Pub Date : 2004-04-28DOI: 10.4337/9781845420536.00011
S. Erlander, J. Lundgren
This chapter on cost minimizing behavior in random discrete choice modeling is one in a book of essays published in honor of David Boyce for his contributions to the fields of transportation modeling and regional science. In this chapter, the authors describe and define the new notion of cost minimization behavior applied to the most simple case of a discrete choice situation. The authors then show how the multi-attribute multinomial logit model and the gravity model for trip distribution can be derived from this new definition. Instead of considering the rational behavior for an individual decision maker, by making an assumption regarding the probability distribution for the random cost component, the authors define rational behavior for a group of decision makers. The authors also discuss cost minimizing behavior in the general case of discrete choice modeling.
{"title":"COST MINIMIZING BEHAVIOR IN RANDOM DISCRETE CHOICE MODELING. IN: URBAN AND REGIONAL TRANSPORTATION MODELING. ESSAYS IN HONOR OF DAVID BOYCE","authors":"S. Erlander, J. Lundgren","doi":"10.4337/9781845420536.00011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4337/9781845420536.00011","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter on cost minimizing behavior in random discrete choice modeling is one in a book of essays published in honor of David Boyce for his contributions to the fields of transportation modeling and regional science. In this chapter, the authors describe and define the new notion of cost minimization behavior applied to the most simple case of a discrete choice situation. The authors then show how the multi-attribute multinomial logit model and the gravity model for trip distribution can be derived from this new definition. Instead of considering the rational behavior for an individual decision maker, by making an assumption regarding the probability distribution for the random cost component, the authors define rational behavior for a group of decision makers. The authors also discuss cost minimizing behavior in the general case of discrete choice modeling.","PeriodicalId":281274,"journal":{"name":"Edward Elgar Publishing","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127800592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An important contribution to the current literature on gender and social politics, this book challenges mainstream thinking on welfare states, citizenship, family, work, and social policy. Contested Concepts in Gender and Social Politics analyses the corresponding shifts in political discourse, and the changes in socio-political configurations that mirror changing gender relations.
{"title":"Contested Concepts in Gender and Social Politics","authors":"B. Hobson, J. Lewis, Birte Siim","doi":"10.4337/9781781950340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4337/9781781950340","url":null,"abstract":"An important contribution to the current literature on gender and social politics, this book challenges mainstream thinking on welfare states, citizenship, family, work, and social policy. Contested Concepts in Gender and Social Politics analyses the corresponding shifts in political discourse, and the changes in socio-political configurations that mirror changing gender relations.","PeriodicalId":281274,"journal":{"name":"Edward Elgar Publishing","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116635706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-04-18DOI: 10.1016/S0196-1152(02)80004-7
A. Schnaiberg, David N. Pellow, Adam S. Weinberg
{"title":"The treadmill of production and the environmental state","authors":"A. Schnaiberg, David N. Pellow, Adam S. Weinberg","doi":"10.1016/S0196-1152(02)80004-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0196-1152(02)80004-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":281274,"journal":{"name":"Edward Elgar Publishing","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123586091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-12-21DOI: 10.4337/9781781009956.00025
J. Peirson, D. Sharp, R. Vickerman
As with many large cities around the world, London is facing a major problem from traffic congestion. This chapter considers the application of the urban model to the London region. The model is an aggregate type that looks at total traffic levels within the area and does not aim to model traffic on individual links, but does consider passenger travel. Although this is the major source of traffic within the London region this is a limitation, but some development of models allowing for freight transport have been modified for interregional traffic.
{"title":"WHAT IS WRONG WITH TRANSPORT PRICES IN LONDON? IN: REFORMING TRANSPORT PRICING IN THE EUROPEAN UNION: A MODELING APPROACH","authors":"J. Peirson, D. Sharp, R. Vickerman","doi":"10.4337/9781781009956.00025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4337/9781781009956.00025","url":null,"abstract":"As with many large cities around the world, London is facing a major problem from traffic congestion. This chapter considers the application of the urban model to the London region. The model is an aggregate type that looks at total traffic levels within the area and does not aim to model traffic on individual links, but does consider passenger travel. Although this is the major source of traffic within the London region this is a limitation, but some development of models allowing for freight transport have been modified for interregional traffic.","PeriodicalId":281274,"journal":{"name":"Edward Elgar Publishing","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131019855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-12-21DOI: 10.4337/9781781009956.00026
B. Borger
The aim of this chapter is to study the welfare implications of various transport pricing and regulatory policies in Belgium for the reference year 2005. All empirical results reported herein were derived using a 2-region model of a hypothetical federation consisting of Belgium and the 'rest of Europe', taken as a single entity. Although the focus of the current chapter is mainly on Belgian transport policies, extension of the model allows an illustration of the interrelation between international transport flows and pricing policies. Moreover, it allows for the reporting of the implications of strategic behavior by individual countries if policies are not federally coordinated.
{"title":"EVALUATING PRICING POLICIES FOR INTERREGIONAL TRANSPORT IN BELGIUM. IN: REFORMING TRANSPORT PRICING IN THE EUROPEAN UNION: A MODELING APPROACH","authors":"B. Borger","doi":"10.4337/9781781009956.00026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4337/9781781009956.00026","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this chapter is to study the welfare implications of various transport pricing and regulatory policies in Belgium for the reference year 2005. All empirical results reported herein were derived using a 2-region model of a hypothetical federation consisting of Belgium and the 'rest of Europe', taken as a single entity. Although the focus of the current chapter is mainly on Belgian transport policies, extension of the model allows an illustration of the interrelation between international transport flows and pricing policies. Moreover, it allows for the reporting of the implications of strategic behavior by individual countries if policies are not federally coordinated.","PeriodicalId":281274,"journal":{"name":"Edward Elgar Publishing","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133896225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-12-21DOI: 10.4337/9781781009956.00018
A. Dickerson, J. Peirson, R. Vickerman
While the prior chapter in this volume considers the estimation of the marginal external costs of different modes of transport, this chapter examines an unresolved aspect of the estimation of the external costs of road accidents. First, the relationship between road accidents and traffic flows is examined. Next, those parts of accident costs that are external are considered. Lastly, values are placed on these externalities. The accident-flow relationship is investigated by matching the U.K.'s Department of Transport's London traffic flow data for the mid-1990s with police data on all road traffic accidents in the corresponding areas during the same period.
虽然本卷的前一章考虑了不同运输方式的边际外部成本的估计，但本章研究了道路事故外部成本估计的一个未解决的方面。首先，研究道路交通事故与交通流的关系。其次，考虑事故成本的外部部分。最后，重视这些外部性。通过拟合英国模型，研究了事故-流关系伦敦交通局(Department of Transport) 1990年代中期的伦敦交通流量数据，以及同期相应地区所有道路交通事故的警方数据。
{"title":"EXTERNAL ACCIDENT COSTS AND THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ROAD ACCIDENTS AND TRAFFIC FLOWS. IN: REFORMING TRANSPORT PRICING IN THE EUROPEAN UNION: A MODELING APPROACH","authors":"A. Dickerson, J. Peirson, R. Vickerman","doi":"10.4337/9781781009956.00018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4337/9781781009956.00018","url":null,"abstract":"While the prior chapter in this volume considers the estimation of the marginal external costs of different modes of transport, this chapter examines an unresolved aspect of the estimation of the external costs of road accidents. First, the relationship between road accidents and traffic flows is examined. Next, those parts of accident costs that are external are considered. Lastly, values are placed on these externalities. The accident-flow relationship is investigated by matching the U.K.'s Department of Transport's London traffic flow data for the mid-1990s with police data on all road traffic accidents in the corresponding areas during the same period.","PeriodicalId":281274,"journal":{"name":"Edward Elgar Publishing","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126422066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-12-21DOI: 10.4337/9781781009956.00023
J. Bergh, E. Verhoef
This chapter presents results of urban transport pricing and technology regulation policy simulations that have been performed with the urban model for the city of Amsterdam (Netherlands) for the year 2005. Some background on the city and its transport network and modes is also provided.
{"title":"URBAN TRANSPORT PRICING IN AMSTERDAM: POLICY SIMULATIONS FOR 2005. IN: REFORMING TRANSPORT PRICING IN THE EUROPEAN UNION: A MODELING APPROACH","authors":"J. Bergh, E. Verhoef","doi":"10.4337/9781781009956.00023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4337/9781781009956.00023","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter presents results of urban transport pricing and technology regulation policy simulations that have been performed with the urban model for the city of Amsterdam (Netherlands) for the year 2005. Some background on the city and its transport network and modes is also provided.","PeriodicalId":281274,"journal":{"name":"Edward Elgar Publishing","volume":"2010 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125632997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-12-21DOI: 10.4337/9781781009956.00019
J. Peirson, R. Vickerman
The main aim of the models used in this book is to investigate welfare effects of policies that improve the pricing of passenger and freight transport. The investigation of these welfare effects requires data on the demand, supply, and internal/external costs of transport with which to calibrate the transport models and study the effects of different transport policies. This chapter considers the estimation of the internal costs that are required as input as models. The paper begins by discussing some conceptual issues, followed by an overview of different methods for estimating the various internal cost components. Lastly, analysis methods are reviewed, and conclusions are given.
{"title":"COMPUTATION OF THE INTERNAL COSTS OF TRANSPORT IN THE MODEL. IN: REFORMING TRANSPORT PRICING IN THE EUROPEAN UNION: A MODELING APPROACH","authors":"J. Peirson, R. Vickerman","doi":"10.4337/9781781009956.00019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4337/9781781009956.00019","url":null,"abstract":"The main aim of the models used in this book is to investigate welfare effects of policies that improve the pricing of passenger and freight transport. The investigation of these welfare effects requires data on the demand, supply, and internal/external costs of transport with which to calibrate the transport models and study the effects of different transport policies. This chapter considers the estimation of the internal costs that are required as input as models. The paper begins by discussing some conceptual issues, followed by an overview of different methods for estimating the various internal cost components. Lastly, analysis methods are reviewed, and conclusions are given.","PeriodicalId":281274,"journal":{"name":"Edward Elgar Publishing","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124866864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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