The "Fast Fourier Transform" has now been widely known for about a year. During that time it has had a major effect on several areas of computing, the most striking example being techniques of numerical convolution, which have been completely revolutionized. What exactly is the "Fast Fourier Transform"?
{"title":"Fast Fourier Transforms: for fun and profit","authors":"W. Gentleman, G. Sande","doi":"10.1145/1464291.1464352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1464291.1464352","url":null,"abstract":"The \"Fast Fourier Transform\" has now been widely known for about a year. During that time it has had a major effect on several areas of computing, the most striking example being techniques of numerical convolution, which have been completely revolutionized. What exactly is the \"Fast Fourier Transform\"?","PeriodicalId":297471,"journal":{"name":"AFIPS '66 (Fall)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1966-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129285560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The gravitational forces of the sun, moon, and oblate earth can cause significant changes in the orbit of a near-earth satellite. These orbital perturbations can cause an early failure of the satellite. The solar and linear perturbations vary in their effect, for any given initial orbit, according to the day and hour of injection. In fact, the change of a fraction of an hour in injection time may cause a change in the satellite's lifetime of several months. So for effective planning of a satellite mission, these perturbations must be predicted.
{"title":"Satellite lifetime program","authors":"J. Stricker, W. Miessner","doi":"10.1145/1464291.1464376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1464291.1464376","url":null,"abstract":"The gravitational forces of the sun, moon, and oblate earth can cause significant changes in the orbit of a near-earth satellite. These orbital perturbations can cause an early failure of the satellite. The solar and linear perturbations vary in their effect, for any given initial orbit, according to the day and hour of injection. In fact, the change of a fraction of an hour in injection time may cause a change in the satellite's lifetime of several months. So for effective planning of a satellite mission, these perturbations must be predicted.","PeriodicalId":297471,"journal":{"name":"AFIPS '66 (Fall)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1966-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130453286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Photographic film is an excellent display medium, with a wide dynamic range, high resolution, and an integration capability. It has some limitations, however, because it is not a real-time medium, i.e., the signal is not visible immediately upon application to the film; at least several seconds must elapse before the recorded signal is developed. In addition, film is not reusable; consequently, when no permanent record is required, the use of film is extremely wasteful.
{"title":"Recent progress on a high-resolution, meshless, direct-view storage tube","authors":"N. H. Lehrer, R. D. Ketchpel","doi":"10.1145/1464291.1464348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1464291.1464348","url":null,"abstract":"Photographic film is an excellent display medium, with a wide dynamic range, high resolution, and an integration capability. It has some limitations, however, because it is not a real-time medium, i.e., the signal is not visible immediately upon application to the film; at least several seconds must elapse before the recorded signal is developed. In addition, film is not reusable; consequently, when no permanent record is required, the use of film is extremely wasteful.","PeriodicalId":297471,"journal":{"name":"AFIPS '66 (Fall)","volume":"375 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1966-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134232903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The ever increasing utilization of computer complexes from remote sources imposes a new dimension to the almost overburdening task of systems design. Remotely accessed systems require a tight integration of communications services and equipment in order to effect a system which is both efficient and responsive.
{"title":"Some problems in data communications between the user and the computer","authors":"L. A. Hittel","doi":"10.1145/1464291.1464333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1464291.1464333","url":null,"abstract":"The ever increasing utilization of computer complexes from remote sources imposes a new dimension to the almost overburdening task of systems design. Remotely accessed systems require a tight integration of communications services and equipment in order to effect a system which is both efficient and responsive.","PeriodicalId":297471,"journal":{"name":"AFIPS '66 (Fall)","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1966-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116222292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The use of computers to hyphenate and justify printed material is widely accepted in the printing and publishing industry, as well as in institutions conducting research in literary analysis and photocomposition. Newspapers are among those using computers in the production of type cast in lead. The staff of the Los Angeles Times, in collaboration with RCA Corporation, implemented a program for the RCA 301 to accept typewriter by-product paper tape at 1,000 characters per second, to justify and hyphenate lineage of variable font size to newspaper column width, and to produce paper tape output used to drive automatic hot lead linecasters. This set of programs has been supporting typesetting production requirements of over 300,000 lines per week for the past three years. Additional requirements, both present and future, demanded that a more universal use of the computer as a system with teleprocessing capability be implemented. The three principles underlying these requirements were: 1. Immediate recovery capability for operational failure and hardware demise. 2. Centralization of the computational function to allow remote news sources and printing facilities the use of the automatic typesetting resources. 3. Potential to expand the system allowing on-line graphic display terminals and time-sharing with large business applications.
{"title":"A multiprogrammed teleprocessing system for computer typesetting","authors":"B. Nebel","doi":"10.1145/1464291.1464304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1464291.1464304","url":null,"abstract":"The use of computers to hyphenate and justify printed material is widely accepted in the printing and publishing industry, as well as in institutions conducting research in literary analysis and photocomposition. Newspapers are among those using computers in the production of type cast in lead. The staff of the Los Angeles Times, in collaboration with RCA Corporation, implemented a program for the RCA 301 to accept typewriter by-product paper tape at 1,000 characters per second, to justify and hyphenate lineage of variable font size to newspaper column width, and to produce paper tape output used to drive automatic hot lead linecasters. This set of programs has been supporting typesetting production requirements of over 300,000 lines per week for the past three years. Additional requirements, both present and future, demanded that a more universal use of the computer as a system with teleprocessing capability be implemented. The three principles underlying these requirements were:\u0000 1. Immediate recovery capability for operational failure and hardware demise.\u0000 2. Centralization of the computational function to allow remote news sources and printing facilities the use of the automatic typesetting resources.\u0000 3. Potential to expand the system allowing on-line graphic display terminals and time-sharing with large business applications.","PeriodicalId":297471,"journal":{"name":"AFIPS '66 (Fall)","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1966-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126268045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this paper is to give added insight into the influence of memory organization on system cost and performance, to show how various configurations may be best suited to satisfying a particular set of requirements, and to indicate the effects of low-cost integrated circuitry on the storage array/circuit cost tradeoffs available with varying organizations. To accomplish these objectives, five typical organizations were selected, and each was dealt with in sufficient detail to allow subsequent predictions of cost and performance. Those chosen are applicable to random-access ferrite-core memories, and each design makes use of integrated circuitry to the extent permitted by the devices which presently may be procured in volume quantities.
{"title":"A cost/performance analysis of integrated-circuit core memories","authors":"D. Moore","doi":"10.1145/1464291.1464321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1464291.1464321","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to give added insight into the influence of memory organization on system cost and performance, to show how various configurations may be best suited to satisfying a particular set of requirements, and to indicate the effects of low-cost integrated circuitry on the storage array/circuit cost tradeoffs available with varying organizations. To accomplish these objectives, five typical organizations were selected, and each was dealt with in sufficient detail to allow subsequent predictions of cost and performance. Those chosen are applicable to random-access ferrite-core memories, and each design makes use of integrated circuitry to the extent permitted by the devices which presently may be procured in volume quantities.","PeriodicalId":297471,"journal":{"name":"AFIPS '66 (Fall)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1966-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124060873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One consequence of recent interest in the development of large-scale time-sharing systems to provide on-line computer access to a large number of users has been the widespread realization that the usefulness of such a system is critically dependent on the quality of the software provided to facilitate the interaction between user and machine. In particular, one area of critical importance for effective utilization of such a system is that of facilities for program debugging. In view of the important role they play, surprisingly little attention has been paid to the development of facilities to aid in the process of on-line program debugging. Furthermore, much of the work in this field has been described only in unpublished reports or passed on through the oral tradition, rather than in the published literature. The purpose of this paper is to survey the existing work in this area and discuss some possible extensions to it, with the dual goal of acquainting a wider public with currently-existing techniques and of stimulating further developments.
{"title":"On-line debugging techniques: a survey","authors":"T. G. Evans, Lucille Darley","doi":"10.1145/1464291.1464295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1464291.1464295","url":null,"abstract":"One consequence of recent interest in the development of large-scale time-sharing systems to provide on-line computer access to a large number of users has been the widespread realization that the usefulness of such a system is critically dependent on the quality of the software provided to facilitate the interaction between user and machine. In particular, one area of critical importance for effective utilization of such a system is that of facilities for program debugging. In view of the important role they play, surprisingly little attention has been paid to the development of facilities to aid in the process of on-line program debugging. Furthermore, much of the work in this field has been described only in unpublished reports or passed on through the oral tradition, rather than in the published literature. The purpose of this paper is to survey the existing work in this area and discuss some possible extensions to it, with the dual goal of acquainting a wider public with currently-existing techniques and of stimulating further developments.","PeriodicalId":297471,"journal":{"name":"AFIPS '66 (Fall)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1966-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130690611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Conversational Compiler System described herein is implemented on the Scientific Data Systems Model 940 Time-Sharing System. The SDS-940 has, as its Central Processor, a modified SDS-930, the modifications for which were developed at the University of California at Berkeley by Melvin Pirtle. This hardware includes a paging scheme, a set of privileged instructions for monitor as opposed to user mode of operation, and the ability to perform input/output operations to secondary memory while computing.
{"title":"A conversational system for incremental compilation and execution in a time-sharing environment","authors":"J. L. Ryan, R. Crandall, Marion C. Medwedeff","doi":"10.1145/1464291.1464293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1464291.1464293","url":null,"abstract":"The Conversational Compiler System described herein is implemented on the Scientific Data Systems Model 940 Time-Sharing System. The SDS-940 has, as its Central Processor, a modified SDS-930, the modifications for which were developed at the University of California at Berkeley by Melvin Pirtle. This hardware includes a paging scheme, a set of privileged instructions for monitor as opposed to user mode of operation, and the ability to perform input/output operations to secondary memory while computing.","PeriodicalId":297471,"journal":{"name":"AFIPS '66 (Fall)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1966-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114558882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An appropriate subtitle for this paper might read: "A Fortran Compatible Dialect of the SCI Continuous System Simulation Language." Here the words "continuous system" distinguish the application area of interest from that encompassed by the event based simulation languages of the genre of GPSS, SIMSCRIPT, etc. The reference to SCI indicates that BHSL, while certainly a member of the growing family of simulation languages, was designed to meet standardization guidelines established by the Simulation Software Committee of Simulation Councils Incorporated.
{"title":"Basic Hytran Simulation Language: BHSL","authors":"J. Strauss","doi":"10.1145/1464291.1464356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1464291.1464356","url":null,"abstract":"An appropriate subtitle for this paper might read: \"A Fortran Compatible Dialect of the SCI Continuous System Simulation Language.\" Here the words \"continuous system\" distinguish the application area of interest from that encompassed by the event based simulation languages of the genre of GPSS, SIMSCRIPT, etc. The reference to SCI indicates that BHSL, while certainly a member of the growing family of simulation languages, was designed to meet standardization guidelines established by the Simulation Software Committee of Simulation Councils Incorporated.","PeriodicalId":297471,"journal":{"name":"AFIPS '66 (Fall)","volume":"293 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1966-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123738758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An ultrasonic position-sensing device has been designed which will allow a computer to determine periodically the x, y, and z coordinates of the tip of a pen-sized wand. The device can replace the lightpen and RAND Tablet for 2-D work, and extend the usefulness of such devices by virtue of the extra dimension available. The extremely large working space in which the WAND can operate allows it to be used for an entirely new set of pointing functions not directly connected with a display as well as the normal display control functions.
{"title":"The Lincoln WAND","authors":"Lawrence G. Roberts","doi":"10.1145/1464291.1464317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1464291.1464317","url":null,"abstract":"An ultrasonic position-sensing device has been designed which will allow a computer to determine periodically the x, y, and z coordinates of the tip of a pen-sized wand. The device can replace the lightpen and RAND Tablet for 2-D work, and extend the usefulness of such devices by virtue of the extra dimension available. The extremely large working space in which the WAND can operate allows it to be used for an entirely new set of pointing functions not directly connected with a display as well as the normal display control functions.","PeriodicalId":297471,"journal":{"name":"AFIPS '66 (Fall)","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1899-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127519831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}