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High-frequency broadband radar signal generation based on optical frequency comb 基于光学频率梳的高频宽带雷达信号生成技术
Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.1117/12.3005263
Ma Xi, Weigang Zhao, Xiangang Song, Duan Bo, Qinggui Tan
The rapid development of radar technology requires RF transmitters with high working frequency, broad tuning bandwidth, flexible reconfigurability, and the ability of generating large time-bandwidth product signals. In this paper, we reviewed the main architecture and research status of high-frequency, broadband, multi-format radar waveform generation technology based on optical frequency combs (OFCs) in the context of microwave photonics, and we highlighted the technical route and the main problems that exist for the purpose of practical engineering applications. The main challenges and development trends of microwave photonic radar RF front-end based on optical frequency comb in future applications are also presented.
雷达技术的快速发展要求射频发射机具有较高的工作频率、较宽的调谐带宽、灵活的可重构性以及产生大时间带宽乘积信号的能力。本文综述了微波光子学背景下基于光频率梳(OFC)的高频、宽带、多格式雷达波形生成技术的主要架构和研究现状,重点介绍了该技术在实际工程应用中的技术路线和存在的主要问题。此外,还介绍了基于光频梳的微波光子雷达射频前端在未来应用中的主要挑战和发展趋势。
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引用次数: 0
Experimental study on chemical mechanical polishing of LNOI surfaces LNOI 表面化学机械抛光实验研究
Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.1117/12.3004109
Xutao Zhang, Jianfeng Bao, Feng Yang, Ziyang Li, Dengcai Yang
In recent years, lithium niobate (LiNbO3) has been widely used in optical fiber communication, quantum communication, fiber optic gyroscopes and microwave photonics as an important photonic material. Lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) has attracted much attention as an emerging photonic integrated material. Compared with traditional lithium niobate crystal materials, LNOI materials have the ability to realize miniaturized photonic devices with higher efficiency and lower energy consumption, thus showing great potential in the design and manufacture of photonic devices. However, due to the high hardness and inactive chemical properties of LNOI materials, the traditional semiconductor process cannot process its nanostructures, which limits the optimization of the key performance indicators of the device, thus hindering the further development of high-quality and miniaturized LNOI optoelectronic functional devices. In the preparation process of the LNOI waveguide, the sidewall of the ridge waveguide formed by etching is often not flat enough, which may lead to an increase in light scattering loss. To solve this problem, surface polishing technology, especially chemical mechanical polishing (CMP), has become an important method. Polishing the surface of the LNOI device by CMP can reduce the roughness of the waveguide sidewall after etching, improve the performance and power transmission efficiency of the device, and ensure that the sidewall surface is flat and smooth to achieve the minimum optical coupling loss and maximum power transmission.
近年来,铌酸锂(LiNbO3)作为一种重要的光子材料被广泛应用于光纤通信、量子通信、光纤陀螺仪和微波光子学等领域。绝缘体铌酸锂(LNOI)作为一种新兴的光子集成材料备受关注。与传统的铌酸锂晶体材料相比,铌酸锂绝缘体材料能够实现光子器件的微型化,具有更高的效率和更低的能耗,因此在光子器件的设计和制造方面显示出巨大的潜力。然而,由于 LNOI 材料硬度高、化学性质不活泼,传统半导体工艺无法加工其纳米结构,限制了器件关键性能指标的优化,从而阻碍了高质量、微型化 LNOI 光电功能器件的进一步发展。在 LNOI 波导的制备过程中,蚀刻形成的脊波导侧壁往往不够平整,这可能会导致光散射损耗增加。为解决这一问题,表面抛光技术,尤其是化学机械抛光(CMP),已成为一种重要的方法。利用 CMP 抛光 LNOI 器件的表面,可以降低蚀刻后波导侧壁的粗糙度,提高器件的性能和功率传输效率,确保侧壁表面平整光滑,从而实现最小的光耦合损耗和最大的功率传输。
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引用次数: 0
Suppression of time-delayed signature in chaotic signals based on optoelectronic hybrid feedbacks 基于光电混合反馈抑制混沌信号中的时延特征
Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.1117/12.3007457
Ziwei Xu, Zhen Zeng, Zhiyao Zhang, Yong Liu
A novel approach to suppressing the time-delayed signature (TDS) in chaotic signals from the semiconductor laser (SCL) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated based on the optoelectronic hybrid feedback. Through combining the distributed feedback in the chirped fiber Bragg grating (CFBG) with the nonlinear optoelectronic feedback provided by the microwave photonic link, a low-TDS chaotic oscillation is successfully built up in the SCI cavity. Thanks to the employment of the nonlinear optoelectronic feedback, the proposed scheme can generate low TDS chaotic signals by using a CFBG with a much smaller grating dispersion coefficient of about 22.3 ps/nm compared with the scheme relying solely on the distributed feedback (i.e., 2000 ps/nm). In addition, different from the broadband optoelectronic oscillator, there is almost no stringent requirement of the extremely high net gain of the microwave photonic link. In the proof-of-concept experiment, the chaotic signal generated by the proposed scheme has a much lower TDS of about 0.05, a higher PE of 0.9978, and a better spectral flatness of 8 dB, compared with the conventional distributed feedback laser.
在光电混合反馈的基础上,提出了一种抑制来自半导体激光器(SCL)的混沌信号中的时延特征(TDS)的新方法,并进行了实验验证。通过将啁啾光纤布拉格光栅(CFBG)中的分布式反馈与微波光子链路提供的非线性光电反馈相结合,成功地在 SCI 腔中建立了低 TDS 混沌振荡。由于采用了非线性光电反馈,与单纯依靠分布式反馈的方案(即 2000 ps/nm)相比,所提出的方案可以使用光栅色散系数更小的 CFBG(约 22.3 ps/nm)来产生低 TDS 混沌信号。此外,与宽带光电振荡器不同,微波光子链路对极高的净增益几乎没有严格要求。在概念验证实验中,与传统的分布反馈激光器相比,拟议方案产生的混沌信号具有更低的 TDS(约 0.05)、更高的 PE(0.9978)和更好的光谱平坦度(8 dB)。
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引用次数: 0
Simulation research on coherent detection of pulsed laser based on LFM 基于 LFM 的脉冲激光相干探测模拟研究
Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.1117/12.3002148
Yuan Ye, Jingguo Zhu, Chenghao Jiang, Zhihong Hu, Yuhua Jiang, Ru-qing Liu, Zhonghe Liu
Aiming at the problem that the laser coherent detection system is easy to be annihilated in the noise in the long-distance and complex environment, resulting in the system unable to extract effective information, In this paper, the pulse compression theory and matched filter principle are analyzed, and a target high-precision matched filter LFM system model suitable for laser coherent detection is proposed, by transmitting a linear frequency modulation signal, combined with the matched filter algorithm to process the echo signal, realizes the target distance solution under the condition of low signal-to-noise ratio. At the same time, the influence of FM bandwidth on the multi-target extractionability under different SNR is studied, and the FM bandwidth-ranging accuracy model is established. Compared with the ordinary windowing algorithm, by increasing the system FM bandwidth, it can be effective in extremely low signal-to-noise ratios. Extract multi-target distance values. The simulation results show that under the condition of -40 dB signal-to-noise ratio, setting the frequency modulation bandwidth to 4 GHz can effectively achieve multi-target detection, and the ranging accuracy can reach 4.5 mm.
针对激光相干探测系统在长距离复杂环境中容易被噪声湮没,导致系统无法提取有效信息的问题,本文分析了脉冲压缩理论和匹配滤波器原理,提出了一种适合激光相干探测的目标高精度匹配滤波器低频调制系统模型,通过发射线性频率调制信号,结合匹配滤波器算法处理回波信号,实现了低信噪比条件下的目标距离解算。同时,研究了不同信噪比下调频带宽对多目标提取能力的影响,建立了调频带宽-测距精度模型。与普通开窗算法相比,通过增加系统调频带宽,可以在极低信噪比下有效地提取多目标距离值。仿真结果表明,在信噪比为-40 dB 的条件下,将频率调制带宽设置为 4 GHz 可以有效实现多目标检测,测距精度可达 4.5 mm。
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引用次数: 0
Demonstration of 112Gb/s PAM4/6 signal transmission in IM/DD systems using MLSE 利用 MLSE 在 IM/DD 系统中演示 112Gb/s PAM4/6 信号传输
Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.1117/12.3005746
Yao Xie, Na Li, Wei Li, Peili He, Zhongshuai Feng, Hua Zhang, Chaonan Yao
In this paper, we experimentally demonstrated the transmission of 112 Gb/s PAM-4 and PAM-6 signals over standard single-mode fibers for 2 km and 10 km based on a 30GHz-EML. We have used three algorithms, of which MLSE has best BER performance. In consideration of algorithm complexity, FFE is cascaded before MLSE. For PAM-4 signal, the sensitivity is improved by 1 dB when using MLSE compared to FFE.
在本文中,我们以 30GHz-EML 为基础,实验演示了在标准单模光纤上传输 112 Gb/s PAM-4 和 PAM-6 信号,传输距离分别为 2 千米和 10 千米。我们使用了三种算法,其中 MLSE 的误码率性能最佳。考虑到算法的复杂性,在 MLSE 之前级联了 FFE。对于 PAM-4 信号,与 FFE 相比,使用 MLSE 时灵敏度提高了 1 dB。
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引用次数: 0
Optical design of an underwater wide working distance robot vision lens 水下宽工作距离机器人视觉镜头的光学设计
Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.1117/12.3005306
Ruikang Li, Da Mu, Yongjun Hao, Peng Chen
The continuous exploration of the ocean boosts an increasing use of optical means to guide underwater object grasping or underwater docking. In this paper, an underwater wide working distance lens is designed, which is suitable when accurate guidance by machine vision at close range is needed. The lens is adaptable for underwater manipulator grabbing the target, docking of unmanned underwater vehicles and so on. The commonly used sonar guidance methods for underwater long-distance work are difficult to meet the accuracy of close-range work. The method of optical guidance is also affected by factors such as water's absorption and scattering of light, and can only work at close distances. Combining the limitations of both, the designed working distance of this system is within the range of 0.1-10 m, and the use of polarization can further improve the effectiveness of underwater imaging. In view of the effects of seawater refractive index, water pressure, total length limit, and water temperature in the seawater use environment, this paper designs an underwater lens with the maximum working depth of 1500 meters and the working water temperature of 0-30 degrees. The lens is designed with flat underwater optical window and 10 spherical elements in 8 groups. The diagonal field of view (FoV) in water is 35 degrees, F-number (F/#) of 1.8, and the total length is less than 70mm, which is used with the polarization image sensors of 2/3inch optical format. The good imaging quality of the lens satisfies the MTF greater than 0.4@145lp/mm in the whole working distance.
随着对海洋的不断探索,越来越多地使用光学手段来引导水下物体的抓取或水下对接。本文设计了一种水下宽工作距离镜头,适用于需要近距离机器视觉精确制导的情况。该镜头适用于水下机械手抓取目标、无人潜航器对接等。水下远距离作业常用的声纳制导方法很难满足近距离作业的精度要求。而光学制导方法也受到水对光线的吸收和散射等因素的影响,只能在近距离工作。结合两者的局限性,本系统的设计工作距离在 0.1-10 米范围内,偏振的使用可以进一步提高水下成像的效果。考虑到海水使用环境中海水折射率、水压、总长度限制和水温的影响,本文设计了一种最大工作深度为 1500 米、工作水温为 0-30 度的水下镜头。该镜头采用平面水下光学窗口设计,10 个球面元件共 8 组。水下对角视场角(FoV)为 35 度,F 值(F/#)为 1.8,总长度小于 70 毫米,可与 2/3 英寸光学格式的偏振图像传感器配合使用。该镜头成像质量好,在整个工作距离内 MTF 大于 0.4@145lp/mm。
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引用次数: 0
Morphing behavior of a piezoelectric deformable mirror under complex environment for space active optics 用于空间主动光学的压电可变形镜在复杂环境下的变形行为
Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.1117/12.3007900
Yuxuan Gong, Yian Yu, Kainan Wang
This paper delves into the investigation of morphing capabilities in a unimorph deformable mirror within the context of Active Optics applications, specifically when exposed to environmental factors in space. The study encompasses an array of factors that contribute to disturbances, encompassing intricate thermal and mechanical conditions that impact the ferroelectric properties of strain actuation. The study also focuses on the effects of stress-induced geometric stiffness on the mirror's structural rigidity. In addition, the paper envisions the potential utilization of these mirrors in lightweight satellite systems.
本文以主动光学应用为背景,深入研究了非变形可变镜的变形能力,特别是在暴露于太空环境因素时的变形能力。研究涵盖了一系列导致干扰的因素,包括影响应变致动铁电特性的复杂热和机械条件。研究还关注应力引起的几何刚度对反射镜结构刚度的影响。此外,论文还设想了这些反射镜在轻型卫星系统中的潜在用途。
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引用次数: 0
Development trend and integrated design of liquid launch vehicle 液体运载火箭的发展趋势和综合设计
Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.1117/12.3008122
Haoliang Yang
Over the past decade, numerous types of launch vehicles, exceeding a dozen in total, have achieved their maiden flights. Through a meticulous analysis and evaluation of these launch vehicles. The global space industry has ushered in a new era marked by complete commercialization, innovation-driven advancements, and the integration of military and civilian efforts. Taking into account the evolving demands of commercial satellites worldwide, particularly the deployment of space station cargo supplies, low-orbit Internet constellations, and flight transportation, there is an urgent need to augment the payload capacity and carrying efficiency of launch vehicles. Enhancing launch efficiency is also paramount. Consequently, it is imperative to construct a series of launch vehicles that possess comprehensive mission capabilities and exhibit a first-class technological standard. These endeavors will effectively cater to the ever-increasing requirements of the industry.
在过去的十年中,众多类型的运载火箭实现了首飞,总数超过了十几枚。通过对这些运载火箭的细致分析和评估。全球航天工业已经进入了一个以完全商业化、创新驱动进步和军民融合为标志的新时代。考虑到全球商业卫星不断发展的需求,特别是空间站货物补给、低轨道互联网星座和飞行运输的部署,迫切需要提高运载火箭的有效载荷能力和运载效率。提高发射效率也是至关重要的。因此,必须建造一系列具有综合任务能力和一流技术水平的运载火箭。这些努力将有效满足业界日益增长的需求。
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引用次数: 0
Ultrafast pulse generation via magnetic topological insulator MnBi2Te4 nanosheets 通过磁性拓扑绝缘体 MnBi2Te4 纳米片生成超快脉冲
Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.1117/12.3005487
Haiqin Deng, Qiang Yu, Zixin Yang, Jian Wu, Pu Zhou
Recently, 2D layered MnBi2Te4 has been a promising candidate for discovering the exotic topological quantum phenomena for the coexisting topology and magnetism. In particular, the layered structure of MnBi2Te4 with a small bandgap possesses excellent ultrafast nonlinear response and broadband saturable absorption, which indicates that they can be applied in the field of ultrafast photonics. Despite tremendous research on magnetism and topology, the nonlinear optical properties of MnBi2Te4 have been underexplored. Herein, we have successfully synthesized the high-quality MnBi2Te4 by the self-flux method. By using MnBi2Te4 nanosheets as a saturable absorber (SA), a passive mode-locking erbium-doped fiber (EDF) laser centered at 1560 nm was obtained with a pulse duration of 331 fs. This work suggests that magnetic topological insulators possess great potential for ultrafast photonics.
最近,二维层状 MnBi2Te4 已成为发现拓扑与磁性共存的奇异拓扑量子现象的有望候选材料。尤其是具有小带隙的层状 MnBi2Te4 结构具有优异的超快非线性响应和宽带可饱和吸收,这表明它们可以应用于超快光子学领域。尽管在磁学和拓扑学方面有大量研究,但对锰铋碲 4 的非线性光学特性的探索还很不够。在此,我们采用自流变方法成功合成了高质量的 MnBi2Te4。通过使用 MnBi2Te4 纳米片作为可饱和吸收体(SA),我们获得了中心波长为 1560 nm、脉冲持续时间为 331 fs 的无源锁模掺铒光纤(EDF)激光器。这项工作表明,磁性拓扑绝缘体在超快光子学方面具有巨大潜力。
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引用次数: 0
A monocular 3D imaging system based on polarization-sensitive metalens 基于偏振敏感金属膜的单目三维成像系统
Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.1117/12.3002537
Xueqi Chen, Lurui Xia, Sen Li, Yi Liu, Xuanwen Yang, Jijian Hu, Yan Lu
In this paper, a monolithic polarizing metalens is used to extract multiple polarization information of the target at the same time. The i1maging receiver uses a general detector easily available on the market, which can obtain the intensity information image of multiple polarization components. The polarization measurement speed is fast, and the number of modules in the optical system is reduced The monocular 3D imaging system based on polarization-sensitive metalens collects diffuse reflected light from the surface of the target, and uses different polarimetric sub-images obtained by the metalens to carry out 3D reconstruction of the target.
本文使用单片偏振金属膜同时提取目标的多个偏振信息。i1maging 接收器使用市场上容易买到的通用探测器,可获得多个偏振分量的强度信息图像。偏振测量速度快,减少了光学系统中的模块数量。基于偏振敏感金属膜的单目三维成像系统收集目标表面的漫反射光,并利用金属膜获得的不同偏振子图像对目标进行三维重建。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Applied Optics and Photonics China
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