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2021 IEEE International Conference on Progress in Informatics and Computing (PIC)最新文献

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Exploring Multi-Layer Convolutional Neural Networks for Railway Safety Text Classification 多层卷积神经网络在铁路安全文本分类中的应用
Pub Date : 2021-12-17 DOI: 10.1109/PIC53636.2021.9687014
Taocun Yang, Xin Liu, Guohua Li, Ming-rui Dai, Lei Tian, Yan Xie
With the rapid development of China High-Speed Rail, massive text data related to railway safety has been accumulated. When analyzing and understanding this data, classifying railway accident report text is essential and tedious work. Usually, such classification tasks are manually done by experts and workers in the railway safety department. Traditional data mining algorithms have been applied in these tasks to classify the text automatically. However, due to the complexity of the text data, classification algorithms sometimes fail and have insufficient learning ability. Meanwhile, the rise of machine learning enables us to deal with these complex problems effectively. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end multi-layer convolutional neural networks model to classify the railway safety-related text. We update the CNN part of the traditional model by increasing layers and adding a multi-height convolutional kernel. Additionally, we develop a data-preprocessing strategy to obtain the neat input data and reduce the complexity of the task. Experiments show that our proposed method achieves competitive performance and is suitable for railway safety-related text classification problems.
随着中国高铁的快速发展,积累了大量与铁路安全相关的文本数据。在分析和理解这些数据时,对铁路事故报告文本进行分类是一项必要而繁琐的工作。通常,这种分类任务是由铁路安全部门的专家和工人手工完成的。传统的数据挖掘算法在这些任务中得到了应用,实现了文本的自动分类。然而,由于文本数据的复杂性,分类算法有时会失败,学习能力不足。同时,机器学习的兴起使我们能够有效地处理这些复杂的问题。本文提出了一种端到端多层卷积神经网络模型对铁路安全相关文本进行分类。我们通过增加层数和增加多高度卷积核来更新传统模型的CNN部分。此外,我们还开发了一种数据预处理策略,以获得整洁的输入数据,降低任务的复杂性。实验表明,该方法具有较好的性能,适用于铁路安全相关的文本分类问题。
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引用次数: 0
Research on an Two-Channel ACNN-LSTM Model for Financial Text Sentiment Analysis 金融文本情感分析的双通道ACNN-LSTM模型研究
Pub Date : 2021-12-17 DOI: 10.1109/PIC53636.2021.9687020
Hanxiao Shi, Liqiang You, Mimi Ren, Xiaojun Li
This paper proposes a sentiment analysis model based on two-channel attention-driven convolutional neural networks and long short term memory neural networks for financial text. Firstly, this paper uses two different word vector initialization methods to construct classification model by selecting different feature representations and taking full account of the relationship between words. Secondly, this paper adds Attention mechanism based on the context structure to analyze the text to obtain more hidden information. Finally, the experimental results show that our approach is feasible and effective.
本文提出了一种基于双通道注意驱动卷积神经网络和长短期记忆神经网络的财经文本情感分析模型。首先,本文采用两种不同的词向量初始化方法,通过选择不同的特征表示,充分考虑词之间的关系,构建分类模型。其次,加入基于语境结构的注意机制对文本进行分析,获取更多隐含信息。最后,实验结果表明了该方法的可行性和有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Research of Imbalanced Classification Based on Cascade Forest 基于级联林的不平衡分类研究
Pub Date : 2021-12-17 DOI: 10.1109/PIC53636.2021.9687091
M. Shi, Fangxin Lin, Ying Qian, Liang Dou
With the rapid development of science, the quantity of data is increasing exponentially. And unprecedented opportunities are provided by machine learning and data mining. While data classification is commonly used as a primary data processing method, the diversity of data is also a great challenge. Among those, problems caused by class imbalance are attracting more attention, and there are also a number of strategies and improvement of original algorithms are proposed. Gcforest is a new integrated learning algorithm proposed by Professor Zhou Zhihua in 2017. It has the advantages of few super parameters, suitable for small-scale data sets and strong model expression ability. However, the algorithm does not optimize the unbalanced data classification. Inspired by the improvement of other ensemble learning algorithms for unbalanced data classification, this paper applies a variety of under sampling strategies to the cascaded forest of gcforest. Through experimental comparison, it has achieved better or similar performance than the current advanced learning algorithms for unbalanced data sets on a variety of typical unbalanced data sets.
随着科学的飞速发展,数据量呈指数级增长。机器学习和数据挖掘提供了前所未有的机会。虽然数据分类是常用的主要数据处理方法,但数据的多样性也是一个很大的挑战。其中,由类不平衡引起的问题越来越受到关注,同时也提出了一些策略和对原有算法的改进。Gcforest是周志华教授在2017年提出的一种新的集成学习算法。该方法具有超参数少、适用于小规模数据集、模型表达能力强等优点。但是,该算法没有对不平衡数据分类进行优化。受其他非平衡数据分类集成学习算法改进的启发,本文将多种欠采样策略应用于gcforest的级联森林。通过实验对比,在多种典型的非平衡数据集上,它取得了比目前先进的非平衡数据集学习算法更好或相近的性能。
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引用次数: 0
A Survey on the Identification of Causal Relation in Texts 语篇因果关系识别研究综述
Pub Date : 2021-12-17 DOI: 10.1109/PIC53636.2021.9687029
Mingyue Han, Yinglin Wang
Causality is the basis for humans to make rational decisions and is widely mentioned in different fields. In the natural language processing (NLP) community, the problem of causality is complex and challenging. This paper serves as an effort to briefly discuss the causal relation identification in texts, from the existing causal resources, research methodology, and the robustness problems. First, we introduce relevant causal datasets and resources. Second, the existing typical approaches that have been used in causal relation identification are categorized into unsupervised and supervised methods. In addition, the robustness of causality identification models is discussed succinctly. Finally, we try to list the research challenges at present and raise the future research directions in this field.
因果关系是人类做出理性决策的基础,在不同领域被广泛提及。在自然语言处理(NLP)领域,因果关系问题是一个复杂而具有挑战性的问题。本文从现有的因果关系资源、研究方法和鲁棒性问题等方面简要讨论了文本中的因果关系识别。首先,我们介绍了相关的因果数据集和资源。其次,将现有的因果关系识别的典型方法分为无监督方法和监督方法。此外,简要讨论了因果关系识别模型的稳健性。最后,我们试图列出当前的研究挑战,并提出该领域未来的研究方向。
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引用次数: 1
Data-Driven Product Design and Axiomatic Design 数据驱动的产品设计和公理设计
Pub Date : 2021-12-17 DOI: 10.1109/PIC53636.2021.9687021
Bin Yang, R. Xiao
Big data has become viable as cost-effective approaches have emerged to tame the Volume, Velocity, Variety, Value (4Vs) of massive data. Within Big Data lies valuable patterns and information, previously hidden because of the tremendous amount of work required to extract them. Data-driven product design can guide designers making proper and accurate decisions, this design method is effective and useful, it becomes more and more popular today. Axiomatic design method is equally based on two design axioms of functional independency and information minimum, through "zigzag" decomposition, assigning design task to different design domains to complete design. This paper investigates how to apply Axiomatic design method in data-driven product design in order to bring new opportunities to enhance the production efficiency and product competitiveness.
随着驯服海量数据的数量、速度、种类和价值(4v)的成本效益方法的出现,大数据已经变得可行。在大数据中包含有价值的模式和信息,以前由于提取它们需要大量的工作而被隐藏起来。数据驱动的产品设计可以指导设计师做出正确而准确的决策,这种设计方法是有效而有用的,在当今越来越流行。公理化设计法是基于功能独立和信息最少两个设计公理,通过“之字形”分解,将设计任务分配到不同的设计域,从而完成设计。本文探讨了如何将公理设计方法应用于数据驱动的产品设计,以期为提高生产效率和产品竞争力带来新的机遇。
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引用次数: 2
Research on Knowledge Distillation Algorithm of Object Detection 目标检测中的知识蒸馏算法研究
Pub Date : 2021-12-17 DOI: 10.1109/PIC53636.2021.9687066
Xue-fang Wang, Wenbin Zhang, Yuchun Chu, Peishun Liu, Qilin Yin, Qi Li
The Algorithms of object detection are usually difficult to deploy on low-end devices due to the large amount of computation, but knowledge distillation can solve this problem by training small models to learn the already trained complex network models, realizing model compression, and effectively reducing the amount of computation. How to transfer rich knowledge from teachers to students is a key step in the knowledge distillation. To solve this problem, this paper uses the knowledge of the teacher to guide the student network training in feature extraction, target classification and frame prediction, and proposes a distillation algorithm based on multi-scale attention mechanism, which uses attention mechanism to integrate different scale features. The correlation of features between different channels is learned by assigning weights to the features of each channel. The distillation algorithm proposed in this paper is based on YOLOv4, so it can strengthen the student network to learn the key knowledge of the teacher network, and make the knowledge of the teacher network How to the student network better. Experimental analysis shows that it can effectively improve the detection accuracy of the student network. The size of the model is only 6.4% of the teacher network, but the speed is increased by 3 times, and mAP is 5.7% higher than the original student network and 2.1% lower than the teacher network.
由于计算量大,目标检测算法通常难以在低端设备上部署,而知识蒸馏可以通过训练小模型来学习已经训练好的复杂网络模型,实现模型压缩,有效地减少了计算量,从而解决了这一问题。如何将丰富的知识从教师手中传递给学生,是知识升华的关键环节。针对这一问题,本文利用教师的知识指导学生网络训练在特征提取、目标分类、框架预测等方面,提出了一种基于多尺度注意机制的精馏算法,利用注意机制对不同尺度特征进行整合。通过对每个通道的特征分配权重来学习不同通道之间特征的相关性。本文提出的精馏算法是基于YOLOv4的,因此它可以加强学生网络对教师网络关键知识的学习,并使教师网络的知识如何更好地应用到学生网络中。实验分析表明,该方法能有效提高学生网络的检测精度。模型的规模仅为教师网络的6.4%,但速度提高了3倍,mAP比原来的学生网络高5.7%,比教师网络低2.1%。
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引用次数: 0
Deeply Feature Fused Video Super-resolution Network 深度融合视频超分辨率网络
Pub Date : 2021-12-17 DOI: 10.1109/PIC53636.2021.9687037
Jingmin Yang, Zhensen Chen, Li Xu
The video super-resolution (VSR) task refers to the use of corresponding low-resolution (LR) frames and multiple neighboring frames to generate high-resolution (HR) frames. An important step in VSR is to fuse the features of the reference frame with the features of the supporting frame. The existing VSR method does not make full use of the information provided by the distant neighboring frame, and usually fuses in a one-stage manner. In this paper, we propose a deep fusion video super-resolution network based on temporal grouping. We divide the input sequence into groups according to different frame rates to provide more accurate supplementary information, and the method aggregates temporal and spatial information at different stages of fusion.
视频超分辨率任务是指利用相应的低分辨率(LR)帧和多个相邻帧生成高分辨率(HR)帧。VSR的一个重要步骤是融合参考框架和支撑框架的特征。现有的VSR方法没有充分利用远处相邻帧提供的信息,通常采用一级融合的方式。本文提出了一种基于时间分组的深度融合视频超分辨网络。为了提供更准确的补充信息,该方法根据不同的帧率对输入序列进行分组,并在融合的不同阶段对时空信息进行聚合。
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引用次数: 0
A Differentially Private Data Transmission Scheme for Advanced Metering Infrastructures 先进计量基础设施的差分私有数据传输方案
Pub Date : 2021-12-17 DOI: 10.1109/PIC53636.2021.9687013
Li Yan, Chao Ma, Cong Wang, Ziqing Zhu, Gaozhou Wang, Huijian Wang
Traditional energy consumption data collection is usually deployed with weak security and privacy protection measures, resulting in high risks of data leakage and unauthorized access. To alleviate this problem, we propose a secure and privacy-preserving data transmission scheme (called DPDT) for advanced metering infrastructures based on local differential privacy protection and SM4 symmetric encryption algorithm. Specifically, we first protect the privacy of each client’s energy consumption data via the local differential privacy mechanism. Second, we employ the standard SM4 symmetric encryption algorithm to encrypt the aggregated data, in purpose of ensuring the data transmission. Further, we strictly prove the security of the proposed DPDT scheme, and verify the efficacy via extensive experiments.
传统的能耗数据采集通常部署了较弱的安全和隐私保护措施,导致数据泄露和未经授权访问的风险较高。为了缓解这一问题,我们提出了一种基于本地差分隐私保护和SM4对称加密算法的高级计量基础设施的安全隐私数据传输方案(DPDT)。具体而言,我们首先通过本地差异隐私机制保护每个客户端的能耗数据隐私。其次,我们采用标准的SM4对称加密算法对聚合数据进行加密,以保证数据的传输。此外,我们严格证明了所提出的DPDT方案的安全性,并通过大量的实验验证了其有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Optimal Scale Combinations Selection for Incomplete Generalized Multi-scale Decision Systems 不完全广义多尺度决策系统的最优尺度组合选择
Pub Date : 2021-12-17 DOI: 10.1109/PIC53636.2021.9687000
Qiong Mou, Yunlong Cheng
In the real world, objects are usually measured at different scales and information is often incomplete. The main objective of this study is how to quickly obtain the optimal scale combinations of incomplete generalized multi-scale decision systems (IGMDSs). First, the concept of IGMDSs is introduced, and the sequential three-way decision model of scale space is developed. Second, a stepwise optimal scale selection algorithm is proposed to obtain an optimal scale combination of IGMDS quickly. Finally, to describe the relationships among the scale combinations, the adjacency matrix of the Hasse diagram and updating method for the adjacency matrix are proposed. Accordingly, an efficient optimal scale combinations selection algorithm based on sequential three-way decision is proposed to obtain all optimal scale combinations of IGMDS. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithms can significantly reduce computational time.
在现实世界中,物体通常以不同的尺度测量,信息往往是不完整的。本研究的主要目标是如何快速获得不完全广义多尺度决策系统(igmds)的最优尺度组合。首先,引入了igmds的概念,建立了尺度空间的顺序三向决策模型;其次,提出了逐步优化尺度选择算法,快速获得IGMDS的最优尺度组合;最后,为了描述尺度组合之间的关系,提出了Hasse图的邻接矩阵和邻接矩阵的更新方法。据此,提出了一种基于顺序三向决策的高效最优尺度组合选择算法,以获得IGMDS的所有最优尺度组合。实验结果表明,该算法可以显著减少计算时间。
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引用次数: 0
Reliability Modeling and Analysis of Hospital Information System Based on Microservices 基于微服务的医院信息系统可靠性建模与分析
Pub Date : 2021-12-17 DOI: 10.1109/PIC53636.2021.9687027
Zheng Liu, Huiqun Yu, Guisheng Fan, Liqiong Chen
In recent years, modern hospital has a large scale, complex relationship, and hospital information system (HIS) due to rapid development of computer networks. But there is still a big gap for reliable use of clinical information and management system, especially in terms of fault prevention. The microservice architecture has great advantages for development and delivery of complex system. This paper proposes a novel microservice reliability model (MSRM) for HIS based on the formalism of Predicate Petri net (PrT net). First, microservice reliability requirement design is given and PrT net is used to model the reliability of microservice, and the corresponding syntax and semantics are also presented. Then the redundancy and circuit breaker is designed by using PrT net, a composition strategy is proposed and the reliability of microservices is analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Based on the constructed MSRM, the correctness of PrT net modeling and effectiveness of the strategies have been proven theoretically. Finally, a public healthcare case is used to explain modeling process, and verify the effectiveness of proposed method. Experimental results show that the strategy for HIS microservice reliability is effective.
近年来,随着计算机网络的飞速发展,现代医院的规模越来越大,关系越来越复杂,医院信息系统(HIS)也越来越多。但在临床信息和管理系统的可靠使用方面,特别是在故障预防方面,还有很大的差距。微服务架构对于复杂系统的开发和交付具有很大的优势。提出了一种基于谓词Petri网(PrT网)形式化的HIS微服务可靠性模型(MSRM)。首先,给出了微服务可靠性需求设计,并利用PrT网络对微服务可靠性建模,给出了相应的语法和语义。然后利用PrT网络设计了冗余和断路器,提出了组合策略,并对微服务的可靠性进行了定性和定量分析。在此基础上,从理论上验证了PrT网络建模的正确性和策略的有效性。最后,通过一个公共卫生案例说明了建模过程,并验证了所提方法的有效性。实验结果表明,该策略对HIS微服务可靠性是有效的。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
2021 IEEE International Conference on Progress in Informatics and Computing (PIC)
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