Modern economies run on the backbone of electricity as one of major factors behind industrial development. India is endowed with plenty of natural resources and the majority of electricity within the country is generated from thermal and hydro-electric plants. A few nuclear plants assist in meeting the national requirements for electricity but still many rural areas remain uncovered. As India is primarily a rural agrarian economy, providing electricity to the remote, undeveloped regions of the country remains a top priority of the government. A vital, untapped source is livestock generated biomass which to some extent has been utilized to generate electricity in small scale biogas based plants under the government's thrust on rural development. This study is a preliminary attempt to correlate developments in this arena in the Asian region, as well as the developed world, to explore the possibilities of harnessing this resource in a better manner. The current potential of 2600 million tons of livestock dung generated per year, capable of yielding 263,702 million m3 of biogas is exploited. Our estimates suggest that if this resource is utilized judiciously, it possesses the potential of generating 477 TWh (Terawatt hour) of electrical energy per annum.
{"title":"Potential of Livestock Generated Biomass: Untapped Energy Source in India","authors":"G. Kaur","doi":"10.3390/EN10070847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/EN10070847","url":null,"abstract":"Modern economies run on the backbone of electricity as one of major factors behind industrial development. India is endowed with plenty of natural resources and the majority of electricity within the country is generated from thermal and hydro-electric plants. A few nuclear plants assist in meeting the national requirements for electricity but still many rural areas remain uncovered. As India is primarily a rural agrarian economy, providing electricity to the remote, undeveloped regions of the country remains a top priority of the government. A vital, untapped source is livestock generated biomass which to some extent has been utilized to generate electricity in small scale biogas based plants under the government's thrust on rural development. This study is a preliminary attempt to correlate developments in this arena in the Asian region, as well as the developed world, to explore the possibilities of harnessing this resource in a better manner. The current potential of 2600 million tons of livestock dung generated per year, capable of yielding 263,702 million m3 of biogas is exploited. Our estimates suggest that if this resource is utilized judiciously, it possesses the potential of generating 477 TWh (Terawatt hour) of electrical energy per annum.","PeriodicalId":296234,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Sustainable Development (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129381377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Climate and water supply have always been intimately connected. As a result, a given society’s water law generally reflects climatic realities, including its most common climate disasters. In the future, however, water-related climate disasters are likely to increase in frequency and perhaps even change in kind, because some of the most-predicted consequences of climate change are impacts on water supply, although those impacts will vary from region to region. This chapter examines the roles of water law in addressing three different forms of water-related climate disasters: drought, flooding, and coastal inundation. Each discussion begins with a closer examination of the relevant water-related climate predictions. From a legal perspective, however, the subject of water law and climate disasters is made more complex by the fact that water law systems themselves vary considerably. As such, two issues regarding the role of water law in climate disasters are likely to emerge as most critical: the extent to which a given water law system provides for flexibility in how water supplies are allocated; and the extent to which a given water law system both can adapt existing water supplies to changing ecological realities and can increase the short-term and long-term resilience of the overall water supply to the impacts of climate disasters.
{"title":"Water Law and Climate Disasters","authors":"R. Craig","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2907179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2907179","url":null,"abstract":"Climate and water supply have always been intimately connected. As a result, a given society’s water law generally reflects climatic realities, including its most common climate disasters. In the future, however, water-related climate disasters are likely to increase in frequency and perhaps even change in kind, because some of the most-predicted consequences of climate change are impacts on water supply, although those impacts will vary from region to region. This chapter examines the roles of water law in addressing three different forms of water-related climate disasters: drought, flooding, and coastal inundation. Each discussion begins with a closer examination of the relevant water-related climate predictions. From a legal perspective, however, the subject of water law and climate disasters is made more complex by the fact that water law systems themselves vary considerably. As such, two issues regarding the role of water law in climate disasters are likely to emerge as most critical: the extent to which a given water law system provides for flexibility in how water supplies are allocated; and the extent to which a given water law system both can adapt existing water supplies to changing ecological realities and can increase the short-term and long-term resilience of the overall water supply to the impacts of climate disasters.","PeriodicalId":296234,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Sustainable Development (Topic)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125755225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-06-12DOI: 10.5604/00441600.1240393
P. Yovchevska
The paper attempts to raise certain questions, the answers to which are probably the emanation of the Bulgarian village. What is the reason for its sustainability, manifested and outlined particularly in the transformation periods? In the periods of crisis the village is a social buffer of the society. The sustainability of the village is outlined in the report through a series of indicators. The roots of this process can be tracked in the three-unit chain: man – nature – society. The contemporary rural community upgrades the etymological definition, identifying the village as a settlement whose population is engaged in agriculture. In support of the village sustainability thesis, the report undertakes to reveal the significance of the changes in CAP and its greening. The man and his habitat are among the priorities of the 21st century.
{"title":"The Bulgarian Village: Sustainability in Transformation Mode","authors":"P. Yovchevska","doi":"10.5604/00441600.1240393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/00441600.1240393","url":null,"abstract":"The paper attempts to raise certain questions, the answers to which are probably the emanation of the Bulgarian village. What is the reason for its sustainability, manifested and outlined particularly in the transformation periods? In the periods of crisis the village is a social buffer of the society. The sustainability of the village is outlined in the report through a series of indicators. \u0000The roots of this process can be tracked in the three-unit chain: man – nature – society. The contemporary rural community upgrades the etymological definition, identifying the village as a settlement whose population is engaged in agriculture. In support of the village sustainability thesis, the report undertakes to reveal the significance of the changes in CAP and its greening. The man and his habitat are among the priorities of the 21st century.","PeriodicalId":296234,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Sustainable Development (Topic)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114357184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Reducing the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is vital to mitigate climate change. To date reduction efforts have primarily focused on minimizing the production of carbon dioxide during electricity generation, transport, and other activities. Going forward, to the extent that carbon dioxide continues to be produced, it will need to be captured before release. The captured carbon dioxide can then be utilized in some fashion, or it can be injected into underground geological formations – e.g., depleted oil and gas reserves, deep saline aquifers, or basalt rock reservoirs – where, it is hoped, it will remain permanently sequestered (“carbon capture and storage” or “CCS”). Research is currently being undertaken into the possibility of injecting carbon dioxide into the seabed. One study, involving researchers from Columbia’s Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, aims to identify possible injection sites in the seabed along the northeast coast of the U.S. It is anticipated that, following identification of suitable sites, a demonstration project will be undertaken to assess the feasibility of offshore CCS. This paper outlines key regulatory requirements for the demonstration project and any subsequent commercial operations.
{"title":"Policy Readiness for Offshore Carbon Dioxide Storage in the Northeast","authors":"Romany M. Webb, M. Gerrard","doi":"10.7916/D8WH3241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7916/D8WH3241","url":null,"abstract":"Reducing the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is vital to mitigate climate change. To date reduction efforts have primarily focused on minimizing the production of carbon dioxide during electricity generation, transport, and other activities. Going forward, to the extent that carbon dioxide continues to be produced, it will need to be captured before release. The captured carbon dioxide can then be utilized in some fashion, or it can be injected into underground geological formations – e.g., depleted oil and gas reserves, deep saline aquifers, or basalt rock reservoirs – where, it is hoped, it will remain permanently sequestered (“carbon capture and storage” or “CCS”). \u0000Research is currently being undertaken into the possibility of injecting carbon dioxide into the seabed. One study, involving researchers from Columbia’s Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, aims to identify possible injection sites in the seabed along the northeast coast of the U.S. It is anticipated that, following identification of suitable sites, a demonstration project will be undertaken to assess the feasibility of offshore CCS. This paper outlines key regulatory requirements for the demonstration project and any subsequent commercial operations.","PeriodicalId":296234,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Sustainable Development (Topic)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127704107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The ongoing data revolution, a significantly changed global context through the 2030 agenda and the necessity to use evidence more effectively in development co-operation have led to a clear momentum in international support of data and statistics. The UN World Data Forum in Cape Town represents an important milestone for the global debate, yet in view of the challenges at hand can only be a meaningful starting point. These dynamics need to be addressed at the national level worldwide and require more vigorous and concerted international support. The analysis presented in this paper demonstrates the need to speed up efforts in several regards. Recent years were to some extent supportive in bringing issues on data and statistics to a broader audience and closer to the management level of main stakeholders (including development agencies, partner countries’ government institutions’, etc.). Not least the dynamics of the 2030 Agenda and related initiatives were important elements for a stronger interest in related topics. At the same time the crucial role of data and statistics for the political-economy of countries and of development co-operation actors are often not addressed in discussions beyond rather narrow circles of experts and thus largely fail to translate into more effective co-operation.
{"title":"Realising the Data Revolution for Sustainable Development: Towards Capacity Development 4.0","authors":"N. Keijzer, S. Klingebiel","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2943055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2943055","url":null,"abstract":"The ongoing data revolution, a significantly changed global context through the 2030 agenda and the necessity to use evidence more effectively in development co-operation have led to a clear momentum in international support of data and statistics. The UN World Data Forum in Cape Town represents an important milestone for the global debate, yet in view of the challenges at hand can only be a meaningful starting point. These dynamics need to be addressed at the national level worldwide and require more vigorous and concerted international support. The analysis presented in this paper demonstrates the need to speed up efforts in several regards. Recent years were to some extent supportive in bringing issues on data and statistics to a broader audience and closer to the management level of main stakeholders (including development agencies, partner countries’ government institutions’, etc.). Not least the dynamics of the 2030 Agenda and related initiatives were important elements for a stronger interest in related topics. At the same time the crucial role of data and statistics for the political-economy of countries and of development co-operation actors are often not addressed in discussions beyond rather narrow circles of experts and thus largely fail to translate into more effective co-operation.","PeriodicalId":296234,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Sustainable Development (Topic)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124341795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-28DOI: 10.6084/M9.FIGSHARE.4807393.V1
Md. Mahmudul Alam, C. Siwar, B. Talib, A. Jaafar, M. Toriman
The agriculture of Malaysia is one of the most vulnerable sectors due to the rapid changes in climatic factors in Malaysia. In order to face and manage the situation, farmers are trying in various ways and government and other external agencies are providing several supports to adapt to these climatic vulnerabilities. Still, there is a gap between farmers’ adaptability and adverse impacts of climatic change. Here, sustainability of agriculture and relevant livelihood is strongly dependent on the external supports, and farmers also expect to increase this level. Now, the focus on farmers’ adaptability to climate change needs to go beyond the incentive and subsidy. They also need trainings, conceptual supports, and technological innovations. This study finds out the required supports that farmers need to adapt to climate change through a questionnaire survey on 198 paddy producing farmers in the area of Integrated Agricultural Development Area (IADA), North-West Selangor, Malaysia. The data of the study has been analyzed by descriptive statistics, ordered regression, percentile, and scale analysis. The findings of the study are important for the policy makers and relevant agencies.
{"title":"Farmers’ Perceptions Study on Required Supports for Climate Change Adaptation in Malaysia","authors":"Md. Mahmudul Alam, C. Siwar, B. Talib, A. Jaafar, M. Toriman","doi":"10.6084/M9.FIGSHARE.4807393.V1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6084/M9.FIGSHARE.4807393.V1","url":null,"abstract":"The agriculture of Malaysia is one of the most vulnerable sectors due to the rapid changes in climatic factors in Malaysia. In order to face and manage the situation, farmers are trying in various ways and government and other external agencies are providing several supports to adapt to these climatic vulnerabilities. Still, there is a gap between farmers’ adaptability and adverse impacts of climatic change. Here, sustainability of agriculture and relevant livelihood is strongly dependent on the external supports, and farmers also expect to increase this level. Now, the focus on farmers’ adaptability to climate change needs to go beyond the incentive and subsidy. They also need trainings, conceptual supports, and technological innovations. This study finds out the required supports that farmers need to adapt to climate change through a questionnaire survey on 198 paddy producing farmers in the area of Integrated Agricultural Development Area (IADA), North-West Selangor, Malaysia. The data of the study has been analyzed by descriptive statistics, ordered regression, percentile, and scale analysis. The findings of the study are important for the policy makers and relevant agencies.","PeriodicalId":296234,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Sustainable Development (Topic)","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122815575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sustainability advocates for a universally shared common vision of progress towards a society that is just, safe and sustainable for humanity. Beyond environmental protection, the concept recognizes the urgent need to improve life quality through strategies that build socio-economic growth and address a wide range of cross cutting issues. While consensus abound that a more sustainable society serves everyone, opinions on what sustainability means and how it can be achieved are diverse. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), through the 2030 Vision and the 2020 National Transformation Program (NTP) outlines an agenda for a more balanced growth and socio-economic development. The extent to which the vision systematically aligns with sustainability principles, however, remains unexplored. This research is a maiden attempt to investigate how much sustainability substance is in the 2030 Vision and the NTP of Saudi Arabia. The Sustainable Society Index (SSI) has been employed to examine the 2030 Vision and the NTP to understand the Kingdom’s commitment to building resilient, inclusive and sustainable societies. The vision and NTP texts were matched against five broad measures and 22 sub-measures of the SSI to identity the points of convergence. While both the 2030 Vision and the NTP align with the SSI measures in some respect, the goals and objectives are, at best, a reflection of the needs, aspirations and context of Saudi Arabia. The paper concludes that the success of the 2030 Vision rests on the active involvement and empowerment of relevant stakeholders at all levels as well as the development of comprehensive assessment mechanisms based on which to measure progress towards sustainability.
{"title":"Sustainability Matters in National Development Visions—Evidence from Saudi Arabia's Vision for 2030","authors":"Habib M. Alshuwaikhat, I. Mohammed","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2934426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2934426","url":null,"abstract":"Sustainability advocates for a universally shared common vision of progress towards a society that is just, safe and sustainable for humanity. Beyond environmental protection, the concept recognizes the urgent need to improve life quality through strategies that build socio-economic growth and address a wide range of cross cutting issues. While consensus abound that a more sustainable society serves everyone, opinions on what sustainability means and how it can be achieved are diverse. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), through the 2030 Vision and the 2020 National Transformation Program (NTP) outlines an agenda for a more balanced growth and socio-economic development. The extent to which the vision systematically aligns with sustainability principles, however, remains unexplored. This research is a maiden attempt to investigate how much sustainability substance is in the 2030 Vision and the NTP of Saudi Arabia. The Sustainable Society Index (SSI) has been employed to examine the 2030 Vision and the NTP to understand the Kingdom’s commitment to building resilient, inclusive and sustainable societies. The vision and NTP texts were matched against five broad measures and 22 sub-measures of the SSI to identity the points of convergence. While both the 2030 Vision and the NTP align with the SSI measures in some respect, the goals and objectives are, at best, a reflection of the needs, aspirations and context of Saudi Arabia. The paper concludes that the success of the 2030 Vision rests on the active involvement and empowerment of relevant stakeholders at all levels as well as the development of comprehensive assessment mechanisms based on which to measure progress towards sustainability.","PeriodicalId":296234,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Sustainable Development (Topic)","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125900004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A healthy workplace culture is necessary for organizations if we are to reap fully the benefits of advancement in technology, finance, and infrastructure. In absence of the values and beliefs which guide the behaviour of people in organizations for a harmonious and coordinated work, the development initiatives may not be sustained. On the one hand, human race has achieved significant advancement of information technology, communications and other physical infrastructure, on the other hand our employed youth is experiencing an increased interpersonal conflict, perceived injustice and stress across different organizational settings which results in lack of motivation and the underutilization of talent. Since majority developmental work is achieved through organizations, and organizations are a group of people who come together for a common purpose; the culture of these organizations shapes and governs the quality and output of human interactions which result in organizational outputs. This paper suggests cultural governance as a model for effectiveness of organizations for sustainable development.
{"title":"Cultural Governance and Sustainable Development","authors":"I. Rao","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2952709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2952709","url":null,"abstract":"A healthy workplace culture is necessary for organizations if we are to reap fully the benefits of advancement in technology, finance, and infrastructure. In absence of the values and beliefs which guide the behaviour of people in organizations for a harmonious and coordinated work, the development initiatives may not be sustained. On the one hand, human race has achieved significant advancement of information technology, communications and other physical infrastructure, on the other hand our employed youth is experiencing an increased interpersonal conflict, perceived injustice and stress across different organizational settings which results in lack of motivation and the underutilization of talent. Since majority developmental work is achieved through organizations, and organizations are a group of people who come together for a common purpose; the culture of these organizations shapes and governs the quality and output of human interactions which result in organizational outputs. This paper suggests cultural governance as a model for effectiveness of organizations for sustainable development.","PeriodicalId":296234,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Sustainable Development (Topic)","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121050307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The global population is expected to touch 9 billion by 2050. A significant proportion of that will be urban population; this will require a huge increase in agricultural productivity. At the same time, agricultural activity is highly energy and resource intensive. Therefore we need an integrated solution to cultivate our food for the people by using resources in a sustainable manner. I explain an idea to build a structure which will harness solar and wind power in an integrated manner. Additionally it will provide water harvesting facilities also. Using the renewable energy and harvested water, we can grow food. At the same time it will also protect the inhabitants of settlements in the structure from rain, sunlight and inclement weather. I call it the Canop-E Project. I discuss about the various aspects of the Canop-E Project. The paper concludes by analysing the benefits of a Canop-E unit.
{"title":"Canop-E: A Sustainable and Inclusive Solution for Modern Living","authors":"Kartik Hegadekatti","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2888383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2888383","url":null,"abstract":"The global population is expected to touch 9 billion by 2050. A significant proportion of that will be urban population; this will require a huge increase in agricultural productivity. At the same time, agricultural activity is highly energy and resource intensive. Therefore we need an integrated solution to cultivate our food for the people by using resources in a sustainable manner. I explain an idea to build a structure which will harness solar and wind power in an integrated manner. Additionally it will provide water harvesting facilities also. Using the renewable energy and harvested water, we can grow food. At the same time it will also protect the inhabitants of settlements in the structure from rain, sunlight and inclement weather. I call it the Canop-E Project. I discuss about the various aspects of the Canop-E Project. The paper concludes by analysing the benefits of a Canop-E unit.","PeriodicalId":296234,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Sustainable Development (Topic)","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127015558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Agricultural sector contributes significantly to sustainable economic development of the country. The sustainable agriculture development of any country depends upon the judicious mix of their available natural resources. Therefore if agriculture goes wrong, it will be really bad for the economy as the falling of agricultural growth not only affects employment but GDP too. India is in process of transforming its agricultural extension and technology transfer systems to become more demand-driven and responsive to farmers’ needs. There is need to develop skill and knowledge on scientific agriculture. Its wide extension system could be visualized through these facts India has second largest extension system in the world in terms of professional and technical staff. The main objectives of the study is: Know the profile of agricultural input agents and stress experienced. The investigator selected two districts in Tamil Nadu, namely Districts are Coimbatore and Erode, in Coimbatore district Coimbatore and Erode district, sathayamangalam block was choose for the research with 40 sample. Data was collected through questionnaire tools. The findings of the study Cent percent of agricultural input agents had bank account, forty percent of them having account in state bank. Eighty percent had saving account and forty three percent having account for business transaction. Seventy five percent were facing stress. Forty percent of them facing occupational stress, whereas thirteen percent agricultural input agents facing stress because of no customers. Seventy five percent of agricultural input agents agree that they used to talk with customers. Followed by input agents agree that they have good manner. Twelve percent input agents agree that they are not satisfied with their works.
{"title":"Assessment of Stress Experienced by Agricultural Input Agent's Dealers","authors":"Jugamaya Gogoi, Dr. S. Rajalakshmi","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2871487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2871487","url":null,"abstract":"Agricultural sector contributes significantly to sustainable economic development of the country. The sustainable agriculture development of any country depends upon the judicious mix of their available natural resources. Therefore if agriculture goes wrong, it will be really bad for the economy as the falling of agricultural growth not only affects employment but GDP too. India is in process of transforming its agricultural extension and technology transfer systems to become more demand-driven and responsive to farmers’ needs. There is need to develop skill and knowledge on scientific agriculture. Its wide extension system could be visualized through these facts India has second largest extension system in the world in terms of professional and technical staff. The main objectives of the study is: Know the profile of agricultural input agents and stress experienced. The investigator selected two districts in Tamil Nadu, namely Districts are Coimbatore and Erode, in Coimbatore district Coimbatore and Erode district, sathayamangalam block was choose for the research with 40 sample. Data was collected through questionnaire tools. The findings of the study Cent percent of agricultural input agents had bank account, forty percent of them having account in state bank. Eighty percent had saving account and forty three percent having account for business transaction. Seventy five percent were facing stress. Forty percent of them facing occupational stress, whereas thirteen percent agricultural input agents facing stress because of no customers. Seventy five percent of agricultural input agents agree that they used to talk with customers. Followed by input agents agree that they have good manner. Twelve percent input agents agree that they are not satisfied with their works.","PeriodicalId":296234,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Sustainable Development (Topic)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115794626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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