Pub Date : 1974-03-01DOI: 10.1088/0335-7368/5/2/306
P. Lelong, V. Simonet, J. Charmet
The strain-gauge here after described is a purely optical device which makes possible to determine the strains by measuring differential birefringence between two elliptically polarized light beams. Measurements on dielectric material are more performing with this optical strain gauge than with a conventional electrical one. Sensitivities can reach 5.10-6 for strain measurements and one micron for transverse displacements.
{"title":"Strain Gauges by variation of differential birefringence","authors":"P. Lelong, V. Simonet, J. Charmet","doi":"10.1088/0335-7368/5/2/306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0335-7368/5/2/306","url":null,"abstract":"The strain-gauge here after described is a purely optical device which makes possible to determine the strains by measuring differential birefringence between two elliptically polarized light beams. Measurements on dielectric material are more performing with this optical strain gauge than with a conventional electrical one. Sensitivities can reach 5.10-6 for strain measurements and one micron for transverse displacements.","PeriodicalId":286899,"journal":{"name":"Nouvelle Revue D'optique","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123617938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1974-03-01DOI: 10.1088/0335-7368/5/2/308
E. Leboucher, C. Bousquet, N. Bras
The isotopic and hyperfine structure of the resonace radiation Hg 1 849 A was measured by means of the magnetic scanning method. Many difficulties were encountered: technical difficulties because of the field of wavelength of the far U-V radiation, difficulties due to the radiation itself (strong self-absorption effect, distortion of the scanning profile with the induction B). These last difficulties were overcome by using « the nodes » which do not depend on the scanning line profile, and by building theoretical models of the source profile and of the transmission curves. The splittings 198-200 and 200-202 were measured with great accuracy.
{"title":"The measure of the isotopic and hyperfine structure of the radiation Hg 1849 Å by means of the magnetic scanning method","authors":"E. Leboucher, C. Bousquet, N. Bras","doi":"10.1088/0335-7368/5/2/308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0335-7368/5/2/308","url":null,"abstract":"The isotopic and hyperfine structure of the resonace radiation Hg 1 849 A was measured by means of the magnetic scanning method. Many difficulties were encountered: technical difficulties because of the field of wavelength of the far U-V radiation, difficulties due to the radiation itself (strong self-absorption effect, distortion of the scanning profile with the induction B). These last difficulties were overcome by using « the nodes » which do not depend on the scanning line profile, and by building theoretical models of the source profile and of the transmission curves. The splittings 198-200 and 200-202 were measured with great accuracy.","PeriodicalId":286899,"journal":{"name":"Nouvelle Revue D'optique","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126518264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1974-03-01DOI: 10.1088/0335-7368/5/2/307
M. Ferray
The state of polarization of an oblique incident wave is modified by a reflexion on a metallic mirror, because of the inequality of the phases of the reflexion coefficients for polarization parallel and perpendiculer to the incidence plane. We show, that it is possible to the compensat in white light, the phase anisotrophy of certain mirrors by the aid of a cristallin plate. Different incidence angles are considered and the field of the compensated mirror is studied. Application to optical microsophy is particularly interesting.
{"title":"Compensation of the phase anisotropy of an oblique mirror in visible light","authors":"M. Ferray","doi":"10.1088/0335-7368/5/2/307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0335-7368/5/2/307","url":null,"abstract":"The state of polarization of an oblique incident wave is modified by a reflexion on a metallic mirror, because of the inequality of the phases of the reflexion coefficients for polarization parallel and perpendiculer to the incidence plane. We show, that it is possible to the compensat in white light, the phase anisotrophy of certain mirrors by the aid of a cristallin plate. Different incidence angles are considered and the field of the compensated mirror is studied. Application to optical microsophy is particularly interesting.","PeriodicalId":286899,"journal":{"name":"Nouvelle Revue D'optique","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122846833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1974-03-01DOI: 10.1088/0335-7368/5/2/303
H. Royer
Holograms of fogs produced in a high-altitude propeller test cell were recorded in the following condition: Pressure 0,5 atm; temperature 0 °C; velocity of the fog 100 m/s. The droplet diameters ranged between 5 and 50 μm. Reconstructed images were enlarged X 1000 and visualized with the help of a TV-system. Individual measurements on the particules porvided the local concentration and diameter repartition. Moreover, the use of double-pulse holography gives the three components of the speed vector for each particle. The optical arrangement and apparatus are described. The influence of experimental parameters upon the precision of measures is discussed.
{"title":"An application of high-speed microholography: the mertology of fogs","authors":"H. Royer","doi":"10.1088/0335-7368/5/2/303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0335-7368/5/2/303","url":null,"abstract":"Holograms of fogs produced in a high-altitude propeller test cell were recorded in the following condition: Pressure 0,5 atm; temperature 0 °C; velocity of the fog 100 m/s. The droplet diameters ranged between 5 and 50 μm. Reconstructed images were enlarged X 1000 and visualized with the help of a TV-system. Individual measurements on the particules porvided the local concentration and diameter repartition. Moreover, the use of double-pulse holography gives the three components of the speed vector for each particle. The optical arrangement and apparatus are described. The influence of experimental parameters upon the precision of measures is discussed.","PeriodicalId":286899,"journal":{"name":"Nouvelle Revue D'optique","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128639624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1974-03-01DOI: 10.1088/0335-7368/5/2/304
B. Mehta
Expression for the dependence of critical resolution of a circular aperture, with non-uniform and non-symmetric illumination using partially coherent light, on the complex degree of coherence is obtained for the two cases viz: (I) when the two point objects are of equal intensity and (II) when they are of un-equal intensity. In the former case Sparrow criterion of resolution is used while in the later well known Rayleigh criterion is used. Applicability of these criteria in the two cases is discussed. In the case, when the two object points are of unequal intensity Sparrow criterion in its simple form cannot be applied.
{"title":"Two point resolution with non-uniform and non-symmetric illumination using partially coherent light","authors":"B. Mehta","doi":"10.1088/0335-7368/5/2/304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0335-7368/5/2/304","url":null,"abstract":"Expression for the dependence of critical resolution of a circular aperture, with non-uniform and non-symmetric illumination using partially coherent light, on the complex degree of coherence is obtained for the two cases viz: (I) when the two point objects are of equal intensity and (II) when they are of un-equal intensity. In the former case Sparrow criterion of resolution is used while in the later well known Rayleigh criterion is used. Applicability of these criteria in the two cases is discussed. In the case, when the two object points are of unequal intensity Sparrow criterion in its simple form cannot be applied.","PeriodicalId":286899,"journal":{"name":"Nouvelle Revue D'optique","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126493285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1974-03-01DOI: 10.1088/0335-7368/5/2/301
M. Nevière, P. Vincent, R. Petit
A method to study the diffraction of an electromagnetic plane wave by a grating,in the case where it has a finite conductivity, is described for both classical cases of polarization. The results relative to the visible and ultra-violet regions are compared to those recently obtained using an integral formalism [1],[2]. Various particular applications are given. The validity of the results is discussed.
{"title":"Theory of conducting gratings and their applications to Optics","authors":"M. Nevière, P. Vincent, R. Petit","doi":"10.1088/0335-7368/5/2/301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0335-7368/5/2/301","url":null,"abstract":"A method to study the diffraction of an electromagnetic plane wave by a grating,in the case where it has a finite conductivity, is described for both classical cases of polarization. The results relative to the visible and ultra-violet regions are compared to those recently obtained using an integral formalism [1],[2]. Various particular applications are given. The validity of the results is discussed.","PeriodicalId":286899,"journal":{"name":"Nouvelle Revue D'optique","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117310059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1974-03-01DOI: 10.1088/0335-7368/5/2/302
D. Maystre, R. Petit, M. Duban, J. Gilewicz
The paper reports theoretical results concerning the efficiency of 3 600 line/mm metallic gratings used in the Litrow mounting and in the near ultraviolet(1000 A < Λ < 5000 A).Both ruled gratings (echelettes) and holographic gratings (having sinusoidal profiles) are investigated. The metal is aluminium.
本文报道了用于Litrow安装和近紫外(1000 A < Λ < 5000 A)的3 600线/mm金属光栅的效率的理论结果，并研究了直线光栅(阶梯形)和全息光栅(具有正弦轮廓)。这种金属是铝。
{"title":"Theoretical determination of the efficiencies for a conducting grating used in the near ultraviolet","authors":"D. Maystre, R. Petit, M. Duban, J. Gilewicz","doi":"10.1088/0335-7368/5/2/302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0335-7368/5/2/302","url":null,"abstract":"The paper reports theoretical results concerning the efficiency of 3 600 line/mm metallic gratings used in the Litrow mounting and in the near ultraviolet(1000 A < Λ < 5000 A).Both ruled gratings (echelettes) and holographic gratings (having sinusoidal profiles) are investigated. The metal is aluminium.","PeriodicalId":286899,"journal":{"name":"Nouvelle Revue D'optique","volume":"195 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132639646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1974-03-01DOI: 10.1088/0335-7368/5/2/305
H. Mishina, T. Asakura
The equation for the intensity distribution of interference patterns, in a two dimension, produced by the two Gaussian beams having different beam parameters and some deviations from each other is derived. Some interference patterns are shown as functions of the two ratios of beam intensities and widths and of the beam deviation. The interference patterns are discussed in connection with the property of output beat signals in a differential laser Doppler velocimeter. Some experimental results are finally shown.
{"title":"Two gaussian beam interference","authors":"H. Mishina, T. Asakura","doi":"10.1088/0335-7368/5/2/305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0335-7368/5/2/305","url":null,"abstract":"The equation for the intensity distribution of interference patterns, in a two dimension, produced by the two Gaussian beams having different beam parameters and some deviations from each other is derived. Some interference patterns are shown as functions of the two ratios of beam intensities and widths and of the beam deviation. The interference patterns are discussed in connection with the property of output beat signals in a differential laser Doppler velocimeter. Some experimental results are finally shown.","PeriodicalId":286899,"journal":{"name":"Nouvelle Revue D'optique","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122072349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1973-11-01DOI: 10.1088/0335-7368/4/6/308
C. Vikram
A multiple-exposure technique is suggested to extend the useful measurement range of constant velocity motion, by holographic interferometry. The technique employs a number of narrow pulses of light at equal intervals for the recording process while the object is moving. The role of holographic addition is also discussed to minimize the recording time with ordinary cw lasers, and to shorten the pulse width if a high intensity laser is available.
{"title":"Application of multiple-exposure holographic interferometry to increase velocity measurement range","authors":"C. Vikram","doi":"10.1088/0335-7368/4/6/308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0335-7368/4/6/308","url":null,"abstract":"A multiple-exposure technique is suggested to extend the useful measurement range of constant velocity motion, by holographic interferometry. The technique employs a number of narrow pulses of light at equal intervals for the recording process while the object is moving. The role of holographic addition is also discussed to minimize the recording time with ordinary cw lasers, and to shorten the pulse width if a high intensity laser is available.","PeriodicalId":286899,"journal":{"name":"Nouvelle Revue D'optique","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124267379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1973-11-01DOI: 10.1088/0335-7368/4/6/302
D. Courjon, J. Bulabois
The described analogical method allows to visualize and determine the Transfer Function of any optical system from an object distribution of random transparency of which the statistical properties are stationary. This method consists in obtaining the image of the transparency in spatially incoherent light by means of the optical system under test. This amounts to substitute an infinity of sources distributed randomly in a plane for the generally used point source. The Fourier Transform of this image provides an amplitude distribution proportional to the desired function. Moreover the information contained in the image allows to study the variations of the transmission properties according to the parameters acting in the image process. Experimental results connected with different complex optical systems and more particularly with synthetic apertures are presented.
{"title":"Determination of the transfer function of an optical system by means of a random distribution of transmittance","authors":"D. Courjon, J. Bulabois","doi":"10.1088/0335-7368/4/6/302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0335-7368/4/6/302","url":null,"abstract":"The described analogical method allows to visualize and determine the Transfer Function of any optical system from an object distribution of random transparency of which the statistical properties are stationary. This method consists in obtaining the image of the transparency in spatially incoherent light by means of the optical system under test. This amounts to substitute an infinity of sources distributed randomly in a plane for the generally used point source. The Fourier Transform of this image provides an amplitude distribution proportional to the desired function. Moreover the information contained in the image allows to study the variations of the transmission properties according to the parameters acting in the image process. Experimental results connected with different complex optical systems and more particularly with synthetic apertures are presented.","PeriodicalId":286899,"journal":{"name":"Nouvelle Revue D'optique","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121964678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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