Pub Date : 2020-10-13DOI: 10.1163/24684791-12340051
Ashton Ng
In the Ming dynasty (1368–1644), book collecting evolved from an elite pastime into a widespread obsession. ‘Bibliophilia’—the passionate love for books—drove many book collectors to exhaust their fortunes or even trade their concubines for books. As books became indispensable towards gaining respectability in Chinese society, scholars, merchants, and landowners ensured that their residences were thoroughly infused with the prestigious “fragrance of books”. Some literati even regarded book collecting as a man’s most important undertaking in life. Ming private book collectors broke away from tradition and made their private collections available for others to view, exchange, or copy, greatly promoting the circulation of books. Through their incredible attention to the collection, classification, storage, and proofreading of books, Ming bibliophiles contributed enormously to the preservation and transmission of Chinese culture.
{"title":"Bibliophilia: the Passion of Ming Dynasty Private Book Collectors","authors":"Ashton Ng","doi":"10.1163/24684791-12340051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/24684791-12340051","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000In the Ming dynasty (1368–1644), book collecting evolved from an elite pastime into a widespread obsession. ‘Bibliophilia’—the passionate love for books—drove many book collectors to exhaust their fortunes or even trade their concubines for books. As books became indispensable towards gaining respectability in Chinese society, scholars, merchants, and landowners ensured that their residences were thoroughly infused with the prestigious “fragrance of books”. Some literati even regarded book collecting as a man’s most important undertaking in life. Ming private book collectors broke away from tradition and made their private collections available for others to view, exchange, or copy, greatly promoting the circulation of books. Through their incredible attention to the collection, classification, storage, and proofreading of books, Ming bibliophiles contributed enormously to the preservation and transmission of Chinese culture.","PeriodicalId":29854,"journal":{"name":"Ming Qing Yanjiu","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64437090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-13DOI: 10.1163/24684791-12340047
Nataša Vampelj Suhadolnik
This article addresses the practices of collecting Chinese objects that were brought to the territory of present-day Slovenia by sailors, missionaries, travellers, and others who travelled to China in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. At the time, this territory was a part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire; we will, therefore, begin with the brief historical context of the Empire and its contact with China, followed by a discussion on the nature of collecting Chinese objects in Slovenian territories at that time. We will further examine the status of the individuals who travelled to China and the nature and extent of the objects they brought back. The article will also highlight the specific position of the Slovenian territory within the history of Euro-Asian cultural connections, and address the relevant issues—locally and globally—of the relationship between the centres and peripheries with regard to collecting practices.
{"title":"Collecting Chinese Objects in Slovenia at the Turn of the Twentieth Century","authors":"Nataša Vampelj Suhadolnik","doi":"10.1163/24684791-12340047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/24684791-12340047","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This article addresses the practices of collecting Chinese objects that were brought to the territory of present-day Slovenia by sailors, missionaries, travellers, and others who travelled to China in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. At the time, this territory was a part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire; we will, therefore, begin with the brief historical context of the Empire and its contact with China, followed by a discussion on the nature of collecting Chinese objects in Slovenian territories at that time. We will further examine the status of the individuals who travelled to China and the nature and extent of the objects they brought back. The article will also highlight the specific position of the Slovenian territory within the history of Euro-Asian cultural connections, and address the relevant issues—locally and globally—of the relationship between the centres and peripheries with regard to collecting practices.","PeriodicalId":29854,"journal":{"name":"Ming Qing Yanjiu","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47699570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-15DOI: 10.1163/24684791-12340041
S. Gandolfo
Collecting and hoarding are distinguished by order. An agglomeration of objects is defined by chaos while a collection comes into being through its organization. The largest collection of texts undertaken in Chinese dynastic history, the Complete Writings of the Four Repositories (Siku quanshu 四庫全書), is the high point of late imperial compilation projects (congshu 叢書). While much scholarship has been devoted to explaining the criteria of inclusion, the question of order remains largely unexplored. In this article, I investigate the link between the collection of knowledge and its organization in the high Qing. Specifically, I explore the poetic understanding of knowledge, the intellectual, non-political purposes behind the collection and its fundamental principle of order. I end this essay offering some remarks on the nature of the Complete Writings, high Qing scholarship, and contemporary attitudes towards classification.
{"title":"To Collect and to Order: the Siku quanshu 四庫全書 and its Organization","authors":"S. Gandolfo","doi":"10.1163/24684791-12340041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/24684791-12340041","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Collecting and hoarding are distinguished by order. An agglomeration of objects is defined by chaos while a collection comes into being through its organization. The largest collection of texts undertaken in Chinese dynastic history, the Complete Writings of the Four Repositories (Siku quanshu 四庫全書), is the high point of late imperial compilation projects (congshu 叢書). While much scholarship has been devoted to explaining the criteria of inclusion, the question of order remains largely unexplored. In this article, I investigate the link between the collection of knowledge and its organization in the high Qing. Specifically, I explore the poetic understanding of knowledge, the intellectual, non-political purposes behind the collection and its fundamental principle of order. I end this essay offering some remarks on the nature of the Complete Writings, high Qing scholarship, and contemporary attitudes towards classification.","PeriodicalId":29854,"journal":{"name":"Ming Qing Yanjiu","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/24684791-12340041","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48753053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-15DOI: 10.1163/24684791-12340040
Phillip Grimberg
The contributors to this special issue of Ming Qing Yanjiu have brought together diverse and original scholarship on various aspects of our topic that reflects upon the complexity of collecting as a concerted social act. Broadly defined as the selective acquisition and maintenance of an interrelated set of objects, collecting has long played a prominent role in different strata of society across time and cultures.1 In the introduction to their edited volume on Cultures of Collecting John Elsner and Roger Cardinal identify “[the] urge to erect a permanent complete system against the destructiveness of time” as one of the most compelling incentives for collecting.2 Thus, in keeping, maintaining, and safeguarding objects that carry multiple meanings—personal, historical, social, political, cultural, or other—while simultaneously ascribing a certain value and a biographical dimension to these objects based on historic and/or social contingency,3 the collector functions as a transmitter of material evidence of human creative and mimetic acts.4 The fruit of these acts might eventually feature in a catalogue or an inventory of a given collection that provides information about the objects collected. However inchoate and vestigial, the practice of recording a collection’s contents evidently points to an intent not only to itemize, but
这期《明清烟酒》特刊的撰稿人汇集了关于我们这个主题的各个方面的各种各样的原创学术，反映了收藏作为一种协调一致的社会行为的复杂性。收藏被广泛地定义为选择性地获取和维护一套相互关联的物品，长期以来，收藏在不同时代和文化的社会不同阶层中发挥着突出的作用约翰·埃尔斯纳(John Elsner)和罗杰·卡迪纳(Roger Cardinal)在他们编辑的《收藏文化》(Cultures of Collecting)一书的前言中指出，“建立一个永久完整的系统以对抗时间的破坏性的冲动”是收藏最令人信服的动机之一因此，在保存、维护和保护具有多重意义的物品——个人的、历史的、社会的、政治的、文化的或其他的——同时赋予这些物品一定的价值和传记维度(基于历史和/或社会偶然性)的过程中，收藏者扮演了人类创造和模仿行为物证的传递者的角色这些行为的成果可能最终会出现在提供有关所收集物品信息的目录或给定收藏品的清单中。无论多么不成熟和陈旧，记录藏品内容的做法显然表明，其意图不仅是逐项记录，而且是记录
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Pub Date : 2019-12-10DOI: 10.1163/24684791-12340038
O. Milburn
Aiming to highlight thriving research on Ming and Qing China carried out by scholars trained and/or working in the United Kingdom, this special issue of MQYJ includes contributions by Professor Olivia Milburn (Seoul National University), Dr Ewan Macdonald (University of Cambridge), and Dr Gregory Adam Scott (University of Manchester), together with a review by Dr Chen Jiani (previously at SOAS University of London, now at Zhongshan University, Zhuhai) of Yang Haihong’s volume on Women’s Poetry and Poetics in Late Imperial China: A Dialogic Engagement (Rowman & Littlefield, 2017). Olivia Milburn is Associate Professor at the Department of Chinese Language and Literature, Seoul National University. She received her PhD in the history of ancient China and Chinese literature at SOAS University of London (2003), after completing her BA and MPhil in Chinese language and literature at Cambridge and Oxford. She has published extensively, authoring volumes and articles on a variety of topics related to ancient China (amongst them: “The Blind Instructing the Sighted: Representations of Music Master Kuang in Early Chinese Texts”, Monumenta Serica, 2018; Cherishing Antiquity: The Cultural Construction of an Ancient Chinese Kingdom, Harvard-Yenching Institute Monograph Series, 2013; “Marked out for Greatness? Perceptions of Deformity and Physical Disability in Ancient China”, Monumenta Serica, 2007; “Kingship and Inheritance in the State of Wu: Fraternal Succession in Spring and Autumn Period China”, T’oung Pao, 2004). She is also the author of important annotated translations, such as The Spring and Autumn Annals of Master Yan (Brill, 2016), Urbanization in Early and Medieval China: Gazetteers for the City of Suzhou (University of Washington Press, 2015), and The Glory of Yue: An Annotated Translation of the Yuejue shu (Brill, 2010). In her contribution to this issue of MQYJ, entitled “Zhao Luanluan and Her Tale”, Milburn examines the fictional character of Zhao Luanluan 趙鸞鸞, the Yuan dynasty gentlewoman in the early Ming tragic story Luanluan zhuan 鸞鸞傳 (The Tale of Luanluan) by Li Changqi 李昌祺 (1376–1452). Milburn exposes the late Ming practice of misrepresentation of the poems attributed to Zhao within the story, casting light on their actual author, presumably Li himself. She also cautions readers about the consequences of misattribution, an
为了突出在英国接受培训和/或工作的学者对明清中国的蓬勃研究，本期《MQYJ》特刊包括Olivia Milburn教授(首尔国立大学)、Ewan Macdonald博士(剑桥大学)和Gregory Adam Scott博士(曼彻斯特大学)的贡献，以及陈嘉尼博士(曾在伦敦SOAS大学工作，现任职中山大学)的一篇综述。杨海虹《晚清中国女性诗歌与诗学:对话的参与》(罗曼&利特菲尔德出版社，2017)。奥利维亚·米尔本，首尔国立大学中国语言文学系副教授。2003年，她在伦敦大学亚非学院获得中国古代历史和中国文学博士学位，并在剑桥大学和牛津大学获得中国语言文学学士学位和哲学硕士学位。她出版了大量与中国古代有关的书籍和文章(其中包括:《盲人指导盲人:早期中国文本中的音乐大师邝的表现》，Monumenta Serica, 2018;《珍爱古物:一个中国古代王国的文化建设》，哈佛—燕京研究院专著丛书，2013;“注定成为伟人?”《中国古代的残缺与残障认知》，《古迹学》，2007;吴国的王权与继承:中国春秋时期的兄弟继承[j]，《公报》，2004年。她还著有重要的注释译著，如《阎大师的春秋》(Brill, 2016)、《中国早期和中世纪的城市化:苏州市志》(华盛顿大学出版社，2015)和《越的荣耀:越越书注释翻译》(Brill, 2010)。在她为这期《MQYJ》撰写的题为《赵鸾鸾和她的故事》的文章中，米尔本研究了赵鸾鸾这个虚构的人物。赵鸾鸾是李昌启(1376-1452)的悲剧故事《鸾鸾传》(《鸾鸾传》)中的元代贵妇。米尔本揭露了明末在故事中歪曲赵氏诗作的做法，揭示了它们的实际作者，可能是李本人。她还提醒读者注意错误归因的后果
{"title":"Introduction to Research on Late Imperial China: a Perspective from the UK","authors":"O. Milburn","doi":"10.1163/24684791-12340038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/24684791-12340038","url":null,"abstract":"Aiming to highlight thriving research on Ming and Qing China carried out by scholars trained and/or working in the United Kingdom, this special issue of MQYJ includes contributions by Professor Olivia Milburn (Seoul National University), Dr Ewan Macdonald (University of Cambridge), and Dr Gregory Adam Scott (University of Manchester), together with a review by Dr Chen Jiani (previously at SOAS University of London, now at Zhongshan University, Zhuhai) of Yang Haihong’s volume on Women’s Poetry and Poetics in Late Imperial China: A Dialogic Engagement (Rowman & Littlefield, 2017). Olivia Milburn is Associate Professor at the Department of Chinese Language and Literature, Seoul National University. She received her PhD in the history of ancient China and Chinese literature at SOAS University of London (2003), after completing her BA and MPhil in Chinese language and literature at Cambridge and Oxford. She has published extensively, authoring volumes and articles on a variety of topics related to ancient China (amongst them: “The Blind Instructing the Sighted: Representations of Music Master Kuang in Early Chinese Texts”, Monumenta Serica, 2018; Cherishing Antiquity: The Cultural Construction of an Ancient Chinese Kingdom, Harvard-Yenching Institute Monograph Series, 2013; “Marked out for Greatness? Perceptions of Deformity and Physical Disability in Ancient China”, Monumenta Serica, 2007; “Kingship and Inheritance in the State of Wu: Fraternal Succession in Spring and Autumn Period China”, T’oung Pao, 2004). She is also the author of important annotated translations, such as The Spring and Autumn Annals of Master Yan (Brill, 2016), Urbanization in Early and Medieval China: Gazetteers for the City of Suzhou (University of Washington Press, 2015), and The Glory of Yue: An Annotated Translation of the Yuejue shu (Brill, 2010). In her contribution to this issue of MQYJ, entitled “Zhao Luanluan and Her Tale”, Milburn examines the fictional character of Zhao Luanluan 趙鸞鸞, the Yuan dynasty gentlewoman in the early Ming tragic story Luanluan zhuan 鸞鸞傳 (The Tale of Luanluan) by Li Changqi 李昌祺 (1376–1452). Milburn exposes the late Ming practice of misrepresentation of the poems attributed to Zhao within the story, casting light on their actual author, presumably Li himself. She also cautions readers about the consequences of misattribution, an","PeriodicalId":29854,"journal":{"name":"Ming Qing Yanjiu","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/24684791-12340038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44729862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-17DOI: 10.1163/24684791-12340031
Elke Papelitzky
Huang Zhong’s 1536 Hai yu is a short text about foreign countries and products connected to the sea. To compile his book, the author mainly used information based on what seafarers told him in his native place Nanhai, Guangdong, making the text a unique source for Chinese maritime history during the early sixteenth century. In the Ming dynasty, at least three different versions were circulating, all of which are now lost. Luckily, all three editions were preserved in congshu of the late Ming and Qing dynasties. The Hai yu was read and quoted by later scholars, especially those from the Jiangnan area, who valued the book for its expertise on products and animals. Through the analysis of two full text databases of Chinese texts and gazetteers, this article examines the history of reading of Huang Zhong’s book, as well as the circulation of knowledge and the changes and adaptions Huang Zhong’s knowledge went through.
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Pub Date : 2019-06-17DOI: 10.1163/24684791-12340033
C. Bocci
This study examines two entries in Huang Zhong’s Words of the Sea: ‘fierce-fire oil’ and ‘tumi-dew’ (rose-water), whose connection goes back at least to the tenth century, when they were offered as tributes by the king of Champa. They continued to appear together down through the centuries, thus reinforcing the idea of a particular relation; a curious circumstance, given their utterly different nature: an incendiary medium to destroy enemies, and an intoxicating fragrance. Going back in time, one realizes that they shared a Middle Eastern origin: Byzantium, Persia and the Arabian Peninsula. As the sea-routes took on a more prominent role and new powers like Srivijaya emerged (see Kulke, 2016), they got to be appreciated along the shores of the Indian Ocean, where they generated such great profits that the locals learned to manufacture their own alternatives. Huang Zhong seems to be the first to name ‘tumi-flower dew’ this alternative rose-water.
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Pub Date : 2019-06-17DOI: 10.1163/24684791-12340032
R. Ptak
There are many studies on the history of the islands in the South China Sea. The present article looks at the references to these islands in one source, Huang Zhong’s 黄衷 Hai yu 海語 (preface 1536). This mainly concerns two entries in that work. One entry bears the title Wanli shitang 萬里石塘, the other is called Wanli changsha 萬里長沙. The article presents English translations of these entries together with detailed comments. These comments are necessary because both entries contain several terms and passages that are difficult to understand. The comments investigate questions related to the geography and other phenoma of this area. This involves citations from contemporary sources as well as from some earlier and later works. In that sense the article may classify as a long philological note, or a collection of glosses, on a particular aspect described in one important mid-Ming text.
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Pub Date : 2019-06-17DOI: 10.1163/24684791-12340034
Ying-kit Chan
The exponential growth of the population from the founding decades of the Qing Dynasty to the early nineteenth century placed tremendous stress on the local bureaucracies, which increasingly depended on county clerks and runners and the nondegree-holding literati to reduce costs within the Qing Empire. This article investigates the life of Lin Shumei 林樹梅 (1808–1851), a private secretary, or muyou 幕友, from Jinmen who had served in semiofficial capacities in Taiwan and Xiamen, highlighting the kind of opportunities that were available to him in the imperial bureaucracy. By plotting the career trajectory of Lin Shumei, the article shows that the defence, governance and settlement of the frontier regions of the Qing Empire depended more on the expertise of ‘men on the spot’ such as Lin than on policies devised in the imperial and provincial capitals.
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Pub Date : 2019-03-12DOI: 10.1163/24684791-12340026
Francesco Calzolaio
Between 1250 and 1450 a saying about China spread across Eurasia, from Castile to the Indian subcontinent. It is the proverb known as the “eyes of the world”, according to which when it comes to arts and crafts, the Chinese see with two eyes, the Europeans with one, and other nations are blind. This metaphor was widely used by pre-modern Eurasian intellectuals to synthesize the high degree of sophistication and splendour reached by Chinese culture. It has been suggested that the adage originated either in the Byzantine world or in Mongol China, whence it spread to central Asia, the Indian subcontinent, and Europe. A study of Persian sources, however, seems to invalidate this hypothesis, suggesting a Persian origin. Such Eurasian diffusion of a Persian saying about China illustrates how easily literary images, tropes, and lore could spread across the Mongol empire and how Asian geographic and ethnographic discourses could contribute to the new representation of the world which emerged in the Mongol period. It also advocates for the inclusivity of Persian literary imagery, at times so influent as to trespass the borders both of the Persianate and of the Islamicate world.
{"title":"China, the Abode of Arts and Crafts: Emergence and Diffusion of a Persian Saying on China in Mongol Eurasia","authors":"Francesco Calzolaio","doi":"10.1163/24684791-12340026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/24684791-12340026","url":null,"abstract":"Between 1250 and 1450 a saying about China spread across Eurasia, from Castile to the Indian subcontinent. It is the proverb known as the “eyes of the world”, according to which when it comes to arts and crafts, the Chinese see with two eyes, the Europeans with one, and other nations are blind. This metaphor was widely used by pre-modern Eurasian intellectuals to synthesize the high degree of sophistication and splendour reached by Chinese culture. It has been suggested that the adage originated either in the Byzantine world or in Mongol China, whence it spread to central Asia, the Indian subcontinent, and Europe. A study of Persian sources, however, seems to invalidate this hypothesis, suggesting a Persian origin. Such Eurasian diffusion of a Persian saying about China illustrates how easily literary images, tropes, and lore could spread across the Mongol empire and how Asian geographic and ethnographic discourses could contribute to the new representation of the world which emerged in the Mongol period. It also advocates for the inclusivity of Persian literary imagery, at times so influent as to trespass the borders both of the Persianate and of the Islamicate world.","PeriodicalId":29854,"journal":{"name":"Ming Qing Yanjiu","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/24684791-12340026","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47086227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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