Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.18502/bccr.v13i4.14398
Sheeba Bhardwaj, Diptajit Paul, Vivek Kaushal
Background: The incidence of malignant esophageal-respiratory fistulas in esophageal cancer patients is not so frequent. The fistula development in esophageal cancer may be due to advanced disease or a radiotherapy-related complication. Rarely, a pulmonary abscess may develop, which is the most dreadful complication resulting in dismal outcomes. Here, we reported 2-cases of esophageal-respiratory fistula; one with esophageal bronchial fistula and the other with esophageal pleural fistula. Case reports: A 46-year-aged man presented with complaints of difficulty in swallowing for 4 months. CECT chest showed an esophageal growth of 8.5 cm in the lower esophagus. The patient received palliative radiotherapy followed by palliative chemotherapy and showed some improvement in dysphagia. Nine months after the start of treatment, the patient’s dysphagia began to worsen, and he was put on oral metronomic chemotherapy. After 1-year of metronomic chemotherapy, the patient developed cough and chest pain and was diagnosed with an esophageal-pleural fistula with chest wall collection and pleural effusion. The patient was managed conservatively and later lost to follow-up. Another 65-year-old patient presented with dysphagia for 3-months. CECT chest showed an esophageal growth of 5.5 cm in the middle esophagus. The patient received palliative radiotherapy, after which the dysphagia improved. In 3rd month of follow up patient’s dysphagia worsened; barium swallow showed esophageal-bronchial fistula. The patient was managed symptomatically and later lost to follow-up. Conclusions: Fistula formation and subsequent abscess results in a poor prognosis. With advancing disease and compromised general condition of the patient, palliation of symptoms is a significant challenge. Treatment becomes difficult due to the rare occurrence of fistulas and the non-standardization of the treatment protocol. Invasive treatment includes esophageal-pulmonary resection, endoscopic placement of self-expandable covered stents, drainage of empyema and obliteration of empyema cavity, esophageal diversion, and non-invasive treatment includes best supportive care. However, even with appropriate treatment, the outcome is dismal.
{"title":"Enigma of Esophageal - Respiratory Fistula in Advanced Esophageal Cancer","authors":"Sheeba Bhardwaj, Diptajit Paul, Vivek Kaushal","doi":"10.18502/bccr.v13i4.14398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/bccr.v13i4.14398","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The incidence of malignant esophageal-respiratory fistulas in esophageal cancer patients is not so frequent. The fistula development in esophageal cancer may be due to advanced disease or a radiotherapy-related complication. Rarely, a pulmonary abscess may develop, which is the most dreadful complication resulting in dismal outcomes. Here, we reported 2-cases of esophageal-respiratory fistula; one with esophageal bronchial fistula and the other with esophageal pleural fistula. \u0000Case reports: A 46-year-aged man presented with complaints of difficulty in swallowing for 4 months. CECT chest showed an esophageal growth of 8.5 cm in the lower esophagus. The patient received palliative radiotherapy followed by palliative chemotherapy and showed some improvement in dysphagia. Nine months after the start of treatment, the patient’s dysphagia began to worsen, and he was put on oral metronomic chemotherapy. After 1-year of metronomic chemotherapy, the patient developed cough and chest pain and was diagnosed with an esophageal-pleural fistula with chest wall collection and pleural effusion. The patient was managed conservatively and later lost to follow-up. Another 65-year-old patient presented with dysphagia for 3-months. CECT chest showed an esophageal growth of 5.5 cm in the middle esophagus. The patient received palliative radiotherapy, after which the dysphagia improved. In 3rd month of follow up patient’s dysphagia worsened; barium swallow showed esophageal-bronchial fistula. The patient was managed symptomatically and later lost to follow-up. \u0000Conclusions: Fistula formation and subsequent abscess results in a poor prognosis. With advancing disease and compromised general condition of the patient, palliation of symptoms is a significant challenge. Treatment becomes difficult due to the rare occurrence of fistulas and the non-standardization of the treatment protocol. Invasive treatment includes esophageal-pulmonary resection, endoscopic placement of self-expandable covered stents, drainage of empyema and obliteration of empyema cavity, esophageal diversion, and non-invasive treatment includes best supportive care. However, even with appropriate treatment, the outcome is dismal.","PeriodicalId":280576,"journal":{"name":"Basic & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":"26 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139009186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation (BMT) are at higher risk of immune system deficiency. The immunosuppression, followed by pre-transplant chemotherapy makes patients vulnerable to a variety of infections, and fever is one of the first symptoms, which could develop as a result of infectious or non-infectious diseases. In the present study, the features of the fever during the pre-engraftment stage in BMT-receiving patients have been investigated. Materials and Methods: Sixty-four patients receiving BMT were prospectively evaluated during the pre-engraftment phase to evaluate the evidence of the febrile reaction. Data concerning the cause of fever, microbiological tests, the treatments and fever onset pattern, and treatment outcomes were recorded and analyzed. Results: 73.4% of the patients had autologous transplants, and the others received allogeneic. After transplantation, 75% of patients encountered fever during the pre-engraftment period. Of the 48 patients, 47.9% of the patients suffered from fever of unknown origin (FUO). Age, gender, underlying malignancy, type of transplantation, and acute phase reactants levels before transplantation were not associated with fever development. Among febrile patients, patients with autologous transplantation were significantly more likely to develop FUO (p-value = 0.036) There was also no significant difference in the onset of fever between patients with infectious fever and who suffered FUO Conclusions: During BMT, half of the patients developed a fever of unknown origin; nevertheless, it seems that patients undergoing autologous transplantation are at higher risk of FUO compared to patients who received an allogeneic transplant.
背景：接受骨髓移植（BMT）的患者出现免疫系统缺陷的风险较高。移植前的化疗和免疫抑制使患者容易受到各种感染，而发热是最先出现的症状之一，可能由感染性或非感染性疾病引起。本研究对接受 BMT 患者在移植前阶段的发热特征进行了调查。材料和方法：对 64 例接受 BMT 的患者在移植前阶段进行了前瞻性评估，以评估发热反应的证据。记录并分析了有关发热原因、微生物检验、治疗方法和发热模式以及治疗结果的数据。结果73.4%的患者接受了自体移植，其他患者接受了异体移植。移植后，75%的患者在移植前期出现发热。在48名患者中，47.9%的患者发热原因不明（FUO）。年龄、性别、基础恶性肿瘤、移植类型和移植前急性时相反应物水平与发热无关。在发热患者中，自体移植患者发生 FUO 的几率明显更高（P 值 = 0.036）：在 BMT 期间，半数患者出现了不明原因的发热；不过，与接受异体移植的患者相比，接受自体移植的患者发生 FUO 的风险似乎更高。
{"title":"Evaluation of the bone marrow transplantat recipient patients regarding fever onset, fever permanence, risk factors, and underlying causes, during the pre-engraftment phase","authors":"Masoume Mesgarian, Sahar Shadvar, Mehrangiz Zangene, Seyyed Reza Safaee Nodehi","doi":"10.18502/bccr.v13i4.14401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/bccr.v13i4.14401","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation (BMT) are at higher risk of immune system deficiency. The immunosuppression, followed by pre-transplant chemotherapy makes patients vulnerable to a variety of infections, and fever is one of the first symptoms, which could develop as a result of infectious or non-infectious diseases. In the present study, the features of the fever during the pre-engraftment stage in BMT-receiving patients have been investigated. \u0000Materials and Methods: Sixty-four patients receiving BMT were prospectively evaluated during the pre-engraftment phase to evaluate the evidence of the febrile reaction. Data concerning the cause of fever, microbiological tests, the treatments and fever onset pattern, and treatment outcomes were recorded and analyzed. \u0000Results: 73.4% of the patients had autologous transplants, and the others received allogeneic. After transplantation, 75% of patients encountered fever during the pre-engraftment period. Of the 48 patients, 47.9% of the patients suffered from fever of unknown origin (FUO). Age, gender, underlying malignancy, type of transplantation, and acute phase reactants levels before transplantation were not associated with fever development. Among febrile patients, patients with autologous transplantation were significantly more likely to develop FUO (p-value = 0.036) There was also no significant difference in the onset of fever between patients with infectious fever and who suffered FUO \u0000Conclusions: During BMT, half of the patients developed a fever of unknown origin; nevertheless, it seems that patients undergoing autologous transplantation are at higher risk of FUO compared to patients who received an allogeneic transplant.","PeriodicalId":280576,"journal":{"name":"Basic & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":"53 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139006973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.18502/bccr.v13i4.14400
Mehdi Karimi, Kamran Roudini, Abolfazl Zendehdel, Fatemeh Toorang, S. Ebrahimpour-Koujan
Background: DNA oxidation is one of the essential destructive effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on the cell membrane macromolecules leading to the deformation of cellular DNA. The most abundant oxidative DNA product on which most studies have focused is re-oxidized DNA, 8 oxo-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG). This deformation of cellular DNA is associated with various cancer initiation and progression. DNA damage can be a cancer marker including 8-oxodG, thymidine glycol, 8-oxoadenine, etc. DNA oxidation is affected by environmental and non-environmental factors. Age, diet, and metabolism are at the heart of this process. This review study summarizes the types of cancer-related DNA oxidation that serve as a cancer biomarker. Also, we will look at the factors influencing their formation.
背景：DNA 氧化是活性氧（ROS）对细胞膜大分子的重要破坏作用之一，会导致细胞 DNA 变形。大多数研究关注的最丰富的 DNA 氧化产物是再氧化 DNA，即 8-氧代脱氧鸟苷（8-oxodG）。细胞 DNA 的这种变形与各种癌症的发生和发展有关。DNA 损伤可作为癌症标志物，包括 8-oxodG、胸腺嘧啶二醇、8-oxoadenine 等。DNA 氧化受环境和非环境因素的影响。年龄、饮食和新陈代谢是这一过程的核心。本综述研究总结了作为癌症生物标志物的癌症相关 DNA 氧化类型。此外，我们还将探讨影响其形成的因素。
{"title":"DNA oxidation-based analysis: A new approach to assessing the relationship between nutrition and cancer","authors":"Mehdi Karimi, Kamran Roudini, Abolfazl Zendehdel, Fatemeh Toorang, S. Ebrahimpour-Koujan","doi":"10.18502/bccr.v13i4.14400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/bccr.v13i4.14400","url":null,"abstract":"Background: DNA oxidation is one of the essential destructive effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on the cell membrane macromolecules leading to the deformation of cellular DNA. The most abundant oxidative DNA product on which most studies have focused is re-oxidized DNA, 8 oxo-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG). This deformation of cellular DNA is associated with various cancer initiation and progression. DNA damage can be a cancer marker including 8-oxodG, thymidine glycol, 8-oxoadenine, etc. DNA oxidation is affected by environmental and non-environmental factors. Age, diet, and metabolism are at the heart of this process. This review study summarizes the types of cancer-related DNA oxidation that serve as a cancer biomarker. Also, we will look at the factors influencing their formation.","PeriodicalId":280576,"journal":{"name":"Basic & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139007803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.18502/bccr.v13i4.14404
R. Khoramdel, S. N. Hosseini Motlagh, Z. Parang
The application of radiation therapy (RT) in lung cancer has shown some exciting and sometimes disappointing advances in recent years. Protons compared with photons interact differently with human tissues, and can be used to improve patient care for suffering from lung cancer. A new strategy is the simultaneous injection of nanoparticles with proton radiation into the tumor which has been given over a decade to improve conventional RT. In this work, proton beam therapy (PBT) with gold nanoparticles (GNPs) is used as a part of a combination program to treat advanced localized lung cancers. This paper aims to develop the complex Geant4 model on the human lung and predict the distribution of absorbed dose in lung tumors during proton therapy without and with a high-Z injection of GNPs. Thus, the absorbed dose distribution in lung tumors for four modes such as (i) Bethe-Bloch’s relativistic quantum theory, (ii) GEANT4/ GATE7 simulation model, (iii) Hartree-Fock-Roothaan(HFR) wave functions, and the (vi) Bortfeld theoretical model without and with the injection of GNPs in predicted lung phantom are compared.
{"title":"Comprehensive Study of Lung Cancer Proton Therapy with Injection of GNPs","authors":"R. Khoramdel, S. N. Hosseini Motlagh, Z. Parang","doi":"10.18502/bccr.v13i4.14404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/bccr.v13i4.14404","url":null,"abstract":"The application of radiation therapy (RT) in lung cancer has shown some exciting and sometimes disappointing advances in recent years. Protons compared with photons interact differently with human tissues, and can be used to improve patient care for suffering from lung cancer. A new strategy is the simultaneous injection of nanoparticles with proton radiation into the tumor which has been given over a decade to improve conventional RT. In this work, proton beam therapy (PBT) with gold nanoparticles (GNPs) is used as a part of a combination program to treat advanced localized lung cancers. This paper aims to develop the complex Geant4 model on the human lung and predict the distribution of absorbed dose in lung tumors during proton therapy without and with a high-Z injection of GNPs. Thus, the absorbed dose distribution in lung tumors for four modes such as (i) Bethe-Bloch’s relativistic quantum theory, (ii) GEANT4/ GATE7 simulation model, (iii) Hartree-Fock-Roothaan(HFR) wave functions, and the (vi) Bortfeld theoretical model without and with the injection of GNPs in predicted lung phantom are compared.","PeriodicalId":280576,"journal":{"name":"Basic & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":"38 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139009368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.18502/bccr.v13i4.14405
Abuzar Shakeri, Ebrahim Heidari, Nasrin Hosseini Motlagh, H. Vanaei
Fluorine 18-deoxyglucose is often used in Positron Emission Tomography devices. Positron Emission Tomography imaging is one of the useful tool which is used for cancer detection and its management. Positron Emission Tomography growth is limited due to problems that depend on the production of Fluorine-18. Imaging results are strongly depending on the information of nuclear reaction cross section data. This study is presented to calculate different quantities such as stopping power, CSDA range, simulated and distributed absorbed dose of Fluorine-18 in water. In order to access these goals, we use Geant4/Gate7 simulation and the Bethe-Bloch model. The results of this simulation and theoretical model presented are in good agreement with each other. The important point of this paper is the presentation of a theoretical approach in order to the production of Fluorine-18 using protons generated through the main D(d;p)Tand side 3 He(d;p)4 He nuclear fusion reaction in which uses Helium-3 is catalyzed.
{"title":"New Method for 18FDG generating using Geant4/ Gate7","authors":"Abuzar Shakeri, Ebrahim Heidari, Nasrin Hosseini Motlagh, H. Vanaei","doi":"10.18502/bccr.v13i4.14405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/bccr.v13i4.14405","url":null,"abstract":"Fluorine 18-deoxyglucose is often used in Positron Emission Tomography devices. Positron Emission Tomography imaging is one of the useful tool which is used for cancer detection and its management. Positron Emission Tomography growth is limited due to problems that depend on the production of Fluorine-18. Imaging results are strongly depending on the information of nuclear reaction cross section data. This study is presented to calculate different quantities such as stopping power, CSDA range, simulated and distributed absorbed dose of Fluorine-18 in water. In order to access these goals, we use Geant4/Gate7 simulation and the Bethe-Bloch model. The results of this simulation and theoretical model presented are in good agreement with each other. The important point of this paper is the presentation of a theoretical approach in order to the production of Fluorine-18 using protons generated through the main D(d;p)Tand side 3 He(d;p)4 He nuclear fusion reaction in which uses Helium-3 is catalyzed.","PeriodicalId":280576,"journal":{"name":"Basic & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139010143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.18502/bccr.v13i4.14399
A. Abdolmaleki, Z. O. Khudhur, S. W. Smail, A. Asadi, Amin Amani
Background: Researchers have seen gene therapy as one of the most important techniques for treating illnesses including cancer and a range of genetic problems in recent years. The capacity of FeCo-Chitosan nanoparticles for gene transport into MCF-7 cells was explored in this study Methods: FeCo-Chitosan/DNA nanoparticles were prepared. Then, physicochemical features of nanoparticles, were assessed using SEM. Also, biological features of the nanoparticles including biocompatibility, DNA protection, DNA release, and gene transfer capacity to MCF-7 cells were studied,. Results: Results showed that FeCo-Chitosan / DNA nanoparticles exhibited a spherical shape with an average size of around 200 nm. The zeta potential of the FeCo-Chitosan/DNA complex increased with increasing the concentration of FeCo-Chitosan nanoparticles in the FeCo-Chitosan/DNA complex. Electrophoretic analyses showed that FeCo-Chitosan/DNA nanoparticles protects DNA against nuclease degradation and ultrasonic damage. Also, MTT test revealed that FeCo-Chitosan nanoparticles had a good biocompatibility. Conclusions: FeCo-Chitosan nanoparticles may safely transfer and release DNA to MCF-7 cells, according to fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry studies. These findings also revealed that increasing the concentration of FeCo-Chitosan in the FeCo-Chitosan/DNA complex improved gene transfer efficiency
{"title":"FeCo-Chitosan / DNA nanoparticles for gene transfer to MCF-7 breast cancer cells: preparation and characterization","authors":"A. Abdolmaleki, Z. O. Khudhur, S. W. Smail, A. Asadi, Amin Amani","doi":"10.18502/bccr.v13i4.14399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/bccr.v13i4.14399","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Researchers have seen gene therapy as one of the most important techniques for treating illnesses including cancer and a range of genetic problems in recent years. The capacity of FeCo-Chitosan nanoparticles for gene transport into MCF-7 cells was explored in this study \u0000Methods: FeCo-Chitosan/DNA nanoparticles were prepared. Then, physicochemical features of nanoparticles, were assessed using SEM. Also, biological features of the nanoparticles including biocompatibility, DNA protection, DNA release, and gene transfer capacity to MCF-7 cells were studied,. \u0000Results: Results showed that FeCo-Chitosan / DNA nanoparticles exhibited a spherical shape with an average size of around 200 nm. The zeta potential of the FeCo-Chitosan/DNA complex increased with increasing the concentration of FeCo-Chitosan nanoparticles in the FeCo-Chitosan/DNA complex. Electrophoretic analyses showed that FeCo-Chitosan/DNA nanoparticles protects DNA against nuclease degradation and ultrasonic damage. Also, MTT test revealed that FeCo-Chitosan nanoparticles had a good biocompatibility. \u0000Conclusions: FeCo-Chitosan nanoparticles may safely transfer and release DNA to MCF-7 cells, according to fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry studies. These findings also revealed that increasing the concentration of FeCo-Chitosan in the FeCo-Chitosan/DNA complex improved gene transfer efficiency","PeriodicalId":280576,"journal":{"name":"Basic & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138977081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.18502/bccr.v13i4.14403
Fatemeh Abedi Sarvestani, Tahereh Karimi Shayan, A. Abdolmaleki, A. Asadi
Background: Insulin is a big hormone (5808 Da) generally produced with the aid of the pancreas. Insulin receptors (IR) are found in neurons and glial cells. Insulin resistance has been related to increased plasma insulin levels, glucose intolerance, elevated insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-I), glucose and free fatty acids, body mass index, and an elevated risk for colorectal cancers. Proinflammatory cytokines, boom components, and hormones secreted by adipocytes play a key role in colorectal cancer etiology. Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase (ACAT1) mediates insulin-precipitated cell proliferation and metastatic outcomes in colorectal cancer cells. Therefore, miRNAs might serve as a biological connection between metabolic changes linked to obesity and the beginning and progression of Colorectal Cancer Cancer (CRC). Furthermore, these findings shed new light on weight problems as a CRC danger component in which miRNA dysregulation may be involved. The function of IGFs in CRC is investigated by examining the association of two genetic polymorphisms in IGFBP-3 (a G → C single nucleotide polymorphism) and IGF-1 (a cytosine-adenosine dinucleotide repeat) with CRC risk in addition to the possibility of the other interventions, including physical activity, body mass index (BMI), and the use of postmenopausal hormones. These factors can exert their effects by modifying IGF-1 and the related binding proteins (IGFBP). Furthermore, the IGFBP-3 genotype can lead to a substantial effect modifier in the association between CRC and risk factors. It has been found that functional polymorphisms in the pathway of insulin genes, including IGFBPI, INSR, INS, and insulin receptor substrates 1 and 2 (IRS1 and IRS2), can be related to CRC.
{"title":"Polymorphisms in insulin pathway genes and cancer risk","authors":"Fatemeh Abedi Sarvestani, Tahereh Karimi Shayan, A. Abdolmaleki, A. Asadi","doi":"10.18502/bccr.v13i4.14403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/bccr.v13i4.14403","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Insulin is a big hormone (5808 Da) generally produced with the aid of the pancreas. Insulin receptors (IR) are found in neurons and glial cells. Insulin resistance has been related to increased plasma insulin levels, glucose intolerance, elevated insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-I), glucose and free fatty acids, body mass index, and an elevated risk for colorectal cancers. Proinflammatory cytokines, boom components, and hormones secreted by adipocytes play a key role in colorectal cancer etiology. Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase (ACAT1) mediates insulin-precipitated cell proliferation and metastatic outcomes in colorectal cancer cells. Therefore, miRNAs might serve as a biological connection between metabolic changes linked to obesity and the beginning and progression of Colorectal Cancer Cancer (CRC). Furthermore, these findings shed new light on weight problems as a CRC danger component in which miRNA dysregulation may be involved. The function of IGFs in CRC is investigated by examining the association of two genetic polymorphisms in IGFBP-3 (a G → C single nucleotide polymorphism) and IGF-1 (a cytosine-adenosine dinucleotide repeat) with CRC risk in addition to the possibility of the other interventions, including physical activity, body mass index (BMI), and the use of postmenopausal hormones. These factors can exert their effects by modifying IGF-1 and the related binding proteins (IGFBP). Furthermore, the IGFBP-3 genotype can lead to a substantial effect modifier in the association between CRC and risk factors. It has been found that functional polymorphisms in the pathway of insulin genes, including IGFBPI, INSR, INS, and insulin receptor substrates 1 and 2 (IRS1 and IRS2), can be related to CRC.","PeriodicalId":280576,"journal":{"name":"Basic & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":"32 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139007300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.18502/bccr.v13i4.14402
Behnaz Darvishi, Mazaher Ramezani
Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant neurocutaneous syndrome that affects almost all of the organs of the body, including the brain, heart, lungs, liver, and kidneys. Brain tumors in TSC patients include cortical tubers, subependymal nodules (SENs), and Subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (SEGAs). Seizures that occur in 92% of patients with TSC are an important cause of sudden deaths in them. Other organ involvement includes renal angiomyolipomas, lymphangioleiomyomatosis, cardiac rhabdomyomas, and cutaneous manifestations (hypomelanotic macules, angiofibroma, ungual fibromas, shagreen patch, and ‘confetti’ skin lesions). There is a criterion for tuberous sclerosis complex that consists of 11 major and 6 minor clinical features that diagnosis occurs based on it. The best way for a definitive diagnosis of TSC in a patient is by using genetic tests and histopathology. Immunohistochemistry is a helpful method in confirming the diagnosis of brain tumors in TSC. Immunostaining of SEGA shows positivity for GFAP and S-100 protein while neurofilament and synaptophysin are negative. Ki-67, which indicates nuclear proliferation, has a low proliferation index in immunostain. In an aggressive tumor, hydrocephalus, rising intracranial pressure and focal neurologic deficit, surgery is a necessity and can improve outcomes. Brain and kidney involvement in this disease is life-threatening. Brain involvement in these patients can lead to extensive neuropsychological complications, so the aim of this study is a concise review of the variable manifestations of this disease with a focus on the histopathological findings of brain involvement.
{"title":"Tuberous sclerosis complex, Clinic and pathology manifestations, Mini -review","authors":"Behnaz Darvishi, Mazaher Ramezani","doi":"10.18502/bccr.v13i4.14402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/bccr.v13i4.14402","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant neurocutaneous syndrome that affects almost all of the organs of the body, including the brain, heart, lungs, liver, and kidneys. Brain tumors in TSC patients include cortical tubers, subependymal nodules (SENs), and Subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (SEGAs). Seizures that occur in 92% of patients with TSC are an important cause of sudden deaths in them. Other organ involvement includes renal angiomyolipomas, lymphangioleiomyomatosis, cardiac rhabdomyomas, and cutaneous manifestations (hypomelanotic macules, angiofibroma, ungual fibromas, shagreen patch, and ‘confetti’ skin lesions). There is a criterion for tuberous sclerosis complex that consists of 11 major and 6 minor clinical features that diagnosis occurs based on it. The best way for a definitive diagnosis of TSC in a patient is by using genetic tests and histopathology. Immunohistochemistry is a helpful method in confirming the diagnosis of brain tumors in TSC. Immunostaining of SEGA shows positivity for GFAP and S-100 protein while neurofilament and synaptophysin are negative. Ki-67, which indicates nuclear proliferation, has a low proliferation index in immunostain. In an aggressive tumor, hydrocephalus, rising intracranial pressure and focal neurologic deficit, surgery is a necessity and can improve outcomes. Brain and kidney involvement in this disease is life-threatening. Brain involvement in these patients can lead to extensive neuropsychological complications, so the aim of this study is a concise review of the variable manifestations of this disease with a focus on the histopathological findings of brain involvement.","PeriodicalId":280576,"journal":{"name":"Basic & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":"7 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139008417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-10DOI: 10.18502/bccr.v14i1.14388
A. G. Ranjbary, Mohammad KajiYazdi
Acute myeloid leukemia is a heterogeneous clonal disorder of blood-producing cells that are among the most common malignant disorders in adults. The purpose of this study was to examine the gene expression of TNF-α, IL6, IL1-α, IL-10, and TGF-β1 at diagnosis in acute myeloid leukemia. The current study included 50 patients with acute myeloid leukemia and 50 control subjects. ELISA was used to determine the serum concentrations of TNF-α, IL6, IL1-α, IL-10, and TGF-β1. After cDNA synthesis and RNA extraction, the expression of TNF-α, IL6, IL1-α, IL-10, and TGF-β1 genes was determined using real-time PCR (ΔΔCT computational). Statistical analysis was conducted with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 19, and P<0.05 was deemed statistically significant. The mean serum levels of TNF-α, IL6, IL1-α, IL-10, and TGF-β1 were lower in patients with acute myeloid leukemia than in the control group. In addition, cytokine mRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was significantly lower in AML patients compared to the control group (p<0.0001). Changes in TNF-α, IL6, IL1-α, IL-10, and TGF-β1 were associated with acute myeloid leukemia, according to the findings. The current study supports the use of cytokines as diagnostic biomarkers for acute myeloid leukemia.
{"title":"NF-α, IL6, IL1-α, IL-10 and TGF-β1 Gene Expression in Iranian Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients","authors":"A. G. Ranjbary, Mohammad KajiYazdi","doi":"10.18502/bccr.v14i1.14388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/bccr.v14i1.14388","url":null,"abstract":"Acute myeloid leukemia is a heterogeneous clonal disorder of blood-producing cells that are among the most common malignant disorders in adults. The purpose of this study was to examine the gene expression of TNF-α, IL6, IL1-α, IL-10, and TGF-β1 at diagnosis in acute myeloid leukemia. The current study included 50 patients with acute myeloid leukemia and 50 control subjects. ELISA was used to determine the serum concentrations of TNF-α, IL6, IL1-α, IL-10, and TGF-β1. After cDNA synthesis and RNA extraction, the expression of TNF-α, IL6, IL1-α, IL-10, and TGF-β1 genes was determined using real-time PCR (ΔΔCT computational). Statistical analysis was conducted with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 19, and P<0.05 was deemed statistically significant. The mean serum levels of TNF-α, IL6, IL1-α, IL-10, and TGF-β1 were lower in patients with acute myeloid leukemia than in the control group. In addition, cytokine mRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was significantly lower in AML patients compared to the control group (p<0.0001). Changes in TNF-α, IL6, IL1-α, IL-10, and TGF-β1 were associated with acute myeloid leukemia, according to the findings. The current study supports the use of cytokines as diagnostic biomarkers for acute myeloid leukemia.","PeriodicalId":280576,"journal":{"name":"Basic & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138982196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-10DOI: 10.18502/bccr.v14i1.14386
Kiran Bhaisare, Jessica Tellis, Pramod Toshniwal
Askin tumour is an uncommon form of malignant neoplasm that develops from the soft tissues of the thoracopulmonary wall and has a neuroectodermal origin and possess aggressive behavior. As it mimics other common pediatric disorders such as empyema, tuberculosis, lymphoma, rhabdomyosarcoma and neuroblastoma, it acts as a great diagnostic and therapeutic challenge to the treating clinicians. Its rarity, however, contributes greatly to the absence of standardized treatment protocols further facilitating detrimental prognosis. So, the major deciding factor of its survival rate is early and precise diagnosis followed by its treatment. The present study reports a case Askin’s tumor in a child which is locally aggressive and quite rare. While making the definitive diagnosis of an Askin’s tumour of the thorcopulmonary region the possibility of the occurrence of other primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNET) was not ruled out.
{"title":"ASKIN’S TUMOR: A CASE REPORT AND LITERATURE REVIEW","authors":"Kiran Bhaisare, Jessica Tellis, Pramod Toshniwal","doi":"10.18502/bccr.v14i1.14386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/bccr.v14i1.14386","url":null,"abstract":"Askin tumour is an uncommon form of malignant neoplasm that develops from the soft tissues of the thoracopulmonary wall and has a neuroectodermal origin and possess aggressive behavior. As it mimics other common pediatric disorders such as empyema, tuberculosis, lymphoma, rhabdomyosarcoma and neuroblastoma, it acts as a great diagnostic and therapeutic challenge to the treating clinicians. Its rarity, however, contributes greatly to the absence of standardized treatment protocols further facilitating detrimental prognosis. So, the major deciding factor of its survival rate is early and precise diagnosis followed by its treatment. The present study reports a case Askin’s tumor in a child which is locally aggressive and quite rare. While making the definitive diagnosis of an Askin’s tumour of the thorcopulmonary region the possibility of the occurrence of other primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNET) was not ruled out.","PeriodicalId":280576,"journal":{"name":"Basic & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138981969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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