Pub Date : 2014-05-22DOI: 10.1109/OPTIM.2014.6850945
S. Daraban, D. Petreus, C. Orian
This paper will present the importance of control topology for power systems used in wind energy conversion systems (WECS). The efficiency and the method of sizing the components of the system are different from one control method to the other. Also a control method is proposed and analysed by using a power factor correction (PFC) controller in a novel configuration suitable for modular design. By using modular design, the same converter can be used in multiple applications. A wind model is used in order to better simulate the behaviour of the system and test the MPPT algorithms. The experimental results validate the theoretical and simulated ones.
{"title":"Control topology for high efficiency small scale wind energy conversion systems","authors":"S. Daraban, D. Petreus, C. Orian","doi":"10.1109/OPTIM.2014.6850945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OPTIM.2014.6850945","url":null,"abstract":"This paper will present the importance of control topology for power systems used in wind energy conversion systems (WECS). The efficiency and the method of sizing the components of the system are different from one control method to the other. Also a control method is proposed and analysed by using a power factor correction (PFC) controller in a novel configuration suitable for modular design. By using modular design, the same converter can be used in multiple applications. A wind model is used in order to better simulate the behaviour of the system and test the MPPT algorithms. The experimental results validate the theoretical and simulated ones.","PeriodicalId":298237,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (OPTIM)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130449366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-22DOI: 10.1109/OPTIM.2014.6851005
C. Kopacz, S. Spataru, D. Sera, T. Kerekes
This paper presents the concept and operating principles of a low-cost and flexible monitoring system for PV plants. Compared to classical solutions which can require dedicated hardware and/or specialized data logging systems, the monitoring system we propose allows parallel monitoring of PV plants with different architectures and locations by taking advantage of the intrinsic monitoring capabilities of the inverters and their internet connectivity. The backbone of the system is a software system capable of collecting production measurements and current-voltage (I-V) characteristic curve measurements from the inverters within each PV plant. The monitoring software stores the PV measurements in a data warehouse optimized for managing and data mining large amounts of data, from where it can be later visualized, analyzed and exported. By combining PV production measurements data with I-V curve measurements the diagnostic and condition monitoring capabilities of the PV system can be greatly enhanced. The practical implementation and operation of the monitoring system is demonstrated with a study case system deployed at Aalborg University.
{"title":"Remote and centralized monitoring of PV power plants","authors":"C. Kopacz, S. Spataru, D. Sera, T. Kerekes","doi":"10.1109/OPTIM.2014.6851005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OPTIM.2014.6851005","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the concept and operating principles of a low-cost and flexible monitoring system for PV plants. Compared to classical solutions which can require dedicated hardware and/or specialized data logging systems, the monitoring system we propose allows parallel monitoring of PV plants with different architectures and locations by taking advantage of the intrinsic monitoring capabilities of the inverters and their internet connectivity. The backbone of the system is a software system capable of collecting production measurements and current-voltage (I-V) characteristic curve measurements from the inverters within each PV plant. The monitoring software stores the PV measurements in a data warehouse optimized for managing and data mining large amounts of data, from where it can be later visualized, analyzed and exported. By combining PV production measurements data with I-V curve measurements the diagnostic and condition monitoring capabilities of the PV system can be greatly enhanced. The practical implementation and operation of the monitoring system is demonstrated with a study case system deployed at Aalborg University.","PeriodicalId":298237,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (OPTIM)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130656203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-22DOI: 10.1109/OPTIM.2014.6850882
I. Vlad, A. Câmpeanu, S. Enache, M. Enache
Very important are the energy analyses at the rheostatic starting of the existing wound rotor three-phase asynchronous motors, used for driving the long belt-type carriers, which have a difficult and long-duration starting. A factory producing static converters proposes to the customer a modernization of the starting by using a single-phase rheostat and a three-phase bridge in the rotor. That is why, the authors of the paper have carried out this study which analyzes the classical rheostatic starting and the starting proposed as a modernization. The investment aspect and the costs of the whole starting period have been analyzed on the basis of the data filled in the technical card of the machine. The paper contains some simulations with quantitative and qualitative information regarding the electrical energy losses and the duration of the starting, which are an important percent in the operation expenses. The modernization proposed by that factory for the asynchronous motor analyzed here means that the expenses afferent to the starting process exceed with 10.7% the existing variant. The measurements performed in the laboratory for the rheostatic starting of a low power asynchronous motor, attest the validity of the mathematical model and of the simulations presented in the paper.
{"title":"Energy aspects and monitoring of asynchronous motors starting","authors":"I. Vlad, A. Câmpeanu, S. Enache, M. Enache","doi":"10.1109/OPTIM.2014.6850882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OPTIM.2014.6850882","url":null,"abstract":"Very important are the energy analyses at the rheostatic starting of the existing wound rotor three-phase asynchronous motors, used for driving the long belt-type carriers, which have a difficult and long-duration starting. A factory producing static converters proposes to the customer a modernization of the starting by using a single-phase rheostat and a three-phase bridge in the rotor. That is why, the authors of the paper have carried out this study which analyzes the classical rheostatic starting and the starting proposed as a modernization. The investment aspect and the costs of the whole starting period have been analyzed on the basis of the data filled in the technical card of the machine. The paper contains some simulations with quantitative and qualitative information regarding the electrical energy losses and the duration of the starting, which are an important percent in the operation expenses. The modernization proposed by that factory for the asynchronous motor analyzed here means that the expenses afferent to the starting process exceed with 10.7% the existing variant. The measurements performed in the laboratory for the rheostatic starting of a low power asynchronous motor, attest the validity of the mathematical model and of the simulations presented in the paper.","PeriodicalId":298237,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (OPTIM)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130808565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-22DOI: 10.1109/OPTIM.2014.6850953
A. Argeseanu, Florin Valentin Traian Nica, E. Ritchie, K. Leban
This paper proposes a new construction for transverse flux machines (TFM) using a rounded surfaces core geometry. The new concept has been developed for TFM with U core geometry. In this case a new analytic design procedure was proposed. The analytic design of the new TFM construction is further improved by FEM modelling and analysis. Using the new concept, a significant reduction of the active materials is obtained. The innovative geometry also provides a uniform magnetic field in the core structure. According to the comparison of both the TFM with prismatic and rounded core geometries the new proposed concept is more attractive for the direct-drive wind turbine application.
{"title":"A new geometrical construction using rounded surfaces proposed for the transverse flux machine for direct drive wind turbine","authors":"A. Argeseanu, Florin Valentin Traian Nica, E. Ritchie, K. Leban","doi":"10.1109/OPTIM.2014.6850953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OPTIM.2014.6850953","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a new construction for transverse flux machines (TFM) using a rounded surfaces core geometry. The new concept has been developed for TFM with U core geometry. In this case a new analytic design procedure was proposed. The analytic design of the new TFM construction is further improved by FEM modelling and analysis. Using the new concept, a significant reduction of the active materials is obtained. The innovative geometry also provides a uniform magnetic field in the core structure. According to the comparison of both the TFM with prismatic and rounded core geometries the new proposed concept is more attractive for the direct-drive wind turbine application.","PeriodicalId":298237,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (OPTIM)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130818649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-22DOI: 10.1109/OPTIM.2014.6851020
I. Torac
The paper deals with standard three phase low voltage squirrel cage motors in variable speed drives. The aim is to investigate the possibility of improving the machines parameters at low speed. The considered industrial motors are the existing ones, having the rated power between 0.55 kW and 37 kW and 4 and 6 pole. The paper presents also an example emphasizing the possibility of improving the machine parameters using a “low tool cost” solution.
{"title":"A few aspects about the squirrel cage induction motors in variable speed drives","authors":"I. Torac","doi":"10.1109/OPTIM.2014.6851020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OPTIM.2014.6851020","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with standard three phase low voltage squirrel cage motors in variable speed drives. The aim is to investigate the possibility of improving the machines parameters at low speed. The considered industrial motors are the existing ones, having the rated power between 0.55 kW and 37 kW and 4 and 6 pole. The paper presents also an example emphasizing the possibility of improving the machine parameters using a “low tool cost” solution.","PeriodicalId":298237,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (OPTIM)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116571428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-22DOI: 10.1109/OPTIM.2014.6850978
V. Mariappan, S. Srinivas, V. Narayanan
This paper presents the development of a simple user defined model for predicting the fuel saving benefits with brake energy recovery methods of a conventional vehicle. The need of detailed input to be described for the expensive commercial tools are avoided by the proposed simulator. The simulator developed in the paper is employed to predict fuel economy with Fig. 3 EMAS & Fig. 4 RMAS whose models are simulated and experimentally verified. With EMAS fuel saving benefits is found to be 1.4% while with RMAS it is 2.82% for the standard Fig. 6 NEDC considered in the present study.
{"title":"A simple model to predict fuel saving benefits with brake energy recovery methods of conventional vehicle regenerative braking system","authors":"V. Mariappan, S. Srinivas, V. Narayanan","doi":"10.1109/OPTIM.2014.6850978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OPTIM.2014.6850978","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the development of a simple user defined model for predicting the fuel saving benefits with brake energy recovery methods of a conventional vehicle. The need of detailed input to be described for the expensive commercial tools are avoided by the proposed simulator. The simulator developed in the paper is employed to predict fuel economy with Fig. 3 EMAS & Fig. 4 RMAS whose models are simulated and experimentally verified. With EMAS fuel saving benefits is found to be 1.4% while with RMAS it is 2.82% for the standard Fig. 6 NEDC considered in the present study.","PeriodicalId":298237,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (OPTIM)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130987031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-22DOI: 10.1109/OPTIM.2014.6850947
M. Palmieri, M. Perta, F. Cupertino, G. Pellegrino
This paper analyzes the impact of the numbers of stator slots and rotor layers on the optimal design of synchronous reluctance (SyR) machines. Eighteen SyR machine examples have been designed by means of a multi-objective optimization algorithm and finite element analysis so to maximize torque and minimize torque ripple. Twelve, twenty-four and forty-eight slot stators are considered, associated to rotors with four-poles and one to six flux barriers per pole. The results of the comparative analysis show that high numbers of slots and layers are beneficial for maximizing the torque and the power factor, and that torque ripple and iron loss minimization require precise matches between the slots and the layers, which are not necessarily the same for the two purposes. Finally, for some slot/layer combinations the optimization algorithm produces nonconventional barrier distributions, very promising is some cases. A fast finite element evaluation is used for the evaluation of thousands of candidate machines during the optimization, whereas an accurate transient with motion finite element analysis stage is used for the off-line characterization of the final designs.
{"title":"Effect of the numbers of slots and barriers on the optimal design of synchronous reluctance machines","authors":"M. Palmieri, M. Perta, F. Cupertino, G. Pellegrino","doi":"10.1109/OPTIM.2014.6850947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OPTIM.2014.6850947","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes the impact of the numbers of stator slots and rotor layers on the optimal design of synchronous reluctance (SyR) machines. Eighteen SyR machine examples have been designed by means of a multi-objective optimization algorithm and finite element analysis so to maximize torque and minimize torque ripple. Twelve, twenty-four and forty-eight slot stators are considered, associated to rotors with four-poles and one to six flux barriers per pole. The results of the comparative analysis show that high numbers of slots and layers are beneficial for maximizing the torque and the power factor, and that torque ripple and iron loss minimization require precise matches between the slots and the layers, which are not necessarily the same for the two purposes. Finally, for some slot/layer combinations the optimization algorithm produces nonconventional barrier distributions, very promising is some cases. A fast finite element evaluation is used for the evaluation of thousands of candidate machines during the optimization, whereas an accurate transient with motion finite element analysis stage is used for the off-line characterization of the final designs.","PeriodicalId":298237,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (OPTIM)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128100924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-22DOI: 10.1109/OPTIM.2014.6850937
M. Gamba, G. Pellegrino, A. Vagati
Fractional-slot concentrated-winding synchronous permanent magnet machines (PM) are appreciated for their simple construction and high torque density. Unfortunately, it is well known that such fractional slot / pole combinations kill the reluctance torque potential of salient interior PM rotor configurations. To date, this has hindered the application of fractional windings to machines of the Synchronous Reluctance and PM-assisted Synchronous Reluctance types. This paper proposes a new fractional slot PM-assisted Synchronous Reluctance machine with 24 slots and 10 rotor poles. The new machine is compared to a benchmark 10-pole PM-assisted machine having 90 slots and distributed windings and to another competitor with 12 slots concentrated windings. FEA results show that the new machine is comparable to the distributed windings version in terms of torque density and losses, and much easier to be manufactured.
{"title":"A new PM-assisted Synchronous Reluctance machine with a nonconventional fractional slot per pole combination","authors":"M. Gamba, G. Pellegrino, A. Vagati","doi":"10.1109/OPTIM.2014.6850937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OPTIM.2014.6850937","url":null,"abstract":"Fractional-slot concentrated-winding synchronous permanent magnet machines (PM) are appreciated for their simple construction and high torque density. Unfortunately, it is well known that such fractional slot / pole combinations kill the reluctance torque potential of salient interior PM rotor configurations. To date, this has hindered the application of fractional windings to machines of the Synchronous Reluctance and PM-assisted Synchronous Reluctance types. This paper proposes a new fractional slot PM-assisted Synchronous Reluctance machine with 24 slots and 10 rotor poles. The new machine is compared to a benchmark 10-pole PM-assisted machine having 90 slots and distributed windings and to another competitor with 12 slots concentrated windings. FEA results show that the new machine is comparable to the distributed windings version in terms of torque density and losses, and much easier to be manufactured.","PeriodicalId":298237,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (OPTIM)","volume":"161 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131981329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-22DOI: 10.1109/OPTIM.2014.6850985
B. Ulejczyk
A dielectric barrier discharge powered by pulsed power supply system was used for the decomposition of tetrachloromethane, trichloromethane and trichloroethylene. The study was performed in atmospheric air with concentration of water vapor 0.4%. The effect of specific energy on overall halocarbons conversion and selectivity of halocarbons conversion to carbon dioxide, carbon monooxide, chlorine and hydrogen chloride was studied. In studied system the increase of the specific energy increased the selectivity of halocarbons conversion to carbon dioxide and chlorine. For the specific energy ~7 kJ/mol, the maximum conversions of tetrachloromethane, trichloromethane and trichlorothylene were 66, 60 and 93% respectively.
{"title":"Decomposition of halocarbons in the pulsed dielectric barrier discharge","authors":"B. Ulejczyk","doi":"10.1109/OPTIM.2014.6850985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OPTIM.2014.6850985","url":null,"abstract":"A dielectric barrier discharge powered by pulsed power supply system was used for the decomposition of tetrachloromethane, trichloromethane and trichloroethylene. The study was performed in atmospheric air with concentration of water vapor 0.4%. The effect of specific energy on overall halocarbons conversion and selectivity of halocarbons conversion to carbon dioxide, carbon monooxide, chlorine and hydrogen chloride was studied. In studied system the increase of the specific energy increased the selectivity of halocarbons conversion to carbon dioxide and chlorine. For the specific energy ~7 kJ/mol, the maximum conversions of tetrachloromethane, trichloromethane and trichlorothylene were 66, 60 and 93% respectively.","PeriodicalId":298237,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (OPTIM)","volume":"418 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133437898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-22DOI: 10.1109/OPTIM.2014.6850881
H. Andrei, P. Andrei, G. Măntescu
The aim of this paper is to extend the previous contributions of the authors regarding the minimum dissipated power for electric circuits to linear magnetic circuits. Based on the analogies between electric and magnetic circuits, the variational formulation for determining the minimum absorbed energy (MAE) for linear magnetic circuits is proven. In such conditions MAE is defined as a general principle for linear magnetic circuits in stationary and quasi-stationary regime. By using the matrix formulation of MAE the nodal method for magnetic circuit in terms of magnetic potentials is obtained. The results presented in the sequel refer to a classical linear magnetic circuit and prove the originality of the main novel concepts.
{"title":"Matrix formulations of minimum absorbed energy principle and nodal method of magnetic circuits analysis","authors":"H. Andrei, P. Andrei, G. Măntescu","doi":"10.1109/OPTIM.2014.6850881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OPTIM.2014.6850881","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to extend the previous contributions of the authors regarding the minimum dissipated power for electric circuits to linear magnetic circuits. Based on the analogies between electric and magnetic circuits, the variational formulation for determining the minimum absorbed energy (MAE) for linear magnetic circuits is proven. In such conditions MAE is defined as a general principle for linear magnetic circuits in stationary and quasi-stationary regime. By using the matrix formulation of MAE the nodal method for magnetic circuit in terms of magnetic potentials is obtained. The results presented in the sequel refer to a classical linear magnetic circuit and prove the originality of the main novel concepts.","PeriodicalId":298237,"journal":{"name":"2014 International Conference on Optimization of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (OPTIM)","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131697334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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