Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.4018/IJKSR.2016100106
M. Vargas-Vera
This paper introduces the use of propositional logic calculus in the elaboration of educational quizzes to assess the level understanding of students in a specific theme of their courses. The technique introduced in this paper goes beyond multiple-choice quizzes. The technique requires several steps like a to give a phrase, b to re-order words of the given phrase in order to form a propositional logic formula, c to make use of background knowledge for performing substitutions, d to answer questions from one of the person in the team, e to change synonyms/antonyms if this is feasible, f to perform actions in order to give value to both or at least one operand of the logic formula and g to conclude the final answer of the logic formula true or false depending of the logic values of the operands in the logic formula. As a working example, the author shows a quiz for universal history, however, the same technique could be used to assess students in different courses.
{"title":"Methodology for the Elaboration of Quizzes using Propositional Logic Calculus in an E-Learning Environment","authors":"M. Vargas-Vera","doi":"10.4018/IJKSR.2016100106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IJKSR.2016100106","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces the use of propositional logic calculus in the elaboration of educational quizzes to assess the level understanding of students in a specific theme of their courses. The technique introduced in this paper goes beyond multiple-choice quizzes. The technique requires several steps like a to give a phrase, b to re-order words of the given phrase in order to form a propositional logic formula, c to make use of background knowledge for performing substitutions, d to answer questions from one of the person in the team, e to change synonyms/antonyms if this is feasible, f to perform actions in order to give value to both or at least one operand of the logic formula and g to conclude the final answer of the logic formula true or false depending of the logic values of the operands in the logic formula. As a working example, the author shows a quiz for universal history, however, the same technique could be used to assess students in different courses.","PeriodicalId":296518,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Knowl. Soc. Res.","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116390822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.4018/IJKSR.2016100108
Paola Adinolfi, E. D’Avanzo, Miltiadis Demetrios Lytras, I. Novo-Corti, Jose Picatoste
The aim of this work is to review a specific learning analytics method-sentiment analysis-in the field of Higher Education, showing how it is employed to monitor student satisfaction on different platforms, and to propose an architecture of Sentiment Analysis for Higher Education purposes, which trace and unify what emerges from the literature review. First, a literature review is carried out, which proves the widespread and increasing interest of the communities, of both scholars and practitioners, in the use of sentiment analysis in the field of Higher Education. The analysis, focused on three different e-learning domains, identifies weaknesses and gaps, and in particular the lack of a unifying approach which is able to deal with the different domains. Secondly, a prototype architecture-LADEL Learning Analytics Dashboard for E-Learning-is introduced, which is able to deal with the different e-learning domains. Some preliminary experiments are carried out, highlighting some limitations and open issues, as stimulus to continue the development of the platform.
{"title":"Sentiment Analysis to Evaluate Teaching Performance","authors":"Paola Adinolfi, E. D’Avanzo, Miltiadis Demetrios Lytras, I. Novo-Corti, Jose Picatoste","doi":"10.4018/IJKSR.2016100108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IJKSR.2016100108","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work is to review a specific learning analytics method-sentiment analysis-in the field of Higher Education, showing how it is employed to monitor student satisfaction on different platforms, and to propose an architecture of Sentiment Analysis for Higher Education purposes, which trace and unify what emerges from the literature review. First, a literature review is carried out, which proves the widespread and increasing interest of the communities, of both scholars and practitioners, in the use of sentiment analysis in the field of Higher Education. The analysis, focused on three different e-learning domains, identifies weaknesses and gaps, and in particular the lack of a unifying approach which is able to deal with the different domains. Secondly, a prototype architecture-LADEL Learning Analytics Dashboard for E-Learning-is introduced, which is able to deal with the different e-learning domains. Some preliminary experiments are carried out, highlighting some limitations and open issues, as stimulus to continue the development of the platform.","PeriodicalId":296518,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Knowl. Soc. Res.","volume":"137 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130537579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.4018/IJKSR.2016100107
Y. Jdidou, Mohamed Khaldi
Massive open online courses MOOCs have earned much attention since the beginning in 2011 and students who signed up for at least one course has crossed 35 million in 2015. Yet, there has been a lack of research conducted to study the design of learning materials and tasks of MOOCs. Moreover, there are limited researches that focus on implementing recommendation systems in MOOCs to predict what students want more aiming to increase their profitability. In this paper, the authors present the algorithm they are creating. The main purpose of this algorithm is to create automatic mechanisms as the recommendation system to give such assistance and personalized guidance to students.
{"title":"Increasing the Profitability of Students in MOOCs using Recommendation Systems","authors":"Y. Jdidou, Mohamed Khaldi","doi":"10.4018/IJKSR.2016100107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IJKSR.2016100107","url":null,"abstract":"Massive open online courses MOOCs have earned much attention since the beginning in 2011 and students who signed up for at least one course has crossed 35 million in 2015. Yet, there has been a lack of research conducted to study the design of learning materials and tasks of MOOCs. Moreover, there are limited researches that focus on implementing recommendation systems in MOOCs to predict what students want more aiming to increase their profitability. In this paper, the authors present the algorithm they are creating. The main purpose of this algorithm is to create automatic mechanisms as the recommendation system to give such assistance and personalized guidance to students.","PeriodicalId":296518,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Knowl. Soc. Res.","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129561508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-01DOI: 10.4018/IJKSR.2016070101
S. Hartmann, Agnes Mainka, Wolfgang G. Stock
The population in many cities all over the world is continuously growing and with this growing number of people infrastructural, health and location-related problems increase. It is assumed that these problems could be addressed by means of open government data which many governments publish on their web portals so that it can be further processed and transformed. Since the citizens themselves know best what they need, governments encourage them to participate in open data innovation competitions and to create value added services for their city. The reuse of open urban government data during hackathons or app competitions is a new trend in knowledge societies of how governments and citizens work together. But have these events still become practice in local governments and are they helpful means to foster government-to-citizen communication and collaboration? The authors analyze innovation competitions in 24 world cities to see how they are applied and whether they have the potential to make the city “smart†.
{"title":"Opportunities and Challenges for Civic Engagement: A Global Investigation of Innovation Competitions","authors":"S. Hartmann, Agnes Mainka, Wolfgang G. Stock","doi":"10.4018/IJKSR.2016070101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IJKSR.2016070101","url":null,"abstract":"The population in many cities all over the world is continuously growing and with this growing number of people infrastructural, health and location-related problems increase. It is assumed that these problems could be addressed by means of open government data which many governments publish on their web portals so that it can be further processed and transformed. Since the citizens themselves know best what they need, governments encourage them to participate in open data innovation competitions and to create value added services for their city. The reuse of open urban government data during hackathons or app competitions is a new trend in knowledge societies of how governments and citizens work together. But have these events still become practice in local governments and are they helpful means to foster government-to-citizen communication and collaboration? The authors analyze innovation competitions in 24 world cities to see how they are applied and whether they have the potential to make the city “smart†.","PeriodicalId":296518,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Knowl. Soc. Res.","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131377259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-01DOI: 10.4018/IJKSR.2016070106
M. Alzain, Alice S. Li, B. Soh, Mehedi Masud
One of the main challenges in cloud computing is to build a healthy and efficient storage for securely managing and preserving data. This means a cloud service provider needs to make sure that its clients' outsourced data are stored securely and, data queries and retrievals are executed correctly and privately. On the other hand, it may also mean businesses are willing to outsource their data to a third party only if they trust their data are not accessible and visible to the service provider and other non-authorized parties. However, one of the major obstacles faced here for ensuring data reliability and security is Byzantine faults. While Byzantine fault tolerance (BFT) has received growing attention from the academic research community, the research done is generally from the distributed computing point of view, and hence finds little practical use in cloud computing. To that end, the focus of this paper is to discuss how these faults can be tolerated with the authors' proposed conceptualization of Byzantine data faults and fault-tolerant architecture in cloud data management.
{"title":"Byzantine Fault-Tolerant Architecture in Cloud Data Management","authors":"M. Alzain, Alice S. Li, B. Soh, Mehedi Masud","doi":"10.4018/IJKSR.2016070106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IJKSR.2016070106","url":null,"abstract":"One of the main challenges in cloud computing is to build a healthy and efficient storage for securely managing and preserving data. This means a cloud service provider needs to make sure that its clients' outsourced data are stored securely and, data queries and retrievals are executed correctly and privately. On the other hand, it may also mean businesses are willing to outsource their data to a third party only if they trust their data are not accessible and visible to the service provider and other non-authorized parties. However, one of the major obstacles faced here for ensuring data reliability and security is Byzantine faults. While Byzantine fault tolerance (BFT) has received growing attention from the academic research community, the research done is generally from the distributed computing point of view, and hence finds little practical use in cloud computing. To that end, the focus of this paper is to discuss how these faults can be tolerated with the authors' proposed conceptualization of Byzantine data faults and fault-tolerant architecture in cloud data management.","PeriodicalId":296518,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Knowl. Soc. Res.","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124377895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-01DOI: 10.4018/IJKSR.2016070103
A. Alfantookh, S. H. Bakry
It has been emphasized that building global knowledge societies enhances the human capital and that this would lead to the promotion of peace and development for the benefit of the whole world. This paper introduces a knowledge assessment framework based on the United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) knowledge society paradigm, and on available international indicators. The framework provides an index that consists of “28 indicators,†with “4 sub-indices†; and a criterion for comparing the measured values of the indicators and identifying prioritized knowledge cooperation opportunities. The framework is used to investigate these opportunities between the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa). It has been found that KSA enjoys high level of knowledge society enablement from which the BRICS can gain; while the BRICS enjoy high level of knowledge productivity from which KSA can gain. Bridging the gap between the two sides will be useful to both, and to building global knowledge societies.
{"title":"Knowledge Cooperation Opportunities between Saudi Arabia and the BRICS","authors":"A. Alfantookh, S. H. Bakry","doi":"10.4018/IJKSR.2016070103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IJKSR.2016070103","url":null,"abstract":"It has been emphasized that building global knowledge societies enhances the human capital and that this would lead to the promotion of peace and development for the benefit of the whole world. This paper introduces a knowledge assessment framework based on the United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) knowledge society paradigm, and on available international indicators. The framework provides an index that consists of “28 indicators,†with “4 sub-indices†; and a criterion for comparing the measured values of the indicators and identifying prioritized knowledge cooperation opportunities. The framework is used to investigate these opportunities between the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa). It has been found that KSA enjoys high level of knowledge society enablement from which the BRICS can gain; while the BRICS enjoy high level of knowledge productivity from which KSA can gain. Bridging the gap between the two sides will be useful to both, and to building global knowledge societies.","PeriodicalId":296518,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Knowl. Soc. Res.","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126735901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-01DOI: 10.4018/IJKSR.2016070102
D. Rezende
Offering full information and efficient public services is a permanent challenge for cities concerned with citizens' quality of life and effective municipal management. The objective of this study is to describe and assess the digital city projects in Chicago (USA) and Curitiba (Brazil), using information and public services offered to citizens by the website. The research methodology consisted of case studies covering the city hall, municipal departments, and other municipal entities. The results show advantages for the citizens who have free communal access to public services on the internet. Chicago offers its citizens 281 public services distributed in 256 subjects or themes and Curitiba 508 public services distributed in 26 subjects or themes. The conclusion reiterated the importance of the implemented projects. In both cities it resulted in benefits for citizens through access to information and public services offered by the internet.
{"title":"Digital City Projects: Information and Public Services Offered by Chicago (USA) and Curitiba (Brazil)","authors":"D. Rezende","doi":"10.4018/IJKSR.2016070102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IJKSR.2016070102","url":null,"abstract":"Offering full information and efficient public services is a permanent challenge for cities concerned with citizens' quality of life and effective municipal management. The objective of this study is to describe and assess the digital city projects in Chicago (USA) and Curitiba (Brazil), using information and public services offered to citizens by the website. The research methodology consisted of case studies covering the city hall, municipal departments, and other municipal entities. The results show advantages for the citizens who have free communal access to public services on the internet. Chicago offers its citizens 281 public services distributed in 256 subjects or themes and Curitiba 508 public services distributed in 26 subjects or themes. The conclusion reiterated the importance of the implemented projects. In both cities it resulted in benefits for citizens through access to information and public services offered by the internet.","PeriodicalId":296518,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Knowl. Soc. Res.","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122351253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-01DOI: 10.4018/IJKSR.2016070104
A. Stroe, M. Spruit, Bastiaan Beltman, Steven Johannes Koelemeijer
The Project Management Office (PMO) is a relatively new type of organizational unit, responsible for supervising internal projects. However, PMOs do not always create and deliver the necessary knowledge for the decisional process. This paper proposes a solution to this problem through the literature-based Project Management Office Maturity Model (PMOMM) that evaluates whether if PMO related processes are implemented and supported by technology. PMOMM consists of 30 main project management processes, organized into 7 capability areas. In order to assess the maturity level of a PMO, a maturity assessment questionnaire was developed. Then, 10 case studies were conducted in which the PMOs of the corresponding organizations were evaluated against PMOMM. The results of the analysis were tested for validity and confirmed by the case study respondents. PMOMM received positive feedback from these experts. stating that the PMOMM represents an easy, yet detailed checklist for organizations to determine the current situation of their PMO.
{"title":"PMOMM: The Project Management Office Maturity Model","authors":"A. Stroe, M. Spruit, Bastiaan Beltman, Steven Johannes Koelemeijer","doi":"10.4018/IJKSR.2016070104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IJKSR.2016070104","url":null,"abstract":"The Project Management Office (PMO) is a relatively new type of organizational unit, responsible for supervising internal projects. However, PMOs do not always create and deliver the necessary knowledge for the decisional process. This paper proposes a solution to this problem through the literature-based Project Management Office Maturity Model (PMOMM) that evaluates whether if PMO related processes are implemented and supported by technology. PMOMM consists of 30 main project management processes, organized into 7 capability areas. In order to assess the maturity level of a PMO, a maturity assessment questionnaire was developed. Then, 10 case studies were conducted in which the PMOs of the corresponding organizations were evaluated against PMOMM. The results of the analysis were tested for validity and confirmed by the case study respondents. PMOMM received positive feedback from these experts. stating that the PMOMM represents an easy, yet detailed checklist for organizations to determine the current situation of their PMO.","PeriodicalId":296518,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Knowl. Soc. Res.","volume":"102 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133356499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-01DOI: 10.4018/IJKSR.2016070107
Firas Ben Kharrat, A. Elkhlifi, R. Faiz
This paper puts forward a new recommendation algorithm based on semantic analysis as well as new measurements. Like Facebook, Social network is considered as one of the most well-prominent Web 2.0 applications and relevant services elaborating into functional ways for sharing opinions. Thereupon, social network web sites have since become valuable data sources for opinion mining. This paper proposes to introduce an external resource a sentiment from comments posted by users in order to anticipate recommendation and also to lessen the cold-start problem. The originality of the suggested approach means that posts are not merely characterized by an opinion score, but receive an opinion grade notion in the post instead. In general, the authors' approach has been implemented with Java and Lenskit framework. The study resulted in two real data sets, namely MovieLens and TripAdvisor, in which the authors have shown positive results. They compared their algorithm to SVD and Slope One algorithms. They have fulfilled an amelioration of 10% in precision and recall along with an improvement of 12% in RMSE and nDCG.
{"title":"Improving Collaborative Filtering Algorithms: Sentiment-based Approach in Social Network","authors":"Firas Ben Kharrat, A. Elkhlifi, R. Faiz","doi":"10.4018/IJKSR.2016070107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IJKSR.2016070107","url":null,"abstract":"This paper puts forward a new recommendation algorithm based on semantic analysis as well as new measurements. Like Facebook, Social network is considered as one of the most well-prominent Web 2.0 applications and relevant services elaborating into functional ways for sharing opinions. Thereupon, social network web sites have since become valuable data sources for opinion mining. This paper proposes to introduce an external resource a sentiment from comments posted by users in order to anticipate recommendation and also to lessen the cold-start problem. The originality of the suggested approach means that posts are not merely characterized by an opinion score, but receive an opinion grade notion in the post instead. In general, the authors' approach has been implemented with Java and Lenskit framework. The study resulted in two real data sets, namely MovieLens and TripAdvisor, in which the authors have shown positive results. They compared their algorithm to SVD and Slope One algorithms. They have fulfilled an amelioration of 10% in precision and recall along with an improvement of 12% in RMSE and nDCG.","PeriodicalId":296518,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Knowl. Soc. Res.","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134420432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-01DOI: 10.4018/IJKSR.2016070105
P. Dayananda, N. SowmyaraniC.
Keyword search is a user-friendly approach that enables inexperienced users to easily retrieve information from XML data with no specific knowledge of complex structured query language. Since an XML document can have a large size and contain a lot of information, an XML keyword search result should be a fragment of an XML document dynamically constructed at query time, which is achievable due to the structuredness of XML. Processing keyword searches on XML has several challenges, e.g., what are the elements in the XML document that are relevant to the query? How to generate the results efficiently and rank the results meaningfully? How to present the results to the user in a way such that the user can quickly find the desired information? In this survey, the authors review the papers in the literature that attempted to address these problems. The authors divide the existing approaches into several classes based on the problem they tackled, and perform a comprehensive analysis of these works.
{"title":"Comprehensive Study on Keyword Search on Semi Structured Data","authors":"P. Dayananda, N. SowmyaraniC.","doi":"10.4018/IJKSR.2016070105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/IJKSR.2016070105","url":null,"abstract":"Keyword search is a user-friendly approach that enables inexperienced users to easily retrieve information from XML data with no specific knowledge of complex structured query language. Since an XML document can have a large size and contain a lot of information, an XML keyword search result should be a fragment of an XML document dynamically constructed at query time, which is achievable due to the structuredness of XML. Processing keyword searches on XML has several challenges, e.g., what are the elements in the XML document that are relevant to the query? How to generate the results efficiently and rank the results meaningfully? How to present the results to the user in a way such that the user can quickly find the desired information? In this survey, the authors review the papers in the literature that attempted to address these problems. The authors divide the existing approaches into several classes based on the problem they tackled, and perform a comprehensive analysis of these works.","PeriodicalId":296518,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Knowl. Soc. Res.","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123507110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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