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Evaluation of write-back caches for multiple block-sizes 对多个块大小的回写缓存进行评估
Yuguang Wu
Trace-driven simulation of cache memories usually requires enormous disk space to store CPU trace data. On-the-fly simulation avoids this problem by running the simulation while the trace data is being generated. For write-back least-recently-used (LRU) caches, we propose an on-the-fly simulation method, which is a variant of the standard one-pass stack evaluation techniques that evaluates write ratios for multiple block-sizes in a one-pass processing of trace data. It is known that for LRU cache memories, the hit ratios can be found for multiple block-sizes in one-pass trace processing; and for write-back caches, the write ratios can be found for a single block size in one-pass trace processing. Combining these two techniques, this paper proposes a simple one-pass method for write-back LRU caches that evaluates write ratios for multiple block-sizes.<>
跟踪驱动的缓存内存模拟通常需要巨大的磁盘空间来存储CPU跟踪数据。实时仿真通过在生成跟踪数据时运行仿真来避免这个问题。对于最近最少使用的回写(LRU)缓存,我们提出了一种动态模拟方法,它是标准的单遍堆栈评估技术的一种变体,该技术在跟踪数据的单遍处理中评估多个块大小的写比率。众所周知,对于LRU缓存存储器,可以在一次跟踪处理中找到多个块大小的命中率;对于回写缓存,可以在一次跟踪处理中找到单个块大小的写比率。结合这两种技术,本文提出了一种简单的回写LRU缓存的一次通过方法,该方法可以计算多个块大小的写比率。
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引用次数: 3
On the interaction between gateway scheduling and routing 论网关调度与路由的相互作用
I. Matta, A. Shankar
Future computer networks are expected to provide different types of service. For this purpose, new algorithms and protocols have been proposed for gateway scheduling, flow control, and routing. The interaction between these three components is crucial to the performance of the network. Existing work has studied only the interaction between scheduling and flow control, assuming static routing. We investigate the interaction between scheduling and adaptive routing. We view the network as a dynamical system. We apply the Liapunov direct method to derive stability conditions for the routes of different traffic classes. We show how with scheduling support for routing, the routes of the traffic classes can be isolated, thereby improving the overall network performance.<>
未来的计算机网络有望提供不同类型的服务。为此,提出了用于网关调度、流量控制和路由的新算法和协议。这三个组件之间的交互对网络的性能至关重要。现有的工作只研究了调度和流量控制之间的相互作用,假设路由是静态的。我们研究了调度和自适应路由之间的相互作用。我们把网络看作是一个动态系统。我们应用Liapunov直接方法导出了不同交通类别的路径的稳定性条件。我们将展示如何通过对路由的调度支持来隔离流量类的路由,从而提高整体网络性能
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引用次数: 6
XMGM: performance modeling using matrix geometric techniques 使用矩阵几何技术的性能建模
B. Haverkort, A. Moorsel, D. Speelman
Over the last two decades a considerable amount of effort has been put in the development and application of matrix geometric techniques for the analysis of queueing systems of which the (embedded) Markov chain exhibits a regular structure. Most of this work however has been presented in either a mathematical context or an a purely application-oriented context. In this paper we present XMGM, a performance analysis tool which allows its users to easily specify queueing systems in terms of interarrival and service time distributions. XMGM then takes care of the translation of this description to an underlying Markov chain that exhibits a matrix geometric solution. Subsequently, it takes care of the derivation of the measures specified by the user. With XMGM models are specified via C procedure calls. This turns out to be a very flexible approach for modelling queueing systems; it also allows for the easy evaluation of models over parameter ranges.<>
在过去的二十年中,人们在矩阵几何技术的发展和应用上付出了相当大的努力,以分析(嵌入式)马尔可夫链具有规则结构的排队系统。然而,大多数工作都是在数学环境或纯粹面向应用的环境中提出的。在本文中,我们介绍了XMGM,这是一种性能分析工具,它允许用户根据到达间隔和服务时间分布轻松地指定排队系统。然后XMGM负责将此描述转换为显示矩阵几何解的底层马尔可夫链。随后,它负责推导用户指定的度量。对于XMGM,模型是通过C过程调用指定的。这是对排队系统建模的一种非常灵活的方法;它还允许在参数范围内方便地评估模型
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引用次数: 4
Simulation of temporal behaviour based on a synchronous language 基于同步语言的时间行为模拟
C. André, Marie-Agnès Peraldi-Frati
This paper deals with the simulation of the temporal behaviour of "real time systems". First, we characterize a class of applications: "interrupt-driven systems with complex pre-emption mechanisms" and we explain why classical analysis and simulation methods are not sufficient. Then, we introduce a new approach to realistic and efficient simulations of the temporal behaviour of interrupt-driven systems. This approach combines an object-orientated general purpose language (C++) and an imperative synchronous language (Esterel).<>
本文讨论的是“实时系统”的时间行为的模拟。首先,我们描述了一类应用:“具有复杂抢占机制的中断驱动系统”,并解释了为什么经典的分析和模拟方法是不够的。然后,我们引入了一种新的方法来真实有效地模拟中断驱动系统的时间行为。这种方法结合了面向对象的通用语言(c++)和命令式同步语言(Esterel)。
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引用次数: 0
Modeling, performance evaluation, and ordinal optimization of integrated voice/data networks 综合语音/数据网络的建模、性能评估和有序优化
J. Wieselthier, C. M. Barnhart, A. Ephremides
The evaluation of data-packet delay in integrated networks is a difficult problem because the quantity of network resources available for data traffic is time varying and dependent on the voice traffic. We demonstrate that an extremely simple model for data-packet delay, although inaccurate in terms of delay measurements, can provide a remarkably accurate ranking among a number of different control policies. We also address the issues associated with the development of accurate delay models, and develop a simplified model for voice traffic in wireless networks that provides a highly accurate characterization of the time-varying resources used by voice, and hence available for data.<>
综合网络中可用于数据流量的网络资源是时变的,并且依赖于语音流量,因此对数据包延迟的评估是一个难题。我们证明了一个非常简单的数据包延迟模型,尽管在延迟测量方面不准确,但可以在许多不同的控制策略中提供非常准确的排名。我们还解决了与开发准确延迟模型相关的问题,并为无线网络中的语音流量开发了一个简化模型,该模型提供了语音使用的时变资源的高度准确表征,因此可用于数据。
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引用次数: 0
Conflict analysis of multistage interconnection networks 多级互联网络的冲突分析
Yashovardhan R. Potlapalli, D. Agrawal
In most applications, some permutations are used more frequently than others. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the efficiency with which various MINs realize the set of frequently used permutations. It is known that the problem of determining the exact number of passes to realize a permutation is NP-complete. We present an efficient algorithm to determine the upper bound on the number of passes by first finding an O(NlogN) algorithm for conflict detection.<>
在大多数应用程序中,一些排列比其他排列使用得更频繁。因此,有必要确定各种min实现常用置换集的效率。众所周知,确定实现排列的准确次数的问题是np完全的。我们提出了一种有效的算法,通过首先找到一个用于冲突检测的O(NlogN)算法来确定传递次数的上限。
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引用次数: 1
Visualization and performance analysis of formally specified communication protocols 形式化指定的通信协议的可视化和性能分析
M. Walch, A. Wolisz, J. Wolf-Günther
There is an increasing interest in developing performance enhanced extensions of standardised FDTs. We present how simulation and visualization of performance-extended formal specifications can be efficiently supported by the use of a high-level simulation environment. Requirements for selection of a proper environment are formulated and the design principles for a software package, built on top of this environment are presented. The developed software supports both editing and animated stepwise execution of the specifications using peculiar concepts like: actions, processes, operators etc. In addition the execution of simulation with a collection of statistical data and deadlock detection, as well as graphical presentation of results are supported.<>
人们对开发标准化fdt的性能增强扩展越来越感兴趣。我们介绍了如何通过使用高级仿真环境有效地支持性能扩展形式化规范的仿真和可视化。阐述了选择合适环境的要求,并提出了在此环境之上构建软件包的设计原则。开发的软件支持编辑和动画逐步执行的规范使用特殊的概念,如:动作,过程,操作员等。此外,还支持统计数据和死锁检测的模拟执行,以及结果的图形化表示。
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引用次数: 0
Performance of multiple-bus multiprocessor under non-uniform memory reference 非均匀内存引用下多总线多处理器的性能
M. Sayeed, Mohammed Atiquzzaman
Performance evaluation of multiple-bus multiprocessor systems is usually carried out under the assumption of uniform memory reference model. The objective of this paper is to study the performance of multiple bus multiprocessor system in the presence of hot spots. Analytical expressions for the average memory bandwidth and probability of acceptance of prioritized processors have been derived. Two new phenomenon, coined as bumping and knee effect, have been observed in the acceptance probabilities of the processors. The results are validated by simulation results.<>
多总线多处理器系统的性能评估通常是在统一内存参考模型的假设下进行的。本文的目的是研究多总线多处理器系统在存在热点情况下的性能。导出了平均存储器带宽和优先处理机接受概率的解析表达式。在处理器的接受概率中观察到两种新现象,即碰撞效应和膝盖效应。仿真结果验证了结果的正确性
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引用次数: 2
Modeling data migration on CC-NUMA and CC-COMA hierarchical ring architectures 基于CC-NUMA和CC-COMA分层环结构的数据迁移建模
Xiaodong Zhang, Yong Yan
Parallel computing performance on scalable shared-memory architectures depends primarily on the structure of the interconnection networks linking processors to memory modules and on the efficiency of the memory/cache management systems. While Cache Coherence Non-Uniform Memory Access (CC-NUMA) and Cache Only Memory Access (CC-COMA) are two effective memory systems, and the hierarchical ring structure is an efficient interconnection network in hardware. This paper focuses on comparative performance modeling and the evaluation of CC-NUMA and CC-COMA on a hierarchical ring shared-memory architecture.<>
可扩展共享内存架构上的并行计算性能主要取决于连接处理器和内存模块的互连网络的结构以及内存/缓存管理系统的效率。而Cache Coherence Non-Uniform Memory Access (CC-NUMA)和Cache Only Memory Access (CC-COMA)是两种有效的存储系统,分层环结构是一种高效的硬件互连网络。本文重点研究了CC-NUMA和CC-COMA在分层环形共享内存架构上的性能比较建模和评价。
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引用次数: 0
Visual feedback for validation of informal specifications 非正式规范验证的视觉反馈
A. Thakar, W. Cyre
In automatically synthesizing simulation models from informal specifications, the ambiguity of natural language (English) leads to multiple interpretations The authors report on a system, called the Model Generator, which provides visual feedback showing the interpretation of specification statements that have been automatically translated to a knowledge representation called conceptual graphs. The visual feedback is based on a combination of block diagrams and Petri net graphs.<>
在从非正式规范自动合成仿真模型时,自然语言(英语)的模糊性导致了多种解释。作者报告了一个称为模型生成器的系统,该系统提供了可视化反馈,显示了对规范语句的解释,这些解释已被自动转换为称为概念图的知识表示。视觉反馈是基于方框图和Petri网图的组合。
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引用次数: 9
期刊
Proceedings of International Workshop on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Computer and Telecommunication Systems
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