Pub Date : 2016-07-20DOI: 10.1109/CSNDSP.2016.7574043
S. S. Kolahi, Y. Cao, Hong Chen
IPSec (IP Security) and SSL (Secure Socket Layer) are the main technologies for securing communications via the Internet. In this paper, we present new results on the performance of SSL using Windows 7 operating system under IEEE802.11n wireless network. Enabling IPSec security results on average approximately 50% less TCP throughout while enabling SSL security results on average approximately 96% less TCP throughput compared to open system. In IPSec, 3DES-SHA encrypted system outperformed AES128-SHA encrypted system with a maximum difference of 2.40 Mbps for packet size of 1408. However, in SSL, AES128-SHA and 3DES-SHA had almost the same performance.
{"title":"Impact of SSL security on bandwidth and delay in IEEE 802.11n WLAN using Windows 7","authors":"S. S. Kolahi, Y. Cao, Hong Chen","doi":"10.1109/CSNDSP.2016.7574043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CSNDSP.2016.7574043","url":null,"abstract":"IPSec (IP Security) and SSL (Secure Socket Layer) are the main technologies for securing communications via the Internet. In this paper, we present new results on the performance of SSL using Windows 7 operating system under IEEE802.11n wireless network. Enabling IPSec security results on average approximately 50% less TCP throughout while enabling SSL security results on average approximately 96% less TCP throughput compared to open system. In IPSec, 3DES-SHA encrypted system outperformed AES128-SHA encrypted system with a maximum difference of 2.40 Mbps for packet size of 1408. However, in SSL, AES128-SHA and 3DES-SHA had almost the same performance.","PeriodicalId":298711,"journal":{"name":"2016 10th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks and Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122526946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-20DOI: 10.1109/CSNDSP.2016.7573952
Yangzi Liu, P. Shepherd, D. Allsopp
In this paper, a novel simulation tool has been developed to examine the statistics of polarization dependent loss (PDL) using short fibre links in the first instance. Hardware emulator which has been previously developed [1] was used to generate measurement results with the same settings as the simulator. The results show that the simulator works reliably, so it can now be used to simulate the statistical results for more realistic long distance communications systems. The results also prove that the PDL variance reaches a minimum when each of the fibre lengths is approximately equal.
{"title":"Comparision of simulation and emulation of polarization dependent loss in short fibre links","authors":"Yangzi Liu, P. Shepherd, D. Allsopp","doi":"10.1109/CSNDSP.2016.7573952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CSNDSP.2016.7573952","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a novel simulation tool has been developed to examine the statistics of polarization dependent loss (PDL) using short fibre links in the first instance. Hardware emulator which has been previously developed [1] was used to generate measurement results with the same settings as the simulator. The results show that the simulator works reliably, so it can now be used to simulate the statistical results for more realistic long distance communications systems. The results also prove that the PDL variance reaches a minimum when each of the fibre lengths is approximately equal.","PeriodicalId":298711,"journal":{"name":"2016 10th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks and Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126545716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-20DOI: 10.1109/CSNDSP.2016.7573960
Arash Saboori, S. A. Hosseini
In this paper, a novel method is proposed for color image watermarking using PCA transform and histogram matching technique. First the color cover image is transformed into YUV from RGB space. Next, the luminance component(Y) is divided into non-overlapping blocks. Then, the values of each block are placed in the matrix data (X) and PCA transform will be applied to it. Finally, the watermark (grayscale image) is embedded into the first component of the PCA after histogram matching to it. Also the proposed method is compared to other methods in spatial domain. Our method is robust and increases the capacity of watermarking.
{"title":"A novel non-blind watermarking scheme for color image using PCA transform and histogram matching technique","authors":"Arash Saboori, S. A. Hosseini","doi":"10.1109/CSNDSP.2016.7573960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CSNDSP.2016.7573960","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a novel method is proposed for color image watermarking using PCA transform and histogram matching technique. First the color cover image is transformed into YUV from RGB space. Next, the luminance component(Y) is divided into non-overlapping blocks. Then, the values of each block are placed in the matrix data (X) and PCA transform will be applied to it. Finally, the watermark (grayscale image) is embedded into the first component of the PCA after histogram matching to it. Also the proposed method is compared to other methods in spatial domain. Our method is robust and increases the capacity of watermarking.","PeriodicalId":298711,"journal":{"name":"2016 10th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks and Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP)","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127319119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-20DOI: 10.1109/CSNDSP.2016.7573936
Jiří Miloš, L. Polak, M. Slanina, T. Kratochvil
Measuring the performance of wireless communication systems, especially on the physical layer level, is essential for their development and usage in the real world. With the upcoming 5G technology, various wireless technologies will be used at the same place and at the same time. Consequently, measuring and evaluating their influence on each other is important. In this paper, we present a simple measurement setup to monitor and evaluate the coexistence between LTE (downlink) and WLAN (IEEE 802.11). The setup allows to measure the performance of LTE physical downlink control channels (PDCCH), influenced by IEEE 802.11n, as the dependence of raw bit error ratio (BER) on the carrier-to-interference-and-noise ratio (CINR). The proposed solution is universal because it allows to measure the coexistence of WLAN (uses different technologies) and LTE in the same or adjacent radio frequency (RF) band. The comparison of the results from simulations and measurements validates the correctness of the proposed measurement setup.
{"title":"Measurement setup for evaluation the coexistence between LTE downlink and WLAN networks","authors":"Jiří Miloš, L. Polak, M. Slanina, T. Kratochvil","doi":"10.1109/CSNDSP.2016.7573936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CSNDSP.2016.7573936","url":null,"abstract":"Measuring the performance of wireless communication systems, especially on the physical layer level, is essential for their development and usage in the real world. With the upcoming 5G technology, various wireless technologies will be used at the same place and at the same time. Consequently, measuring and evaluating their influence on each other is important. In this paper, we present a simple measurement setup to monitor and evaluate the coexistence between LTE (downlink) and WLAN (IEEE 802.11). The setup allows to measure the performance of LTE physical downlink control channels (PDCCH), influenced by IEEE 802.11n, as the dependence of raw bit error ratio (BER) on the carrier-to-interference-and-noise ratio (CINR). The proposed solution is universal because it allows to measure the coexistence of WLAN (uses different technologies) and LTE in the same or adjacent radio frequency (RF) band. The comparison of the results from simulations and measurements validates the correctness of the proposed measurement setup.","PeriodicalId":298711,"journal":{"name":"2016 10th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks and Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133605477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-20DOI: 10.1109/CSNDSP.2016.7573988
Ao Li, V. Meghdadi, J. Cances, C. Aupetit-Berthelemot
In this paper we demonstrate the potentiality of the integration of low density parity check (LDPC) codes for a full self-seeded optical architecture dedicated to Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN). After comparison, Gradient Decent Bit Flipping algorithm (GDBF) has been retained for this application. We show that improvements can be obtained by using multiple-GDBF or mixed (single + multiple or multiple + single)-GDBF. We demonstrate that it is possible to be in accordance with the requirements (BER=10-9) after LDPC decoder with an input BER of 10-4. We propose a serial FPGA architecture that permits to achieve throughputs up to 500 Mb/s using a 500MHz FPGA. We give the guidelines to increase the rate by parallelizing the architecture. We obtained, by FPGA circuit simulations, up to 2.5 Gb/s with affordable complexity.
{"title":"High throughput LDPC decoder for C-RAN optical fronthaul based on improved bit-flipping algorithm","authors":"Ao Li, V. Meghdadi, J. Cances, C. Aupetit-Berthelemot","doi":"10.1109/CSNDSP.2016.7573988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CSNDSP.2016.7573988","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we demonstrate the potentiality of the integration of low density parity check (LDPC) codes for a full self-seeded optical architecture dedicated to Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN). After comparison, Gradient Decent Bit Flipping algorithm (GDBF) has been retained for this application. We show that improvements can be obtained by using multiple-GDBF or mixed (single + multiple or multiple + single)-GDBF. We demonstrate that it is possible to be in accordance with the requirements (BER=10-9) after LDPC decoder with an input BER of 10-4. We propose a serial FPGA architecture that permits to achieve throughputs up to 500 Mb/s using a 500MHz FPGA. We give the guidelines to increase the rate by parallelizing the architecture. We obtained, by FPGA circuit simulations, up to 2.5 Gb/s with affordable complexity.","PeriodicalId":298711,"journal":{"name":"2016 10th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks and Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132860606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-20DOI: 10.1109/CSNDSP.2016.7573946
Tsung-Hsien Tsai, Kuochen Wang, Tzu-Yu Chao
The software defined network (SDN) presents a good opportunity to realize application-aware routing by offering programmability for the network. Due to limited sizes of ternary content addressable memories (TCAMs) in SDN switches, flow aggregation is needed to resolve the flow table overflow problem. We propose bit & subset weaving to relieve the problem which utilizes instruction slicing to produce an instruction-independent partition and applies the bit and subset weaving to merge flow entries in each subset of a partition. Comparing with the Fast Flow Table Aggregation (FFTA) scheme [7], the average compression ratio (the average flow aggregation time) of the proposed bit & subset weaving is better (smaller) than that of FFTA.
{"title":"Dynamic flow aggregation in SDNs for application-aware routing","authors":"Tsung-Hsien Tsai, Kuochen Wang, Tzu-Yu Chao","doi":"10.1109/CSNDSP.2016.7573946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CSNDSP.2016.7573946","url":null,"abstract":"The software defined network (SDN) presents a good opportunity to realize application-aware routing by offering programmability for the network. Due to limited sizes of ternary content addressable memories (TCAMs) in SDN switches, flow aggregation is needed to resolve the flow table overflow problem. We propose bit & subset weaving to relieve the problem which utilizes instruction slicing to produce an instruction-independent partition and applies the bit and subset weaving to merge flow entries in each subset of a partition. Comparing with the Fast Flow Table Aggregation (FFTA) scheme [7], the average compression ratio (the average flow aggregation time) of the proposed bit & subset weaving is better (smaller) than that of FFTA.","PeriodicalId":298711,"journal":{"name":"2016 10th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks and Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115884755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-20DOI: 10.1109/CSNDSP.2016.7573906
Fabián Seguel, I. Soto, D. Iturralde, P. Adasme, Belarmino Nuñez
A resource allocation optimization for indoor Optical Wireless Communications is proposed. A smart coordinator tries to maximize the channel capacity by enabling or disabling the communication of the devices subject to system constraints. Binary Cuckoo Search and Genetic Algorithms were used in order to solve the binary NP-HARD optimization problem. The results show that the total channel capacity slowly decrease while the number of users increase. On the other hand, per-user capacity decrease faster than the total capacity. The minimum QoS of the system is achieved. Binary Cuckoo Search overcomes Genetic Algorithms when dealing with the proposed optimization problem.
{"title":"Enhancement of the QoS in an OFDMA/VLC system","authors":"Fabián Seguel, I. Soto, D. Iturralde, P. Adasme, Belarmino Nuñez","doi":"10.1109/CSNDSP.2016.7573906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CSNDSP.2016.7573906","url":null,"abstract":"A resource allocation optimization for indoor Optical Wireless Communications is proposed. A smart coordinator tries to maximize the channel capacity by enabling or disabling the communication of the devices subject to system constraints. Binary Cuckoo Search and Genetic Algorithms were used in order to solve the binary NP-HARD optimization problem. The results show that the total channel capacity slowly decrease while the number of users increase. On the other hand, per-user capacity decrease faster than the total capacity. The minimum QoS of the system is achieved. Binary Cuckoo Search overcomes Genetic Algorithms when dealing with the proposed optimization problem.","PeriodicalId":298711,"journal":{"name":"2016 10th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks and Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123831289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-20DOI: 10.1109/CSNDSP.2016.7574028
A. Tahmasi, Hooman Hematkhah, Y. Kavian
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) uses tiny low-power sensor nodes to sense physical phenomena and transmit data using radio frequency (RF) technology which faces some problems in different working environments. The optical wireless communication (OWC) systems such as visible light communication (VLC) are considered as candidates to overcome the problems of existing radio frequency communications. The aim of this paper is to design and implement an optical link to connect sensor nodes and measure the link parameters through experiments.
{"title":"Visible light communication based optical link for data transmission in Wireless Sensor Networks","authors":"A. Tahmasi, Hooman Hematkhah, Y. Kavian","doi":"10.1109/CSNDSP.2016.7574028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CSNDSP.2016.7574028","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) uses tiny low-power sensor nodes to sense physical phenomena and transmit data using radio frequency (RF) technology which faces some problems in different working environments. The optical wireless communication (OWC) systems such as visible light communication (VLC) are considered as candidates to overcome the problems of existing radio frequency communications. The aim of this paper is to design and implement an optical link to connect sensor nodes and measure the link parameters through experiments.","PeriodicalId":298711,"journal":{"name":"2016 10th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks and Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP)","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121103588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-20DOI: 10.1109/CSNDSP.2016.7573904
G. Andrade, L. Lima, A. Calsavara, J. D. Oliveira, G. Michelon
Delay/Disruption-Tolerant Networks (DTNs) have been used in many different scenarios and are characterized by the high mobility of nodes, the constant disconnection, the high delays for message delivery and the frequent partitioning. The union of Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) and DTNs has created a new research field in Vehicular Delay-Tolerant Networks (VDTNs) based on DTN's stored-carry-and-forward mechanism and applying it to the vehicular context. This mechanism allows messages to be routed to their destinations without the need of end-to-end connections. Due to the widespread availability of low cost on-board communication devices, message routing in VDTN has become an important research target. That is why many protocols can be found in the literature with the goal of overcoming the challenges encountered by applications developed for this context. Nevertheless, these proposed protocols do not take into consideration important requirements such as: no dependency on Road Side Units (RSU) and mechanisms to obtain information about the location of vehicles. This paper proposes and describes a message routing algorithm based on consciousness and human behavior in order to address the main demands of the VDTN environment.
{"title":"Message routing in vehicular delay-tolerant networks based on human behavior","authors":"G. Andrade, L. Lima, A. Calsavara, J. D. Oliveira, G. Michelon","doi":"10.1109/CSNDSP.2016.7573904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CSNDSP.2016.7573904","url":null,"abstract":"Delay/Disruption-Tolerant Networks (DTNs) have been used in many different scenarios and are characterized by the high mobility of nodes, the constant disconnection, the high delays for message delivery and the frequent partitioning. The union of Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) and DTNs has created a new research field in Vehicular Delay-Tolerant Networks (VDTNs) based on DTN's stored-carry-and-forward mechanism and applying it to the vehicular context. This mechanism allows messages to be routed to their destinations without the need of end-to-end connections. Due to the widespread availability of low cost on-board communication devices, message routing in VDTN has become an important research target. That is why many protocols can be found in the literature with the goal of overcoming the challenges encountered by applications developed for this context. Nevertheless, these proposed protocols do not take into consideration important requirements such as: no dependency on Road Side Units (RSU) and mechanisms to obtain information about the location of vehicles. This paper proposes and describes a message routing algorithm based on consciousness and human behavior in order to address the main demands of the VDTN environment.","PeriodicalId":298711,"journal":{"name":"2016 10th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks and Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122533839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-20DOI: 10.1109/CSNDSP.2016.7574022
Ammar Hadi, Khaled Maaiuf Rabie, E. Alsusa
The performance of power line communication (PLC) systems suffer mainly from non-Gaussian noise, commonly referred to as impulsive noise. To reduce the effect of this noise, various channel coding techniques have been studied in the literature over PLC channels. Unlike existing works, in this paper we investigate the performance and robustness of polar codes over impulsive noise PLC channels for different codeword lengths and noise scenarios in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. In particular, insightful comparisons between hard decision (HD) decoding and soft decision (SD) decoding for the proposed system are made. Furthermore, we investigate the blanking and clipping techniques with polar codes for impulsive noise mitigation. In addition, for the sake of comparison, results for LDPC coding are also presented. The results show that polar codes can considerably improve the performance of PLC systems. It will also be demonstrated that SD decoding offers better performance than HD decoding and that as the codeword length is increased, the performance can be further improved.
{"title":"Polar codes based OFDM-PLC systems in the presence of middleton class-A noise","authors":"Ammar Hadi, Khaled Maaiuf Rabie, E. Alsusa","doi":"10.1109/CSNDSP.2016.7574022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CSNDSP.2016.7574022","url":null,"abstract":"The performance of power line communication (PLC) systems suffer mainly from non-Gaussian noise, commonly referred to as impulsive noise. To reduce the effect of this noise, various channel coding techniques have been studied in the literature over PLC channels. Unlike existing works, in this paper we investigate the performance and robustness of polar codes over impulsive noise PLC channels for different codeword lengths and noise scenarios in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. In particular, insightful comparisons between hard decision (HD) decoding and soft decision (SD) decoding for the proposed system are made. Furthermore, we investigate the blanking and clipping techniques with polar codes for impulsive noise mitigation. In addition, for the sake of comparison, results for LDPC coding are also presented. The results show that polar codes can considerably improve the performance of PLC systems. It will also be demonstrated that SD decoding offers better performance than HD decoding and that as the codeword length is increased, the performance can be further improved.","PeriodicalId":298711,"journal":{"name":"2016 10th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks and Digital Signal Processing (CSNDSP)","volume":"147 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122581590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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