Pub Date : 2017-04-23DOI: 10.1109/ISGT.2017.8085963
N. Karthikeyan, Basanta Raj Pokhrel, J. Pillai, B. Bak‐Jensen
In this paper, the control objectives of future active distribution networks with high penetration of renewables and flexible loads are analyzed and reviewed. From a state of the art review, the important control objectives seen from the perspective of a distribution system operator are identified to be hosting capacity improvement, high reliable operation and cost effective network management. Based on this review and a state of the art review concerning future distribution network control methods, a multi-level control architecture is constructed for an active distribution network, which satisfies the selected control objectives and provides enhanced flexibility. The control architecture is supported by generation/load forecasting and distribution state estimation techniques to improve the controllability of the network. The multi-level control architecture consists of three levels of hierarchical control and an improved interface to the transmission system operator. The functions and the appropriate control methods to be used in each control level are described based on the state of the art review. A combined control action of these control layers is aimed for efficient co-ordination and management of the network assets at different voltage levels and geographical locations. The paper finally shows the applicability of the multi-level control architecture to some of the key challenges in the distribution system operation by relevant scenarios.
{"title":"Multi-level control framework for enhanced flexibility of active distribution network","authors":"N. Karthikeyan, Basanta Raj Pokhrel, J. Pillai, B. Bak‐Jensen","doi":"10.1109/ISGT.2017.8085963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT.2017.8085963","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the control objectives of future active distribution networks with high penetration of renewables and flexible loads are analyzed and reviewed. From a state of the art review, the important control objectives seen from the perspective of a distribution system operator are identified to be hosting capacity improvement, high reliable operation and cost effective network management. Based on this review and a state of the art review concerning future distribution network control methods, a multi-level control architecture is constructed for an active distribution network, which satisfies the selected control objectives and provides enhanced flexibility. The control architecture is supported by generation/load forecasting and distribution state estimation techniques to improve the controllability of the network. The multi-level control architecture consists of three levels of hierarchical control and an improved interface to the transmission system operator. The functions and the appropriate control methods to be used in each control level are described based on the state of the art review. A combined control action of these control layers is aimed for efficient co-ordination and management of the network assets at different voltage levels and geographical locations. The paper finally shows the applicability of the multi-level control architecture to some of the key challenges in the distribution system operation by relevant scenarios.","PeriodicalId":296398,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114888056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-23DOI: 10.1109/ISGT.2017.8085966
E. Ebeid, R. Jacobsen, F. Stefanni, D. Quaglia
The future smart power grid will consist of an unlimited number of smart devices that communicate with control units to maintain the grid's sustainability, efficiency, and balancing. In order to build and verify such controllers over a large grid, a scalable simulation environment is needed. This paper presents an open source smart grid simulator (SGSim). The simulator is based on open source SystemC Network Simulation Library (SCNSL) and aims to model scalable smart grid applications. SGSim has been tested under different smart grid scenarios that contain hundreds of thousands of households and appliances. By using SGSim, different smart grid control strategies and protocols can be tested, validated and evaluated in a scalable environment.
{"title":"Scalable open source smart grid simulator (SGSim)","authors":"E. Ebeid, R. Jacobsen, F. Stefanni, D. Quaglia","doi":"10.1109/ISGT.2017.8085966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT.2017.8085966","url":null,"abstract":"The future smart power grid will consist of an unlimited number of smart devices that communicate with control units to maintain the grid's sustainability, efficiency, and balancing. In order to build and verify such controllers over a large grid, a scalable simulation environment is needed. This paper presents an open source smart grid simulator (SGSim). The simulator is based on open source SystemC Network Simulation Library (SCNSL) and aims to model scalable smart grid applications. SGSim has been tested under different smart grid scenarios that contain hundreds of thousands of households and appliances. By using SGSim, different smart grid control strategies and protocols can be tested, validated and evaluated in a scalable environment.","PeriodicalId":296398,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133905183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-23DOI: 10.1109/ISGT.2017.8085969
W. Hartmann
Distributed Energy Resource (DER) continues to make inroads into our distribution systems. This paper explores the impact of DER on distribution Volt/VAr optimization (VVO). Presented is a novel method of coordinating on-load tapchanger (OLTC) to line capacitor (CAP) banks and active VAr regulating distributed energy resource (DER). OLTC controls are used on power transformers and station/line regulators. The novel OLTC control methodology uses VAR flow direction and magnitude to adjust voltage bandcenter to foster the correct choice of what elements should control voltage, the OLTC power transformers and regulators, or capacitors and active VAr regulating DER.
{"title":"Implementing VVO with DER penetration","authors":"W. Hartmann","doi":"10.1109/ISGT.2017.8085969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT.2017.8085969","url":null,"abstract":"Distributed Energy Resource (DER) continues to make inroads into our distribution systems. This paper explores the impact of DER on distribution Volt/VAr optimization (VVO). Presented is a novel method of coordinating on-load tapchanger (OLTC) to line capacitor (CAP) banks and active VAr regulating distributed energy resource (DER). OLTC controls are used on power transformers and station/line regulators. The novel OLTC control methodology uses VAR flow direction and magnitude to adjust voltage bandcenter to foster the correct choice of what elements should control voltage, the OLTC power transformers and regulators, or capacitors and active VAr regulating DER.","PeriodicalId":296398,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130901738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-23DOI: 10.1109/ISGT.2017.8085961
R. Das, V. Madani, A. Meliopoulos
Integrations of distributed energy resources (DERs), energy storage, and microgrid have introduced new challenges and opportunities for managing power system operation. Source and load control at the distribution level is quickly becoming a key requirement of this evolving system. Voltage regulation, frequency response baselining, anti-islanding, voltage ride through, and reactive margin support are amongst the technical challenges in the Smart Grid era. Microgrid can be used as a vehicle to integrate more DERs using asynchronous interconnection to the main ac grid. This approach helps to create frequency islands facilitating distributed frequency control and can be helpful in a grid with large scale renewable resources. Centralized protection and control (CPC) within a substation can provide a significant benefit in achieving this objective. This paper discusses the benefit of CPC, a smart grid technology, for more DER integration using microgrid as an important component of the solution.
{"title":"Leveraging smart grid technology and using microgrid as a vehicle to benefit DER integration","authors":"R. Das, V. Madani, A. Meliopoulos","doi":"10.1109/ISGT.2017.8085961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT.2017.8085961","url":null,"abstract":"Integrations of distributed energy resources (DERs), energy storage, and microgrid have introduced new challenges and opportunities for managing power system operation. Source and load control at the distribution level is quickly becoming a key requirement of this evolving system. Voltage regulation, frequency response baselining, anti-islanding, voltage ride through, and reactive margin support are amongst the technical challenges in the Smart Grid era. Microgrid can be used as a vehicle to integrate more DERs using asynchronous interconnection to the main ac grid. This approach helps to create frequency islands facilitating distributed frequency control and can be helpful in a grid with large scale renewable resources. Centralized protection and control (CPC) within a substation can provide a significant benefit in achieving this objective. This paper discusses the benefit of CPC, a smart grid technology, for more DER integration using microgrid as an important component of the solution.","PeriodicalId":296398,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116878149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-23DOI: 10.1109/ISGT.2017.8085979
D. Arnold, C. Roberts, Omid Ardakanian, E. Stewart
The deployment of high-fidelity, high-resolution sensors in distribution systems will play a key role in enabling increased resiliency and reliability in the face of a changing generation landscape. In order to leverage the full potential of such a rich dataset, it is necessary to develop an analytics framework capable of both detecting and analyzing patterns within events of interest. This work details the foundation of such an infrastructure. Here, we present an algorithm for detecting events, in the form of edges in voltage magnitude time series data, and an approach for clustering sets of events to reveal unique features that distinguish different events from one another (e.g. capacitor bank switching from transformer tap changes). We test the proposed infrastructure on distribution synchrophasor data obtained from a utility in California over a one week period. Our results indicate that event detection and clustering of archived data reveals features unique to the operation of voltage regulation equipment. The chosen data set particularly highlights the value of the derivative of the localized voltage angle as a distinguishing feature.
{"title":"Synchrophasor data analytics in distribution grids","authors":"D. Arnold, C. Roberts, Omid Ardakanian, E. Stewart","doi":"10.1109/ISGT.2017.8085979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT.2017.8085979","url":null,"abstract":"The deployment of high-fidelity, high-resolution sensors in distribution systems will play a key role in enabling increased resiliency and reliability in the face of a changing generation landscape. In order to leverage the full potential of such a rich dataset, it is necessary to develop an analytics framework capable of both detecting and analyzing patterns within events of interest. This work details the foundation of such an infrastructure. Here, we present an algorithm for detecting events, in the form of edges in voltage magnitude time series data, and an approach for clustering sets of events to reveal unique features that distinguish different events from one another (e.g. capacitor bank switching from transformer tap changes). We test the proposed infrastructure on distribution synchrophasor data obtained from a utility in California over a one week period. Our results indicate that event detection and clustering of archived data reveals features unique to the operation of voltage regulation equipment. The chosen data set particularly highlights the value of the derivative of the localized voltage angle as a distinguishing feature.","PeriodicalId":296398,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120960141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-23DOI: 10.1109/ISGT.2017.8085954
Aswin Chidambaram Pappa, A. Ashok, G. Manimaran
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition(SCADA) communications are often subjected to various sophisticated cyber-attacks mostly because of their static system characteristics, enabling an attacker for easier profiling of the target system(s) and thereby impacting the Critical Infrastructures(CI). In this Paper, a novel approach to mitigate such static vulnerabilities is proposed by implementing a Moving Target Defense (MTD) strategy in a power grid SCADA environment, leveraging the existing communication network with an end-to-end IP-Hopping technique among trusted peers. The main contribution involves the design and implementation of MTD Architecture on Iowa State's PowerCyber testbed for targeted cyber-attacks, without compromising the availability of a SCADA system and studying the delay and throughput characteristics for different hopping rates in a realistic environment. Finally, we study two cases and provide mitigations for potential weaknesses of the proposed mechanism. Also, we propose to incorporate port mutation to further increase attack complexity as part of future work.
{"title":"Moving target defense for securing smart grid communications: Architecture, implementation & evaluation","authors":"Aswin Chidambaram Pappa, A. Ashok, G. Manimaran","doi":"10.1109/ISGT.2017.8085954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT.2017.8085954","url":null,"abstract":"Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition(SCADA) communications are often subjected to various sophisticated cyber-attacks mostly because of their static system characteristics, enabling an attacker for easier profiling of the target system(s) and thereby impacting the Critical Infrastructures(CI). In this Paper, a novel approach to mitigate such static vulnerabilities is proposed by implementing a Moving Target Defense (MTD) strategy in a power grid SCADA environment, leveraging the existing communication network with an end-to-end IP-Hopping technique among trusted peers. The main contribution involves the design and implementation of MTD Architecture on Iowa State's PowerCyber testbed for targeted cyber-attacks, without compromising the availability of a SCADA system and studying the delay and throughput characteristics for different hopping rates in a realistic environment. Finally, we study two cases and provide mitigations for potential weaknesses of the proposed mechanism. Also, we propose to incorporate port mutation to further increase attack complexity as part of future work.","PeriodicalId":296398,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127380987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-23DOI: 10.1109/ISGT.2017.8085955
C. Root, H. Presume, D. Proudfoot, L. Willis, R. Masiello
This paper presents the results of a study done to determine the potential for energy storage systems to increase the output of renewable power generation and improve the performance of the power grid in northern Vermont. At present, a large amount of renewable energy generation, both wind and solar, is connected to the power transmission system in northern Vermont. At times and under certain conditions, limitations of capacity or operation of the transmission system in New England force curtailment in the operation of that renewable generation, so it produces less power than it could. Electrical energy storage can potentially improve this situation by allowing the renewable energy to be stored rather than curtailed, and then used at later times, when needed and when transmission constraints do not limit its use. The study looked at whether, and how, energy storage units of the appropriate type and size, installed at the right locations in the northern Vermont power grid, could both improve the situation and payback their cost.
{"title":"Using battery energy storage to reduce renewable resource curtailment","authors":"C. Root, H. Presume, D. Proudfoot, L. Willis, R. Masiello","doi":"10.1109/ISGT.2017.8085955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT.2017.8085955","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the results of a study done to determine the potential for energy storage systems to increase the output of renewable power generation and improve the performance of the power grid in northern Vermont. At present, a large amount of renewable energy generation, both wind and solar, is connected to the power transmission system in northern Vermont. At times and under certain conditions, limitations of capacity or operation of the transmission system in New England force curtailment in the operation of that renewable generation, so it produces less power than it could. Electrical energy storage can potentially improve this situation by allowing the renewable energy to be stored rather than curtailed, and then used at later times, when needed and when transmission constraints do not limit its use. The study looked at whether, and how, energy storage units of the appropriate type and size, installed at the right locations in the northern Vermont power grid, could both improve the situation and payback their cost.","PeriodicalId":296398,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132032283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-23DOI: 10.1109/ISGT.2017.8085984
A. Shahsavari, M. Farajollahi, E. Stewart, A. V. Meier, L. Alvarez, Ed Cortez, Hamed Mohsenian Rad
In this paper, we conduct a data-driven experimental analysis on capacitor bank switching event at a distribution grid in Riverside, CA using data from two distribution level phasor measurement units, a.k.a, μPMUs. Of particular interest was to detect the capacitor bank switching events based on feeder-level and load-level μPMUs and thus eliminating the need to install separate sensors for the switched capacitor banks. In addition, the operational parameters of capacitor bank is investigated. Moreover, the dynamic effects of capacitor bank switching events is also considered through voltage and current synchrophasor data. This paper takes a first step in using μPMU data to conducting a detailed analysis of how different voltage-levels are affected by capacitor bank switching events in distribution systems.
{"title":"A data-driven analysis of capacitor bank operation at a distribution feeder using micro-PMU data","authors":"A. Shahsavari, M. Farajollahi, E. Stewart, A. V. Meier, L. Alvarez, Ed Cortez, Hamed Mohsenian Rad","doi":"10.1109/ISGT.2017.8085984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT.2017.8085984","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we conduct a data-driven experimental analysis on capacitor bank switching event at a distribution grid in Riverside, CA using data from two distribution level phasor measurement units, a.k.a, μPMUs. Of particular interest was to detect the capacitor bank switching events based on feeder-level and load-level μPMUs and thus eliminating the need to install separate sensors for the switched capacitor banks. In addition, the operational parameters of capacitor bank is investigated. Moreover, the dynamic effects of capacitor bank switching events is also considered through voltage and current synchrophasor data. This paper takes a first step in using μPMU data to conducting a detailed analysis of how different voltage-levels are affected by capacitor bank switching events in distribution systems.","PeriodicalId":296398,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116923299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-23DOI: 10.1109/ISGT.2017.8085958
Jaimie Swartz, A. Ghofrani, M. Jafari
In this work we develop a process to size the renewable energy system that can power a microgrid community. We begin by collecting the community's varying load, location dependent data, and commercially available generation types. According to rules of thumb and relevant physics equations, we then recommended the quantity and configuration of each generation component. Finally, we combine the design suggestions into a hybrid energy system that is simulated and analyzed in TRNSYS. Hence we have created a sizing methodology that determines the best configuration and type of generation components for a microgrid to achieve net-zero energy.
{"title":"Sizing methodology for combined renewable energy systems","authors":"Jaimie Swartz, A. Ghofrani, M. Jafari","doi":"10.1109/ISGT.2017.8085958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT.2017.8085958","url":null,"abstract":"In this work we develop a process to size the renewable energy system that can power a microgrid community. We begin by collecting the community's varying load, location dependent data, and commercially available generation types. According to rules of thumb and relevant physics equations, we then recommended the quantity and configuration of each generation component. Finally, we combine the design suggestions into a hybrid energy system that is simulated and analyzed in TRNSYS. Hence we have created a sizing methodology that determines the best configuration and type of generation components for a microgrid to achieve net-zero energy.","PeriodicalId":296398,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126689780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-04-23DOI: 10.1109/ISGT.2017.8086092
A. Hahn, Rajveer Singh, Chen-Ching Liu, Sijie Chen
Transactive energy paradigms will enable the exchange of energy from a distributed set of prosumers. While prosumers have access to distributed energy resources, these resources are intermittently available. There is a need for distributed markets to enable the exchange of energy in transactive environments, however, the large number of potential prosumers introduces challenges in the establishment of trust between prosumers. Markets for transactive environments create other challenges, such as establishing clearing prices for energy and exchanging money between prosumers. Blockchains provide a unique technology to address this distributed trust problem through the use of a distributed ledger, cryptocurrencies, and the execution of smart contracts. This paper introduces a smart contract that implements a transactive energy auction that operates without the need for a trusted entitys oversight. The auction mechanism implements a Vickrey second price auction, which guarantees bidders will submit honest bids. The contract is implemented on transactive agents on the WSU campus interacting with a 72kW PV array and the Ethereum blockchain. The contract is then used to execute auctions based on the energy from the the PV array and simulated building loads to demonstrate the auctions operations.
{"title":"Smart contract-based campus demonstration of decentralized transactive energy auctions","authors":"A. Hahn, Rajveer Singh, Chen-Ching Liu, Sijie Chen","doi":"10.1109/ISGT.2017.8086092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT.2017.8086092","url":null,"abstract":"Transactive energy paradigms will enable the exchange of energy from a distributed set of prosumers. While prosumers have access to distributed energy resources, these resources are intermittently available. There is a need for distributed markets to enable the exchange of energy in transactive environments, however, the large number of potential prosumers introduces challenges in the establishment of trust between prosumers. Markets for transactive environments create other challenges, such as establishing clearing prices for energy and exchanging money between prosumers. Blockchains provide a unique technology to address this distributed trust problem through the use of a distributed ledger, cryptocurrencies, and the execution of smart contracts. This paper introduces a smart contract that implements a transactive energy auction that operates without the need for a trusted entitys oversight. The auction mechanism implements a Vickrey second price auction, which guarantees bidders will submit honest bids. The contract is implemented on transactive agents on the WSU campus interacting with a 72kW PV array and the Ethereum blockchain. The contract is then used to execute auctions based on the energy from the the PV array and simulated building loads to demonstrate the auctions operations.","PeriodicalId":296398,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT)","volume":"203 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132906637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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