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The Complex Task of Teacher Development 教师发展的复杂任务
Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.15760/nwjte.2018.13.2
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引用次数: 0
Constructivism in Practice: The Potential of Ubiquitous, “Low-Tech” Audio Devices for Literacy Development in the 21st Century 实践中的建构主义:21世纪无处不在的“低技术”音频设备对扫盲发展的潜力
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15760/NWJTE.2011.9.2.14
Dennis Jablonski
In this study, four graduate level preservice teachers used inexpensive, MP3 players preloaded with audiobooks with the objective of increasing the reading fluency and digital literacy of elementary school children. The data collected included preintervention surveys, pre/post oral reading fluency scores, a log of daily listening experiences, and preservice teacher journals. The findings indicated that student-participants‘ oral reading fluency scores improved along with the students‘ confidence in reading. Additionally, both the preservice teachers, and the student-participants reported an increased awareness of how technology can be used for literacy development and enjoyment, suggesting an enhancement of digital knowledge and skills. The 21st century skills agenda is the latest iteration of recommendations from government, business, and educator consortia, outlining basic competencies such as critical thinking and problem solving, communication and collaboration, creativity and innovation, etc., (Partnership for 21 st Century Skills, 2000). Some of this framework is familiar to readers of previous reports from as far back as the Nation at Risk (U.S. DOE, 1983), or Scans 2000 (U.S. Dept. of Labor, 1991). Unlike the previous skills agendas, the current framework clearly identifies the need for competencies related to information, communication, and technology (ICT) literacy. Demonstrating literacy in ICT means being able to: (a) Use technology as a tool to research, organize, evaluate and communicate information, (b) Use digital technologies (computers, PDAs, media players, GPS, etc.), communication/networking tools and social networks appropriately to access, manage, integrate, evaluate and create information to successfully function in a knowledge economy, and (c) Apply a fundamental understanding of the ethical/legal issues surrounding the access and use of information technologies (Partnership for 21 st Century Skills, 2000). The cultivation of the aforementioned 21 st century technology skills should be informed by past research on the so-called ―second digital divide‖, referring to disparities in online resources and expertise, to accomplish skill development. The ―second digital divide‖ departs from the dichotomous view of the ―first digital divide‖–having access or not having access to the Internet–and broadens the concept to include disparities in type of use, extent of use, and ―the additional resources that allow people to use technology well‖ (Hargittai, 2001; U.S. Dept. of Commerce, 1983; Warschauer, 2002, p. 4). This broader view of digital inequity addresses the different experiences students have using digital technologies based on their race, socio-economic status, ability, school location, teacher or other mediating social factors (i.e. friends, family, others). In consideration of new skills and new literacies that all students need for successful lives in this century, teachers are challenged with the need to incorporate vari
在本研究中,四位研究生水平的职前教师使用预加载有声读物的廉价MP3播放器,目的是提高小学儿童的阅读流畅性和数字素养。收集的数据包括干预前的调查、干预前后的口语阅读流畅性评分、日常听力体验日志和职前教师日记。研究结果表明,学生的口语阅读流畅性得分随着学生阅读信心的增强而提高。此外,职前教师和学生参与者都报告说,他们对如何利用技术提高读写能力和享受读写能力的认识有所提高,这表明数字知识和技能得到了提高。21世纪技能议程是政府、企业和教育协会建议的最新版本,概述了批判性思维和解决问题、沟通和协作、创造力和创新等基本能力(Partnership for 21st century skills, 2000)。其中一些框架对于以前的报告的读者来说是熟悉的,早在《处于危险中的国家》(美国能源部,1983年)或《扫描2000》(美国劳工部,1991年)。与以往的技能议程不同,当前的框架明确确定了对信息、通信和技术素养相关能力的需求。展示信息通信技术素养意味着能够:(a)利用技术作为研究、组织、评价和传播信息的工具;(b)适当地利用数字技术(计算机、掌上电脑、媒体播放器、全球定位系统等)、通信/联网工具和社会网络来获取、管理、整合、评价和创造信息,以便在知识经济中成功地发挥作用;(c)对获取和使用信息技术的伦理/法律问题有基本的理解(21世纪技能伙伴关系,2000年)。上述21世纪技术技能的培养应该借鉴过去对所谓“第二数字鸿沟”的研究,即在线资源和专业知识的差距,以完成技能发展。“第二次数字鸿沟”偏离了“第一次数字鸿沟”的二分法观点——是否可以访问互联网——并将概念扩大到包括使用类型、使用程度和允许人们更好地使用技术的额外资源方面的差异(Hargittai, 2001;美国商务部,1983年;Warschauer, 2002, p. 4)。这种更广泛的数字不平等观点解决了学生基于种族、社会经济地位、能力、学校位置、教师或其他中介社会因素(即朋友、家庭、其他人)使用数字技术的不同体验。考虑到所有学生在本世纪成功生活所需要的新技能和新素养,教师面临的挑战是,即使在学校预算减少的情况下,也需要将各种技术纳入课堂,进一步支持学生的兴趣并为他们的未来做好准备。[1]贾布伦斯基:《建构主义在实践中的应用:无处不在的潜力》,《低技术》出版,2011年第158期,第9(2)页。几乎所有的学生都可以使用MP3设备或其他音频播放器。从2004年到2009年,8-18岁年龄段的MP3播放器的拥有率从18%激增到76%,如果包括家里的CD播放器,几乎所有的学生都可以使用某种类型的音频播放器(Rideout, Foehr, & Roberts, 2010)。这里的立场是,重新思考这种无处不在的设备的使用可以促进真实和个性化的学习——21世纪学习的两个特征——并促进多种素养。学生(和他们的老师)不仅接触到更多的文学资源,而且通过在互联网上找到免费的有声读物,下载它们,将这些文件传输到音频设备,随着时间的推移共享和管理多个文件,他们正在发展他们在数字时代的技术敏锐度。
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引用次数: 1
The Impact of Attending an Equity-Based Conference on One Teacher Educator: Five Pedagogical Changes of Practice 参加公平会议对教师教育工作者的影响:实践中的五个教学变化
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15760/nwjte.2019.14.2.2
Rebecca G. Smith
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引用次数: 2
Using a Tuning Protocol: A Journey of Creating and Sustaining Professional Conversations Among Teacher Educators 使用调优协议:教师教育工作者之间创建和维持专业对话的旅程
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15760/nwjte.2007.5.1.2
Foster Walsh
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引用次数: 0
Public Perception: New Math and Reform Mathematics 公众认知:新数学与改革数学
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15760/NWJTE.2007.5.1.7
D. Canada
Since connections are made in the public mind between current reform ef forts in mathematics education and the changes of the past which were collectively called "new math,", the purpose of this paper is to examine these two movements more closely. First, the beginning of both movements is examined, including not only a look at the supporters of each movement, but also an examination of their initial motivations. Next, the implementation of each movement is described, both by pro.filing the main features and by looking at how they were actually put into practice. Lastly, the impact of these movements is detailed, by characterizing some of the reactions they generated. Since a well-informed public is crucial to issues of educational reform, clarifying the features of the respective movements is one way to help smooth the journey towards improved mathematics education.
由于在公众心目中,当前的数学教育改革努力与过去被统称为“新数学”的变化之间存在联系,因此本文的目的是更密切地研究这两种运动。首先,我们考察了两场运动的开始,不仅考察了两场运动的支持者,还考察了他们最初的动机。接下来,每个动作的实现都是由专业人士描述的。将主要特性归档,并观察它们是如何付诸实践的。最后,通过描述它们所产生的一些反应,详细描述了这些运动的影响。由于公众对教育改革至关重要,因此阐明各自运动的特征是帮助改善数学教育的一种方式。
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引用次数: 0
Editor's Corner: A Note from the New Editors 编辑角:新编辑的注释
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15760/nwjte.2007.5.1.1
Jason Margolis
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引用次数: 0
School-University Collaboration: Perspectives on a Hybrid Space for Literacy Learning 校际合作:一个混合识字学习空间的视角
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15760/NWJTE.2011.9.2.13
Nancy A. Place, Antony T. Smith
This paper examines the ongoing collaboration between a teacher certification literacy course and a local elementary school. Teacher candidates, elementary students, classroom teachers, and university instructors all collaborate to implement a literacy methods course, creating a hybrid space for learning in which university and school personnel work together to the benefit of all participants. The background of this collaboration is described, and literacy learning is explored from the perspective of each participant group. Themes from these perspectives suggest that structured interactions between teacher candidates and elementary students help bridge the gap between literacy concepts and classroom practice, and that participating classroom teachers and university instructors, as well as teacher candidates, learn from the ongoing examination of instructional practice. Six years ago a teacher certification literacy methods course moved from its university campus location to a K-6 elementary school located nearby. The course instructors hoped that the move would provide increased opportunities for teacher candidates to connect course content to work with children in classroom settings. The school principal and teachers who welcomed the instructors and teacher candidates hoped that their students would benefit from tutoring by the ―teacher buddies.‖ We all hoped that collaboration between university instructors and classroom teachers would provide meaningful professional development opportunities for all. We had many questions about this project. We were especially curious about whether the benefits of the collaboration would meet our expectations. Our questions were: 1. Does the collaboration between a university and an elementary school support the learning of teacher candidates? If so, how? 2. Does the collaboration between a university and an elementary school support the learning of students at the school? If so, how? 3. Does the collaboration between a university and an elementary school contribute to the learning of both classroom teachers and university instructors? In this paper we explore the perspectives of teacher candidates, students, teachers, and instructors on these three questions. We also consider themes and implications that emerge from our exploration of these perspectives on learning. 1 Place and Smith: School-University Collaboration: Perspectives on a Hybrid Space f Published by PDXScholar, 2011 148 NORTHWEST PASSAGE, 9(2) Background This collaboration takes place in the context of a two-quarter course called ―Learning, Teaching and Assessing in Reading, Writing and Communication.‖ It is the only literacy course required for teacher candidates enrolled in the University of Washington Bothell‘s postbaccalaureate K-8 teacher certification program. It occurs during fall and winter quarters, just prior to full time student teaching in the spring, and meets once a week for four academic hours. The course is taught by two tenure-li
本文考察了教师资格证扫盲课程与当地一所小学之间正在进行的合作。教师候选人、小学生、任课教师和大学讲师都合作实施识字方法课程,创造一个混合学习空间,大学和学校人员共同努力,使所有参与者受益。描述了这次合作的背景,并从每个参与者群体的角度探讨了扫盲学习。这些观点的主题表明,教师候选人和小学生之间的结构化互动有助于弥合扫盲概念和课堂实践之间的差距,参与的课堂教师和大学讲师以及教师候选人可以从教学实践的持续考试中学习。六年前,一门教师认证扫盲方法课程从大学校园搬到了附近的一所K-6小学。课程教师希望此举将为教师候选人提供更多机会,将课程内容与课堂环境中的儿童联系起来。欢迎指导员和教师候选人的学校校长和老师们希望他们的学生能从“老师伙伴”的辅导中受益。‖我们都希望大学教师和课堂教师之间的合作能够为所有人提供有意义的专业发展机会。我们对这个项目有很多疑问。我们特别想知道合作的好处是否会达到我们的期望。我们的问题是:1;大学与小学的合作是否支持教师候选人的学习?如果有,怎么做?2. 大学和小学之间的合作是否支持学生在学校的学习?如果有,怎么做?3.大学和小学之间的合作是否有助于课堂教师和大学讲师的学习?在本文中,我们探讨了教师候选人、学生、教师和辅导员对这三个问题的看法。我们还考虑了从我们对这些学习观点的探索中出现的主题和含义。1 Place and Smith:学校-大学合作:对混合空间的看法[j],出版于PDXScholar, 2011, 148 NORTHWEST PASSAGE, 9(2)。‖这是参加华盛顿大学博塞尔分校学士学位后K-8教师认证计划的教师候选人所需的唯一识字课程。它在秋季和冬季学期举行,就在春季全日制学生教学之前,每周举行一次,为期四个学时。该课程由两位终身教授授课,涵盖基本的识字主题。每年有两个K-8队列,教师候选人作为队列成员参加所有认证课程。这个项目的教师候选人已经完成了学士学位,年龄从20多岁到50多岁不等。胡安妮塔小学位于华盛顿湖学区,这是一个毗邻西雅图市的郊区。这个地区在社会经济和语言上都比较多样化,36%的学生有资格享受免费或降价的膳食,13%的学生被归类为过渡双语。这所K-6学校的校长支持大学教师认证计划。学校聘请了几名毕业生,校长和教师在各个大学委员会任职。校长支持校际合作,每周为扫盲课程提供两个上午的教室。自该项目启动以来,每年约有60名教师候选人、6名任课教师、2名大学教授和150名学生参加。扫盲方法课程的教师候选人与来自三个不同年级(幼儿园,小学,中级)的胡安妮塔小学学生伙伴在两个季度内会面。每位教师候选人都被分配了一个学生伙伴,作为计划课程的一部分,他们在三到八周的时间里与学生伙伴见面30分钟。在与他们的朋友在一起的时间里,教师候选人管理他们在课堂上教过的评估,并根据这些评估提供指导。这项工作与课程概念相联系,并在全班和小组环境中进行讨论。胡安妮塔小学的老师们提供学生的背景知识,并与候选人分享他们的教学实践。反过来,他们会收到教师候选人关于他们与学生伙伴的工作的报告。
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引用次数: 0
TEACHER VOICE: A Teacher Reflects on "Professional" Certification 教师之声:一位教师反思“专业”认证
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15760/nwjte.2007.5.1.4
Bridgid Michaud
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引用次数: 0
Career Coaching Across the Curriculum: Enhancing the Career Competencies of the 21st Century Learner 跨课程的职业指导:提高21世纪学习者的职业能力
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15760/nwjte.2011.9.2.11
M. Slomp, Kerry B. Bernes
This article examines the effectiveness of a pilot project offered by members of the Faculty of Education at the University of Lethbridge entitled, ―Career Coaching Across the Curriculum: Integrating Career Development into Classroom Instruction‖. It explores whether this pilot project effectively prepares pre-service teachers to integrate career education into curriculum. It also explores whether this pilot project contributes to the attainment of important career development competencies for students in the Kindergarten-Grade 12 educational system. There is a growing recognition of the need to provide students in the Kindergarten-Grade 12 educational system with opportunities to develop critical career/life management competencies (Government of Alberta, 2010; McMahon, Patton & Tatham, 2003). The workplace of the knowledge era is a radically different place at the beginning of the 21 st century compared with the 20 th century (Jarvis, 2006). To thrive in the 21 st century world of work individuals need to be equipped with competencies that will enable them to transition repeatedly between learning, work and other life roles in order to create a life balance for themselves that is both satisfying and productive (Amundson, Parker & Arthur, 2002, McMahon, Patton & Tatham, 2003). These competencies include: building and maintaining a positive self-image, participating in lifelong learning supportive of life/work goals, locating and effectively using life/work information, understanding the changing nature of life/work roles, being resilient and managing change in chaotic environments, remaining hopeful and self-confident, setting short and long term goals in the face of obstacles and competing pressures, engaging in activities that promote self-recycling and self-renewing, understanding, engaging in, and managing one‘s life/work building process, and working effectively in diverse teams, (Borgen & Hiebert, 2006; Campbell & Ungar, 2008; Hartung, Porfeli & Vondracek, 2008; Jarvis, 2009; Partnership for 21 st Century Skills, 2004). A document recently released by the Province of Alberta (2010) entitled ―Inspiring Action on Education‖ exemplifies the growing importance being attached to developing career/life management competencies in students. This document sets forth an agenda for transforming the education system in Alberta and specifically targets competencies such as lifelong learning, self-direction and personal management. The writers of this document argue that these competencies need to be more central in the education of young people if they are to be active participants in an increasingly knowledge-based and globalized society. As stated in the document, Alberta students develop competencies that help them to contribute actively and positively in their communities. Throughout life, students balance various roles and life-work priorities while understanding their personal strengths, history and identity. They participate in career exploratio
本文考察了莱斯布里奇大学教育学院成员提供的一个名为“跨课程的职业指导:将职业发展融入课堂教学”的试点项目的有效性。探讨该试点项目是否有效地培养职前教师将职业教育融入课程。本文还探讨了该试点项目是否有助于幼儿园- 12年级教育系统中学生获得重要的职业发展能力。越来越多的人认识到需要为幼儿园- 12年级教育系统的学生提供发展关键职业/生活管理能力的机会(阿尔伯塔省政府,2010;McMahon, Patton & Tatham, 2003)。与20世纪相比,知识时代的工作场所在21世纪初是一个完全不同的地方(Jarvis, 2006)。为了在21世纪的工作世界中茁壮成长,个人需要具备能力,使他们能够在学习、工作和其他生活角色之间反复转换,从而为自己创造一种既满意又富有成效的生活平衡(Amundson, Parker & Arthur, 2002; McMahon, Patton & Tatham, 2003)。这些能力包括:建立和保持积极的自我形象,参与支持生活/工作目标的终身学习,定位和有效地使用生活/工作信息,理解生活/工作角色的变化性质,在混乱的环境中保持弹性和管理变化,保持希望和自信,面对障碍和竞争压力设定短期和长期目标,参与促进自我循环和自我更新的活动,理解。参与和管理一个人的生活/工作建设过程,并在不同的团队中有效地工作,(Borgen & Hiebert, 2006;Campbell & Ungar, 2008;Hartung, Porfeli & vondrek, 2008;贾维斯,2009;21世纪技能伙伴关系,2004年)。阿尔伯塔省最近发布的一份文件(2010年)题为“鼓舞人心的教育行动”,说明了越来越重视培养学生的职业/生活管理能力。该文件提出了改革阿尔伯塔省教育系统的议程,并具体针对终身学习、自我指导和个人管理等能力。本文件的作者认为,如果要让年轻人积极参与日益知识化和全球化的社会,这些能力就需要在年轻人的教育中发挥更重要的作用。正如文件中所述,艾伯塔省的学生培养能力,帮助他们在社区中积极主动地做出贡献。在整个生活中,学生在了解自己的个人优势、历史和身份的同时,平衡各种角色和生活工作的优先事项。他们参与职业探索和规划,以适应变化,并在一生中寻求个人和职业发展的机会。(p.11)培养学生职业自我管理能力的最有效方法是1 slop和Bernes:跨课程的职业指导:提高职业竞争力PDXScholar出版,2011年秋季2011 127在整个课程科目和整个幼儿园- 12年级的教育经历中注入职业教育(Gyspers, 2001;Magnusson & Bernes, 2004;Magnusson & Bernes, 2002;Palladino Schultheiss, 2008, Partnership for 21st Century Skills, 2004)。在过去,职业规划支持通常是通过辅助服务(例如,指导顾问)或通过独立课程(例如,为阿尔伯塔省K-12学校系统的高中学生提供的职业和生活管理课程)提供的,主要针对高中学生。然而,越来越多的人认识到,职业发展和过渡服务必须强调一个过程,而不是单一事件或一系列事件,必须在整个K-12教育经历中提供(Levinson & Ohler, 2006;Palladino Schultheiss, 2008)。正如职业发展领域的专家所建议的那样,有效的教育课程是在整个学校课程中注入职业建设能力的课程(Harkins, 2000;Magnusson & Bernes, 2004;Palladino Schultheiss, 2008)。根据这一模式,所有年级和学科的教师通过将职业教育融入常规课程来支持职业自我管理能力的发展。这可以通过许多创造性的方式来实现。例如,在初级科学课上,教师可以阅读从事各种科学相关职业的人的故事。此外,还可以从社区中请来客座演讲者,描述他们在科学相关职业中所扮演的角色。 学生还可以到从事科学相关工作的组织进行实地考察。例如,在中学的健康课上,学生们可以了解追求个人有意义的目标如何有助于幸福。他们可以学习到有效目标的特点以及乐观在实现这些目标中的作用。例如,在高中英语课上,学生可以参与日记写作活动,帮助他们识别个人意义的来源。学生们可以写下他们过去生活中产生自豪感和满足感的个人经历。之后,他们可以与同龄人和老师分享他们的故事,并可以收到关于他们故事中包含的主题的反馈(例如,故事中展示了哪些个人技能和特征,所描述的经历中似乎特别有意义的是什么,等等)。这些只是本文前面描述的能力如何通过在K-12教育系统中跨课程主题和年级水平的职业教育的灌输来培养儿童和青少年的几个简短例子。这种方法,如果以一种系统和适合发展的方式进行,将建立学习的相关性,并将帮助学生在他们的K-12教育过程中发展知识、技能和态度,以成功地驾驭21世纪的工作世界。旨在促进将职业教育融入课程的倡议的一个例子是,莱斯布里奇大学教育学院的成员目前正在开展的“跨课程职业指导:将职业发展融入课堂教学”试点项目。这个试点项目包括两个主要部分。在第一部分中,教育学院的职前教师有机会选修题为“职业教育”的选修课。在本课程中,学生将学习职业规划过程、职业理论、职业咨询技巧、职业咨询结果、职业评估(非正式、半正式和正式)、有效的启动和参与策略、有效的决策策略、有效的目标设定和准备策略、有效的探索和目标实施策略。他们还将了解21世纪的工作世界,以及工作世界的变化如何影响学生的职业规划。此外,他们还学习如何将职业教育课程计划、单元计划和2《西北教师教育杂志》,Vol. 9, Iss. 2 [2011], Art. 11 https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/nwjte/vol9/iss2/11 DOI: 10.15760/nwjte.2012.9.2.11 128 Northwest PASSAGE, 9(2)学校范围内的干预纳入常规课程。在该试点项目的第二个组成部分中,在成功完成职业教育课程后,职前教师在南阿尔伯塔省的各个学校(小学、初中和高中)担任实习生。在为期15周的实习期间,他们有机会在小学、初中和高中的课堂上实施他们在职业教育课程中制定的职业教育课程计划、单元计划和全校范围的干预措施。在实习期间,他们在教师导师的监督下工作,并负责维持全职教师50%的工作量。重要的是要审查这个试点项目是否有效地使职前教师将职业教育纳入课程,这种培训是否提高了学生获得职业/生活管理能力。在撰写本文时,四分之二的学生已经参加了职业教育课程并完成了实习经历。本文将检验职业教育课程在培训这两类职前教师将职业干预融入课程方面的有效性。此外,它还将研究这种培训对K-12教育系统中学生职业发展的影响。以下部分将描述本研究中使用的研究方法。
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引用次数: 0
What Matters is Mutual Investment and Evidence-Based Dialogue: Designing Meaningful Contexts for Teacher Learning 重要的是相互投资和基于证据的对话:为教师学习设计有意义的环境
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15760/NWJTE.2011.9.2.8
Amy E. Ryken, Fred L. Hamel
How might teachers be supported as professional learners, in activities and conversations that assist, rather than distract from, the complex work they do each day? In this article we describe a public school/university partnership model designed to support practice-oriented communication among educators– where professionals from various roles, institutional affiliations, and experience levels, communicate together about the details of their teaching. We outline the principles behind our approach and describe the specific practices we use to promote communication that engages teachers’ pedagogical thinking. We share how teachers’ own practice can become a centerpiece of professional development, and how authentic questions and evidence help educators develop insights into the relationship between their own assumptions, curriculum materials, and student understanding.
作为专业学习者,教师如何在活动和对话中得到支持,以帮助而不是分散他们每天所做的复杂工作?在本文中,我们描述了一种公立学校/大学合作模式,旨在支持教育工作者之间以实践为导向的交流——来自不同角色、机构隶属关系和经验水平的专业人员就他们的教学细节进行交流。我们概述了我们的方法背后的原则,并描述了我们用来促进交流的具体实践,这些交流涉及教师的教学思维。我们分享了教师自己的实践如何成为专业发展的核心,以及真实的问题和证据如何帮助教育工作者深入了解他们自己的假设、课程材料和学生理解之间的关系。
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Northwest Journal of Teacher Education
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