Abstract: Introduction: The present study examined the psychometric properties of a Greek adaptation of the Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3 (ASI-3; Taylor et al., 2007 ). Method: We translated the ASI-3 following a forward-backward method and then, in addition to measures of anxiety and depression (DASS-21; Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995 ; Lyrakos et al., 2011 ), we administered it to a nonclinical general population sample ( N = 611) recruited online. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that a bifactor model with three orthogonal group factors best fit the data, followed by a correlated three-factor model. An examination of the dimensionality of the ASI-3 and the reliability of its dimensions suggested the presence of a reliable, strong AS general factor and comparatively weaker group factors. The ASI-3 appears to measure AS invariantly across gender. We report preliminary evidence for its convergent, discriminant, and divergent validity. Conclusion: The Greek adaption of the ASI-3 revealed adequate psychometric properties. Future studies should explore its criterion-related validity by administering the Greek adaptation of the ASI-3 to clinical samples and explore its relationship to other key constructs of anxiety sensitivity’s nomological network.
{"title":"Fundamental Fears in Greece (I)","authors":"Nikos Makrygiorgos, Chrysanthi Nega, Danae Karatza","doi":"10.1024/2673-8627/a000041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/2673-8627/a000041","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Introduction: The present study examined the psychometric properties of a Greek adaptation of the Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3 (ASI-3; Taylor et al., 2007 ). Method: We translated the ASI-3 following a forward-backward method and then, in addition to measures of anxiety and depression (DASS-21; Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995 ; Lyrakos et al., 2011 ), we administered it to a nonclinical general population sample ( N = 611) recruited online. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that a bifactor model with three orthogonal group factors best fit the data, followed by a correlated three-factor model. An examination of the dimensionality of the ASI-3 and the reliability of its dimensions suggested the presence of a reliable, strong AS general factor and comparatively weaker group factors. The ASI-3 appears to measure AS invariantly across gender. We report preliminary evidence for its convergent, discriminant, and divergent validity. Conclusion: The Greek adaption of the ASI-3 revealed adequate psychometric properties. Future studies should explore its criterion-related validity by administering the Greek adaptation of the ASI-3 to clinical samples and explore its relationship to other key constructs of anxiety sensitivity’s nomological network.","PeriodicalId":29838,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychology Open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45133164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.1024/2673-8627/a000036
Danyun Wang, Yuting Tang, Yulong Wang
Abstract: Introduction: Public-welfare behavior is a special prosocial behavior. Actively participating in public welfare activities has an important impact on the psychological development of adolescents. According to the group identity theory, national identity may be an important factor affecting public-welfare behavior, but its functional mechanism remains unclear. This study explored how national identity influenced adolescents’ public-welfare behavior through the mediating role of social responsibility and the moderating role of sex. Methods: We selected a total of 969 adolescents by cluster sampling to complete the questionnaires. We used the Hayes PROCESS macro for SPSS to test the mediating role of social responsibility and the moderating role of sex in the relationship between national identity and public-welfare behavior. Results: Results showed that social responsibility fully mediated the relationship between national identity and public-welfare behavior among adolescents. In addition, the mediating effect of social responsibility was moderated by sex, that is, the mediating effect of social responsibility was significant in male adolescents but not in female adolescents. Conclusion: National identity may affect the public-welfare behavior of adolescents by improving social responsibility, albeit significantly only in male adolescents. Our findings enrich existing research on adolescents’ public-welfare behavior and inspire the targeted promotion of public-welfare behavior among adolescents.
{"title":"National Identity and Public-Welfare Behavior Among Chinese Adolescents","authors":"Danyun Wang, Yuting Tang, Yulong Wang","doi":"10.1024/2673-8627/a000036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/2673-8627/a000036","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Introduction: Public-welfare behavior is a special prosocial behavior. Actively participating in public welfare activities has an important impact on the psychological development of adolescents. According to the group identity theory, national identity may be an important factor affecting public-welfare behavior, but its functional mechanism remains unclear. This study explored how national identity influenced adolescents’ public-welfare behavior through the mediating role of social responsibility and the moderating role of sex. Methods: We selected a total of 969 adolescents by cluster sampling to complete the questionnaires. We used the Hayes PROCESS macro for SPSS to test the mediating role of social responsibility and the moderating role of sex in the relationship between national identity and public-welfare behavior. Results: Results showed that social responsibility fully mediated the relationship between national identity and public-welfare behavior among adolescents. In addition, the mediating effect of social responsibility was moderated by sex, that is, the mediating effect of social responsibility was significant in male adolescents but not in female adolescents. Conclusion: National identity may affect the public-welfare behavior of adolescents by improving social responsibility, albeit significantly only in male adolescents. Our findings enrich existing research on adolescents’ public-welfare behavior and inspire the targeted promotion of public-welfare behavior among adolescents.","PeriodicalId":29838,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychology Open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135372363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-26DOI: 10.1024/2673-8627/a000040
D. Benz, Marc-André Reinhard
Abstract: Introduction: The depressive realism hypothesis suggests that depressed individuals have a more realistic perception than nondepressed. Most studies depict the effects of depressive realism on self-perceptions. However, some lie detection studies suggest the effects of depressive realism on the perception of others. Our study investigated the hypothesis that individuals with subclinical depression levels (dysphoric) show a heightened accuracy in lie detection and a lower truth bias. Furthermore, we expected these effects to be stronger in positive statements. Moreover, we expected that nondysphoric but not dysphoric individuals would show a heightened truth bias for Black targets. We also expected to find the effects of depressive realism in judgmental confidence and in self-evaluations of performance. Methods: 472 participants classified 16 video statements as truth or lie. We tested all hypotheses using three depression measures: IPIP-300 Depression Subscale, the PHQ-9, and the CES-D. Results: In contrast to our hypothesis, we found no heightened accuracy in the veracity judgments of dysphoric individuals. Truth bias was higher in dysphoric participants than in nondysphoric. There was an interaction of valence with PHQ-9 but not with IPIP or CES-D. Nondysphoric but not dysphoric participants had a higher truth bias for Black targets. Furthermore, dysphoric individuals had lower judgmental confidence and lower but not more accurate self-evaluation values. Conclusion: We discuss the results and future directions.
{"title":"Depression, Race-Based Bias, and Judgments of Veracity","authors":"D. Benz, Marc-André Reinhard","doi":"10.1024/2673-8627/a000040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/2673-8627/a000040","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Introduction: The depressive realism hypothesis suggests that depressed individuals have a more realistic perception than nondepressed. Most studies depict the effects of depressive realism on self-perceptions. However, some lie detection studies suggest the effects of depressive realism on the perception of others. Our study investigated the hypothesis that individuals with subclinical depression levels (dysphoric) show a heightened accuracy in lie detection and a lower truth bias. Furthermore, we expected these effects to be stronger in positive statements. Moreover, we expected that nondysphoric but not dysphoric individuals would show a heightened truth bias for Black targets. We also expected to find the effects of depressive realism in judgmental confidence and in self-evaluations of performance. Methods: 472 participants classified 16 video statements as truth or lie. We tested all hypotheses using three depression measures: IPIP-300 Depression Subscale, the PHQ-9, and the CES-D. Results: In contrast to our hypothesis, we found no heightened accuracy in the veracity judgments of dysphoric individuals. Truth bias was higher in dysphoric participants than in nondysphoric. There was an interaction of valence with PHQ-9 but not with IPIP or CES-D. Nondysphoric but not dysphoric participants had a higher truth bias for Black targets. Furthermore, dysphoric individuals had lower judgmental confidence and lower but not more accurate self-evaluation values. Conclusion: We discuss the results and future directions.","PeriodicalId":29838,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychology Open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42675403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-17DOI: 10.1024/2673-8627/a000039
Zongmei Fu, Lili Yu, Cai-lian Zhou, Yuying Chen, Y. Zheng
Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic caused substantial stress to healthcare workers (HCW) worldwide. This study examined the mental health of frontline Chinese HCW through their dream experience during the COVID-19 pandemic and their subjective perception of reported dreams. Using semistructured interviews, we evaluated 45 dreams from 28 HCW from various hospital departments. Six themes emerged after a thematic analysis of these dreams: warning, escape, alienation of HCW, gender inequality, archetypal-mythological dreams, and negative emotions. The findings indicate a close relationship between the participants’ mental health state and their dreams, which contributes a new insight into understanding the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on frontline HCW. It allows us to provide them with better psychological support in a global public health crisis. In the conclusion to this article, we discuss future research directions for the dreams of frontline HCW.
{"title":"The Mental Health of Frontline Chinese Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Zongmei Fu, Lili Yu, Cai-lian Zhou, Yuying Chen, Y. Zheng","doi":"10.1024/2673-8627/a000039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/2673-8627/a000039","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic caused substantial stress to healthcare workers (HCW) worldwide. This study examined the mental health of frontline Chinese HCW through their dream experience during the COVID-19 pandemic and their subjective perception of reported dreams. Using semistructured interviews, we evaluated 45 dreams from 28 HCW from various hospital departments. Six themes emerged after a thematic analysis of these dreams: warning, escape, alienation of HCW, gender inequality, archetypal-mythological dreams, and negative emotions. The findings indicate a close relationship between the participants’ mental health state and their dreams, which contributes a new insight into understanding the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on frontline HCW. It allows us to provide them with better psychological support in a global public health crisis. In the conclusion to this article, we discuss future research directions for the dreams of frontline HCW.","PeriodicalId":29838,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychology Open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44222039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-03DOI: 10.1024/2673-8627/a000038
Ilina Nacheva, Tsvetelina Panchelieva, D. Bakalova
Abstract: Introduction: The study focuses on the prevalent emotions and specific experiences of three particularly vulnerable groups in the Bulgarian pandemic context. The target groups include working parents with small children (0–12 years), people who lost their jobs because of the COVID-19 crisis, and people with chronic diseases. Methods: To determine the experiences and sources of stress, we conducted semistructured in-depth calendar interviews ( N = 45) in late 2021. Narratives of representatives of the three groups generated authentic retrospective textual data, amounting to 221,883 words. To identify prevalent emotions in their speech, we did an automated qualitative data analysis of the three text corpuses and built a 10-category dictionary for basic emotions in accordance with Carroll Izard’s (1991) differential emotions theory, including synonyms, similar, and related words. Results: Content analysis showed that the most prominent emotion was fear, followed by interest, sadness and enjoyment. Lack of consistent and reliable information, the feeling of uncertainty, fear of the unknown and constant changes in the restrictive measures were significant sources of stress for all groups included in the study. At the same time, the three vulnerable groups differed both in the sources and in the content of the expressed fears. Discussion: Both practical and future research implications are discussed. Perhaps, these findings are valid for other types of crises and can serve as a central line for elaborating specific measures and crisis communication strategies targeting concrete vulnerable groups in society. Conclusion: Although the prevalent emotion in the narratives was fear, both the sources and the content of the fears were very different for the three groups. Findings suggest that specific measures and policies for the different vulnerable groups might be more effective in case of crisis.
{"title":"Emotional Experiences of Vulnerable Groups During COVID-19","authors":"Ilina Nacheva, Tsvetelina Panchelieva, D. Bakalova","doi":"10.1024/2673-8627/a000038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/2673-8627/a000038","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Introduction: The study focuses on the prevalent emotions and specific experiences of three particularly vulnerable groups in the Bulgarian pandemic context. The target groups include working parents with small children (0–12 years), people who lost their jobs because of the COVID-19 crisis, and people with chronic diseases. Methods: To determine the experiences and sources of stress, we conducted semistructured in-depth calendar interviews ( N = 45) in late 2021. Narratives of representatives of the three groups generated authentic retrospective textual data, amounting to 221,883 words. To identify prevalent emotions in their speech, we did an automated qualitative data analysis of the three text corpuses and built a 10-category dictionary for basic emotions in accordance with Carroll Izard’s (1991) differential emotions theory, including synonyms, similar, and related words. Results: Content analysis showed that the most prominent emotion was fear, followed by interest, sadness and enjoyment. Lack of consistent and reliable information, the feeling of uncertainty, fear of the unknown and constant changes in the restrictive measures were significant sources of stress for all groups included in the study. At the same time, the three vulnerable groups differed both in the sources and in the content of the expressed fears. Discussion: Both practical and future research implications are discussed. Perhaps, these findings are valid for other types of crises and can serve as a central line for elaborating specific measures and crisis communication strategies targeting concrete vulnerable groups in society. Conclusion: Although the prevalent emotion in the narratives was fear, both the sources and the content of the fears were very different for the three groups. Findings suggest that specific measures and policies for the different vulnerable groups might be more effective in case of crisis.","PeriodicalId":29838,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychology Open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41767543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.1024/2673-8627/a000037
D. Bakalova, Tsvetelina Panchelieva
Abstract: This paper examines the predictive power of risk propensity as a personality tendency over emigration attitudes among young Bulgarians regarding their generational belonging and differences. Although the correlation between risk propensity and migration attitudes has been studied in some countries, to date, it has neither been examined in Bulgaria – an Eastern European economy in transition – nor scrutinized in the light of generational differences. As part of a national survey ( N = 1,200) carried out in September-October 2021, young Bulgarians aged 18–35 years – Zoomers ( N = 444) and Millennials ( N = 756), we measured risk propensity both as a general tendency and as individual responses to different risk domains, using a revision of Jackson’s Risk-Taking Scale (1994) . We studied the emigration attitudes using an original 5-item Attitudes Toward Emigration Scale. The findings suggest that risk propensity, mostly in the social risk domain, is a powerful predictor of emigration attitudes among young Bulgarians, even more powerful for Millennials than Zoomers. The higher risk propensity is associated with more positive attitudes toward emigration. The findings have important interdisciplinary implications for psychological theory and demographic policy.
{"title":"Risk Propensity as a Personality Antecedent of Emigration Attitudes Among Bulgarian Millennials and Zoomers","authors":"D. Bakalova, Tsvetelina Panchelieva","doi":"10.1024/2673-8627/a000037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/2673-8627/a000037","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: This paper examines the predictive power of risk propensity as a personality tendency over emigration attitudes among young Bulgarians regarding their generational belonging and differences. Although the correlation between risk propensity and migration attitudes has been studied in some countries, to date, it has neither been examined in Bulgaria – an Eastern European economy in transition – nor scrutinized in the light of generational differences. As part of a national survey ( N = 1,200) carried out in September-October 2021, young Bulgarians aged 18–35 years – Zoomers ( N = 444) and Millennials ( N = 756), we measured risk propensity both as a general tendency and as individual responses to different risk domains, using a revision of Jackson’s Risk-Taking Scale (1994) . We studied the emigration attitudes using an original 5-item Attitudes Toward Emigration Scale. The findings suggest that risk propensity, mostly in the social risk domain, is a powerful predictor of emigration attitudes among young Bulgarians, even more powerful for Millennials than Zoomers. The higher risk propensity is associated with more positive attitudes toward emigration. The findings have important interdisciplinary implications for psychological theory and demographic policy.","PeriodicalId":29838,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychology Open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44193943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-12DOI: 10.1024/2673-8627/a000034
Pascal Wagner-Egger, Daniel de Oliveira Fernandes, Joana Carrel, S. Delouvée
Abstract: Introduction: Conspiracy believers often claim that they believe in conspiracy theories not on irrational grounds, as scholars often argue, but because of the real scandals and real conspiracies that have occurred in history. Methods: We tested whether reminding people of real scandals in the political, economic, or scientific domain and exposition to invented scandals (i.e., that did not occur) increase beliefs in conspiracy theories. A secondary research question was whether conspiracy beliefs positively relate to differentiating between real and invented scandals. Results: Our results showed that reminding people of real scandals and exposing them to invented scandals did not affect their conspiracy beliefs. Higher conspiracy believers were slightly better than lower conspiracy believers at recognizing invented scandals but somewhat worse at recognizing real scandals. Participants from left-wing political orientation were also marginally better than those with right-wing orientation at identifying real scandals. Discussion/conclusion: Reminding people of real and invented scandals did not have a short-term effect on conspiracist beliefs. This article supports the argument that conspiracy theories are not helpful for social critique, as higher believers in conspiracy theories were not better than lower believers at recognizing actual scandals.
{"title":"Do Real and Invented Scandals Fuel Beliefs in Conspiracy Theories?","authors":"Pascal Wagner-Egger, Daniel de Oliveira Fernandes, Joana Carrel, S. Delouvée","doi":"10.1024/2673-8627/a000034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/2673-8627/a000034","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Introduction: Conspiracy believers often claim that they believe in conspiracy theories not on irrational grounds, as scholars often argue, but because of the real scandals and real conspiracies that have occurred in history. Methods: We tested whether reminding people of real scandals in the political, economic, or scientific domain and exposition to invented scandals (i.e., that did not occur) increase beliefs in conspiracy theories. A secondary research question was whether conspiracy beliefs positively relate to differentiating between real and invented scandals. Results: Our results showed that reminding people of real scandals and exposing them to invented scandals did not affect their conspiracy beliefs. Higher conspiracy believers were slightly better than lower conspiracy believers at recognizing invented scandals but somewhat worse at recognizing real scandals. Participants from left-wing political orientation were also marginally better than those with right-wing orientation at identifying real scandals. Discussion/conclusion: Reminding people of real and invented scandals did not have a short-term effect on conspiracist beliefs. This article supports the argument that conspiracy theories are not helpful for social critique, as higher believers in conspiracy theories were not better than lower believers at recognizing actual scandals.","PeriodicalId":29838,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychology Open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47167810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-18DOI: 10.1024/2673-8627/a000035
T. M. Dorčić, I. Živčić-Bećirević, Sanja Smojver-Ažić
Abstract: Introduction: Anxiety is one of the most common psychological problems in children, with an increasing trend during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study examines the mediating role of intolerance of uncertainty and cognitive emotion-regulation strategies in the relationship between stress and anxiety symptoms of children and early adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We conducted the study with 234 elementary school students (128 females) aged 11 to 15 years. The students completed the COVID-19 Stress Scale, Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale, Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale for Children, and the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. To determine whether stress affects anxiety symptoms both directly and indirectly through intolerance of uncertainty and cognitive emotion-regulation strategies, we performed a mediation analysis with gender as a covariate. Results: Our results confirmed cognitive emotion regulation and intolerance of uncertainty as important cognitive vulnerability factors for anxiety in children and adolescents. A stressful experience contributes directly to anxiety and indirectly through higher intolerance of uncertainty and less adaptive strategies. The results serve to further improve prevention and intervention programs for children and adolescents which focus on correcting maladaptive cognitive emotion-regulation strategies and increasing tolerance of uncertainty.
{"title":"Anxiety in Early Adolescents During the Covid-19 Pandemic","authors":"T. M. Dorčić, I. Živčić-Bećirević, Sanja Smojver-Ažić","doi":"10.1024/2673-8627/a000035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/2673-8627/a000035","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Introduction: Anxiety is one of the most common psychological problems in children, with an increasing trend during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study examines the mediating role of intolerance of uncertainty and cognitive emotion-regulation strategies in the relationship between stress and anxiety symptoms of children and early adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We conducted the study with 234 elementary school students (128 females) aged 11 to 15 years. The students completed the COVID-19 Stress Scale, Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale, Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale for Children, and the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. To determine whether stress affects anxiety symptoms both directly and indirectly through intolerance of uncertainty and cognitive emotion-regulation strategies, we performed a mediation analysis with gender as a covariate. Results: Our results confirmed cognitive emotion regulation and intolerance of uncertainty as important cognitive vulnerability factors for anxiety in children and adolescents. A stressful experience contributes directly to anxiety and indirectly through higher intolerance of uncertainty and less adaptive strategies. The results serve to further improve prevention and intervention programs for children and adolescents which focus on correcting maladaptive cognitive emotion-regulation strategies and increasing tolerance of uncertainty.","PeriodicalId":29838,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychology Open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46931797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-21DOI: 10.1024/2673-8627/a000033
Thomas Schäfer, Patricia Kreuzburg
Abstract: Background: Dancing to music can induce states of trance as well as very pleasant or ecstatic experiences – particularly when the music is repetitive, monotonous, and rhythmic. The consciousness-changing and trance-inducing effects of electronic music resemble some of the psychoactive effects induced by specific drugs. We hypothesized that the effects of dancing to electronic music alone and dancing combined with the intake of psychoactive drugs would produce similar levels of ecstatic trance. Methods: We investigated this hypothesis with 91 participants in a live club setting. About half of the participants had taken psychoactive drugs. We used the Phenomenology of Consciousness Inventory (PCI) to measure ecstatic trance. Results: As hypothesized, the trance depth was similar in participants who had taken drugs and those who had not. Equivalence testing showed no difference between the two groups. Discussion: The results show that, while dancing to electronic music, the intake of psychoactive drugs is not necessary to experience an ecstatic trance. This is relevant not only for understanding the effects of music and dance in everyday life but also for counseling and (music) therapy.
{"title":"The Effects of Dancing to Electronic Music and the Additional Intake of Psychoactive Drugs on the Experience of Trance","authors":"Thomas Schäfer, Patricia Kreuzburg","doi":"10.1024/2673-8627/a000033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/2673-8627/a000033","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Background: Dancing to music can induce states of trance as well as very pleasant or ecstatic experiences – particularly when the music is repetitive, monotonous, and rhythmic. The consciousness-changing and trance-inducing effects of electronic music resemble some of the psychoactive effects induced by specific drugs. We hypothesized that the effects of dancing to electronic music alone and dancing combined with the intake of psychoactive drugs would produce similar levels of ecstatic trance. Methods: We investigated this hypothesis with 91 participants in a live club setting. About half of the participants had taken psychoactive drugs. We used the Phenomenology of Consciousness Inventory (PCI) to measure ecstatic trance. Results: As hypothesized, the trance depth was similar in participants who had taken drugs and those who had not. Equivalence testing showed no difference between the two groups. Discussion: The results show that, while dancing to electronic music, the intake of psychoactive drugs is not necessary to experience an ecstatic trance. This is relevant not only for understanding the effects of music and dance in everyday life but also for counseling and (music) therapy.","PeriodicalId":29838,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychology Open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47886964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-17DOI: 10.1024/2673-8627/a000032
Wonbin Son, Jae－Young Yang
Abstract: Background: Previous research has not investigated why and how adolescents decide to continuously engage in Taekwondo activity, which, based on self-determination theory, has positive effects on diverse (physical, psychological, social) aspects. This study examines the structural relationship between three psychological needs (autonomy, competence, relatedness), intrinsic motivation, and intentions for Taekwondo activity continuity among high-school students participating in Taekwondo training programs. Methods: High-school students (130 males, 110 females) representing multiple nationalities participated in Taekwondo lessons for one session. During the last session class, they completed three questionnaires, and the collected data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results: The results revealed that the satisfaction of three psychological needs was positively and directly associated with intrinsic motivation at a statistically significant level. Additionally, intrinsic motivation directly and positively contributed to intentions for Taekwondo activity continuity and mediated the relationship between the satisfaction of psychological needs and intentions to continue Taekwondo at levels of statistical significance. Discussion: The findings indicate that, if high-school students meet three psychological needs during Taekwondo classes, they are likely to internalize positive feelings such as interest, enjoyment, and satisfaction. Further, intrinsically motivated students would be highly willing to continually engage in Taekwondo activity.
{"title":"High-School Students’ Continuous Engagement in Taekwondo Activity","authors":"Wonbin Son, Jae－Young Yang","doi":"10.1024/2673-8627/a000032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/2673-8627/a000032","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Background: Previous research has not investigated why and how adolescents decide to continuously engage in Taekwondo activity, which, based on self-determination theory, has positive effects on diverse (physical, psychological, social) aspects. This study examines the structural relationship between three psychological needs (autonomy, competence, relatedness), intrinsic motivation, and intentions for Taekwondo activity continuity among high-school students participating in Taekwondo training programs. Methods: High-school students (130 males, 110 females) representing multiple nationalities participated in Taekwondo lessons for one session. During the last session class, they completed three questionnaires, and the collected data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results: The results revealed that the satisfaction of three psychological needs was positively and directly associated with intrinsic motivation at a statistically significant level. Additionally, intrinsic motivation directly and positively contributed to intentions for Taekwondo activity continuity and mediated the relationship between the satisfaction of psychological needs and intentions to continue Taekwondo at levels of statistical significance. Discussion: The findings indicate that, if high-school students meet three psychological needs during Taekwondo classes, they are likely to internalize positive feelings such as interest, enjoyment, and satisfaction. Further, intrinsically motivated students would be highly willing to continually engage in Taekwondo activity.","PeriodicalId":29838,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Psychology Open","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41399853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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