Pub Date : 2017-04-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGT.2017.8086009
Jian Ma, Scott Feuerborn, Clifton Black, V. Venkatasubramanian
Incorporating synchrophasor technologies into realtime operations greatly increases system operators' situational awareness of grid activities. In this paper, we present a suite of software system (named Grid Stability Awareness System — GSAS) to monitor and analyze power grid real-time stability using wide-area synchrophasor measurements. GSAS consists of five analytical and monitoring tools including an Oscillation Monitoring Tool, a Voltage Stability Monitoring Tool, and a Transient Instability Monitoring Tool, an Angle Difference Monitoring Tool and an Event Detection Tool. Working together, these tools are able to address the three key stability problems in a power grid, i.e., small signal stability, voltage stability and transient stability. The architecture of GSAS is described, and key features and functionalities of the five monitoring tools are also discussed in the paper.
{"title":"A comprehensive software suite for power grid stability monitoring based on synchrophasor measurements","authors":"Jian Ma, Scott Feuerborn, Clifton Black, V. Venkatasubramanian","doi":"10.1109/ISGT.2017.8086009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT.2017.8086009","url":null,"abstract":"Incorporating synchrophasor technologies into realtime operations greatly increases system operators' situational awareness of grid activities. In this paper, we present a suite of software system (named Grid Stability Awareness System — GSAS) to monitor and analyze power grid real-time stability using wide-area synchrophasor measurements. GSAS consists of five analytical and monitoring tools including an Oscillation Monitoring Tool, a Voltage Stability Monitoring Tool, and a Transient Instability Monitoring Tool, an Angle Difference Monitoring Tool and an Event Detection Tool. Working together, these tools are able to address the three key stability problems in a power grid, i.e., small signal stability, voltage stability and transient stability. The architecture of GSAS is described, and key features and functionalities of the five monitoring tools are also discussed in the paper.","PeriodicalId":296398,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115325444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGT.2017.8086055
E. Blood
Electrical power transmission systems are susceptible to dynamic transients that can result in out-of-step conditions. These conditions can result in potentially damaging stresses to rotating equipment attached to the grid. When these conditions are identified, mitigation actions typically involve separation of the out-of-step portions of the power system. Unplanned separation can lead to system instability and cascading outages. This paper proposes a new adaptive method that provides both early detection of potentially unstable transient situations and specific control parameters by which to stabilize the system without resorting to separation.
{"title":"Adaptive mitigation of out-of-step transients based on equal area criterion and energy balance","authors":"E. Blood","doi":"10.1109/ISGT.2017.8086055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT.2017.8086055","url":null,"abstract":"Electrical power transmission systems are susceptible to dynamic transients that can result in out-of-step conditions. These conditions can result in potentially damaging stresses to rotating equipment attached to the grid. When these conditions are identified, mitigation actions typically involve separation of the out-of-step portions of the power system. Unplanned separation can lead to system instability and cascading outages. This paper proposes a new adaptive method that provides both early detection of potentially unstable transient situations and specific control parameters by which to stabilize the system without resorting to separation.","PeriodicalId":296398,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117027132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGT.2017.8086087
Tamal Roy, Avijit Das, Z. Ni
Demand side management at the utility level is facing challenges of managing the peak demands since electricity cannot be stored in bulk so the utility has to match demand at any point in time. Scheduling of electrical appliances and proper design of the electricity tariffs are some of the optimization schemes used to reduce these peaks. With proper optimization scheme, the household consumer will be motivated to either shift their loads from peaking periods or reduce their consumption. In this paper, a residential community of three houses are considered with different electric appliances. Genetic algorithm (GA) and dynamic programming (DP) based smart appliance scheduling schemes and time-of-use pricing are employed for comparative studies with demand response. The optimization control approaches are capable of solving energy optimization problem of a small community. Three types of houses, with real-world appliances, and with different power consumption are compared under energy management benchmark problem. The simulation results discuss the impact of priority of using household appliances in terms of customer comfort-level and cost minimization. The optimization performance of control approaches are also validated with several different priority conditions of household appliances.
{"title":"Optimization in load scheduling of a residential community using dynamic pricing","authors":"Tamal Roy, Avijit Das, Z. Ni","doi":"10.1109/ISGT.2017.8086087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT.2017.8086087","url":null,"abstract":"Demand side management at the utility level is facing challenges of managing the peak demands since electricity cannot be stored in bulk so the utility has to match demand at any point in time. Scheduling of electrical appliances and proper design of the electricity tariffs are some of the optimization schemes used to reduce these peaks. With proper optimization scheme, the household consumer will be motivated to either shift their loads from peaking periods or reduce their consumption. In this paper, a residential community of three houses are considered with different electric appliances. Genetic algorithm (GA) and dynamic programming (DP) based smart appliance scheduling schemes and time-of-use pricing are employed for comparative studies with demand response. The optimization control approaches are capable of solving energy optimization problem of a small community. Three types of houses, with real-world appliances, and with different power consumption are compared under energy management benchmark problem. The simulation results discuss the impact of priority of using household appliances in terms of customer comfort-level and cost minimization. The optimization performance of control approaches are also validated with several different priority conditions of household appliances.","PeriodicalId":296398,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117310008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGT.2017.8086056
Yachen Tang, Shuaidong Zhao, C. Ten, Kuilin Zhang
Real-time monitoring has become a critical part of distribution network operation that enhances the control and automation capabilities as metering technologies evolve. The metering infrastructure has further extended from feeder head of a substation throughout the entire feeder loads. Despite installations of “smart” meters and related recording devices are increasing rapidly, the measurable area does not reach the ideal status that each load should be installed with a “smart” meter to constantly observe the electric information. This paper proposes a statistical approach to correlate estimated occupancy datasets of buildings with smart meter building associated with a partially observable distribution feeder. This study includes a sensitivity analysis of occupancy how it can affect load consumptions with or without the temperature load. This also creates a general load profile for other unmetered buildings within the distribution feeder where the feeder head is assumed to be observable that can be utilized to establish statistical models for unmetered buildings. A survey of occupants between buildings has been conducted to ensure consistent human movement. A statistical distribution with hybrid regression models is then formed to correlate feeder consumption with the individual building occupancy. This study is to compare statistical norms with fitting parameters that can be applied throughout all buildings with similar load profiles. The proposed method has been validated using campus metering and static occupancy datasets.
{"title":"Enhancement of distribution load modeling using statistical hybrid regression","authors":"Yachen Tang, Shuaidong Zhao, C. Ten, Kuilin Zhang","doi":"10.1109/ISGT.2017.8086056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT.2017.8086056","url":null,"abstract":"Real-time monitoring has become a critical part of distribution network operation that enhances the control and automation capabilities as metering technologies evolve. The metering infrastructure has further extended from feeder head of a substation throughout the entire feeder loads. Despite installations of “smart” meters and related recording devices are increasing rapidly, the measurable area does not reach the ideal status that each load should be installed with a “smart” meter to constantly observe the electric information. This paper proposes a statistical approach to correlate estimated occupancy datasets of buildings with smart meter building associated with a partially observable distribution feeder. This study includes a sensitivity analysis of occupancy how it can affect load consumptions with or without the temperature load. This also creates a general load profile for other unmetered buildings within the distribution feeder where the feeder head is assumed to be observable that can be utilized to establish statistical models for unmetered buildings. A survey of occupants between buildings has been conducted to ensure consistent human movement. A statistical distribution with hybrid regression models is then formed to correlate feeder consumption with the individual building occupancy. This study is to compare statistical norms with fitting parameters that can be applied throughout all buildings with similar load profiles. The proposed method has been validated using campus metering and static occupancy datasets.","PeriodicalId":296398,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124768871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGT.2017.8086014
N. Kumar
State of power system is often determined by taking simultaneous measurements across the grid. However, in developing countries with geographically expansive grid, if the measurements are not GPS time-stamped there are latencies owing to distance of sensor from control center or communication system performance. The latency and resulting time-skews in data fed as input to state estimator program may either be removed as bad data and also result in lack of convergence or poor state estimation. This research report describes a novel approach to detect and correct of time-skewed SCADA data which would help State-estimator with (a) more measurements data that would otherwise be discarded by bad-data detection module and (b) accurate time-aligned data to make a reliable estimation of Power system state.
{"title":"Detection and correction of time-skew in SCADA measurement","authors":"N. Kumar","doi":"10.1109/ISGT.2017.8086014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT.2017.8086014","url":null,"abstract":"State of power system is often determined by taking simultaneous measurements across the grid. However, in developing countries with geographically expansive grid, if the measurements are not GPS time-stamped there are latencies owing to distance of sensor from control center or communication system performance. The latency and resulting time-skews in data fed as input to state estimator program may either be removed as bad data and also result in lack of convergence or poor state estimation. This research report describes a novel approach to detect and correct of time-skewed SCADA data which would help State-estimator with (a) more measurements data that would otherwise be discarded by bad-data detection module and (b) accurate time-aligned data to make a reliable estimation of Power system state.","PeriodicalId":296398,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129440809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGT.2017.8086085
T. Routtenberg, Yao Xie
In this paper, the problem of online change-point detection of voltage imbalance in a three-phase power system using phasor measurement unit (PMU) data is considered within a sequential hypothesis-testing framework. A general model for the positive-sequence data from a PMU measurement at the time domain and off-nominal frequencies is presented. The new formulation, which assumes an additional Gaussian noise, enables fast online detection of imbalance. Closed-form expressions of the cumulative sum (CUSUM) and generalized likelihood ratio (GLR) tests are developed for detection of imbalances. The performance of the change-point detection procedures is evaluated using the average-run-length and the expected detection delay. Numerical simulations show that the proposed method can be used for enhanced situational awareness in future grid management systems and demonstrate the ability to inform strategies for advancing grid capabilities by using change-point detection methods.
{"title":"PMU-based online change-point detection of imbalance in three-phase power systems","authors":"T. Routtenberg, Yao Xie","doi":"10.1109/ISGT.2017.8086085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT.2017.8086085","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the problem of online change-point detection of voltage imbalance in a three-phase power system using phasor measurement unit (PMU) data is considered within a sequential hypothesis-testing framework. A general model for the positive-sequence data from a PMU measurement at the time domain and off-nominal frequencies is presented. The new formulation, which assumes an additional Gaussian noise, enables fast online detection of imbalance. Closed-form expressions of the cumulative sum (CUSUM) and generalized likelihood ratio (GLR) tests are developed for detection of imbalances. The performance of the change-point detection procedures is evaluated using the average-run-length and the expected detection delay. Numerical simulations show that the proposed method can be used for enhanced situational awareness in future grid management systems and demonstrate the ability to inform strategies for advancing grid capabilities by using change-point detection methods.","PeriodicalId":296398,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129485941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGT.2017.8086026
H. M. Maruf, B. Chowdhury, M. Manjrekar
Voltage Source Converter (VSC) based multi-terminal HVDC transmission system is an effective and reliable way for integrating off-shore wind power generations with onshore AC grid. In this paper, decoupled control of active and reactive power flow is established by modelling VSC controllers in synchronous d-q reference frame. A four terminal VSC-HVDC system is developed in PSCAD/EMTDC and simulated to observe voltage margin and voltage droop control. Simulation results show robust performance of the MT-HVDC system during normal as well as system disturbance condition. Power sharing coordination between grid side converters and DC link voltage regulation are done without any communication link which is an important aspect of using VSC based HVDC.
{"title":"Power sharing control in VSC based MT-HVDC for integration of off-shore power generation","authors":"H. M. Maruf, B. Chowdhury, M. Manjrekar","doi":"10.1109/ISGT.2017.8086026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT.2017.8086026","url":null,"abstract":"Voltage Source Converter (VSC) based multi-terminal HVDC transmission system is an effective and reliable way for integrating off-shore wind power generations with onshore AC grid. In this paper, decoupled control of active and reactive power flow is established by modelling VSC controllers in synchronous d-q reference frame. A four terminal VSC-HVDC system is developed in PSCAD/EMTDC and simulated to observe voltage margin and voltage droop control. Simulation results show robust performance of the MT-HVDC system during normal as well as system disturbance condition. Power sharing coordination between grid side converters and DC link voltage regulation are done without any communication link which is an important aspect of using VSC based HVDC.","PeriodicalId":296398,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124329879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGT.2017.8086032
Rui Yang, Y. Zhang
Designing market mechanisms for electricity distribution systems has been a hot topic due to the increased presence of smart loads and distributed energy resources (DERs) in distribution systems. The distribution locational marginal pricing (DLMP) methodology is one of the real-time pricing methods to enable such market mechanisms and provide economic incentives to active market participants. Determining the DLMP is challenging due to high power losses, the voltage volatility, and the phase imbalance in distribution systems. Existing DC Optimal Power Flow (OPF) approaches are unable to model power losses and the reactive power, while single-phase AC OPF methods cannot capture the phase imbalance. To address these challenges, in this paper, a three-phase AC OPF based approach is developed to define and calculate DLMP accurately. The DLMP is modeled as the marginal cost to serve an incremental unit of demand at a specific phase at a certain bus, and is calculated using the Lagrange multipliers in the three-phase AC OPF formulation. Extensive case studies have been conducted to understand the impact of system losses and the phase imbalance on DLMPs as well as the potential benefits of flexible resources.
{"title":"Three-phase AC optimal power flow based distribution locational marginal price","authors":"Rui Yang, Y. Zhang","doi":"10.1109/ISGT.2017.8086032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT.2017.8086032","url":null,"abstract":"Designing market mechanisms for electricity distribution systems has been a hot topic due to the increased presence of smart loads and distributed energy resources (DERs) in distribution systems. The distribution locational marginal pricing (DLMP) methodology is one of the real-time pricing methods to enable such market mechanisms and provide economic incentives to active market participants. Determining the DLMP is challenging due to high power losses, the voltage volatility, and the phase imbalance in distribution systems. Existing DC Optimal Power Flow (OPF) approaches are unable to model power losses and the reactive power, while single-phase AC OPF methods cannot capture the phase imbalance. To address these challenges, in this paper, a three-phase AC OPF based approach is developed to define and calculate DLMP accurately. The DLMP is modeled as the marginal cost to serve an incremental unit of demand at a specific phase at a certain bus, and is calculated using the Lagrange multipliers in the three-phase AC OPF formulation. Extensive case studies have been conducted to understand the impact of system losses and the phase imbalance on DLMPs as well as the potential benefits of flexible resources.","PeriodicalId":296398,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125601605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGT.2017.8086019
T. Masaud, Christopher. O. E. Ukah, R. Mistry, R. Challoo
This paper investigates the problem of placement and sizing of large scale utility owned distributed generator (DG units) and parallel reactive power compensation to achieve a high loss reduction in large-scale primary distribution networks. The paper adopts a probabilistic approach to detect the candidate line to install DG (Line with the highest losses). In addition, a method to quantify reactive power compensation requirements for DG installation based on a desired line loss reduction percentage is proposed. IEEE 5-Bus test system is used as a test system in this study. Simulation results have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.
{"title":"Placement and sizing of parallel reactive power compensation in the presence of distributed generation for line loss reduction","authors":"T. Masaud, Christopher. O. E. Ukah, R. Mistry, R. Challoo","doi":"10.1109/ISGT.2017.8086019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT.2017.8086019","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the problem of placement and sizing of large scale utility owned distributed generator (DG units) and parallel reactive power compensation to achieve a high loss reduction in large-scale primary distribution networks. The paper adopts a probabilistic approach to detect the candidate line to install DG (Line with the highest losses). In addition, a method to quantify reactive power compensation requirements for DG installation based on a desired line loss reduction percentage is proposed. IEEE 5-Bus test system is used as a test system in this study. Simulation results have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.","PeriodicalId":296398,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131373516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-01DOI: 10.1109/ISGT.2017.8086036
Jiyu Wang, Xiangqi Zhu, D. Lubkeman, N. Lu, N. Samaan
This paper presents a method for conducting continuation power flow simulation on high-solar penetration distribution feeders. A load disaggregation method is developed to disaggregate the daily feeder load profiles collected in substations down to each load node, where the electricity consumption of residential houses and commercial buildings are modeled using actual data collected from single family houses and commercial buildings. This allows the modeling of power flow and voltage profile along a distribution feeder on a continuing fashion for a 24-hour period at minute-by-minute resolution. By separating the feeder into load zones based on the distance between the load node and the feeder head, we studied the impact of PV penetration on distribution grid operation in different seasons and under different weather conditions for different PV placements.
{"title":"Continuation power flow analysis for PV integration studies at distribution feeders","authors":"Jiyu Wang, Xiangqi Zhu, D. Lubkeman, N. Lu, N. Samaan","doi":"10.1109/ISGT.2017.8086036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT.2017.8086036","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a method for conducting continuation power flow simulation on high-solar penetration distribution feeders. A load disaggregation method is developed to disaggregate the daily feeder load profiles collected in substations down to each load node, where the electricity consumption of residential houses and commercial buildings are modeled using actual data collected from single family houses and commercial buildings. This allows the modeling of power flow and voltage profile along a distribution feeder on a continuing fashion for a 24-hour period at minute-by-minute resolution. By separating the feeder into load zones based on the distance between the load node and the feeder head, we studied the impact of PV penetration on distribution grid operation in different seasons and under different weather conditions for different PV placements.","PeriodicalId":296398,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT)","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131758164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：