Pub Date : 1999-06-27DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1999.788988
J. Sebastián, A. Fernández, P. Villegas, A. Pernía
This paper deals with the steady-state analysis of AC-to-DC converters which use the recently proposed active input current shaper (AICS) to reduce the line current harmonics in order to comply with the IEC 1000-3-2 specifications. The main equations for many topologies directly derived from the standard ones (forward, flyback, SEPIC, Cuk, half-bridge, full-bridge, push-pull, buck, boost, buck-boost, etc.) have been obtained. Special attention must be paid in the case of the buck topology, which can exhibit a voltage gain with positive and negative slope. Finally, some of the proposed topologies have been experimentally tested.
{"title":"Steady-state analysis of AC-to-DC converters with active input current shaper based on delayed forward output","authors":"J. Sebastián, A. Fernández, P. Villegas, A. Pernía","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1999.788988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1999.788988","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the steady-state analysis of AC-to-DC converters which use the recently proposed active input current shaper (AICS) to reduce the line current harmonics in order to comply with the IEC 1000-3-2 specifications. The main equations for many topologies directly derived from the standard ones (forward, flyback, SEPIC, Cuk, half-bridge, full-bridge, push-pull, buck, boost, buck-boost, etc.) have been obtained. Special attention must be paid in the case of the buck topology, which can exhibit a voltage gain with positive and negative slope. Finally, some of the proposed topologies have been experimentally tested.","PeriodicalId":292317,"journal":{"name":"30th Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference. Record. (Cat. No.99CH36321)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124204792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-06-27DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1999.789019
E. Santi, Zhe Zhang, Slobodan Cuk
A control scheme for unity power factor automatic current shapers operating in discontinuous conduction mode uses constant-frequency peak current mode programming instead of the conventional low-bandwidth voltage mode programming control. The main advantage is that an input current with very low harmonic distortion (THD<1.5%) can be obtained. A potential stability problem of the control is identified and an elegant solution suggested.
{"title":"Low-distortion control of unity-power-factor converters in discontinuous conduction mode","authors":"E. Santi, Zhe Zhang, Slobodan Cuk","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1999.789019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1999.789019","url":null,"abstract":"A control scheme for unity power factor automatic current shapers operating in discontinuous conduction mode uses constant-frequency peak current mode programming instead of the conventional low-bandwidth voltage mode programming control. The main advantage is that an input current with very low harmonic distortion (THD<1.5%) can be obtained. A potential stability problem of the control is identified and an elegant solution suggested.","PeriodicalId":292317,"journal":{"name":"30th Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference. Record. (Cat. No.99CH36321)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116988069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-06-27DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1999.788996
M. Sedighy, S. Dewan, F. Dawson
The application of the internal model control structure for the digital current control of active power filters using voltage-source converters is discussed. Several issues including overshoot-free and fast reference-to-output response, effective cancellation of the source voltage disturbance, and the effect of the sample-and-hold operation on the system performance are addressed. Experimental results obtained from an active filter controlled by a TMS32040 DSP-based system, are reported.
{"title":"Internal model current control of VSC-based active power filters","authors":"M. Sedighy, S. Dewan, F. Dawson","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1999.788996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1999.788996","url":null,"abstract":"The application of the internal model control structure for the digital current control of active power filters using voltage-source converters is discussed. Several issues including overshoot-free and fast reference-to-output response, effective cancellation of the source voltage disturbance, and the effect of the sample-and-hold operation on the system performance are addressed. Experimental results obtained from an active filter controlled by a TMS32040 DSP-based system, are reported.","PeriodicalId":292317,"journal":{"name":"30th Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference. Record. (Cat. No.99CH36321)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117246519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-06-27DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1999.789049
M. Abrate, G. Griva, F. Profumo, A. Tenconi
This paper presents a new method based on the Luenberger observer to estimate the flux and the speed of an induction motor. The method uses different values of the discrete observer matrix computed offline at different speeds in order to keep the poles inside the stability region. As the motor speed changes, the proper observer matrix is selected by the control system: in this way, the dynamic response and the stability of the observer are guaranteed at high speed as well as at low speed. The performance of a 4-pole induction motor drive, using the proposed observer, has been tested. Experimental results are shown up to 12,000 RPM.
{"title":"High speed sensorless fuzzy-like Luenberger observer","authors":"M. Abrate, G. Griva, F. Profumo, A. Tenconi","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1999.789049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1999.789049","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new method based on the Luenberger observer to estimate the flux and the speed of an induction motor. The method uses different values of the discrete observer matrix computed offline at different speeds in order to keep the poles inside the stability region. As the motor speed changes, the proper observer matrix is selected by the control system: in this way, the dynamic response and the stability of the observer are guaranteed at high speed as well as at low speed. The performance of a 4-pole induction motor drive, using the proposed observer, has been tested. Experimental results are shown up to 12,000 RPM.","PeriodicalId":292317,"journal":{"name":"30th Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference. Record. (Cat. No.99CH36321)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130409021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-06-27DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1999.788974
E. Mayer, R. King
A new sampled-data model for the current-mode controlled buck converter includes for the first time the effects of delay in the current loop. Modified z-transforms are used in this new model for constant frequency trailing-edge modulation. Realistic amounts of delay are found to be particularly significant when the buck converter is operating in the continuous conduction mode near the discontinuous conduction mode boundary. The new model is used to predict the loop gain measurements obtained with the digital modulator and with conventional measurement techniques. It is shown that conventional loop gain measurement techniques are insufficient to measure the loop gain in this region of operation. It is also shown that the digital modulator can add a significant amount of delay, thereby altering the loop gain of the circuit being measured. However, if care is taken to minimize this delay, a good loop gain measurement can be achieved. The new model accurately predicts the boundary condition for subharmonic instability. In addition, it reduces to Ridley's current-mode control model for the case of zero delay.
{"title":"Previously unobserved effects of delay on current-mode control","authors":"E. Mayer, R. King","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1999.788974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1999.788974","url":null,"abstract":"A new sampled-data model for the current-mode controlled buck converter includes for the first time the effects of delay in the current loop. Modified z-transforms are used in this new model for constant frequency trailing-edge modulation. Realistic amounts of delay are found to be particularly significant when the buck converter is operating in the continuous conduction mode near the discontinuous conduction mode boundary. The new model is used to predict the loop gain measurements obtained with the digital modulator and with conventional measurement techniques. It is shown that conventional loop gain measurement techniques are insufficient to measure the loop gain in this region of operation. It is also shown that the digital modulator can add a significant amount of delay, thereby altering the loop gain of the circuit being measured. However, if care is taken to minimize this delay, a good loop gain measurement can be achieved. The new model accurately predicts the boundary condition for subharmonic instability. In addition, it reduces to Ridley's current-mode control model for the case of zero delay.","PeriodicalId":292317,"journal":{"name":"30th Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference. Record. (Cat. No.99CH36321)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131335533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-06-27DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1999.785665
B. Tomescu, H.F. VanLandinham
This paper introduces a disturbance rejection formalism from a modern control theory perspective for modeling DC/DC converters and paralleled converter systems using a nonterminated model. Robustness issues are briefly highlighted together with the development of a framework towards using intelligent control, e.g. fuzzy logic, for paralleled supplies. In this way, using digital controllers, one can implement the control strategies directly by writing code. The expanded modeling technique allows the input voltage and output load to be treated as disturbance signals rather than as parameters as is typically done. The motivation is that a DC/DC converter operates as a regulator and the loop dynamics should reject the line voltage and load current variations, which are actually acting as disturbances. Simulation results are discussed for a single converter as well as a paralleled system, both for resistive and constant power loads. Mathematical simulation results are in perfect agreement with usual circuit simulators results.
{"title":"Disturbance rejection and robustness considerations in DC/DC converters","authors":"B. Tomescu, H.F. VanLandinham","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1999.785665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1999.785665","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a disturbance rejection formalism from a modern control theory perspective for modeling DC/DC converters and paralleled converter systems using a nonterminated model. Robustness issues are briefly highlighted together with the development of a framework towards using intelligent control, e.g. fuzzy logic, for paralleled supplies. In this way, using digital controllers, one can implement the control strategies directly by writing code. The expanded modeling technique allows the input voltage and output load to be treated as disturbance signals rather than as parameters as is typically done. The motivation is that a DC/DC converter operates as a regulator and the loop dynamics should reject the line voltage and load current variations, which are actually acting as disturbances. Simulation results are discussed for a single converter as well as a paralleled system, both for resistive and constant power loads. Mathematical simulation results are in perfect agreement with usual circuit simulators results.","PeriodicalId":292317,"journal":{"name":"30th Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference. Record. (Cat. No.99CH36321)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122351889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-06-27DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1999.785661
T. Wu, J. Hung
This paper presents analysis, design and practical consideration of a pulse-density modulation (PDM) controlled series resonant multi-level converter applied for X-ray generators. The proposed converter is operated at 100 kHz and with a maximum output power of 30 kW. The resonant tank of the converter is operated slightly above its resonance to achieve zero voltage switching and low turn-off loss at switching transition resulting in low loss. With the multi-level configuration, the voltage imposed on the switches is only half of the input voltage. A prototype has been implemented and the experimental results have demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed system.
{"title":"A PDM controlled series resonant multi-level converter applied for X-ray generators","authors":"T. Wu, J. Hung","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1999.785661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1999.785661","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents analysis, design and practical consideration of a pulse-density modulation (PDM) controlled series resonant multi-level converter applied for X-ray generators. The proposed converter is operated at 100 kHz and with a maximum output power of 30 kW. The resonant tank of the converter is operated slightly above its resonance to achieve zero voltage switching and low turn-off loss at switching transition resulting in low loss. With the multi-level configuration, the voltage imposed on the switches is only half of the input voltage. A prototype has been implemented and the experimental results have demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed system.","PeriodicalId":292317,"journal":{"name":"30th Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference. Record. (Cat. No.99CH36321)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114516238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-06-27DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1999.789043
Jian Sun, G. Schoneman, D. E. Jenkins
This paper presents the analysis of a zero-voltage switched, half-bridge DC/DC converter suitable for pulse-load applications. A new modeling method that combines sample-data and averaging techniques is developed and applied to this converter. Small-signal characteristics of the converter are then studied based on the linearized averaged model. The converter is found to feature first-order control-to-output responses which allows wide control bandwidth and fast transient responses to be achieved by using simple voltage mode control. Experimental measurements are provided to verify the analysis.
{"title":"Small-signal characterization of a zero-voltage switching DC/DC converter for pulse-load applications","authors":"Jian Sun, G. Schoneman, D. E. Jenkins","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1999.789043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1999.789043","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the analysis of a zero-voltage switched, half-bridge DC/DC converter suitable for pulse-load applications. A new modeling method that combines sample-data and averaging techniques is developed and applied to this converter. Small-signal characteristics of the converter are then studied based on the linearized averaged model. The converter is found to feature first-order control-to-output responses which allows wide control bandwidth and fast transient responses to be achieved by using simple voltage mode control. Experimental measurements are provided to verify the analysis.","PeriodicalId":292317,"journal":{"name":"30th Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference. Record. (Cat. No.99CH36321)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114806079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-06-27DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1999.785639
M. Shvartsas, S. Ben-Yaakov
A SPICE compatible model of high intensity discharge (HID) lamps was developed and verified against experimental results. The model is based on fundamental physical-thermal principles and applies lamp parameters and universal constants. The model was found to faithfully emulate the static and dynamic electrical responses of a high pressure sodium (HPS) lamp under low frequency (50 Hz) and high frequency (30 kHz) excitation.
{"title":"A SPICE compatible model of high intensity discharge lamps","authors":"M. Shvartsas, S. Ben-Yaakov","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1999.785639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1999.785639","url":null,"abstract":"A SPICE compatible model of high intensity discharge (HID) lamps was developed and verified against experimental results. The model is based on fundamental physical-thermal principles and applies lamp parameters and universal constants. The model was found to faithfully emulate the static and dynamic electrical responses of a high pressure sodium (HPS) lamp under low frequency (50 Hz) and high frequency (30 kHz) excitation.","PeriodicalId":292317,"journal":{"name":"30th Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference. Record. (Cat. No.99CH36321)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115898661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-06-27DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1999.789023
E. Rodríguez, O. Hernández, N. Vázquez, J. Arau
This paper presents a novel integrated DC UPS scheme with power factor correction, which offers excellent characteristics in terms of cost, size and efficiency, taking into account a reduced number of power semiconductors. This scheme have the followings characteristics: high power factor, galvanic isolation, fast regulation of the output voltage, high efficiency, and one simple circuit control for the normal, charger and backup operation modes. Design considerations are presented in such a way that the before mentioned characteristics are achieved. An experimental prototype was built to verify the converter characteristics and the obtained experimental results are also included.
{"title":"A novel single stage DC-UPS with power factor correction","authors":"E. Rodríguez, O. Hernández, N. Vázquez, J. Arau","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1999.789023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1999.789023","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel integrated DC UPS scheme with power factor correction, which offers excellent characteristics in terms of cost, size and efficiency, taking into account a reduced number of power semiconductors. This scheme have the followings characteristics: high power factor, galvanic isolation, fast regulation of the output voltage, high efficiency, and one simple circuit control for the normal, charger and backup operation modes. Design considerations are presented in such a way that the before mentioned characteristics are achieved. An experimental prototype was built to verify the converter characteristics and the obtained experimental results are also included.","PeriodicalId":292317,"journal":{"name":"30th Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference. Record. (Cat. No.99CH36321)","volume":"176 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114076869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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