Pub Date : 2025-03-12eCollection Date: 2025-03-24DOI: 10.1021/prechem.5c00023
Ben L Feringa
{"title":"The Art of Building Small.","authors":"Ben L Feringa","doi":"10.1021/prechem.5c00023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/prechem.5c00023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29793,"journal":{"name":"Precision Chemistry","volume":"3 3","pages":"108-109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11938161/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143731921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-11DOI: 10.1021/prechem.5c0002310.1021/prechem.5c00023
Ben L. Feringa,
{"title":"The Art of Building Small","authors":"Ben L. Feringa, ","doi":"10.1021/prechem.5c0002310.1021/prechem.5c00023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/prechem.5c00023https://doi.org/10.1021/prechem.5c00023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29793,"journal":{"name":"Precision Chemistry","volume":"3 3","pages":"108–109 108–109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/prechem.5c00023","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-05DOI: 10.1021/prechem.4c0010310.1021/prechem.4c00103
Yan Wang, Yang Zhang, Shuhua Li, Wang Sun, Zhen Zhang, Guofu Zhou, Ben L. Feringa* and Jiawen Chen*,
Photoresponsive coatings that can change their color in response to light at ambient temperature have large potential applications. Cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs) are promising photochromic materials, as they are known to reflect light selectively and their optical properties can be modulated with a wide range. However, it remains a major challenge to fabricate photoresponsive coatings that combine fast and good responsivity, fabrication feasibility, and mechanical strength and, more importantly, that can be applied at a large area with excellent stability. In this study, Pickering emulsions containing CLC microdroplets doped with light-driven molecular motors as photoresponsive chiral dopants were prepared via cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) which serve as both Pickering emulsifiers and alignment agents of CLCs. A melamine–formaldehyde (MF) resin hybrid shell was fabricated via in situ polymerization to form thermally stable CLC microcapsules. These microcapsules were mixed with curable binders, resulting in photoresponsive coatings. The photochromic material which features highly selective addressability of the reflective light wavelength in the visible light region, good reversibility, and viewing angle independence was painted in a large area on both hard and soft substrates, providing a versatile platform for enhanced encryption and smart coatings.
{"title":"Photoresponsive Coatings by Light-Driven Molecular Motors in Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Microcapsules","authors":"Yan Wang, Yang Zhang, Shuhua Li, Wang Sun, Zhen Zhang, Guofu Zhou, Ben L. Feringa* and Jiawen Chen*, ","doi":"10.1021/prechem.4c0010310.1021/prechem.4c00103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/prechem.4c00103https://doi.org/10.1021/prechem.4c00103","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Photoresponsive coatings that can change their color in response to light at ambient temperature have large potential applications. Cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs) are promising photochromic materials, as they are known to reflect light selectively and their optical properties can be modulated with a wide range. However, it remains a major challenge to fabricate photoresponsive coatings that combine fast and good responsivity, fabrication feasibility, and mechanical strength and, more importantly, that can be applied at a large area with excellent stability. In this study, Pickering emulsions containing CLC microdroplets doped with light-driven molecular motors as photoresponsive chiral dopants were prepared via cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) which serve as both Pickering emulsifiers and alignment agents of CLCs. A melamine–formaldehyde (MF) resin hybrid shell was fabricated via in situ polymerization to form thermally stable CLC microcapsules. These microcapsules were mixed with curable binders, resulting in photoresponsive coatings. The photochromic material which features highly selective addressability of the reflective light wavelength in the visible light region, good reversibility, and viewing angle independence was painted in a large area on both hard and soft substrates, providing a versatile platform for enhanced encryption and smart coatings.</p>","PeriodicalId":29793,"journal":{"name":"Precision Chemistry","volume":"3 3","pages":"149–156 149–156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/prechem.4c00103","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-05eCollection Date: 2025-03-24DOI: 10.1021/prechem.4c00103
Yan Wang, Yang Zhang, Shuhua Li, Wang Sun, Zhen Zhang, Guofu Zhou, Ben L Feringa, Jiawen Chen
Photoresponsive coatings that can change their color in response to light at ambient temperature have large potential applications. Cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs) are promising photochromic materials, as they are known to reflect light selectively and their optical properties can be modulated with a wide range. However, it remains a major challenge to fabricate photoresponsive coatings that combine fast and good responsivity, fabrication feasibility, and mechanical strength and, more importantly, that can be applied at a large area with excellent stability. In this study, Pickering emulsions containing CLC microdroplets doped with light-driven molecular motors as photoresponsive chiral dopants were prepared via cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) which serve as both Pickering emulsifiers and alignment agents of CLCs. A melamine-formaldehyde (MF) resin hybrid shell was fabricated via in situ polymerization to form thermally stable CLC microcapsules. These microcapsules were mixed with curable binders, resulting in photoresponsive coatings. The photochromic material which features highly selective addressability of the reflective light wavelength in the visible light region, good reversibility, and viewing angle independence was painted in a large area on both hard and soft substrates, providing a versatile platform for enhanced encryption and smart coatings.
{"title":"Photoresponsive Coatings by Light-Driven Molecular Motors in Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Microcapsules.","authors":"Yan Wang, Yang Zhang, Shuhua Li, Wang Sun, Zhen Zhang, Guofu Zhou, Ben L Feringa, Jiawen Chen","doi":"10.1021/prechem.4c00103","DOIUrl":"10.1021/prechem.4c00103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Photoresponsive coatings that can change their color in response to light at ambient temperature have large potential applications. Cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs) are promising photochromic materials, as they are known to reflect light selectively and their optical properties can be modulated with a wide range. However, it remains a major challenge to fabricate photoresponsive coatings that combine fast and good responsivity, fabrication feasibility, and mechanical strength and, more importantly, that can be applied at a large area with excellent stability. In this study, Pickering emulsions containing CLC microdroplets doped with light-driven molecular motors as photoresponsive chiral dopants were prepared via cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) which serve as both Pickering emulsifiers and alignment agents of CLCs. A melamine-formaldehyde (MF) resin hybrid shell was fabricated via in situ polymerization to form thermally stable CLC microcapsules. These microcapsules were mixed with curable binders, resulting in photoresponsive coatings. The photochromic material which features highly selective addressability of the reflective light wavelength in the visible light region, good reversibility, and viewing angle independence was painted in a large area on both hard and soft substrates, providing a versatile platform for enhanced encryption and smart coatings.</p>","PeriodicalId":29793,"journal":{"name":"Precision Chemistry","volume":"3 3","pages":"149-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11938165/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143731915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-10DOI: 10.1021/prechem.4c0008410.1021/prechem.4c00084
Yang Liu, Ziren Wang, Guoliang Hu, Xiaomeng Chen, Ke Xu, Yuqiao Guo*, Yi Xie and Changzheng Wu*,
The past few decades have witnessed significant development in intercalation chemistry research aimed at precisely controlling material properties. Intercalation, as a powerful surface and interface synthesis strategy, facilitates the insertion of external guests into van der Waals (vdW) gaps in two-dimensional (2D) layered materials, inducing various modulation effects (the weakening of interlayer interactions, changes in electronic structures, interfacial charge transfer, and symmetry manipulation) to tailor material properties while preserving intralayer covalent bonds. Importantly, benefiting from the very diverse structures and properties of organic molecules, their intercalation enables the integration of various molecules with a wide array of 2D materials, resulting in the creation of numerous organic–inorganic hybrid superlattices with exotic properties, which brings extensive potential applications in fields such as spintronics, superconductor electronics, optoelectronics, and thermoelectrics. Herein, based on recent advancements in organic intercalation systems, we briefly discuss a summary and classification of various organic guest species. We also discuss three modulation effects induced by organic intercalation and further introduce intriguing modulations in physicochemical properties, including superconductivity, magnetism, thermoelectricity and thermal conductivity, chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effects, and interlayer-confined chemical reaction. Finally, we offer insights into future research opportunities and emerging challenges in organic intercalation systems.
{"title":"Precision Intercalation of Organic Molecules in 2D Layered Materials: From Interface Chemistry to Low-Dimensional Physics","authors":"Yang Liu, Ziren Wang, Guoliang Hu, Xiaomeng Chen, Ke Xu, Yuqiao Guo*, Yi Xie and Changzheng Wu*, ","doi":"10.1021/prechem.4c0008410.1021/prechem.4c00084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/prechem.4c00084https://doi.org/10.1021/prechem.4c00084","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The past few decades have witnessed significant development in intercalation chemistry research aimed at precisely controlling material properties. Intercalation, as a powerful surface and interface synthesis strategy, facilitates the insertion of external guests into van der Waals (vdW) gaps in two-dimensional (2D) layered materials, inducing various modulation effects (the weakening of interlayer interactions, changes in electronic structures, interfacial charge transfer, and symmetry manipulation) to tailor material properties while preserving intralayer covalent bonds. Importantly, benefiting from the very diverse structures and properties of organic molecules, their intercalation enables the integration of various molecules with a wide array of 2D materials, resulting in the creation of numerous organic–inorganic hybrid superlattices with exotic properties, which brings extensive potential applications in fields such as spintronics, superconductor electronics, optoelectronics, and thermoelectrics. Herein, based on recent advancements in organic intercalation systems, we briefly discuss a summary and classification of various organic guest species. We also discuss three modulation effects induced by organic intercalation and further introduce intriguing modulations in physicochemical properties, including superconductivity, magnetism, thermoelectricity and thermal conductivity, chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effects, and interlayer-confined chemical reaction. Finally, we offer insights into future research opportunities and emerging challenges in organic intercalation systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":29793,"journal":{"name":"Precision Chemistry","volume":"3 2","pages":"51–71 51–71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/prechem.4c00084","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143473674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-10eCollection Date: 2025-02-24DOI: 10.1021/prechem.4c00084
Yang Liu, Ziren Wang, Guoliang Hu, Xiaomeng Chen, Ke Xu, Yuqiao Guo, Yi Xie, Changzheng Wu
The past few decades have witnessed significant development in intercalation chemistry research aimed at precisely controlling material properties. Intercalation, as a powerful surface and interface synthesis strategy, facilitates the insertion of external guests into van der Waals (vdW) gaps in two-dimensional (2D) layered materials, inducing various modulation effects (the weakening of interlayer interactions, changes in electronic structures, interfacial charge transfer, and symmetry manipulation) to tailor material properties while preserving intralayer covalent bonds. Importantly, benefiting from the very diverse structures and properties of organic molecules, their intercalation enables the integration of various molecules with a wide array of 2D materials, resulting in the creation of numerous organic-inorganic hybrid superlattices with exotic properties, which brings extensive potential applications in fields such as spintronics, superconductor electronics, optoelectronics, and thermoelectrics. Herein, based on recent advancements in organic intercalation systems, we briefly discuss a summary and classification of various organic guest species. We also discuss three modulation effects induced by organic intercalation and further introduce intriguing modulations in physicochemical properties, including superconductivity, magnetism, thermoelectricity and thermal conductivity, chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effects, and interlayer-confined chemical reaction. Finally, we offer insights into future research opportunities and emerging challenges in organic intercalation systems.
{"title":"Precision Intercalation of Organic Molecules in 2D Layered Materials: From Interface Chemistry to Low-Dimensional Physics.","authors":"Yang Liu, Ziren Wang, Guoliang Hu, Xiaomeng Chen, Ke Xu, Yuqiao Guo, Yi Xie, Changzheng Wu","doi":"10.1021/prechem.4c00084","DOIUrl":"10.1021/prechem.4c00084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The past few decades have witnessed significant development in intercalation chemistry research aimed at precisely controlling material properties. Intercalation, as a powerful surface and interface synthesis strategy, facilitates the insertion of external guests into van der Waals (vdW) gaps in two-dimensional (2D) layered materials, inducing various modulation effects (the weakening of interlayer interactions, changes in electronic structures, interfacial charge transfer, and symmetry manipulation) to tailor material properties while preserving intralayer covalent bonds. Importantly, benefiting from the very diverse structures and properties of organic molecules, their intercalation enables the integration of various molecules with a wide array of 2D materials, resulting in the creation of numerous organic-inorganic hybrid superlattices with exotic properties, which brings extensive potential applications in fields such as spintronics, superconductor electronics, optoelectronics, and thermoelectrics. Herein, based on recent advancements in organic intercalation systems, we briefly discuss a summary and classification of various organic guest species. We also discuss three modulation effects induced by organic intercalation and further introduce intriguing modulations in physicochemical properties, including superconductivity, magnetism, thermoelectricity and thermal conductivity, chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effects, and interlayer-confined chemical reaction. Finally, we offer insights into future research opportunities and emerging challenges in organic intercalation systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":29793,"journal":{"name":"Precision Chemistry","volume":"3 2","pages":"51-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11863159/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143524569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-08eCollection Date: 2025-03-24DOI: 10.1021/prechem.4c00081
Er-Fei Zhen, Bing-Yu Liu, Meng-Ke Zhang, Lu Lu Zhang, Chen-Yu Zhang, Jun Cai, Marko M Melander, Jun Huang, Yan-Xia Chen
Understanding how the electrolyte pH affects electrocatalytic activity is a topic of crucial importance in a large variety of systems. However, unraveling the origin of the pH effects is complicated often by the fact that both the reaction driving forces and reactant concentrations in the electric double layer (EDL) change simultaneously with the pH value. Herein, we employ the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) at Au(111)-aqueous solution interfaces as a model system to disentangle different pH-dependent factors. In 0.1 M NaOH, the HER current density at Au(111) in the potential range of -0.4 V < ERHE < 0 V is up to 60 times smaller than that in 0.1 M HClO4. A reaction model with proper consideration of the local reaction conditions within the EDL is developed. After correcting for the EDL effects, the rate constant for HER is only weakly pH-dependent. Our analysis unambiguously reveals that the observed pH effects are mainly due to the pH-dependent reorganization free energy, which depends on the electrostatic potential and the local reaction conditions within the EDL. Possible origins of the pH and temperature dependence of the activation energy and the electron transfer coefficients are discussed. This work suggests that factors influencing the intrinsic pH-dependent kinetics are easier to understand after proper corrections of EDL effects.
{"title":"Disentangling Multiple pH-Dependent Factors on the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction at Au(111).","authors":"Er-Fei Zhen, Bing-Yu Liu, Meng-Ke Zhang, Lu Lu Zhang, Chen-Yu Zhang, Jun Cai, Marko M Melander, Jun Huang, Yan-Xia Chen","doi":"10.1021/prechem.4c00081","DOIUrl":"10.1021/prechem.4c00081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding how the electrolyte pH affects electrocatalytic activity is a topic of crucial importance in a large variety of systems. However, unraveling the origin of the pH effects is complicated often by the fact that both the reaction driving forces and reactant concentrations in the electric double layer (EDL) change simultaneously with the pH value. Herein, we employ the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) at Au(111)-aqueous solution interfaces as a model system to disentangle different pH-dependent factors. In 0.1 M NaOH, the HER current density at Au(111) in the potential range of -0.4 V < <i>E</i> <sub>RHE</sub> < 0 V is up to 60 times smaller than that in 0.1 M HClO<sub>4</sub>. A reaction model with proper consideration of the local reaction conditions within the EDL is developed. After correcting for the EDL effects, the rate constant for HER is only weakly pH-dependent. Our analysis unambiguously reveals that the observed pH effects are mainly due to the pH-dependent reorganization free energy, which depends on the electrostatic potential and the local reaction conditions within the EDL. Possible origins of the pH and temperature dependence of the activation energy and the electron transfer coefficients are discussed. This work suggests that factors influencing the intrinsic pH-dependent kinetics are easier to understand after proper corrections of EDL effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":29793,"journal":{"name":"Precision Chemistry","volume":"3 3","pages":"135-148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11938166/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143731914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-08DOI: 10.1021/prechem.4c0008110.1021/prechem.4c00081
Er-Fei Zhen, Bing-Yu Liu, Meng-Ke Zhang, Lu−Lu Zhang, Chen-Yu Zhang, Jun Cai, Marko M. Melander, Jun Huang* and Yan-Xia Chen*,
Understanding how the electrolyte pH affects electrocatalytic activity is a topic of crucial importance in a large variety of systems. However, unraveling the origin of the pH effects is complicated often by the fact that both the reaction driving forces and reactant concentrations in the electric double layer (EDL) change simultaneously with the pH value. Herein, we employ the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) at Au(111)-aqueous solution interfaces as a model system to disentangle different pH-dependent factors. In 0.1 M NaOH, the HER current density at Au(111) in the potential range of −0.4 V < ERHE < 0 V is up to 60 times smaller than that in 0.1 M HClO4. A reaction model with proper consideration of the local reaction conditions within the EDL is developed. After correcting for the EDL effects, the rate constant for HER is only weakly pH-dependent. Our analysis unambiguously reveals that the observed pH effects are mainly due to the pH-dependent reorganization free energy, which depends on the electrostatic potential and the local reaction conditions within the EDL. Possible origins of the pH and temperature dependence of the activation energy and the electron transfer coefficients are discussed. This work suggests that factors influencing the intrinsic pH-dependent kinetics are easier to understand after proper corrections of EDL effects.
{"title":"Disentangling Multiple pH-Dependent Factors on the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction at Au(111)","authors":"Er-Fei Zhen, Bing-Yu Liu, Meng-Ke Zhang, Lu−Lu Zhang, Chen-Yu Zhang, Jun Cai, Marko M. Melander, Jun Huang* and Yan-Xia Chen*, ","doi":"10.1021/prechem.4c0008110.1021/prechem.4c00081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/prechem.4c00081https://doi.org/10.1021/prechem.4c00081","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Understanding how the electrolyte pH affects electrocatalytic activity is a topic of crucial importance in a large variety of systems. However, unraveling the origin of the pH effects is complicated often by the fact that both the reaction driving forces and reactant concentrations in the electric double layer (EDL) change simultaneously with the pH value. Herein, we employ the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) at Au(111)-aqueous solution interfaces as a model system to disentangle different pH-dependent factors. In 0.1 M NaOH, the HER current density at Au(111) in the potential range of −0.4 V < <i>E</i><sub>RHE</sub> < 0 V is up to 60 times smaller than that in 0.1 M HClO<sub>4</sub>. A reaction model with proper consideration of the local reaction conditions within the EDL is developed. After correcting for the EDL effects, the rate constant for HER is only weakly pH-dependent. Our analysis unambiguously reveals that the observed pH effects are mainly due to the pH-dependent reorganization free energy, which depends on the electrostatic potential and the local reaction conditions within the EDL. Possible origins of the pH and temperature dependence of the activation energy and the electron transfer coefficients are discussed. This work suggests that factors influencing the intrinsic pH-dependent kinetics are easier to understand after proper corrections of EDL effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":29793,"journal":{"name":"Precision Chemistry","volume":"3 3","pages":"135–148 135–148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/prechem.4c00081","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The shelf-stable heteroleptic borane B(2,6-Cl2C6H3)(3,5-Br2-2,6-F2C6H)2 (B7 ) efficiently catalyzes the solvent-free hydrogenation of various substituted indoles to indolines with an unprecedented turnover number of 8,500, which is more than 400-fold higher than that reported for B(C6F5)3 under diluted conditions. Mechanistic studies revealed that this hydrogenation proceeds via an olefin-to-nitrogen switching of Lewis bases involved in the H2-cleavage steps: initially, H2 cleavage is mediated by a frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) comprising the indole C3-carbon and boron atoms, which then switches to an FLP system comprising the indoline nitrogen and boron atoms after formation of the indoline. This study demonstrates the potential of relatively benign main-group elements for the catalytic synthesis of valuable N-containing molecules using H2.
{"title":"Boosting Turnover in the Triarylborane-Catalyzed Hydrogenation of <i>N</i>-Substituted Indoles via Olefin-to-Nitrogen Lewis Base Switching in H<sub>2</sub>-Cleavage Steps.","authors":"Taiki Hashimoto, Masakazu Tanigawa, Kimitaka Kambe, Sensuke Ogoshi, Yoichi Hoshimoto","doi":"10.1021/prechem.4c00090","DOIUrl":"10.1021/prechem.4c00090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The shelf-stable heteroleptic borane B(2,6-Cl<sub>2</sub>C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>3</sub>)(3,5-Br<sub>2</sub>-2,6-F<sub>2</sub>C<sub>6</sub>H)<sub>2</sub> (<b>B</b> <sup><b>7</b></sup> ) efficiently catalyzes the solvent-free hydrogenation of various substituted indoles to indolines with an unprecedented turnover number of 8,500, which is more than 400-fold higher than that reported for B(C<sub>6</sub>F<sub>5</sub>)<sub>3</sub> under diluted conditions. Mechanistic studies revealed that this hydrogenation proceeds via an olefin-to-nitrogen switching of Lewis bases involved in the H<sub>2</sub>-cleavage steps: initially, H<sub>2</sub> cleavage is mediated by a frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) comprising the indole C3-carbon and boron atoms, which then switches to an FLP system comprising the indoline nitrogen and boron atoms after formation of the indoline. This study demonstrates the potential of relatively benign main-group elements for the catalytic synthesis of valuable N-containing molecules using H<sub>2</sub>.</p>","PeriodicalId":29793,"journal":{"name":"Precision Chemistry","volume":"3 3","pages":"128-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11938162/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143731911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The shelf-stable heteroleptic borane B(2,6-Cl2C6H3)(3,5-Br2-2,6-F2C6H)2 (B7) efficiently catalyzes the solvent-free hydrogenation of various substituted indoles to indolines with an unprecedented turnover number of 8,500, which is more than 400-fold higher than that reported for B(C6F5)3 under diluted conditions. Mechanistic studies revealed that this hydrogenation proceeds via an olefin-to-nitrogen switching of Lewis bases involved in the H2-cleavage steps: initially, H2 cleavage is mediated by a frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) comprising the indole C3-carbon and boron atoms, which then switches to an FLP system comprising the indoline nitrogen and boron atoms after formation of the indoline. This study demonstrates the potential of relatively benign main-group elements for the catalytic synthesis of valuable N-containing molecules using H2.
{"title":"Boosting Turnover in the Triarylborane-Catalyzed Hydrogenation of N-Substituted Indoles via Olefin-to-Nitrogen Lewis Base Switching in H2-Cleavage Steps","authors":"Taiki Hashimoto, Masakazu Tanigawa, Kimitaka Kambe, Sensuke Ogoshi and Yoichi Hoshimoto*, ","doi":"10.1021/prechem.4c0009010.1021/prechem.4c00090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/prechem.4c00090https://doi.org/10.1021/prechem.4c00090","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The shelf-stable heteroleptic borane B(2,6-Cl<sub>2</sub>C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>3</sub>)(3,5-Br<sub>2</sub>-2,6-F<sub>2</sub>C<sub>6</sub>H)<sub>2</sub> (<b>B</b><sup><b>7</b></sup>) efficiently catalyzes the solvent-free hydrogenation of various substituted indoles to indolines with an unprecedented turnover number of 8,500, which is more than 400-fold higher than that reported for B(C<sub>6</sub>F<sub>5</sub>)<sub>3</sub> under diluted conditions. Mechanistic studies revealed that this hydrogenation proceeds via an olefin-to-nitrogen switching of Lewis bases involved in the H<sub>2</sub>-cleavage steps: initially, H<sub>2</sub> cleavage is mediated by a frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) comprising the indole C3-carbon and boron atoms, which then switches to an FLP system comprising the indoline nitrogen and boron atoms after formation of the indoline. This study demonstrates the potential of relatively benign main-group elements for the catalytic synthesis of valuable N-containing molecules using H<sub>2</sub>.</p>","PeriodicalId":29793,"journal":{"name":"Precision Chemistry","volume":"3 3","pages":"128–134 128–134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/prechem.4c00090","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}