As multi-source, component based platforms are becoming widespread both for constrained devices and cloud computing, the need for automatic logging framework is increasing. Indeed, components from untrusted and possibly competing vendors are being deployed to the same runtime environments. They are also being integrated, with some components from a vendor being exposed as a service to another one. This paper presents our investigations on an automated log-based architecture called LogOS, focused on service interactions monitoring. We developed it on top of Java / OSGi to enable identification between bundle providers in cases of failures. We motivate the need for an automatic logging framework in service-oriented architectures, and discuss the requirements of such frameworks design. We present our implementation on OSGi. Finally, we position our approach and give some perspectives.
{"title":"LogOS: An Automatic Logging Framework for Service-Oriented Architectures","authors":"S. Frénot, Julien Ponge","doi":"10.1109/SEAA.2012.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SEAA.2012.37","url":null,"abstract":"As multi-source, component based platforms are becoming widespread both for constrained devices and cloud computing, the need for automatic logging framework is increasing. Indeed, components from untrusted and possibly competing vendors are being deployed to the same runtime environments. They are also being integrated, with some components from a vendor being exposed as a service to another one. This paper presents our investigations on an automated log-based architecture called LogOS, focused on service interactions monitoring. We developed it on top of Java / OSGi to enable identification between bundle providers in cases of failures. We motivate the need for an automatic logging framework in service-oriented architectures, and discuss the requirements of such frameworks design. We present our implementation on OSGi. Finally, we position our approach and give some perspectives.","PeriodicalId":298734,"journal":{"name":"2012 38th Euromicro Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130295477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents an overview of the Organic Robot Control Architecture (ORCA) and its previous applications. The architecture supports the decentralized operation and organization of autonomous subsystems and the avoidance of states that are considered as unhealthy. Additionally the paper discusses the application of ORCA in the context of cyber-physical systems (CPS), as CPS share common characteristics with organically controlled system, such as self-organization, self-configuration, self-optimization and other ones. This is underlined by an exemplary CPS layout that follows the ORCA design principles.
{"title":"Applying the Organic Robot Control Architecture ORCA to Cyber-Physical Systems","authors":"Raphael Maas, E. Maehle, K. Großpietsch","doi":"10.1109/SEAA.2012.74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SEAA.2012.74","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an overview of the Organic Robot Control Architecture (ORCA) and its previous applications. The architecture supports the decentralized operation and organization of autonomous subsystems and the avoidance of states that are considered as unhealthy. Additionally the paper discusses the application of ORCA in the context of cyber-physical systems (CPS), as CPS share common characteristics with organically controlled system, such as self-organization, self-configuration, self-optimization and other ones. This is underlined by an exemplary CPS layout that follows the ORCA design principles.","PeriodicalId":298734,"journal":{"name":"2012 38th Euromicro Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122945724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Contract-based design is an emerging paradigm for the design of complex systems, where each component is associated with a contract, i.e., a clear description of the expected behaviour. Contracts specify the input-output behaviour of a component by defining what the component guarantees, provided that the its environment obeys some given assumptions. The ultimate goal of contract-based design is to allow for compositional reasoning, stepwise refinement, and a principled reuse of components that are already pre-designed, or designed independently. In this paper, we present a novel, fully formal contract framework. The decomposition of the system architecture is complemented with the corresponding decomposition of component contracts. The framework exploits such decomposition to automatically generate a set of proof obligations, which, once verified, allow concluding the correctness of the top-level system properties. The framework relies on an expressive property specification language, conceived for the formalization of embedded system requirements. The proof system reduces the correctness of contracts refinement to entailment of temporal logic formulas, and is supported by a verification engine based on automated SMT techniques.
{"title":"A Property-Based Proof System for Contract-Based Design","authors":"A. Cimatti, Stefano Tonetta","doi":"10.1109/SEAA.2012.68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SEAA.2012.68","url":null,"abstract":"Contract-based design is an emerging paradigm for the design of complex systems, where each component is associated with a contract, i.e., a clear description of the expected behaviour. Contracts specify the input-output behaviour of a component by defining what the component guarantees, provided that the its environment obeys some given assumptions. The ultimate goal of contract-based design is to allow for compositional reasoning, stepwise refinement, and a principled reuse of components that are already pre-designed, or designed independently. In this paper, we present a novel, fully formal contract framework. The decomposition of the system architecture is complemented with the corresponding decomposition of component contracts. The framework exploits such decomposition to automatically generate a set of proof obligations, which, once verified, allow concluding the correctness of the top-level system properties. The framework relies on an expressive property specification language, conceived for the formalization of embedded system requirements. The proof system reduces the correctness of contracts refinement to entailment of temporal logic formulas, and is supported by a verification engine based on automated SMT techniques.","PeriodicalId":298734,"journal":{"name":"2012 38th Euromicro Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124835053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
George Kakarontzas, I. Stamelos, Stefanos Skalistis, A. Naskos
Open Source Software (OSS) represents an extremely valuable resource that is reused systematically almost in every software project. The reuse of OSS components however is restricted to ready-made components and developers who want to reuse code that exists in OSS projects but is not offered as a black-box component often resort to copying existing code and adapting it in their projects. OPEN-SME is a European research project which aims at providing ready-to-use OSS components that originate from existing OSS projects but are not necessarily provided as such. In this work we describe the Component Adaptation Environment (COPE) tool that was developed in the context of the OPEN-SME project and enables software experts, called reuse engineers, to extract components from OSS projects, test them and provide test documentation, validate them with Model-Based Testing techniques, package them and upload them in a component repository for reuse. The whole approach aims at creating an ever increasing repository of trustworthy reusable software components from different application domains.
{"title":"Extracting Components from Open Source: The Component Adaptation Environment (COPE) Approach","authors":"George Kakarontzas, I. Stamelos, Stefanos Skalistis, A. Naskos","doi":"10.1109/SEAA.2012.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SEAA.2012.39","url":null,"abstract":"Open Source Software (OSS) represents an extremely valuable resource that is reused systematically almost in every software project. The reuse of OSS components however is restricted to ready-made components and developers who want to reuse code that exists in OSS projects but is not offered as a black-box component often resort to copying existing code and adapting it in their projects. OPEN-SME is a European research project which aims at providing ready-to-use OSS components that originate from existing OSS projects but are not necessarily provided as such. In this work we describe the Component Adaptation Environment (COPE) tool that was developed in the context of the OPEN-SME project and enables software experts, called reuse engineers, to extract components from OSS projects, test them and provide test documentation, validate them with Model-Based Testing techniques, package them and upload them in a component repository for reuse. The whole approach aims at creating an ever increasing repository of trustworthy reusable software components from different application domains.","PeriodicalId":298734,"journal":{"name":"2012 38th Euromicro Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121897810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Awareness and shared knowledge are important ingredients of successful coordination in software engineering projects, and especially when team members are distributed. Although various coordination mechanisms and knowledge sharing recommendations for cross-site collaboration have been proposed, spreading awareness among distributed team members in a global software project has proven to be challenging in practice. In this paper we discuss our findings from conducting three focus groups on knowledge management in global software collaborations in two international organizations. We discuss various awareness needs in globally distributed collaborations that were not addressed by the organizations, and conclude that best practices and tools proposed in related research are not widely used. On the basis of our empirical findings we suggest future research directions and share recommendations for practical improvements.
{"title":"Fostering Cross-site Coordination through Awareness: An Investigation of State-of-the-Practice through a Focus Group Study","authors":"Darja Šmite, Torgeir Dingsøyr","doi":"10.1109/SEAA.2012.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SEAA.2012.24","url":null,"abstract":"Awareness and shared knowledge are important ingredients of successful coordination in software engineering projects, and especially when team members are distributed. Although various coordination mechanisms and knowledge sharing recommendations for cross-site collaboration have been proposed, spreading awareness among distributed team members in a global software project has proven to be challenging in practice. In this paper we discuss our findings from conducting three focus groups on knowledge management in global software collaborations in two international organizations. We discuss various awareness needs in globally distributed collaborations that were not addressed by the organizations, and conclude that best practices and tools proposed in related research are not widely used. On the basis of our empirical findings we suggest future research directions and share recommendations for practical improvements.","PeriodicalId":298734,"journal":{"name":"2012 38th Euromicro Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications","volume":"35 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120872091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In software engineering project management, one of the critical issues is the selection of appropriate software life cycle model (SLCM), which may affect the success of the project as all stages of software development process is established according to the model selected. The aim of this study is to propose a fuzzy multi criteria decision making (MCDM) approach to SLCM selection, since fuzzy sets are inevitable in representing uncertainty, vagueness and human subjectivity. This study provides a view of existing software life cycle models, important factors to be considered and a new approach for SLCM selection. An application is carried out using the proposed method and sensitivity analysis is presented.
{"title":"A Fuzzy Multi Criteria Decision Making Approach to Software Life Cycle Model Selection","authors":"Mumin Hicdurmaz","doi":"10.1109/SEAA.2012.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SEAA.2012.71","url":null,"abstract":"In software engineering project management, one of the critical issues is the selection of appropriate software life cycle model (SLCM), which may affect the success of the project as all stages of software development process is established according to the model selected. The aim of this study is to propose a fuzzy multi criteria decision making (MCDM) approach to SLCM selection, since fuzzy sets are inevitable in representing uncertainty, vagueness and human subjectivity. This study provides a view of existing software life cycle models, important factors to be considered and a new approach for SLCM selection. An application is carried out using the proposed method and sensitivity analysis is presented.","PeriodicalId":298734,"journal":{"name":"2012 38th Euromicro Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123135768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study explores the personality traits of software development practitioners by using a classification schema based on the personality traits extended on the Myers-Briggs type indicator (MBTI). To extract the information necessary for understanding and classification of software development personnel, we developed a card game playable with either single or multiple participants. The game consists of seventy cards, which have a keyword and a picture on one side and a hypothetical situation typically encountered in software development landscapes with two different selectable options on the other side. The game master (GM) reads a situation by showing the pictures to participants and elicits the most suitable answer in between two selections. Ultimately, the outcome of the game reveals the personality traits of individuals on a compatible scale with the MBTI. To evaluate our game-based personality identification method, we conduct a case study with sixteen individuals at a university environment in seven group sessions. In light of the experience gained, secondly we refine the questions and test the game on sixty software development personnel selected from a set of team-based pairings at a middle size software company. Our preliminary results indicate that there are more individuals in software teams, who may perceive to be extroverted not only in a classroom environment but also in an industrial setting. Moreover, the initial results suggest that our method can be a viable to the classical paper based MBTI tests particularly for managing the workforce in software development projects.
{"title":"Towards the Understanding and Classification of the Personality Traits of Software Development Practitioners: Situational Context Cards Approach","authors":"Murat Yilmaz, Rory V. O'Connor","doi":"10.1109/SEAA.2012.62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SEAA.2012.62","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the personality traits of software development practitioners by using a classification schema based on the personality traits extended on the Myers-Briggs type indicator (MBTI). To extract the information necessary for understanding and classification of software development personnel, we developed a card game playable with either single or multiple participants. The game consists of seventy cards, which have a keyword and a picture on one side and a hypothetical situation typically encountered in software development landscapes with two different selectable options on the other side. The game master (GM) reads a situation by showing the pictures to participants and elicits the most suitable answer in between two selections. Ultimately, the outcome of the game reveals the personality traits of individuals on a compatible scale with the MBTI. To evaluate our game-based personality identification method, we conduct a case study with sixteen individuals at a university environment in seven group sessions. In light of the experience gained, secondly we refine the questions and test the game on sixty software development personnel selected from a set of team-based pairings at a middle size software company. Our preliminary results indicate that there are more individuals in software teams, who may perceive to be extroverted not only in a classroom environment but also in an industrial setting. Moreover, the initial results suggest that our method can be a viable to the classical paper based MBTI tests particularly for managing the workforce in software development projects.","PeriodicalId":298734,"journal":{"name":"2012 38th Euromicro Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120909661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Component-based software engineering is supported by performance prediction approaches on the design level ensuring desired properties of systems throughout their entire lifecycle. The achievable prediction quality is a direct result of the quality of the used performance models, which is usually assured by validation. Existing approaches often rely solely on the expertise of performance engineers to determine if sufficient testing has occurred. There is a lack of quantitative criteria capturing which aspects of a model have been assessed and covered successfully. In this paper, we define path coverage criteria for Palladio performance models and show how the required testing effort can be estimated for arbitrary Palladio models. We demonstrate the applicability of effort estimation for each coverage criterion, provide estimates for a complex model from the Common Component Modelling Example, and show how these estimates can guide criteria selection.
{"title":"Path Coverage Criteria for Palladio Performance Models","authors":"Henning Groenda","doi":"10.1109/SEAA.2012.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SEAA.2012.17","url":null,"abstract":"Component-based software engineering is supported by performance prediction approaches on the design level ensuring desired properties of systems throughout their entire lifecycle. The achievable prediction quality is a direct result of the quality of the used performance models, which is usually assured by validation. Existing approaches often rely solely on the expertise of performance engineers to determine if sufficient testing has occurred. There is a lack of quantitative criteria capturing which aspects of a model have been assessed and covered successfully. In this paper, we define path coverage criteria for Palladio performance models and show how the required testing effort can be estimated for arbitrary Palladio models. We demonstrate the applicability of effort estimation for each coverage criterion, provide estimates for a complex model from the Common Component Modelling Example, and show how these estimates can guide criteria selection.","PeriodicalId":298734,"journal":{"name":"2012 38th Euromicro Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130810502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Ashraf, Benjamin Byholm, J. Lehtinen, Ivan Porres
This paper presents feedback control algorithms to autonomously deploy and scale multiple web applications on a given Infrastructure as a Service cloud. The proposed algorithms provide automatic deployment and undeployment of applications and proportional-derivative scaling of the application server tier. The algorithms use utilization metrics as input and do not require a performance model of the application or the infrastructure dynamics. Moreover, our work supports deployment and scaling of multiple simultaneous applications per virtual machine (VM). This allows us to share VM resources among deployed applications, reducing the number of required VMs. The approach is demonstrated in a prototype implementation that has been deployed in the Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud.
{"title":"Feedback Control Algorithms to Deploy and Scale Multiple Web Applications per Virtual Machine","authors":"A. Ashraf, Benjamin Byholm, J. Lehtinen, Ivan Porres","doi":"10.1109/SEAA.2012.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SEAA.2012.13","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents feedback control algorithms to autonomously deploy and scale multiple web applications on a given Infrastructure as a Service cloud. The proposed algorithms provide automatic deployment and undeployment of applications and proportional-derivative scaling of the application server tier. The algorithms use utilization metrics as input and do not require a performance model of the application or the infrastructure dynamics. Moreover, our work supports deployment and scaling of multiple simultaneous applications per virtual machine (VM). This allows us to share VM resources among deployed applications, reducing the number of required VMs. The approach is demonstrated in a prototype implementation that has been deployed in the Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud.","PeriodicalId":298734,"journal":{"name":"2012 38th Euromicro Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124794382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An increasing amount of time is being spent at organizational meetings. One common type of meeting in software projects is the daily team meeting, which is the most important forum for coordinating and planning daily work. To better understand how software teams make decisions, communicate, and coordinate their work, we must uncover the micro-level interaction processes among the team members at these meetings. We analyzed transcriptions of eight daily meetings from two software development teams. The agile literature states that the daily meeting should focus on answering questions such as "What have I done? What will be done? What obstacles are in my way?" However, on average, only 24% of each of the meetings that we studied focused on this task. We found that 35% of the meeting was spent on elaborating problem issues and discussing possible solutions. Very little time was used for coordinating tasks. Our results indicate that many project decisions are made in daily team meetings and that this quick decision making requires team members to be experts. These experts need to have a shared understanding of who is responsible for what and of the information and requirements needed to solve the tasks.
{"title":"Investigating Daily Team Meetings in Agile Software Projects","authors":"V. Stray, N. B. Moe, A. Aurum","doi":"10.1109/SEAA.2012.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SEAA.2012.16","url":null,"abstract":"An increasing amount of time is being spent at organizational meetings. One common type of meeting in software projects is the daily team meeting, which is the most important forum for coordinating and planning daily work. To better understand how software teams make decisions, communicate, and coordinate their work, we must uncover the micro-level interaction processes among the team members at these meetings. We analyzed transcriptions of eight daily meetings from two software development teams. The agile literature states that the daily meeting should focus on answering questions such as \"What have I done? What will be done? What obstacles are in my way?\" However, on average, only 24% of each of the meetings that we studied focused on this task. We found that 35% of the meeting was spent on elaborating problem issues and discussing possible solutions. Very little time was used for coordinating tasks. Our results indicate that many project decisions are made in daily team meetings and that this quick decision making requires team members to be experts. These experts need to have a shared understanding of who is responsible for what and of the information and requirements needed to solve the tasks.","PeriodicalId":298734,"journal":{"name":"2012 38th Euromicro Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129752596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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