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Cotton Image Segmentation Network Based on Improved DeeplabV3+ 基于改进DeeplabV3+的棉花图像分割网络
Pub Date : 2022-11-25 DOI: 10.1109/CAC57257.2022.10055850
Zhixing Zhan, Chen Zhang, Wei Wei, Lin Zeng, S. Xiang
Aiming at the observation of cotton flow conditions in cotton production lines, a cotton image segmentation algorithm with improved DeeplabV3+ network is proposed, which introduces the lightweight network MobileNetV2 as the backbone feature extraction network; replaces the standard convolution in the void space pyramid pooling module with the depth separable convolution to compress the model size, and introduces the channel attention module to capture the image contextual information to effectively improve the segmentation accuracy of the model. The proposed algorithm achieves 96.86% pixel accuracy and 92.14% intersection ratio on the test set, which is 0.70% and 0.22% better than the original version, and the model parameter size is 15.29 MB, which is 92.7% smaller than the previous one, and the prediction time of a single frame is 18.67 ms, which is 65.8% smaller than the previous one. The experimental results show that the algorithm balances the characteristics of accuracy and real-time, and the overall comprehensive performance is optimal.
针对棉花生产线中棉花流动情况的观察,提出了一种改进DeeplabV3+网络的棉花图像分割算法,该算法引入轻量级网络MobileNetV2作为骨干特征提取网络;将空洞空间金字塔池化模块中的标准卷积替换为深度可分卷积压缩模型大小,引入通道关注模块捕获图像上下文信息,有效提高模型的分割精度。该算法在测试集上实现了96.86%的像素精度和92.14%的相交率,分别比原算法提高了0.70%和0.22%,模型参数大小为15.29 MB,比原算法减少了92.7%,单帧预测时间为18.67 ms,比原算法减少了65.8%。实验结果表明,该算法平衡了准确性和实时性的特点,整体综合性能最优。
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引用次数: 1
Parking Dispatch System for Infrastructure-based Automated Valet Parking 基于基础设施的自动代客泊车调度系统
Pub Date : 2022-11-25 DOI: 10.1109/CAC57257.2022.10055976
Qizhe Xu, Dongxi Lu, Hanyang Zhuang, Chunxiang Wang, Ming Yang
Automated valet parking (AVP) contributes to the reduction in the shortage of the parking resources, which has a significant impact on the efficiency of city transportation. However, in the current situation most AVP systems are implemented through vehicle-based intelligence approaches, leading to not only the problem of high cost in onboard sensor installation but also less global parking efficiency. Therefore, recent research works focusing on infrastructure-based AVP system have become a popular direction. The information of all vehicles is obtained so that the parking of each vehicle can be considered from a global perspective. This paper aims at proposing an intelligent Parking Dispatch System (PDS) to systematically tackle these issues. The PDS is developed to allocate parking space of each vehicle, generate vehicle trajectory to the parking space, compute control commands and also take care of potential collisions and conflicts. The target of this system is to minimize the average waiting time. A simulation platform has been developed to validate the system on the basis of a existent parking lot. The experiment results have shown that the PDS can achieve a high efficiency in coordinating the vehicles in the parking lot.
自动代客泊车(AVP)有助于缓解停车资源短缺的问题,对城市交通效率产生重要影响。然而,在目前的情况下,大多数AVP系统都是通过基于车辆的智能方法来实现的,这不仅导致了车载传感器安装成本高的问题,而且降低了全局停车效率。因此,基于基础设施的AVP系统已成为近年来研究的一个热门方向。获取所有车辆的信息,以便从全局角度考虑每辆车的停放情况。本文旨在提出一种智能停车调度系统(PDS)来系统地解决这些问题。PDS系统的主要功能是分配每辆车的停车位,生成车辆到停车位的轨迹,计算控制命令,并处理潜在的碰撞和冲突。该系统的目标是最小化平均等待时间。以现有停车场为例,建立了仿真平台对系统进行验证。实验结果表明,该系统能够高效地协调停车场内的车辆。
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引用次数: 0
Event-driven Robotic Tactile Data Learning Using Temporal Spike Sequence Backpropagation Method 基于时间尖峰序列反向传播方法的事件驱动机器人触觉数据学习
Pub Date : 2022-11-25 DOI: 10.1109/CAC57257.2022.10055181
Qing Hou, Tingqing Liu, Jing Yang, Xiaoyang Ji, Qinglang Li, Jian Li, Baofan Yin
Tactile perception is indispensable for intelligent robots to interact intelligently like humans. Therefore, the effective use of deep learning methods to acquire tactile features has become an important focus of tactile perception research. Satisfactory time-driven characteristics and the ability to process spatiotemporal information efficiently of spiking neural networks are advantageous for event-based data. We apply a temporal spike sequence learning backpropagation method that can handle continuous spikes to improve the spike neural network for tactile object recognition based on event-driven data. We prove the effectiveness of the temporal spike sequence error backpropagation method in practical applications to address the problem of losing temporal information of data using approximate derivatives. In practical application, we have proved the validity of the back propagation method of temporal spike sequence error in solving the problem of losing temporal information of data using approximate derivatives
触觉感知是智能机器人像人类一样智能交互的必要条件。因此,有效利用深度学习方法获取触觉特征已成为触觉感知研究的重要焦点。脉冲神经网络具有良好的时间驱动特性和高效处理时空信息的能力,有利于处理基于事件的数据。我们采用一种可以处理连续尖峰的时间尖峰序列学习反向传播方法来改进基于事件驱动数据的触觉物体识别尖峰神经网络。我们在实际应用中证明了时间尖峰序列误差反向传播方法的有效性,该方法利用近似导数解决了数据丢失时间信息的问题。在实际应用中,我们证明了时间尖峰序列误差的反向传播方法在利用近似导数解决数据时间信息丢失问题中的有效性
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引用次数: 0
Fatigue State Detection of Locomotive Driver Based on Human Posture Features and Double-Stream Long Short-Term Memory Neural Network 基于人体姿态特征和双流长短期记忆神经网络的机车驾驶员疲劳状态检测
Pub Date : 2022-11-25 DOI: 10.1109/CAC57257.2022.10056022
Zhaoyi Li, Shenghua Dai, Ziyuan Zheng
For the fatigue information conveyed by the upper part posture of the body, 13 feature points of the driver’s upper body in different states in this paper, such as sober fatigue, are collected on the high-speed railway simulator with a monocular camera, and then the sample data are obtained through correlation processing. Each sample in the feature set is continuous data extracted from continuous frames, including angle feature and relative position proportion feature. The training set is used to train the Double-Stream Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network, and the corresponding and Long Short-Term Memory neural network classifier is obtained. The trained Double-Stream Long Short-Term memory neural network classifier is used to classify the soberness, mild fatigue and severe fatigue of locomotive drivers. The model can achieve a good effect that the average classification accuracy of this model is close to 92.67%, and the F1 score is close to 92.71%, which verify the effectiveness and robustness of the method.
对于人体上半身姿态传递的疲劳信息,本文采用单目摄像机在高速铁路模拟器上采集驾驶员上半身在清醒疲劳等不同状态下的13个特征点,然后通过相关处理得到样本数据。特征集中的每个样本都是从连续帧中提取的连续数据,包括角度特征和相对位置比例特征。利用该训练集对双流长短期记忆(LSTM)神经网络进行训练,得到相应的长短期记忆神经网络分类器。利用训练好的双流长短期记忆神经网络分类器对机车驾驶员的清醒、轻度疲劳和重度疲劳进行分类。该模型取得了较好的效果,该模型的平均分类准确率接近92.67%,F1分数接近92.71%,验证了该方法的有效性和鲁棒性。
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引用次数: 0
A Clustering-Generative Model Based Method for Load Data Augmentation 基于聚类生成模型的负荷数据增强方法
Pub Date : 2022-11-25 DOI: 10.1109/CAC57257.2022.10055403
Xiaoyi Qiao, Jiang Wu
As big data technologies become more prevalent in the energy sector, the importance of data is increasing. Data augmentation techniques can enhance the size and quality of data sets. In the scenario of an integrated energy system, the complex coupling relationship of various forms of energy poses a challenge for load data augmentation, for which a data augmentation method for electricity and thermal coupled load is proposed in this paper. First, an asymmetric Variational Autoencoder (VAE) with KL cost annealing is trained. The encoder part is used as a representation learner to extract the electricity and thermal features, based on which K-means++ is used to cluster the raw data. Then the decoder part generates new samples proportionally according to the clustering results. The experimental results show that the load data generated by this method can retain the overall distribution characteristics and the coupling relationship between electricity and thermal.
随着大数据技术在能源领域的普及,数据的重要性也在增加。数据增强技术可以增强数据集的大小和质量。在综合能源系统场景下,各种形式的能量之间复杂的耦合关系对负荷数据扩充提出了挑战,为此,本文提出了一种针对电、热耦合负荷的数据扩充方法。首先,采用KL代价退火方法训练非对称变分自编码器(VAE)。编码器部分作为表征学习器提取电和热特征,在此基础上使用k - memeans ++对原始数据进行聚类。解码部分根据聚类结果按比例生成新样本。实验结果表明,该方法生成的负荷数据能较好地保留负荷的总体分布特征和电热耦合关系。
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引用次数: 2
Research and application of EMD-BiLSTM in bridge data reconstruction EMD-BiLSTM在桥梁数据重建中的研究与应用
Pub Date : 2022-11-25 DOI: 10.1109/CAC57257.2022.10055127
Mingzhi Xue, Funian Li, Xingsheng Yu, Junfeng Yan, Zhidan Chen
Structural monitoring systems are increasingly used in bridge engineering because real environmental and structural response data can be obtained directly. In order to accurately assess bridge conditions and provide basic data for new bridge design, it is important to ensure the quality of the data, and when data are missing, various methods are needed to reconstruct the missing data. In this paper, we propose an EMD-BiLSTM model to reconstruct the missing deflection data by predicting the original data and the decomposed subsequences. The core of this method is to make the data subsequence more correlated by using EMD decomposition, and to obtain the before-and-after correlation of the data subsequence by BiLSTM. The EMD-BiLSTM model can effectively reconstruct the missing bridge deflection data with a root-mean-square error of 0.07759. The subseries of the original data decomposed by EMD improves the prediction accuracy of the BiLSTM model, and the BiLSTM also outperforms other machine learning algorithms to obtain more features of the data.
结构监测系统在桥梁工程中的应用越来越广泛,因为它可以直接获得真实的环境和结构响应数据。为了准确评估桥梁状况,为新桥设计提供基础数据,保证数据的质量至关重要,当数据缺失时,需要各种方法来重建缺失的数据。本文提出了一种EMD-BiLSTM模型,通过预测原始数据和分解后的子序列来重建缺失的偏转数据。该方法的核心是通过EMD分解使数据子序列更加相关,并通过BiLSTM获得数据子序列的前后相关性。EMD-BiLSTM模型可以有效地重建缺失的桥梁挠度数据,均方根误差为0.07759。通过EMD对原始数据的子序列进行分解,提高了BiLSTM模型的预测精度,并且BiLSTM也优于其他机器学习算法,可以获得更多的数据特征。
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引用次数: 0
Research on Generalized Predictive Control of Hybrid Magnetic Bearing System 混合磁轴承系统广义预测控制研究
Pub Date : 2022-11-25 DOI: 10.1109/CAC57257.2022.10055730
Fengwei Yang, Kexin Zhang
A generalized predictive control technique for hybrid magnetic bearings is put forth in this study. Firstly, a nonlinear model is established for the radial freedom of hybrid magnetic bearing, and is then linearized through small perturbation method at the equilibrium point, it is used to develop a generalized predictive controller. Then, the technique’s results proposed on the radial freedom floating control is analyzed together with the interference suppression ability, meanwhile the effect of main control parameters and the performance of the system are analyzed and compared, which contrast the conventional PID control approach. The simulation’s findings indicate that the generalized predictive control system presented has a better dynamic performance and robustness.
本文提出了一种混合磁轴承的广义预测控制技术。首先建立了混合磁轴承径向自由度的非线性模型,然后在平衡点处采用小摄动法进行线性化处理,建立了广义预测控制器。然后,分析了该技术在径向自由浮动控制方面的研究成果及其抑制干扰的能力,同时分析比较了主要控制参数对系统性能的影响,并与传统PID控制方法进行了对比。仿真结果表明,所提出的广义预测控制系统具有较好的动态性能和鲁棒性。
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引用次数: 0
Improved QEM simplification algorithm based on local area feature information constraint 基于局部特征信息约束的改进QEM简化算法
Pub Date : 2022-11-25 DOI: 10.1109/CAC57257.2022.10054862
Hongbin Pan, Xinghui Xiao, Ziwei Huang, Siqi Peng
To address the issue that the traditional Quadric Error Metrics (QEM) simplification algorithm cannot effectively maintain the two crucial visual features of model details and edges, this paper improved the algorithm and proposed a simplification algorithm based on the information constraint of model local area features. The algorithm considered the changes in the average area of the neighborhood grid, the bending degree of the region, and the quality factor of the grid before and after grid simplification, and the amount of information from these changes is combined with the quadratic error measure to form a composite simplification error value. A simpler detection scheme is also given based on the characteristics of the model boundaries and sharp feature areas. The detection results are used as one of the conditions for simplification to avoid oversimplification of the model detail feature areas and protection of the model edges. The experimental findings demonstrate that, compared to the QEM simplification algorithm, this algorithm successfully suppressed the rise in simplification error while retaining model detail characteristics, improving the quality of the simplified model mesh.
针对传统的二次误差度量(Quadric Error Metrics, QEM)简化算法不能有效保持模型细节和边缘这两个关键视觉特征的问题,本文对算法进行了改进,提出了一种基于模型局部特征信息约束的简化算法。该算法考虑了网格化简前后邻域网格平均面积、区域弯曲程度、网格质量因子的变化,并将这些变化的信息量与二次误差测度相结合,形成一个复合化简误差值。基于模型边界和尖锐特征区域的特点,给出了一种更简单的检测方案。将检测结果作为简化的条件之一,避免对模型细节特征区域的过度简化和对模型边缘的保护。实验结果表明,与QEM简化算法相比,该算法在保留模型细节特征的同时,成功抑制了简化误差的上升,提高了简化模型网格的质量。
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引用次数: 0
Interpolation and simulation of autonomous driving camera data for vehicle position synchronization 自动驾驶相机数据的插值与仿真,用于车辆位置同步
Pub Date : 2022-11-25 DOI: 10.1109/CAC57257.2022.10055163
Linguo Chai, Xiangyang Liu, W. Shangguan, Xu Li, B. Cai, Yue Cao
In order to meet the data requirements of the virtual simulation test of autonomous driving, we use the camera’s single-sample video data, interpolate frames to generate multiple camera simulation data. And then realize the simulation of extended front-end perception function at the data level. This paper proposes a video sampling frame simulation reconstruction mechanism based on sampling vehicle pose information in real scenes. Calculate the target position of the simulated vehicle according to the simulation requirements, and establish a simulation node on the sampling path. Taking the position difference between the simulated node and the real node as the offset, the DAIN algorithm is used to insert the image data into the target node. It is possible to realize simulation data generation of autonomous driving camera with variable vehicle speed/sampling frequency. Combined with the camera’s internal and external parameters, the coordinate system transformation of the annotation results is carried out to realize the inheritance of the annotation results of the simulation data. This paper combines the nuScenes open source database to test the authenticity of the synchronous simulation data results. The results show that the mean SSIM of the synchronous simulation image data and the real data is 0.71684, indicating that the simulation data has high authenticity. Based on yolov4, the perceptual function of the simulated data is verified. The average value of the SSIM of the simulated image data and the real data recognition frame is 0.984504795, and the perceptual recognition results are similar. The synchronous mapping result of the marked 3D-BOX box to the simulation data space is correct. Camera simulation data can well meet the needs of autonomous driving development and testing in perception and recognition. It can provide data support for autonomous driving simulation test.
为了满足自动驾驶虚拟仿真测试的数据需求,我们利用摄像机的单样本视频数据,插值帧生成多个摄像机仿真数据。然后在数据层面上实现扩展前端感知函数的仿真。提出了一种基于真实场景中车辆姿态信息采样的视频采样帧仿真重建机制。根据仿真要求计算仿真车辆的目标位置,并在采样路径上建立仿真节点。以模拟节点与真实节点的位置差为偏移量,采用DAIN算法将图像数据插入目标节点。实现变车速/变采样频率的自动驾驶摄像头仿真数据生成是可能的。结合摄像机内外参数,对标注结果进行坐标系变换,实现仿真数据标注结果的继承。本文结合nuScenes开源数据库对同步仿真数据结果的真实性进行了验证。结果表明,同步仿真图像数据与真实数据的平均SSIM为0.71684,表明仿真数据具有较高的真实性。基于yolov4对仿真数据的感知功能进行了验证。仿真图像数据与真实数据识别帧的SSIM平均值为0.984504795,感知识别结果相似。标记的3D-BOX盒到仿真数据空间的同步映射结果正确。摄像头仿真数据可以很好地满足自动驾驶开发和测试在感知和识别方面的需求。可以为自动驾驶仿真测试提供数据支持。
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引用次数: 0
PMSM Deadbeat Predictive Current Control Based on Extreme Learning Machine 基于极限学习机的永磁同步电机无差拍预测电流控制
Pub Date : 2022-11-25 DOI: 10.1109/CAC57257.2022.10055909
Zhichao Chen, Haiyan Gao, Ke Lin, Rong Fu, Zhiyong Lin, Weiqiang Tang
In order to strengthen the tracking performance and robustness of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) system, a deadbeat predictive current control (DPCC) based on extreme learning machine (ELM) is come up. Since PMSM is susceptible to uncertainties such as external disturbances and parameter changes, the uncertainty factors are introduced in the mathematical model. The uncertainty of the system is approximated by the ELM, then the speed tracking of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is realized, and the stability is certificated by establishing the Lyapunov function. In addition, DPCC method of PMSM is proposed, which is equivalent to high-gain proportional control and improves the performance of the PMSM. Finally, the simulation experiments are carried out in nominal case and parameter mismatch case respectively, through the comparative study of system simulation, the results indicate that contrast with the traditional control method, The ELM-DPCC proposed in this paper has better speed tracking performance and robustness.
为了增强永磁同步电机系统的跟踪性能和鲁棒性,提出了一种基于极限学习机的无差拍预测电流控制方法。由于永磁同步电机易受外界干扰和参数变化等不确定因素的影响,在数学模型中引入了不确定因素。通过ELM逼近系统的不确定性,实现了永磁同步电机的速度跟踪,并通过建立Lyapunov函数验证了系统的稳定性。此外,提出了等效于高增益比例控制的永磁同步电机DPCC控制方法,提高了永磁同步电机的性能。最后,分别在标称情况和参数失配情况下进行了仿真实验,通过系统仿真的对比研究,结果表明,与传统控制方法相比,本文提出的ELM-DPCC具有更好的速度跟踪性能和鲁棒性。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2022 China Automation Congress (CAC)
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