There is conceptual confusion in academic scholarship regarding Indigenous research methodologies and decolonising research methodologies. Scholars view these paradigms as similar yet distinct, but very few seek to define that distinction. In this article, I explore the relationship between these approaches to academic research. Both paradigms emphasise the need to transform the academy because of its tendency to marginalise non-Western epistemologies. Transformation requires the interconnection and co-ordination of many paradigms including Indigenous, feminist, and antiracist approaches to research. I propose viewing Indigenous and decolonising research methodologies as a relationship, and suggest both are dynamic practices that do not exist outside of the people who use them. What they look like and how they relate to one another will depend upon who uses them, why they are used, and where they are practiced.
{"title":"The Transformation of Academic Knowledges: Understanding the Relationship between Decolonising and Indigenous Research Methodologies","authors":"Jason Chalmers","doi":"10.18740/S4GH0C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18740/S4GH0C","url":null,"abstract":"There is conceptual confusion in academic scholarship regarding Indigenous research methodologies and decolonising research methodologies. Scholars view these paradigms as similar yet distinct, but very few seek to define that distinction. In this article, I explore the relationship between these approaches to academic research. Both paradigms emphasise the need to transform the academy because of its tendency to marginalise non-Western epistemologies. Transformation requires the interconnection and co-ordination of many paradigms including Indigenous, feminist, and antiracist approaches to research. I propose viewing Indigenous and decolonising research methodologies as a relationship, and suggest both are dynamic practices that do not exist outside of the people who use them. What they look like and how they relate to one another will depend upon who uses them, why they are used, and where they are practiced.","PeriodicalId":29667,"journal":{"name":"Socialist Studies","volume":"13 1","pages":"97-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2017-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87644786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The field of international relations is one of few corners of the social sciences in which it has been relatively easy to avoid an encounter with Karl Marx and Marxist thought. Arguably, the reverse has also been true. Whatever the reasons for that mutual ambivalence, this essay claims Marx as a serious theorist of the international, not just a pamphleteer or tactician. It does so primarily by rereading his response to the suppression of the Paris Commune, The Civil War in France . Marx’s essay, lively and provocative, challenges the distinction between ‘domestic politics’ and ‘international relations,’ and suggests that the ontological building blocks of international theory – the state and war – are revealed as historically unstable by ‘the most tremendous war of modern times.’ While Marx later reconsidered some of his analysis, The Civil War in France retains its interrogatory power especially in relation to contemporary instances of international political violence.
{"title":"Mastering the Mysteries of Diplomacy: Karl Marx as International Theorist","authors":"Roger Epp","doi":"10.18740/S4VP8J","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18740/S4VP8J","url":null,"abstract":"The field of international relations is one of few corners of the social sciences in which it has been relatively easy to avoid an encounter with Karl Marx and Marxist thought. Arguably, the reverse has also been true. Whatever the reasons for that mutual ambivalence, this essay claims Marx as a serious theorist of the international, not just a pamphleteer or tactician. It does so primarily by rereading his response to the suppression of the Paris Commune, The Civil War in France . Marx’s essay, lively and provocative, challenges the distinction between ‘domestic politics’ and ‘international relations,’ and suggests that the ontological building blocks of international theory – the state and war – are revealed as historically unstable by ‘the most tremendous war of modern times.’ While Marx later reconsidered some of his analysis, The Civil War in France retains its interrogatory power especially in relation to contemporary instances of international political violence.","PeriodicalId":29667,"journal":{"name":"Socialist Studies","volume":"28 1","pages":"78-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2017-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88429129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"At the Limits of Justice: Women of Colour on Terror, by Suvendrini Perera and Sherene H. Razack","authors":"A. Choudry","doi":"10.18740/S43C77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18740/S43C77","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29667,"journal":{"name":"Socialist Studies","volume":"3 1","pages":"263-263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77013124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this article I examine the problematic of revolutionary strategy and how it is under-theorized at the centres of global capitalism, often confused with the theory of organization. Arguing that the theory of insurrection is often and uncritically accepted as normative, I discuss the necessity of returning to a critical engagement with the theory of strategy in the context of a modern capitalist military. By examining Karl Liebknecht's examination of militarism, the a priori acceptance of the theory of insurrection by contemporary theorists in both the communist and anarchist traditions (i.e. Jodi Dean and the Invisible Committee), and the counter-tradition of protracted people's war, I demonstrate that the theory of insurrection is philosophically deficient, unable to account for the problems produced by capitalist militarism and pacification.
{"title":"Quartermasters of Stadiums and Cemeteries: Normative Insurrectionism and the Under-theorization of Revolutionary Strategy","authors":"J. Moufawad-Paul","doi":"10.18740/S4S301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18740/S4S301","url":null,"abstract":"In this article I examine the problematic of revolutionary strategy and how it is under-theorized at the centres of global capitalism, often confused with the theory of organization. Arguing that the theory of insurrection is often and uncritically accepted as normative, I discuss the necessity of returning to a critical engagement with the theory of strategy in the context of a modern capitalist military. By examining Karl Liebknecht's examination of militarism, the a priori acceptance of the theory of insurrection by contemporary theorists in both the communist and anarchist traditions (i.e. Jodi Dean and the Invisible Committee), and the counter-tradition of protracted people's war, I demonstrate that the theory of insurrection is philosophically deficient, unable to account for the problems produced by capitalist militarism and pacification.","PeriodicalId":29667,"journal":{"name":"Socialist Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"127-127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78436489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article takes food issues in both the advanced capitalist and developing worlds, as well as discourses and struggles that have developed in response to them, as a point of departure. The exposition begins with a description of food sovereignty movements and their successful struggles. Third-world campaigns for food security are inspiring cases of resistance, of struggle for disalienation. The focus then shifts to the problems with the contemporary North American diet, and the ‘foodie’ response to the epidemic of poor eating and resulting poor health.Foodie culture as it has developed in the advanced capitalist world has severe limitations, particularly in regards to its treatment of gender and class. Yet it also contains important messages about meaningful human interaction with nature in the form of food procurement and preparation. The analysis developed here strives to go further than a critique of the distribution and availability of foodstuffs in the contemporary capitalist economy. The aim is to understand contestations over both the production and consumption of food in terms of some key categories of Marxist philosophy. It is argued that using the concepts of alienation, division of labour, and production of consumption can strengthen the case for food sovereignty while also mounting a critique of foodie culture that nonetheless preserves its constructive insights. More specifically, this means that an exploration of the relationship between the division of labour and alienation can demonstrate the negative consequences of industrially produced foods, while affirming the necessity of alternative forms of food production and consumption. Everywhere and in different ways, capitalism alienates humans from their species-being . This paper argues that this fact is particularly evident with regards to the industrial food system. However, just as food can be a site of oppression, so too can it be a locus of struggle against capital.
{"title":"Historical Materialism and Alternative Food: Alienation, Division of Labour, and the Production of Consumption","authors":"Thomas Cheney","doi":"10.18740/S4JK5K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18740/S4JK5K","url":null,"abstract":"This article takes food issues in both the advanced capitalist and developing worlds, as well as discourses and struggles that have developed in response to them, as a point of departure. The exposition begins with a description of food sovereignty movements and their successful struggles. Third-world campaigns for food security are inspiring cases of resistance, of struggle for disalienation. The focus then shifts to the problems with the contemporary North American diet, and the ‘foodie’ response to the epidemic of poor eating and resulting poor health.Foodie culture as it has developed in the advanced capitalist world has severe limitations, particularly in regards to its treatment of gender and class. Yet it also contains important messages about meaningful human interaction with nature in the form of food procurement and preparation. The analysis developed here strives to go further than a critique of the distribution and availability of foodstuffs in the contemporary capitalist economy. The aim is to understand contestations over both the production and consumption of food in terms of some key categories of Marxist philosophy. It is argued that using the concepts of alienation, division of labour, and production of consumption can strengthen the case for food sovereignty while also mounting a critique of foodie culture that nonetheless preserves its constructive insights. More specifically, this means that an exploration of the relationship between the division of labour and alienation can demonstrate the negative consequences of industrially produced foods, while affirming the necessity of alternative forms of food production and consumption. Everywhere and in different ways, capitalism alienates humans from their species-being . This paper argues that this fact is particularly evident with regards to the industrial food system. However, just as food can be a site of oppression, so too can it be a locus of struggle against capital.","PeriodicalId":29667,"journal":{"name":"Socialist Studies","volume":"13 5","pages":"105-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72402726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marxists have sought to critically analyze and contribute to (left revolutionary) popular movements. Yet they have not explicitly theorized the term “movement” nor its relationships to other key Marxist concepts, such as class struggle and hegemony. This book seeks to fill that gap in a historical moment when there are worldwide “anti-systemic” movements against austerity, against inequality, against the “democracy deficit,” and to protect hard-won rights for subaltern classes, all within the context of the world’s most important economic crisis since the 1930s. Analysis helpfully moves back and forth between theory and empirical cases, with a view to informing more effective revolutionary political praxis. The empirical scope is deliberately and usefully broad. Cases are drawn from a range of national contexts in the global North and South and concern movements from the 19 th century up to the present. The book’s major shortcoming, however, is its failure to draw upon the whole range of historical materialist theorizing, including work by Black socialists, feminist socialists and Indigenous communists, among others. Nonetheless Marxism and social movements makes a useful, if radically incomplete contribution to both social movement theory and historical materialism.
{"title":"Marxism and Social Movements","authors":"E. Coburn","doi":"10.18740/S47603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18740/S47603","url":null,"abstract":"Marxists have sought to critically analyze and contribute to (left revolutionary) popular movements. Yet they have not explicitly theorized the term “movement” nor its relationships to other key Marxist concepts, such as class struggle and hegemony. This book seeks to fill that gap in a historical moment when there are worldwide “anti-systemic” movements against austerity, against inequality, against the “democracy deficit,” and to protect hard-won rights for subaltern classes, all within the context of the world’s most important economic crisis since the 1930s. Analysis helpfully moves back and forth between theory and empirical cases, with a view to informing more effective revolutionary political praxis. The empirical scope is deliberately and usefully broad. Cases are drawn from a range of national contexts in the global North and South and concern movements from the 19 th century up to the present. The book’s major shortcoming, however, is its failure to draw upon the whole range of historical materialist theorizing, including work by Black socialists, feminist socialists and Indigenous communists, among others. Nonetheless Marxism and social movements makes a useful, if radically incomplete contribution to both social movement theory and historical materialism.","PeriodicalId":29667,"journal":{"name":"Socialist Studies","volume":"56 1","pages":"237-237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72609719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Environmental Social Work, by Mel Gray, John Coates and Tiana Hetherington","authors":"W. W. Chan","doi":"10.18740/S4HK58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18740/S4HK58","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29667,"journal":{"name":"Socialist Studies","volume":"73 1","pages":"254-254"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90302780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This new st udy by Peter Hudis is based on a thorough and compelling reading of nearly all of Marx’s work. It centres on a theme that many have seen as a distinct one subordinate to economic analysis, history, class struggle, politics, etc. The singular merit of Hudis’s argument is that it shows that Marx was primarily a thinker of time, and thus of historical transition, so that the theory of post-capitalist society goes to the very heart of Marx’s work as a thinking of capitalism as a transitory social form. Moreover, Hudis’ analysis shows the deep coherence of Marx’s analyses of proposed alternatives and that Marx’s own view is rooted his account of the fundamental structure of capital as the production of value. The text proceeds chronologically with four chapters—the young Marx, the drafts of Capital (including Grundrisse), Capital, and the late writings— bracketed by an introduction and conclusion. The chronology shows the emergence of Marx’s mature theory of value as expressed in the first volume of Capital, its use for evaluating proposals for post-capitalist socio-economic structure, and its relevance for assessing the record of Marxism in enacting that alternative. It is an excelle nt interpretation of Marx, both philosophically and politically, and deserves to be widely read. Hudis reconstructs the a rgument of the first chapters of Capital, Vol. 1 through the distinction between exchange-value and value, showing that Marx’s previous work did not make this distinction. Beginning from the commodity, Marx shows that the comparability of commodity prices depends upon a common quality that constitutes their measure. This measure is in labour, but not labour in its concrete use. It is labour solely in its abstract form—the undifferentiated labour time of any human individual whatsoever. Commodities are exchanged as equals if the abstract labour expended on them is equal. However, this is not the actual labour expended, not even as measured by time, since that would make products produced by less efficient labour more expensive.
{"title":"THE RULE OF VALUE AND THE COMMUNIST ALTERNATIVE: A RESPONSE TO PETER HUDIS' MARX'S CONCEPT OF THE ALTERNATIVE TO CAPITALISM","authors":"I. Angus","doi":"10.18740/S4GP50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18740/S4GP50","url":null,"abstract":"This new st udy by Peter Hudis is based on a thorough and compelling reading of nearly all of Marx’s work. It centres on a theme that many have seen as a distinct one subordinate to economic analysis, history, class struggle, politics, etc. The singular merit of Hudis’s argument is that it shows that Marx was primarily a thinker of time, and thus of historical transition, so that the theory of post-capitalist society goes to the very heart of Marx’s work as a thinking of capitalism as a transitory social form. Moreover, Hudis’ analysis shows the deep coherence of Marx’s analyses of proposed alternatives and that Marx’s own view is rooted his account of the fundamental structure of capital as the production of value. The text proceeds chronologically with four chapters—the young Marx, the drafts of Capital (including Grundrisse), Capital, and the late writings— bracketed by an introduction and conclusion. The chronology shows the emergence of Marx’s mature theory of value as expressed in the first volume of Capital, its use for evaluating proposals for post-capitalist socio-economic structure, and its relevance for assessing the record of Marxism in enacting that alternative. It is an excelle nt interpretation of Marx, both philosophically and politically, and deserves to be widely read. Hudis reconstructs the a rgument of the first chapters of Capital, Vol. 1 through the distinction between exchange-value and value, showing that Marx’s previous work did not make this distinction. Beginning from the commodity, Marx shows that the comparability of commodity prices depends upon a common quality that constitutes their measure. This measure is in labour, but not labour in its concrete use. It is labour solely in its abstract form—the undifferentiated labour time of any human individual whatsoever. Commodities are exchanged as equals if the abstract labour expended on them is equal. However, this is not the actual labour expended, not even as measured by time, since that would make products produced by less efficient labour more expensive.","PeriodicalId":29667,"journal":{"name":"Socialist Studies","volume":"11 1","pages":"216-216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85413628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Self-emancipation and humanism—rejected by some Marxists as unnecessary in the development of historical materialist theory—are in fact embedded at the core of any meaningful historical materialism. This comes out clearly in Peter Hudis’s Marx’s Concept of the Alternative to Capitalism. The principle aim of the book is to unearth the “prefigurative”—the vision of a new post-capitalist world—from the writings of a Marx usually seen as agnostic on the question. The search for this prefigurative Marx leads directly to the issue of how to reconcile the objective with the subjective, the objectively determined laws of motion in the economy with the emergence of a mass revolutionary subject. In tackling this Hudis opens up areas of inquiry central to the development of counter-hegemonic theory and practice in the 21 st century. Hudis, Peter. 2012. Marx’s concept of the alternative to capitalism. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-22197-0. Hardback: 136 USD. Pages: 241.
{"title":"The Ideal Immanent Within the Real: On Peter Hudis' Marx’s Concept of the Alternative to Capitalism","authors":"P. Kellogg","doi":"10.18740/S4BW2P","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18740/S4BW2P","url":null,"abstract":"Self-emancipation and humanism—rejected by some Marxists as unnecessary in the development of historical materialist theory—are in fact embedded at the core of any meaningful historical materialism. This comes out clearly in Peter Hudis’s Marx’s Concept of the Alternative to Capitalism. The principle aim of the book is to unearth the “prefigurative”—the vision of a new post-capitalist world—from the writings of a Marx usually seen as agnostic on the question. The search for this prefigurative Marx leads directly to the issue of how to reconcile the objective with the subjective, the objectively determined laws of motion in the economy with the emergence of a mass revolutionary subject. In tackling this Hudis opens up areas of inquiry central to the development of counter-hegemonic theory and practice in the 21 st century. Hudis, Peter. 2012. Marx’s concept of the alternative to capitalism. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-22197-0. Hardback: 136 USD. Pages: 241.","PeriodicalId":29667,"journal":{"name":"Socialist Studies","volume":"41 1","pages":"227-227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83588636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"We Make Our Own History, by Lawrence Cox and Alf Gunvald Nilsen","authors":"B. Carroll","doi":"10.18740/S4CW20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18740/S4CW20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29667,"journal":{"name":"Socialist Studies","volume":"32 1","pages":"259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88436441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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