The aim of the present study was to evaluate the spatio-temporal variability of various physical and chemical parameters of water quality and to determine the trophic state of Lake Ardibo. Water samples were collected from October 2020 to September 2021 at three sampling stations in four different seasons. A total of 14 physico-chemical parameters, such as water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), electrical conductivity, turbidity, alkalinity, Secchi-depth, nitrate, ammonia, silicon dioxide, soluble reactive phosphorus, total phosphorus, chloride, and fluoride were measured using standard methods. The results demonstrated that seasonal variation existed throughout the study period. Except for turbidity, the water quality of the lake varied significantly within the four seasons (ANOVA, p < 0.05). DO levels decreased significantly during the dry season following water mixing events. Chlorophyll-a measurements exhibit significant seasonal differences ranging from 0.58 μg L−1 in the main-rainy season to 8.44 μg L−1 in the post-rainy period, indicating a moderate algal biomass production. The overall category of Lake Ardibo was found to be under a mesotrophic state with medium biological productivity. A holistic lake basin approach management is suggested to maintain water quality and ecological processes and to improve the lake ecosystem services.
{"title":"Evaluation of water quality and trophic status in relation to seasonal water mixing in a highland Lake Ardibo, Ethiopia","authors":"Adem Mohammed, S. Mengistou, T. Fetahi","doi":"10.2166/wst.2024.128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2024.128","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The aim of the present study was to evaluate the spatio-temporal variability of various physical and chemical parameters of water quality and to determine the trophic state of Lake Ardibo. Water samples were collected from October 2020 to September 2021 at three sampling stations in four different seasons. A total of 14 physico-chemical parameters, such as water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), electrical conductivity, turbidity, alkalinity, Secchi-depth, nitrate, ammonia, silicon dioxide, soluble reactive phosphorus, total phosphorus, chloride, and fluoride were measured using standard methods. The results demonstrated that seasonal variation existed throughout the study period. Except for turbidity, the water quality of the lake varied significantly within the four seasons (ANOVA, p < 0.05). DO levels decreased significantly during the dry season following water mixing events. Chlorophyll-a measurements exhibit significant seasonal differences ranging from 0.58 μg L−1 in the main-rainy season to 8.44 μg L−1 in the post-rainy period, indicating a moderate algal biomass production. The overall category of Lake Ardibo was found to be under a mesotrophic state with medium biological productivity. A holistic lake basin approach management is suggested to maintain water quality and ecological processes and to improve the lake ecosystem services.","PeriodicalId":298320,"journal":{"name":"Water Science & Technology","volume":"109 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140659545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Denglong Lu, Yang Song, Zhao-guang Yang, Hai-pu Li
Rational disposal of sludge is an ongoing concern. This work is the first attempt for in-depth statistical analysis of anaerobic digestion (AD) research in recent three decades (1986–2022) using both quantitative and qualitative approaches in bibliometrics to investigate the research progress, trends and hot spots. All publications in the Web of Science Core Collection database from 1986 to April 4, 2022 were analyzed. Results showed that the research on AD started in 1999 and the number of papers significantly increased since 2012. The research about the disposal of sewage sludge mainly focuses on energy recovery (e.g. methane and short chain volatile organic acids) by AD. Besides, different pretreatment technologies were studied in this study to eliminate the negative effects on the disposal of sludge caused by hydrolysis (rate-limiting step of AD), water content (increasing the costs) and heavy metal (toxic to the environment) of sludge. Of those, the treatment technologies related to direct interspecies electron transfer were worth further studied in the future. Towards that end, iron conductive material, iron-based advanced oxidation and biological treatment were concluded as the prospective technologies and worth to further study.
{"title":"Research progress and perspective on sludge anaerobic digestion technology: A bibliometric analysis","authors":"Denglong Lu, Yang Song, Zhao-guang Yang, Hai-pu Li","doi":"10.2166/wst.2024.121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2024.121","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Rational disposal of sludge is an ongoing concern. This work is the first attempt for in-depth statistical analysis of anaerobic digestion (AD) research in recent three decades (1986–2022) using both quantitative and qualitative approaches in bibliometrics to investigate the research progress, trends and hot spots. All publications in the Web of Science Core Collection database from 1986 to April 4, 2022 were analyzed. Results showed that the research on AD started in 1999 and the number of papers significantly increased since 2012. The research about the disposal of sewage sludge mainly focuses on energy recovery (e.g. methane and short chain volatile organic acids) by AD. Besides, different pretreatment technologies were studied in this study to eliminate the negative effects on the disposal of sludge caused by hydrolysis (rate-limiting step of AD), water content (increasing the costs) and heavy metal (toxic to the environment) of sludge. Of those, the treatment technologies related to direct interspecies electron transfer were worth further studied in the future. Towards that end, iron conductive material, iron-based advanced oxidation and biological treatment were concluded as the prospective technologies and worth to further study.","PeriodicalId":298320,"journal":{"name":"Water Science & Technology","volume":"93 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140670143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Jiamusi section of the Songhua River is one of the first 17 model river construction sections in China. The implementation of river health assessments can determine the health dynamics of rivers and test the management's effectiveness. Targeting seven rivers, this study conducted river zoning and monitoring point deployment to conduct sufficient field research and monitoring. The authors selected hydrological and water resources, physical structure, water quality, aquatic life, social service functions, and management as guideline layers and 15 indicator layers. Subsequently, the authors established an evaluation index system to evaluate and analyze the ecological status and social service status of each river. The results showed that the Yindamu, Alingda, and Gejie Rivers scored well as healthy rivers, with health evaluation scores of 78.98, 76.06, and 75.83, respectively. The Wangsanwu, Lujiagang, and Lingdangmai Rivers are generally sub-healthy rivers with scores of 71.55, 67.97, and 60.7, respectively. The Yinggetu River has a score of 54.52 and is therefore assessed as unhealthy. Based on the scientific evaluation index method, this study analyses the current river health state in Jiamusi City to provide the basis for the evaluation of the river chief's work and future river management.
{"title":"Establishing a river health evaluation index system for seven rivers in Jiamusi City of China","authors":"W. Shao, Guang Han, Jiaqi Li, Zhiyong Yang, Jiahong Liu, Tianyin Xu","doi":"10.2166/wst.2024.126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2024.126","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The Jiamusi section of the Songhua River is one of the first 17 model river construction sections in China. The implementation of river health assessments can determine the health dynamics of rivers and test the management's effectiveness. Targeting seven rivers, this study conducted river zoning and monitoring point deployment to conduct sufficient field research and monitoring. The authors selected hydrological and water resources, physical structure, water quality, aquatic life, social service functions, and management as guideline layers and 15 indicator layers. Subsequently, the authors established an evaluation index system to evaluate and analyze the ecological status and social service status of each river. The results showed that the Yindamu, Alingda, and Gejie Rivers scored well as healthy rivers, with health evaluation scores of 78.98, 76.06, and 75.83, respectively. The Wangsanwu, Lujiagang, and Lingdangmai Rivers are generally sub-healthy rivers with scores of 71.55, 67.97, and 60.7, respectively. The Yinggetu River has a score of 54.52 and is therefore assessed as unhealthy. Based on the scientific evaluation index method, this study analyses the current river health state in Jiamusi City to provide the basis for the evaluation of the river chief's work and future river management.","PeriodicalId":298320,"journal":{"name":"Water Science & Technology","volume":"85 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140694480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The connectivity of urban river networks plays an important role in cities in many aspects, such as urban water safety, water quality (WQ), and aquatic ecological balance. This study focuses on the river network and the Majiawan Wetland in the Chaoyang District of Beijing by establishing a two-dimensional hydrological WQ model employing various water allocation schemes between the river network and the wetland. Water circulation and WQ are the main indexes, and the effects of different scenarios on improving water circulation and WQ are simulated and compared. This study demonstrates that the addition of water replenishment at the intersection of river network and internal slow-water zones of the wetland (Scheme 2) has greater effectiveness in improving both hydrology and WQ compared to two other schemes. The water area of the Majiawan Wetland has expanded, and water velocity has increased. Using chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus as the index values for determining the water class, the WQ of about 20% of the wetland area was reached Water Class II (domestic drinking water), with Water Class III (general industrial water) accounting for the other 80%. This study provides valuable evaluation and reference for similar areas of urban river network connectivity.
{"title":"Research on the connectivity of urban river network–wetland and water quality simulation","authors":"Tuantuan Liu, Peng Jia, Chao Hu, Beibei Zhang, Aiming Zhang","doi":"10.2166/wst.2024.127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2024.127","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The connectivity of urban river networks plays an important role in cities in many aspects, such as urban water safety, water quality (WQ), and aquatic ecological balance. This study focuses on the river network and the Majiawan Wetland in the Chaoyang District of Beijing by establishing a two-dimensional hydrological WQ model employing various water allocation schemes between the river network and the wetland. Water circulation and WQ are the main indexes, and the effects of different scenarios on improving water circulation and WQ are simulated and compared. This study demonstrates that the addition of water replenishment at the intersection of river network and internal slow-water zones of the wetland (Scheme 2) has greater effectiveness in improving both hydrology and WQ compared to two other schemes. The water area of the Majiawan Wetland has expanded, and water velocity has increased. Using chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus as the index values for determining the water class, the WQ of about 20% of the wetland area was reached Water Class II (domestic drinking water), with Water Class III (general industrial water) accounting for the other 80%. This study provides valuable evaluation and reference for similar areas of urban river network connectivity.","PeriodicalId":298320,"journal":{"name":"Water Science & Technology","volume":" 38","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140691788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Instantaneous peak flows (IPFs) are often required to derive design values for sizing various hydraulic structures, such as culverts, bridges, and small dams/levees, in addition to informing several water resources management-related activities. Compared to mean daily flows (MDFs), which represent averaged flows over a period of 24 h, information on IPFs is often missing or unavailable in instrumental records. In this study, conventional methods for estimating IPFs from MDFs are evaluated and new methods based on the nonlinear regression framework and machine learning architectures are proposed and evaluated using streamflow records from all Canadian hydrometric stations with natural and regulated flow regimes. Based on a robust model selection criterion, it was found that multiple methods are suitable for estimating IPFs from MDFs, which precludes the idea of a single universal method. The performance of machine learning-based methods was also found reasonable compared to conventional and regression-based methods. To build on the strengths of individual methods, the fusion modeling concept from the machine learning area was invoked to synthesize outputs of multiple methods. The study findings are expected to be useful to the climate change adaptation community, which currently heavily relies on MDFs simulated by hydrologic models.
{"title":"Estimation of instantaneous peak flows in Canadian rivers: an evaluation of conventional, nonlinear regression, and machine learning methods","authors":"Muhammad Naveed Khaliq","doi":"10.2166/wst.2024.096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2024.096","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Instantaneous peak flows (IPFs) are often required to derive design values for sizing various hydraulic structures, such as culverts, bridges, and small dams/levees, in addition to informing several water resources management-related activities. Compared to mean daily flows (MDFs), which represent averaged flows over a period of 24 h, information on IPFs is often missing or unavailable in instrumental records. In this study, conventional methods for estimating IPFs from MDFs are evaluated and new methods based on the nonlinear regression framework and machine learning architectures are proposed and evaluated using streamflow records from all Canadian hydrometric stations with natural and regulated flow regimes. Based on a robust model selection criterion, it was found that multiple methods are suitable for estimating IPFs from MDFs, which precludes the idea of a single universal method. The performance of machine learning-based methods was also found reasonable compared to conventional and regression-based methods. To build on the strengths of individual methods, the fusion modeling concept from the machine learning area was invoked to synthesize outputs of multiple methods. The study findings are expected to be useful to the climate change adaptation community, which currently heavily relies on MDFs simulated by hydrologic models.","PeriodicalId":298320,"journal":{"name":"Water Science & Technology","volume":"214 S700","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140693286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Yudiantoro, Bambang Irawan, I. P. Haty, Setia Pambudi, Shalva Tmy, A. Suproborini, Sekar Bawaningrum, P. Ismaya, M. Abdurrachman, Isao Takashima, Temmy Wikaningrum, Noor Cahyo Aryanto
Mount Ijen crater water has a pH value of (0–2), resulting in water that is acidic and sulfurous. This acidic water flows into the Banyupait River. Chemical elements and heavy metals originating from the river pollute groundwater and plants. Communities around the river consume heavy metals, causing health risks, such as dental fluorosis. This research aims to determine the quality of Banyupait River water and groundwater, as well as determine community factors that are susceptible to dental fluorosis. The methods used in this research are field mapping and laboratory analysis. Analysis of water samples was done using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) method. River water has one parameter that exceeds the quality standard of the six parameters tested, namely pH 4–5.5. Meanwhile, groundwater has two parameters that exceed quality standards: fluorine of 0.6171 and 0.687 mg/L, and sulfate ranging from 325 to 683 mg/L. Groundwater quality parameters that influence the symptoms of dental fluorosis are fluorine and sulfate. Community factors such as adult age and the latest level of education, namely elementary school, are the most susceptible to dental fluorosis. This is because river water and ground water are exposed to fluorine and sulfate water originating from seepage from the Mount Ijen Crater.
{"title":"The influence of the acid water of the Banyupait River on the community health in Bantal village, Asembagus, Indonesia","authors":"D. Yudiantoro, Bambang Irawan, I. P. Haty, Setia Pambudi, Shalva Tmy, A. Suproborini, Sekar Bawaningrum, P. Ismaya, M. Abdurrachman, Isao Takashima, Temmy Wikaningrum, Noor Cahyo Aryanto","doi":"10.2166/wst.2024.125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2024.125","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Mount Ijen crater water has a pH value of (0–2), resulting in water that is acidic and sulfurous. This acidic water flows into the Banyupait River. Chemical elements and heavy metals originating from the river pollute groundwater and plants. Communities around the river consume heavy metals, causing health risks, such as dental fluorosis. This research aims to determine the quality of Banyupait River water and groundwater, as well as determine community factors that are susceptible to dental fluorosis. The methods used in this research are field mapping and laboratory analysis. Analysis of water samples was done using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) method. River water has one parameter that exceeds the quality standard of the six parameters tested, namely pH 4–5.5. Meanwhile, groundwater has two parameters that exceed quality standards: fluorine of 0.6171 and 0.687 mg/L, and sulfate ranging from 325 to 683 mg/L. Groundwater quality parameters that influence the symptoms of dental fluorosis are fluorine and sulfate. Community factors such as adult age and the latest level of education, namely elementary school, are the most susceptible to dental fluorosis. This is because river water and ground water are exposed to fluorine and sulfate water originating from seepage from the Mount Ijen Crater.","PeriodicalId":298320,"journal":{"name":"Water Science & Technology","volume":"7 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140697714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aya Kammoun, N. Ouazzani, Abdelhafid El Alaoui El Fels, A. Hejjaj, L. Mandi
This paper evaluates the performance and potential of a full-scale hybrid multi-soil-layering (MSL) system for the treatment of domestic wastewater for landscape irrigation reuse. The system integrates a solar septic tank and sequential vertical flow MSL and horizontal flow MSL components with alternating layers of gravel and soil-based material. It operates at a hydraulic loading rate of 250 L/m2/day. Results show significant removal of pollutants and pathogens, including total suspended solids (97%), chemical oxygen demand (COD) (88.57%), total phosphorus (TP) (79.93%), and total nitrogen (88.49%), along with significant reductions in fecal bacteria indicators (4.21 log for fecal coliform and 3.90 log for fecal streptococci) and the pathogen Staphylococcus sp. (2.43 log). The principal component analysis confirms the effectiveness of the system in reducing the concentrations of NH4, COD, TP, PO4, fecal coliforms, fecal streptococci, and fecal staphylococci, thus supporting the reliability of the study. This work highlights the promising potential of the hybrid MSL technology for the treatment of domestic wastewater, especially in arid regions such as North Africa and the Middle East, to support efforts to protect the environment and facilitate the reuse of wastewater for landscape irrigation and agriculture.
本文评估了用于处理景观灌溉回用的生活污水的全规模混合多土层（MSL）系统的性能和潜力。该系统集成了太阳能化粪池以及交替铺设砾石层和土壤层的连续垂直流 MSL 和水平流 MSL 组件。该系统的水力负荷率为 250 升/平方米/天。结果显示，污染物和病原体的去除率很高，包括总悬浮固体（97%）、化学需氧量（88.57%）、总磷（79.93%）和总氮（88.49%），同时粪便细菌指标（粪大肠菌群 4.21 log、粪链球菌 3.90 log）和病原体葡萄球菌（2.43 log）也明显减少。主成分分析证实了该系统在降低 NH4、COD、TP、PO4、粪大肠菌群、粪链球菌和粪葡萄球菌浓度方面的有效性，从而证明了研究的可靠性。这项工作凸显了混合 MSL 技术在处理生活废水方面的巨大潜力，尤其是在北非和中东等干旱地区，以支持保护环境和促进景观灌溉和农业废水回用的努力。
{"title":"Enhancing pollutant removal efficiency in urban domestic wastewater treatment through the hybrid multi-soil-layering (MSL) system: A case study in Morocco","authors":"Aya Kammoun, N. Ouazzani, Abdelhafid El Alaoui El Fels, A. Hejjaj, L. Mandi","doi":"10.2166/wst.2024.124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2024.124","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 This paper evaluates the performance and potential of a full-scale hybrid multi-soil-layering (MSL) system for the treatment of domestic wastewater for landscape irrigation reuse. The system integrates a solar septic tank and sequential vertical flow MSL and horizontal flow MSL components with alternating layers of gravel and soil-based material. It operates at a hydraulic loading rate of 250 L/m2/day. Results show significant removal of pollutants and pathogens, including total suspended solids (97%), chemical oxygen demand (COD) (88.57%), total phosphorus (TP) (79.93%), and total nitrogen (88.49%), along with significant reductions in fecal bacteria indicators (4.21 log for fecal coliform and 3.90 log for fecal streptococci) and the pathogen Staphylococcus sp. (2.43 log). The principal component analysis confirms the effectiveness of the system in reducing the concentrations of NH4, COD, TP, PO4, fecal coliforms, fecal streptococci, and fecal staphylococci, thus supporting the reliability of the study. This work highlights the promising potential of the hybrid MSL technology for the treatment of domestic wastewater, especially in arid regions such as North Africa and the Middle East, to support efforts to protect the environment and facilitate the reuse of wastewater for landscape irrigation and agriculture.","PeriodicalId":298320,"journal":{"name":"Water Science & Technology","volume":"113 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140695150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To investigate the influence of carbonization process parameters on the characteristics of municipal sludge carbonization products, this study selected carbonization temperatures of 300–700 °C and carbonization times of 0.5–1.5 h to carbonize municipal sludge. The results showed that with an increase in temperature and carbonization time, the sludge was carbonized more completely, and the structure and performance characteristics of the sludge changed significantly. Organic matter was continuously cracked, the amorphous nature of the material was reduced, its morphology was transformed into an increasing number of regular crystalline structures, and the content of carbon continued to decrease, from the initial 52.85 to 38.77%, while the content of inorganic species consisting continued to increase. The conductivity was reduced by 87.8%, and the degree of conversion of salt ions into their residual and insoluble states was significant. Natural water absorption in the sludge decreased from 8.13 to 1.29%, and hydrophobicity increased. The dry-basis higher calorific value decreased from 8,703 to 3,574 kJ/kg. Heavy metals were concentrated by a factor of 2–3, but the content of the available state was very low. The results of this study provide important technological support for the selection of suitable carbonization process conditions and for resource utilization.
{"title":"Effects of carbonization temperature and time on the characteristics of carbonized sludge","authors":"Junjie Wan, Xin Feng, Biqing Li, Mingsheng Wang, Xia Tang, Jun Chen, Jianyun Rong, ShanShan Ma, Yiwen Jiang, Zemin Zhang","doi":"10.2166/wst.2024.119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2024.119","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 To investigate the influence of carbonization process parameters on the characteristics of municipal sludge carbonization products, this study selected carbonization temperatures of 300–700 °C and carbonization times of 0.5–1.5 h to carbonize municipal sludge. The results showed that with an increase in temperature and carbonization time, the sludge was carbonized more completely, and the structure and performance characteristics of the sludge changed significantly. Organic matter was continuously cracked, the amorphous nature of the material was reduced, its morphology was transformed into an increasing number of regular crystalline structures, and the content of carbon continued to decrease, from the initial 52.85 to 38.77%, while the content of inorganic species consisting continued to increase. The conductivity was reduced by 87.8%, and the degree of conversion of salt ions into their residual and insoluble states was significant. Natural water absorption in the sludge decreased from 8.13 to 1.29%, and hydrophobicity increased. The dry-basis higher calorific value decreased from 8,703 to 3,574 kJ/kg. Heavy metals were concentrated by a factor of 2–3, but the content of the available state was very low. The results of this study provide important technological support for the selection of suitable carbonization process conditions and for resource utilization.","PeriodicalId":298320,"journal":{"name":"Water Science & Technology","volume":"62 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140702504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Agricultural non-point sources, as major sources of organic pollution, continue to flow into the river network area of the Jiangnan Plain, posing a serious threat to the quality of water bodies, the ecological environment, and human health. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method that can accurately identify various types of agricultural organic pollution to prevent the water ecosystems in the region from significant organic pollution. In this study, a network model called RA-GoogLeNet is proposed for accurately identifying agricultural organic pollution in the river network area of the Jiangnan Plain. RA-GoogLeNet uses fluorescence spectral data of agricultural non-point source water quality in Changzhou Changdang Lake Basin, based on GoogLeNet architecture, and adds an ECA attention mechanism to its A-Inception module, which enables the model to automatically learn the importance of independent channel features. ResNet are used to connect each A-Reception module. The experimental results show that RA-GoogLeNet performs well in fluorescence spectral classification of water quality, with an accuracy of 96.3%, which is 1.2% higher than the baseline model, and has good recall and F1 score. This study provides powerful technical support for the traceability of agricultural organic pollution.
{"title":"Identification of agricultural surface source pollution in plain river network areas based on 3D-EEMs and convolutional neural networks","authors":"Juan Huan, Jialong Yuan, Hao Zhang, Xiangen Xu, Bing Shi, Yong J. Zheng, Xincheng Li, Chen Zhang, Qucheng Hu, Yixiong Fan, Jiapeng Lv, Liwan Zhou","doi":"10.2166/wst.2024.122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2024.122","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Agricultural non-point sources, as major sources of organic pollution, continue to flow into the river network area of the Jiangnan Plain, posing a serious threat to the quality of water bodies, the ecological environment, and human health. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method that can accurately identify various types of agricultural organic pollution to prevent the water ecosystems in the region from significant organic pollution. In this study, a network model called RA-GoogLeNet is proposed for accurately identifying agricultural organic pollution in the river network area of the Jiangnan Plain. RA-GoogLeNet uses fluorescence spectral data of agricultural non-point source water quality in Changzhou Changdang Lake Basin, based on GoogLeNet architecture, and adds an ECA attention mechanism to its A-Inception module, which enables the model to automatically learn the importance of independent channel features. ResNet are used to connect each A-Reception module. The experimental results show that RA-GoogLeNet performs well in fluorescence spectral classification of water quality, with an accuracy of 96.3%, which is 1.2% higher than the baseline model, and has good recall and F1 score. This study provides powerful technical support for the traceability of agricultural organic pollution.","PeriodicalId":298320,"journal":{"name":"Water Science & Technology","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140700291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To assess the viability and effectiveness of bioretention cell in enhancing rainwater resource utilization within sponge cities, this study employs field monitoring, laboratory testing, and statistical analysis to evaluate the water purification capabilities of bioretention cell. Findings indicate a marked purification impact on surface runoff, with removal efficiencies of 59.81% for Suspended Solids (SS), 39.01% for Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), 37.53% for Ammonia Nitrogen (NH3-N), and 30.49% for Total Phosphorus (TP). The treated water largely complies with rainwater reuse guidelines and tertiary sewage discharge standards. Notably, while previous research in China has emphasized water volume control in sponge city infrastructures, less attention has been given to the qualitative aspects and field-based evaluations. This research not only fills that gap but also offers valuable insights and practical implications for bioretention cell integration into sponge city development. Moreover, the methodology and outcomes of this study serve as a benchmark for future sponge city project assessments, offering guidance to relevant authorities.
{"title":"Pollutant removal in an experimental bioretention cell situated in a northern Chinese sponge City","authors":"Chunyan Shi, Xia Feng, Weining Sun, Hong Qiu, Genlan Liu, Si-yang Li, Jing Xie, Pengxuan Wang, Yingzi Lin, Xindong Wei, Tongyu Xu, Weijun Gao","doi":"10.2166/wst.2024.123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2024.123","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 To assess the viability and effectiveness of bioretention cell in enhancing rainwater resource utilization within sponge cities, this study employs field monitoring, laboratory testing, and statistical analysis to evaluate the water purification capabilities of bioretention cell. Findings indicate a marked purification impact on surface runoff, with removal efficiencies of 59.81% for Suspended Solids (SS), 39.01% for Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), 37.53% for Ammonia Nitrogen (NH3-N), and 30.49% for Total Phosphorus (TP). The treated water largely complies with rainwater reuse guidelines and tertiary sewage discharge standards. Notably, while previous research in China has emphasized water volume control in sponge city infrastructures, less attention has been given to the qualitative aspects and field-based evaluations. This research not only fills that gap but also offers valuable insights and practical implications for bioretention cell integration into sponge city development. Moreover, the methodology and outcomes of this study serve as a benchmark for future sponge city project assessments, offering guidance to relevant authorities.","PeriodicalId":298320,"journal":{"name":"Water Science & Technology","volume":"9 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140702054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：