Abstract Currently, most of the methods for mineral materials analysis generate secondary pollution, which is detrimental to human health. For instance, traditional methods for sphalerite analysis in the zinc (Zn) smelting industry including chemical titration, atomic absorption spectrometry, and inductively coupled atomic emission spectroscopy. Colored indicators and toxic heavy metals are used in the analytical processes, causing severe pollution. For some methods, liquid is transformed into gaseous plasma, which is more dangerous to human health. Due to large quantities of sphalerite being used, secondary pollution cannot be ignored. This study proposes a green analysis method for the detection of sphalerite based on colorimetry, which does not generate secondary pollution. The results show that the strong substitution ability of iron (Fe) for Zn contributes to their inverse correlation in contents. The lattice parameters decrease with the increasing Fe content, resulting in a darker coloration. Here, key colorimetry parameters of L*, a*, and b* show clear linear correlations with the Zn and Fe contents. Compared with traditional approaches, this new method is environmental friendly with high sensitivity and accuracy. The relative error and relative standard deviation were less than 10% and 5%, respectively. This study provides a significant reference for nonpollution determination of other mineral materials.
{"title":"A new method to determine composition of sphalerite without secondary pollution based on CIELAB color space","authors":"Yong Liu, Ning Duan, Linhua Jiang, Hongping He, Han Cheng, Jiaqi Liao, Yanli Xu, Wen Cheng, Ying Chen, Guangbin Zhu, Fuyuan Xu","doi":"10.1002/sus2.161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sus2.161","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Currently, most of the methods for mineral materials analysis generate secondary pollution, which is detrimental to human health. For instance, traditional methods for sphalerite analysis in the zinc (Zn) smelting industry including chemical titration, atomic absorption spectrometry, and inductively coupled atomic emission spectroscopy. Colored indicators and toxic heavy metals are used in the analytical processes, causing severe pollution. For some methods, liquid is transformed into gaseous plasma, which is more dangerous to human health. Due to large quantities of sphalerite being used, secondary pollution cannot be ignored. This study proposes a green analysis method for the detection of sphalerite based on colorimetry, which does not generate secondary pollution. The results show that the strong substitution ability of iron (Fe) for Zn contributes to their inverse correlation in contents. The lattice parameters decrease with the increasing Fe content, resulting in a darker coloration. Here, key colorimetry parameters of L*, a*, and b* show clear linear correlations with the Zn and Fe contents. Compared with traditional approaches, this new method is environmental friendly with high sensitivity and accuracy. The relative error and relative standard deviation were less than 10% and 5%, respectively. This study provides a significant reference for nonpollution determination of other mineral materials.","PeriodicalId":29781,"journal":{"name":"SusMat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135606037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Boyang Liu, Shengda D. Pu, Christopher Doerrer, Dominic Spencer Jolly, Robert A. House, Dominic L. R. Melvin, Paul Adamson, Patrick S. Grant, Xiangwen Gao, Peter G. Bruce
Abstract Solid‐state lithium batteries may provide increased energy density and improved safety compared with Li‐ion technology. However, in a solid‐state composite cathode, mechanical degradation due to repeated cathode volume changes during cycling may occur, which may be partially mitigated by applying a significant, but often impractical, uniaxial stack pressure. Herein, we compare the behavior of composite electrodes based on Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 (LTO) (negligible volume change) and Nb 2 O 5 (+4% expansion) cycled at different stack pressures. The initial LTO capacity and retention are not affected by pressure but for Nb 2 O 5 , they are significantly lower when a stack pressure of <2 MPa is applied, due to inter‐particle cracking and solid‐solid contact loss because of cyclic volume changes. This work confirms the importance of cathode mechanical stability and the stack pressures for long‐term cyclability for solid‐state batteries. This suggests that low volume‐change cathode materials or a proper buffer layer are required for solid‐state batteries, especially at low stack pressures.
与锂离子技术相比，固态锂电池可以提供更高的能量密度和更高的安全性。然而，在固态复合阴极中，由于循环过程中阴极体积的反复变化，可能会发生机械退化，这可以通过施加一个显著的，但通常不切实际的单轴堆叠压力来部分减轻。在这里，我们比较了基于Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 (LTO)(可忽略体积变化)和Nb 2 O 5(+4%膨胀)的复合电极在不同堆叠压力下循环的行为。初始LTO容量和保留率不受压力的影响，但对于n2o5，当施加< 2mpa的堆积压力时，由于循环体积变化引起的颗粒间开裂和固-固接触损失，它们明显降低。这项工作证实了阴极机械稳定性和堆压对固态电池长期可循环性的重要性。这表明固态电池需要低体积变化的阴极材料或适当的缓冲层，特别是在低堆叠压力下。
{"title":"The effect of volume change and stack pressure on solid‐state battery cathodes","authors":"Boyang Liu, Shengda D. Pu, Christopher Doerrer, Dominic Spencer Jolly, Robert A. House, Dominic L. R. Melvin, Paul Adamson, Patrick S. Grant, Xiangwen Gao, Peter G. Bruce","doi":"10.1002/sus2.162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sus2.162","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Solid‐state lithium batteries may provide increased energy density and improved safety compared with Li‐ion technology. However, in a solid‐state composite cathode, mechanical degradation due to repeated cathode volume changes during cycling may occur, which may be partially mitigated by applying a significant, but often impractical, uniaxial stack pressure. Herein, we compare the behavior of composite electrodes based on Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 (LTO) (negligible volume change) and Nb 2 O 5 (+4% expansion) cycled at different stack pressures. The initial LTO capacity and retention are not affected by pressure but for Nb 2 O 5 , they are significantly lower when a stack pressure of <2 MPa is applied, due to inter‐particle cracking and solid‐solid contact loss because of cyclic volume changes. This work confirms the importance of cathode mechanical stability and the stack pressures for long‐term cyclability for solid‐state batteries. This suggests that low volume‐change cathode materials or a proper buffer layer are required for solid‐state batteries, especially at low stack pressures.","PeriodicalId":29781,"journal":{"name":"SusMat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135661838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abundant carbon sources, such as CH4, CO2, biomass, and plastics, the process of pyrolysis in its molten state facilitates the generation of high-value carbon materials. These materials, encompassing but not confined to carbon black, carbon nanotubes, and graphene, exhibit profound potential for exploitation across a broad spectrum of applications, most notably in the arenas of supercapacitors and flexible materials.
{"title":"Recent Progress in Melt Pyrolysis: Fabrication and Applications of High‐Value Carbon Materials from Abundant Sources","authors":"Kuikui Zhang, Zeai Huang, Mingkai Yang, Mengying Liu, Yunxiao Zhou, Junjie Zhan, Ying Zhou","doi":"10.1002/sus2.165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sus2.165","url":null,"abstract":"Abundant carbon sources, such as CH4, CO2, biomass, and plastics, the process of pyrolysis in its molten state facilitates the generation of high-value carbon materials. These materials, encompassing but not confined to carbon black, carbon nanotubes, and graphene, exhibit profound potential for exploitation across a broad spectrum of applications, most notably in the arenas of supercapacitors and flexible materials.","PeriodicalId":29781,"journal":{"name":"SusMat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136009269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guang‐Xing Liang, Chuan‐Hao Li, Jun Zhao, Yi Fu, Zi‐Xuan Yu, Zhuang‐Hao Zheng, Zheng‐Hua Su, Ping Fan, Xiang‐Hua Zhang, Jing‐Ting Luo, Liming Ding, Shuo Chen
Abstract Kesterite Cu 2 ZnSn(S,Se) 4 (CZTSSe) is a promising candidate for photodetector (PD) applications thanks to its excellent optoelectronic properties. In this work, a green solution‐ processed spin coating and selenization‐processed thermodynamic or kinetic growth of high‐quality narrow bandgap kesterite CZTSSe thin film is developed. A self‐powered CZTSSe/CdS thin‐film PD is then successfully fabricated. Under optimization of light absorber and heterojunction interface, especially tailoring the defect and carrier kinetics, it can achieve broadband response from 300 to 1300 nm, accompanied with a high responsivity of 1.37 A/W, specific detectivity ( D *) up to 4.0 × 10 14 Jones under 5 nW/cm 2 , a linear dynamic range (LDR) of 126 dB, and a maximum I light / I dark ratio of 1.3 × 10 8 within the LDR, and ultrafast response speed (rise/decay time of 16 ns/85 ns), representing the leading‐level performance to date, which is superior to those of commercial and well‐researched photodiodes. Additionally, an imaging system with a 905 nm laser is built for weak light response evaluation, and can respond to 718 pW weak light and infrared imaging at a wavelength as low as 5 nW/cm 2 . It has also been employed for photoplethysmography detection of pulsating signals at both the finger and wrist, presenting obvious arterial blood volume changes, demonstrating great application potential in broadband and weak light photodetection scenarios.
{"title":"Self‐powered broadband kesterite photodetector with ultrahigh specific detectivity for weak light applications","authors":"Guang‐Xing Liang, Chuan‐Hao Li, Jun Zhao, Yi Fu, Zi‐Xuan Yu, Zhuang‐Hao Zheng, Zheng‐Hua Su, Ping Fan, Xiang‐Hua Zhang, Jing‐Ting Luo, Liming Ding, Shuo Chen","doi":"10.1002/sus2.160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sus2.160","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Kesterite Cu 2 ZnSn(S,Se) 4 (CZTSSe) is a promising candidate for photodetector (PD) applications thanks to its excellent optoelectronic properties. In this work, a green solution‐ processed spin coating and selenization‐processed thermodynamic or kinetic growth of high‐quality narrow bandgap kesterite CZTSSe thin film is developed. A self‐powered CZTSSe/CdS thin‐film PD is then successfully fabricated. Under optimization of light absorber and heterojunction interface, especially tailoring the defect and carrier kinetics, it can achieve broadband response from 300 to 1300 nm, accompanied with a high responsivity of 1.37 A/W, specific detectivity ( D *) up to 4.0 × 10 14 Jones under 5 nW/cm 2 , a linear dynamic range (LDR) of 126 dB, and a maximum I light / I dark ratio of 1.3 × 10 8 within the LDR, and ultrafast response speed (rise/decay time of 16 ns/85 ns), representing the leading‐level performance to date, which is superior to those of commercial and well‐researched photodiodes. Additionally, an imaging system with a 905 nm laser is built for weak light response evaluation, and can respond to 718 pW weak light and infrared imaging at a wavelength as low as 5 nW/cm 2 . It has also been employed for photoplethysmography detection of pulsating signals at both the finger and wrist, presenting obvious arterial blood volume changes, demonstrating great application potential in broadband and weak light photodetection scenarios.","PeriodicalId":29781,"journal":{"name":"SusMat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135769108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In recent years, countries worldwide have engaged actively in the research and development of green and sustainable materials in the face of the increasing depletion of petroleum resources, the need to reduce material waste, and the environmental pollution caused by the various types of waste. In the tire industry, the key materials for the various components of tires are mostly dependent on petroleum resources. Development of green tires and green processing technologies using sustainable materials is an important development direction for the future of the tire industry, and many tire‐manufacturing companies have proposed their visions for the development of eco‐friendly tires. Rubber, cord fabric, and additives are the main materials used in tire manufacturing. This article summarizes the research status of the green materials that can meet the requirements of environmental friendliness and sustainability, replace traditional materials, and reduce petroleum resource consumption in existing tire production. These materials mainly include natural rubber or bio‐based synthetic rubber, green renewable cord fabrics, and green processing additives. The prospects for the application of these new green materials in tire manufacturing are also discussed.
{"title":"Research progress on sustainability of key tire materials","authors":"Sai Deng, Ruixin Chen, Shiyu Duan, Qingxiu Jia, Xinmin Hao, Liqun Zhang","doi":"10.1002/sus2.159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sus2.159","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In recent years, countries worldwide have engaged actively in the research and development of green and sustainable materials in the face of the increasing depletion of petroleum resources, the need to reduce material waste, and the environmental pollution caused by the various types of waste. In the tire industry, the key materials for the various components of tires are mostly dependent on petroleum resources. Development of green tires and green processing technologies using sustainable materials is an important development direction for the future of the tire industry, and many tire‐manufacturing companies have proposed their visions for the development of eco‐friendly tires. Rubber, cord fabric, and additives are the main materials used in tire manufacturing. This article summarizes the research status of the green materials that can meet the requirements of environmental friendliness and sustainability, replace traditional materials, and reduce petroleum resource consumption in existing tire production. These materials mainly include natural rubber or bio‐based synthetic rubber, green renewable cord fabrics, and green processing additives. The prospects for the application of these new green materials in tire manufacturing are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":29781,"journal":{"name":"SusMat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136016160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have exhibited tremendous potential in photovoltaic fields owing to their appreciable performance and simple fabrication. Nevertheless, device performances are still required to be further improved before commercial applications. As one‐dimensional materials, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been utilized to regulate stability and efficiency of PSCs because of their excellent chemical stability, flexibility, as well as tunable optical and electrical characteristics. In this review, we comprehensively summarize various functions of CNTs in PSCs, such as transparent electrodes, hole/electron‐transport layers, counter electrodes, perovskite additives, and interlayers. Additionally, applications of CNTs toward the advancement of flexible and semitransparent PSCs are provided. Finally, we preview the challenges and research interests of using CNTs in high‐efficiency and stable perovskite devices.
{"title":"Recent advances of carbon nanotubes in perovskite solar cells","authors":"Xian‐Gang Hu, Zhenhua Lin, Liming Ding, Jingjing Chang","doi":"10.1002/sus2.158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sus2.158","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have exhibited tremendous potential in photovoltaic fields owing to their appreciable performance and simple fabrication. Nevertheless, device performances are still required to be further improved before commercial applications. As one‐dimensional materials, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been utilized to regulate stability and efficiency of PSCs because of their excellent chemical stability, flexibility, as well as tunable optical and electrical characteristics. In this review, we comprehensively summarize various functions of CNTs in PSCs, such as transparent electrodes, hole/electron‐transport layers, counter electrodes, perovskite additives, and interlayers. Additionally, applications of CNTs toward the advancement of flexible and semitransparent PSCs are provided. Finally, we preview the challenges and research interests of using CNTs in high‐efficiency and stable perovskite devices.","PeriodicalId":29781,"journal":{"name":"SusMat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135154822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yanru Yin, Dongdong Xiao, Shuai Wu, Eman Husni Da'as, Yueyuan Gu, Lei Bi
Abstract The development of proton, oxygen‐ion, and electron mixed conducting materials, known as triple‐conduction materials, as cathodes for proton‐conducting solid oxide fuel cells (H‐SOFCs) is highly desired because they can increase fuel cell performance by extending the reaction active area. Although oxygen‐ion and electron conductions can be measured directly, proton conduction in these oxides is usually estimated indirectly. Because of the instability of cathode materials in a reducing environment, direct measurement of proton conduction in cathode oxide is difficult. The La 0.8 Sr 0.2 Sc 0.5 Fe 0.5 O 3– δ (LSSF) cathode material is proposed for H‐SOFCs in this study, which can survive in an H 2 ‐containing atmosphere, allowing measurement of proton conduction in LSSF by hydrogen permeation technology. Furthermore, LSSF is discovered to be a unique proton and electron mixed‐conductive material with limited oxygen diffusion capability that is specifically designed for H‐SOFCs. The LSSF is an appealing cathode choice for H‐SOFCs due to its outstanding CO 2 tolerance and matched thermal expansion coefficient, producing a record‐high performance of 2032 mW cm −2 at 700°C and good long‐term stability under operational conditions. The current study reveals that a new type of proton–electron mixed conducting cathode can provide promising performance for H‐SOFCs, opening the way for developing high‐performance cathodes.
质子、氧离子和电子混合导电材料的开发，被称为三重导电材料，作为质子导电固体氧化物燃料电池(H - SOFCs)的阴极是非常需要的，因为它们可以通过扩大反应活性区域来提高燃料电池的性能。虽然氧离子和电子的电导率可以直接测量，但这些氧化物中的质子电导率通常是间接估计的。由于阴极材料在还原环境中的不稳定性，直接测量阴极氧化物中的质子传导是困难的。本研究提出了La 0.8 Sr 0.2 Sc 0.5 Fe 0.5 O 3 - δ (LSSF)阴极材料，该材料可以在含h2的大气中存活，可以通过氢渗透技术测量LSSF中的质子传导。此外，LSSF被发现是一种独特的质子和电子混合导电材料，具有有限的氧扩散能力，是专门为氢sofc设计的。LSSF是氢sofc极具吸引力的阴极选择，因为它具有出色的CO 2容忍度和匹配的热膨胀系数，在700°C下可产生创纪录的2032 mW cm - 2的高性能，并且在运行条件下具有良好的长期稳定性。目前的研究表明，一种新型的质子-电子混合导电阴极可以为氢SOFCs提供良好的性能，为开发高性能阴极开辟了道路。
{"title":"A real proton‐conductive, robust, and cobalt‐free cathode for proton‐conducting solid oxide fuel cells with exceptional performance","authors":"Yanru Yin, Dongdong Xiao, Shuai Wu, Eman Husni Da'as, Yueyuan Gu, Lei Bi","doi":"10.1002/sus2.156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sus2.156","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The development of proton, oxygen‐ion, and electron mixed conducting materials, known as triple‐conduction materials, as cathodes for proton‐conducting solid oxide fuel cells (H‐SOFCs) is highly desired because they can increase fuel cell performance by extending the reaction active area. Although oxygen‐ion and electron conductions can be measured directly, proton conduction in these oxides is usually estimated indirectly. Because of the instability of cathode materials in a reducing environment, direct measurement of proton conduction in cathode oxide is difficult. The La 0.8 Sr 0.2 Sc 0.5 Fe 0.5 O 3– δ (LSSF) cathode material is proposed for H‐SOFCs in this study, which can survive in an H 2 ‐containing atmosphere, allowing measurement of proton conduction in LSSF by hydrogen permeation technology. Furthermore, LSSF is discovered to be a unique proton and electron mixed‐conductive material with limited oxygen diffusion capability that is specifically designed for H‐SOFCs. The LSSF is an appealing cathode choice for H‐SOFCs due to its outstanding CO 2 tolerance and matched thermal expansion coefficient, producing a record‐high performance of 2032 mW cm −2 at 700°C and good long‐term stability under operational conditions. The current study reveals that a new type of proton–electron mixed conducting cathode can provide promising performance for H‐SOFCs, opening the way for developing high‐performance cathodes.","PeriodicalId":29781,"journal":{"name":"SusMat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134990114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Thermoelectric sensors have attracted increasing attention in smart wearables due to the recognition of multiple signals in self‐powered mode. However, present thermoelectric devices show disadvantages of low durability, weak wearability, and complex preparation processes and are susceptible to moisture in the microenvironment of the human body, which hinders their further application in wearable electronics. Herein, we prepared a new thermoelectric fabric with thermoplastic polyurethane/carbon nanotubes (TPU/CNTs) by combining vacuum filtration and electrospraying techniques. Electrospraying TPU microsphere coating with good biocompatibility and environmental friendliness made the fabric worn directly and exhibits preferred water resistance, mechanical durability, and stability even after being bent 4000 times, stretched 1000 times, and washed 1000 times. Moreover, this fabric showed a Seebeck coefficient of 49 μV K −1 and strain range of 250% and could collect signals well and avoided interference from moisture. Based on the biocompatibility and safety of the fabric, it can be fabricated into devices and mounted on the human face and elbow for long‐term and continuous collection of data on the body's motion and breathing simultaneously to provide collaborative support information. This thermoelectric fabric‐based sensor will show great potential in advanced smart wearables for health monitoring, motion detection, and human–computer interaction.
{"title":"A waterproof, environment‐friendly, multifunctional, and stretchable thermoelectric fabric for continuous self‐powered personal health signal collection at high humidity","authors":"Xinyang He, Bingyi Li, Jiaxin Cai, Honghua Zhang, Chengzu Li, Xinxin Li, Jianyong Yu, Liming Wang, Xiaohong Qin","doi":"10.1002/sus2.155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sus2.155","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Thermoelectric sensors have attracted increasing attention in smart wearables due to the recognition of multiple signals in self‐powered mode. However, present thermoelectric devices show disadvantages of low durability, weak wearability, and complex preparation processes and are susceptible to moisture in the microenvironment of the human body, which hinders their further application in wearable electronics. Herein, we prepared a new thermoelectric fabric with thermoplastic polyurethane/carbon nanotubes (TPU/CNTs) by combining vacuum filtration and electrospraying techniques. Electrospraying TPU microsphere coating with good biocompatibility and environmental friendliness made the fabric worn directly and exhibits preferred water resistance, mechanical durability, and stability even after being bent 4000 times, stretched 1000 times, and washed 1000 times. Moreover, this fabric showed a Seebeck coefficient of 49 μV K −1 and strain range of 250% and could collect signals well and avoided interference from moisture. Based on the biocompatibility and safety of the fabric, it can be fabricated into devices and mounted on the human face and elbow for long‐term and continuous collection of data on the body's motion and breathing simultaneously to provide collaborative support information. This thermoelectric fabric‐based sensor will show great potential in advanced smart wearables for health monitoring, motion detection, and human–computer interaction.","PeriodicalId":29781,"journal":{"name":"SusMat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135981872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The escalating demand for sophisticated carbon products, including carbon black, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and graphene, has yet to be adequately addressed by conventional techniques with respect to large‐scale, efficient, and controllable carbon material synthesis. Molten pyrolysis emerges as a propitious strategy for generating such high‐value carbon materials. Abundant carbon sources encompassing methane (CH 4 ), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), biomass, and plastics can undergo thermal decomposition into carbon constituents within molten metal or salt media. This methodology not only obviates dependence on traditional fossil fuels but additionally enables modulation of carbon material morphologies by varying the molten media, thereby presenting substantial potential for effective and controlled carbon material fabrication. In this review, we examine the capacity of molten pyrolysis in producing high‐value carbon materials derived from CH 4 , CO 2 , biomass, and plastics. Concurrently, we present a detailed overview of the potential applications of this novel methodology, particularly emphasizing its relevance in the fields of supercapacitors, flexible materials, and electrochemical cells. Furthermore, we contemplate future trajectories for molten pyrolysis, accentuating that amalgamation with auxiliary processes or technologies—like renewable energy systems and carbon capture and storage—represents a remarkably promising route for continued investigation.
{"title":"Recent progress in melt pyrolysis: Fabrication and applications of high‐value carbon materials from abundant sources","authors":"Kuikui Zhang, Zeai Huang, Mingkai Yang, Mengying Liu, Yunxiao Zhou, Junjie Zhan, Ying Zhou","doi":"10.1002/sus2.157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sus2.157","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The escalating demand for sophisticated carbon products, including carbon black, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and graphene, has yet to be adequately addressed by conventional techniques with respect to large‐scale, efficient, and controllable carbon material synthesis. Molten pyrolysis emerges as a propitious strategy for generating such high‐value carbon materials. Abundant carbon sources encompassing methane (CH 4 ), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), biomass, and plastics can undergo thermal decomposition into carbon constituents within molten metal or salt media. This methodology not only obviates dependence on traditional fossil fuels but additionally enables modulation of carbon material morphologies by varying the molten media, thereby presenting substantial potential for effective and controlled carbon material fabrication. In this review, we examine the capacity of molten pyrolysis in producing high‐value carbon materials derived from CH 4 , CO 2 , biomass, and plastics. Concurrently, we present a detailed overview of the potential applications of this novel methodology, particularly emphasizing its relevance in the fields of supercapacitors, flexible materials, and electrochemical cells. Furthermore, we contemplate future trajectories for molten pyrolysis, accentuating that amalgamation with auxiliary processes or technologies—like renewable energy systems and carbon capture and storage—represents a remarkably promising route for continued investigation.","PeriodicalId":29781,"journal":{"name":"SusMat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136023945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：