Background: Elastography has emerged as a boon in aiding diagnosis of various neoplastic conditions. Strain elastography helps in differentiating hard lesions from the normal tissue on a real-time basis and targeting biopsies of the same described by other authors in various conditions. We assess a series of cases for the detection of prostate cancer using strain elastography of prostate. Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of transrectal strain elastography in diagnosis of prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: This is an observational cross-sectional, prospective study. Transrectal strain elastography was performed using a C-10 3 v endocavity probe with elastography software and was compared against biopsy results on 25 adult male patients with raised prostate-specific antigen levels. Statistical significance of qualitative data across two study groups was tested using the Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. The entire data were analyzed using SPSS version 16.0, Inc., Chicago, software for Microsoft Windows. Results: Ten (40%) out of 25 patients demonstrated carcinoma prostate, 14 patients had benign prostatic hyperplasia, and 1 had prostatic abscess. Transrectal real-time elastography scores in patients with carcinoma patient were higher than those of benign conditions, i.e., 3 and 4 scores with accuracy of 92%, sensitivity of 85.7%, and specificity of 94.4%. Conclusions: The overall accuracy of strain elastography was 92%, which enhanced the diagnostic yield in prostate carcinoma. Real-time strain elastography is a highly sensitive and specific technique for diagnosing prostatic carcinoma and guiding the prostate biopsy.
{"title":"Accuracy of transrectal strain elastography in detection of prostate cancer","authors":"Mangal S Mahajan, A. Choudhary, D. John, P. Joshi","doi":"10.4103/WAJR.WAJR_13_18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/WAJR.WAJR_13_18","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Elastography has emerged as a boon in aiding diagnosis of various neoplastic conditions. Strain elastography helps in differentiating hard lesions from the normal tissue on a real-time basis and targeting biopsies of the same described by other authors in various conditions. We assess a series of cases for the detection of prostate cancer using strain elastography of prostate. Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of transrectal strain elastography in diagnosis of prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: This is an observational cross-sectional, prospective study. Transrectal strain elastography was performed using a C-10 3 v endocavity probe with elastography software and was compared against biopsy results on 25 adult male patients with raised prostate-specific antigen levels. Statistical significance of qualitative data across two study groups was tested using the Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. The entire data were analyzed using SPSS version 16.0, Inc., Chicago, software for Microsoft Windows. Results: Ten (40%) out of 25 patients demonstrated carcinoma prostate, 14 patients had benign prostatic hyperplasia, and 1 had prostatic abscess. Transrectal real-time elastography scores in patients with carcinoma patient were higher than those of benign conditions, i.e., 3 and 4 scores with accuracy of 92%, sensitivity of 85.7%, and specificity of 94.4%. Conclusions: The overall accuracy of strain elastography was 92%, which enhanced the diagnostic yield in prostate carcinoma. Real-time strain elastography is a highly sensitive and specific technique for diagnosing prostatic carcinoma and guiding the prostate biopsy.","PeriodicalId":29875,"journal":{"name":"West African Journal of Radiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49183352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Ozoh, Olakunle A Towobola, G. Ogunbanjo, E. Kangawaza
Background/Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the pattern of computed tomographic (CT) findings in HIV-infected patients referred for CT brain at Doctor George Mukhari Academic Hospital (DGMAH) and to correlate the CD4 counts with CT brain findings of the patients on antiretroviral (ARV) drugs, and those that are ARV naïve. Methods: A descriptive, retrospective review of CT brains obtained from 128 slices Philips and GE, CT scanners, medical records, and laboratory results of 364 adult HIV-infected patients over a 6-month period (October 1, 2016–March 31, 2017) was conducted at Radiology Department of DGMAH. Statistical analyses were made using a Statistical Program for Social Sciences software (SPSS version 19.0). Results: From the 364 CT brain findings of HIV-infected patients reviewed, 46.2% were male and 53.8% were female. The findings were as follows: brain atrophy (168; 46.2%); infarcts (55; 15.1%); hydrocephalus (24; 6.6%); white matter disease (18; 4.9%); mass lesions (13; 3.6%); rim enhancing lesions (12; 3.3%); intracranial bleed (11; 3.0%); tuberculous granuloma (32; 8.8%); tuberculous meningitis (15; 4.1%); and cryptococcal meningitis (2; 0.5%). Opportunistic infections and mass lesions still predominate at CD4 count <200 cells/mm3 although the reduction in the prevalence of opportunistic infections was observed. Brain infarct was seen at CD4 count <200 cells/mm3, and brain atrophy was seen at all CD4 count levels (median= 84 cells/mm3). Conclusion: This study was conducted in the post-highly active ARV therapy era, and the most common CT scan brain finding was brain atrophy, followed by brain infarct.
{"title":"Computed tomographic findings of the brain in adult HIV-infected patients at Doctor George Mukhari Academic Hospital, Ga-Rankuwa, Pretoria, South Africa","authors":"J. Ozoh, Olakunle A Towobola, G. Ogunbanjo, E. Kangawaza","doi":"10.4103/WAJR.WAJR_48_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/WAJR.WAJR_48_17","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the pattern of computed tomographic (CT) findings in HIV-infected patients referred for CT brain at Doctor George Mukhari Academic Hospital (DGMAH) and to correlate the CD4 counts with CT brain findings of the patients on antiretroviral (ARV) drugs, and those that are ARV naïve. Methods: A descriptive, retrospective review of CT brains obtained from 128 slices Philips and GE, CT scanners, medical records, and laboratory results of 364 adult HIV-infected patients over a 6-month period (October 1, 2016–March 31, 2017) was conducted at Radiology Department of DGMAH. Statistical analyses were made using a Statistical Program for Social Sciences software (SPSS version 19.0). Results: From the 364 CT brain findings of HIV-infected patients reviewed, 46.2% were male and 53.8% were female. The findings were as follows: brain atrophy (168; 46.2%); infarcts (55; 15.1%); hydrocephalus (24; 6.6%); white matter disease (18; 4.9%); mass lesions (13; 3.6%); rim enhancing lesions (12; 3.3%); intracranial bleed (11; 3.0%); tuberculous granuloma (32; 8.8%); tuberculous meningitis (15; 4.1%); and cryptococcal meningitis (2; 0.5%). Opportunistic infections and mass lesions still predominate at CD4 count <200 cells/mm3 although the reduction in the prevalence of opportunistic infections was observed. Brain infarct was seen at CD4 count <200 cells/mm3, and brain atrophy was seen at all CD4 count levels (median= 84 cells/mm3). Conclusion: This study was conducted in the post-highly active ARV therapy era, and the most common CT scan brain finding was brain atrophy, followed by brain infarct.","PeriodicalId":29875,"journal":{"name":"West African Journal of Radiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42282933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Congenital radioulnar synostosis is a skeletal abnormality present at birth which may appear clinically as a mild abnormality in the early years. The diagnosis is usually delayed until functional abnormality is noticed. This is a typical case of congenital bilateral proximal radioulnar synostosis diagnosed at about 2 years despite mild upper limb abnormality noticed at birth. The rarity of this condition prompted the report of this case.
{"title":"A case report of congenital bilateral proximal radioulnar synostosis in a 22-month-old child","authors":"O. Alagbe, O. Oyekale, T. O. Adeniyi","doi":"10.4103/WAJR.WAJR_57_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/WAJR.WAJR_57_17","url":null,"abstract":"Congenital radioulnar synostosis is a skeletal abnormality present at birth which may appear clinically as a mild abnormality in the early years. The diagnosis is usually delayed until functional abnormality is noticed. This is a typical case of congenital bilateral proximal radioulnar synostosis diagnosed at about 2 years despite mild upper limb abnormality noticed at birth. The rarity of this condition prompted the report of this case.","PeriodicalId":29875,"journal":{"name":"West African Journal of Radiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44849599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Erectile dysfunction is consistent inability to achieve and maintain erection of sufficient rigidity for satisfactory sexual performance. It is well known that the hemodynamic function of the penis correlates well with the peak systolic velocity (PSV) of the cavernosal artery (CA) which is the most reliable, sensitive, and objective parameter used in evaluating the state of the erectile tissues of the penis. This study was aimed at establishing the normal CA PSV in this environment, as it may differ from the values among Americans, Caucasians, and Asians. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted between July 2015 and January 2017, at the Department of Radiology, Federal Medical Centre, Abuja. Twenty-nine consecutive patients referred by the urologist to the radiology department of the aforementioned institution for penile ultrasound were evaluated using triplex Doppler sonography with high-frequency linear array transducer. The penile scan was done before and after intracavernosal injection of 10–20 μg prostaglandin E1. The waveforms of CAs were obtained alternately using the angle of inclination ≤60°, and the PSV of the CA was documented at 5-min interval, from 5 to 40 min. Results: PSV of CA varied between 26 and 104.4 cm/s (mean: 46.72 ± 16.21) among the entire research participants. No significant discrepancy was noted between PSV of the right and left cavernosal arteries. The PSV had a strong positive relationship with age (P = 0.002), with the highest values found among those ≤30 years. Conclusion: The mean PSV of cavernosal arteries established in this study is not significantly different from the values obtained among Americans, Caucasians, and Asians, indicating that racial difference has no effect on this important sonographic variable.
{"title":"Cavernosal artery peak systolic velocity among normal adults in Abuja, Nigeria: A Baseline parameter for sonographic diagnosis of vasculogenic erectile dysfunction","authors":"J. Aiyekomogbon, O. Aisuodionoe-Shadrach","doi":"10.4103/WAJR.WAJR_50_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/WAJR.WAJR_50_17","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Erectile dysfunction is consistent inability to achieve and maintain erection of sufficient rigidity for satisfactory sexual performance. It is well known that the hemodynamic function of the penis correlates well with the peak systolic velocity (PSV) of the cavernosal artery (CA) which is the most reliable, sensitive, and objective parameter used in evaluating the state of the erectile tissues of the penis. This study was aimed at establishing the normal CA PSV in this environment, as it may differ from the values among Americans, Caucasians, and Asians. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted between July 2015 and January 2017, at the Department of Radiology, Federal Medical Centre, Abuja. Twenty-nine consecutive patients referred by the urologist to the radiology department of the aforementioned institution for penile ultrasound were evaluated using triplex Doppler sonography with high-frequency linear array transducer. The penile scan was done before and after intracavernosal injection of 10–20 μg prostaglandin E1. The waveforms of CAs were obtained alternately using the angle of inclination ≤60°, and the PSV of the CA was documented at 5-min interval, from 5 to 40 min. Results: PSV of CA varied between 26 and 104.4 cm/s (mean: 46.72 ± 16.21) among the entire research participants. No significant discrepancy was noted between PSV of the right and left cavernosal arteries. The PSV had a strong positive relationship with age (P = 0.002), with the highest values found among those ≤30 years. Conclusion: The mean PSV of cavernosal arteries established in this study is not significantly different from the values obtained among Americans, Caucasians, and Asians, indicating that racial difference has no effect on this important sonographic variable.","PeriodicalId":29875,"journal":{"name":"West African Journal of Radiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47923355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a serious global health problem with grave socioeconomic impact and debilitating complications especially diabetic nephropathy (DN). This study evaluated the usefulness of renal parenchymal and vascular sonography among three groups-diabetics with nephropathy, diabetes with no evidence of nephropathy and nondiabetics. Materials and Methods: The renal volume, parenchymal changes, and intrarenal vascular indices of three groups of participants (Group A - Diabetic with nephropathy; Group B - diabetic without nephropathy; and Group C - nondiabetic controls) were assessed using B-mode and Duplex ultrasonography. Results: The difference in the means of resistance index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) in the diabetic patients (Group A and Group B) was significantly higher compared to the controls (RI mean ± standard deviation [SD]: Group A diabetic patients, 0.71 ± 0.11 cm3; Group B diabetics, 0.68 ± 0.08 cm3; controls, 0.62 ± 0.07 cm3; P < 0.0001); (PI ± SD: Group A diabetic patients, 1.22 ± 0.25 cm3; Group B diabetics, 1.16 ± 0.29 cm3; controls, 1.03 ± 0.23 cm3; P = 0.003). The mean renal volume among DM patients (Group A and Group B) were higher than in nondiabetic controls, (mean renal volume ± SD: Group A DM patients with nephropathy, 13.99 ± 3.95 cm3, the diabetic group without DM patients 13.39 ± 4.59 cm3, controls 12.05 ± 3.39 cm3). Conclusion: This study showed that renal RI and PI were significantly increased in patients with diabetes than in healthy controls with a trend of increase from controls to DM without nephropathy to DM with nephropathy. Duplex ultrasonography is useful for the clinical evaluation of diabetes and DN. 13.95 + 7.02% VS 8.20 + 4.19% P = 0.000
{"title":"Renal duplex ultrasonography among adult native Nigerian diabetics and diabetic nephropathy population","authors":"S. S. Assenyi, A. Adekanmi, A. Esan","doi":"10.4103/WAJR.WAJR_8_18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/WAJR.WAJR_8_18","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a serious global health problem with grave socioeconomic impact and debilitating complications especially diabetic nephropathy (DN). This study evaluated the usefulness of renal parenchymal and vascular sonography among three groups-diabetics with nephropathy, diabetes with no evidence of nephropathy and nondiabetics. Materials and Methods: The renal volume, parenchymal changes, and intrarenal vascular indices of three groups of participants (Group A - Diabetic with nephropathy; Group B - diabetic without nephropathy; and Group C - nondiabetic controls) were assessed using B-mode and Duplex ultrasonography. Results: The difference in the means of resistance index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) in the diabetic patients (Group A and Group B) was significantly higher compared to the controls (RI mean ± standard deviation [SD]: Group A diabetic patients, 0.71 ± 0.11 cm3; Group B diabetics, 0.68 ± 0.08 cm3; controls, 0.62 ± 0.07 cm3; P < 0.0001); (PI ± SD: Group A diabetic patients, 1.22 ± 0.25 cm3; Group B diabetics, 1.16 ± 0.29 cm3; controls, 1.03 ± 0.23 cm3; P = 0.003). The mean renal volume among DM patients (Group A and Group B) were higher than in nondiabetic controls, (mean renal volume ± SD: Group A DM patients with nephropathy, 13.99 ± 3.95 cm3, the diabetic group without DM patients 13.39 ± 4.59 cm3, controls 12.05 ± 3.39 cm3). Conclusion: This study showed that renal RI and PI were significantly increased in patients with diabetes than in healthy controls with a trend of increase from controls to DM without nephropathy to DM with nephropathy. Duplex ultrasonography is useful for the clinical evaluation of diabetes and DN. 13.95 + 7.02% VS 8.20 + 4.19% P = 0.000","PeriodicalId":29875,"journal":{"name":"West African Journal of Radiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46365994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Olatunji, Richard Efidi, E. Uko, Ayotunde Ogunseyinde
Background: Thickness and texture of the squamous temporal bones (STBs) are the two main patient factors that determine the outcome of transtemporal transcranial Doppler ultrasound. The aim of this study was to determine the thickness and texture of the STB as well as their association with biodemographic characteristics in a tertiary hospital in Southwest Nigeria. Material and Methods: Cranial computed tomography (CT) images of 142 adults acquired on a 64-slice multi-detector Toshiba Aquilion scanner were retrospectively evaluated for the thickness and texture of the bilateral STB at the expected location of the temporal acoustic window on a ClearCanvas® Workstation. Associations of thickness and texture of the STB with biodemographic data were determined by statistical analysis at P < 0.05. Results: There were 79 male (55.6%) participants and the overall mean age was 51 ± 17.3 years (49 ± 16.1 years in males and 53.4 ± 18.5 years in females). Mean thickness of the 284 STB was 3.21 ± 1.11 mm (range 1.2–8.7 mm), which was thicker on the left (3.3 ± 1.2 mm) than the right (3.1 ± 1.0 mm, P = 0.001). Thickness of STB showed significant increase (P < 0.05) with age on the right (β = 0.23) and left (β = 0.31). Controlling for age, males tend to have thicker STB than females. Thicknesses of STB in 61.3% were favorable for transcranial insonation bilaterally. Homogenous texture was found in 64.8% of STB while the rest were heterogeneous. A combination of both thickness and texture appear favorable for transcranial insonation in 76.8% of STB evaluated. Conclusion: Thickness of the squamous temporal bone varied significantly with age but not with gender, and the temporal squama were largely of a homogeneous texture. Overall, the important patient factors appear favorable for transtemporal cranial ultrasound in the majority of our participants.
{"title":"Thickness and texture of the squamous temporal bone in a Nigerian tertiary hospital","authors":"R. Olatunji, Richard Efidi, E. Uko, Ayotunde Ogunseyinde","doi":"10.4103/WAJR.WAJR_42_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/WAJR.WAJR_42_17","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Thickness and texture of the squamous temporal bones (STBs) are the two main patient factors that determine the outcome of transtemporal transcranial Doppler ultrasound. The aim of this study was to determine the thickness and texture of the STB as well as their association with biodemographic characteristics in a tertiary hospital in Southwest Nigeria. Material and Methods: Cranial computed tomography (CT) images of 142 adults acquired on a 64-slice multi-detector Toshiba Aquilion scanner were retrospectively evaluated for the thickness and texture of the bilateral STB at the expected location of the temporal acoustic window on a ClearCanvas® Workstation. Associations of thickness and texture of the STB with biodemographic data were determined by statistical analysis at P < 0.05. Results: There were 79 male (55.6%) participants and the overall mean age was 51 ± 17.3 years (49 ± 16.1 years in males and 53.4 ± 18.5 years in females). Mean thickness of the 284 STB was 3.21 ± 1.11 mm (range 1.2–8.7 mm), which was thicker on the left (3.3 ± 1.2 mm) than the right (3.1 ± 1.0 mm, P = 0.001). Thickness of STB showed significant increase (P < 0.05) with age on the right (β = 0.23) and left (β = 0.31). Controlling for age, males tend to have thicker STB than females. Thicknesses of STB in 61.3% were favorable for transcranial insonation bilaterally. Homogenous texture was found in 64.8% of STB while the rest were heterogeneous. A combination of both thickness and texture appear favorable for transcranial insonation in 76.8% of STB evaluated. Conclusion: Thickness of the squamous temporal bone varied significantly with age but not with gender, and the temporal squama were largely of a homogeneous texture. Overall, the important patient factors appear favorable for transtemporal cranial ultrasound in the majority of our participants.","PeriodicalId":29875,"journal":{"name":"West African Journal of Radiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49152552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The “spaghetti sign” is recognized as a radiological sign of upper urinary tract hemorrhage. The sign was first described in the urinary bladder during intravenous urography, but it has subsequently been described on retrograde pyelography and in the urographic phase of contrast CT. We report the observation of the “spaghetti sign” in the bladder on ultrasonography and on Magnetic Resonance Urography (MRU), modalities in which the sign has not been previously described. We suggest that the observations may provide a useful guide when ultrasonography and/or MRU are employed in the search for the source of massive hematuria. We also report two additional cases of hematuria in whom the “spaghetti sign” is demonstrated in the urographic phase of contrast CT.
{"title":"Further observations on the “spaghetti sign” in upper urinary tract hemorrhage","authors":"F. Komolafe, Sabir Hussain, S. Hussain","doi":"10.4103/wajr.wajr_49_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/wajr.wajr_49_17","url":null,"abstract":"The “spaghetti sign” is recognized as a radiological sign of upper urinary tract hemorrhage. The sign was first described in the urinary bladder during intravenous urography, but it has subsequently been described on retrograde pyelography and in the urographic phase of contrast CT. We report the observation of the “spaghetti sign” in the bladder on ultrasonography and on Magnetic Resonance Urography (MRU), modalities in which the sign has not been previously described. We suggest that the observations may provide a useful guide when ultrasonography and/or MRU are employed in the search for the source of massive hematuria. We also report two additional cases of hematuria in whom the “spaghetti sign” is demonstrated in the urographic phase of contrast CT.","PeriodicalId":29875,"journal":{"name":"West African Journal of Radiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48329671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We report a case of a 35-year-old woman with Hajdu–Cheney syndrome, a very rare connective tissue disorder with about 70 cases reported worldwide since 1948. No similar disease occurred in her family. She presented with clinical features of the syndrome and left seventh cranial nerve palsy after several dental procedures. The radiographs of the skull and the hands demonstrate the abnormalities clearly.
{"title":"Hajdu–Cheney syndrome: A rare acro-osteolytic disorder","authors":"M. Olusola-Bello, A. Olatunji, O. Toyobo","doi":"10.4103/WAJR.WAJR_3_18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/WAJR.WAJR_3_18","url":null,"abstract":"We report a case of a 35-year-old woman with Hajdu–Cheney syndrome, a very rare connective tissue disorder with about 70 cases reported worldwide since 1948. No similar disease occurred in her family. She presented with clinical features of the syndrome and left seventh cranial nerve palsy after several dental procedures. The radiographs of the skull and the hands demonstrate the abnormalities clearly.","PeriodicalId":29875,"journal":{"name":"West African Journal of Radiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43441389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Distensibility coefficient (DC) is abnormal in most cases of acute cerebral infarct patients. Intima-media thickness (IMT) is measured by B (brightness)-mode and distensibility by M (motion)-mode ultrasound. DC is not routinely measured in clinical practice even though it is the earliest functional change to occur in common carotid arteries. IMT represents structural change and DC represents functional changes that occur in common carotid. Aim: DC is a valid independent indicator for risk assessment of acute cerebral infarcts. The present study is aimed at knowing the association of abnormal DC with acute cerebral infarct patients. Materials and Methods: Cross sectional study was undertaken over a period of 9 months with 210 cases of acute cerebral infarct. Distensibility of common carotid artery was measured by M-mode ultrasound. Cramer's V value ranged from 0.0 to 1.0 and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: DC was reduced in 62.8% of the total 210 cases of acute cerebral infarct. Maximum cases (38%) were in the age groups of 61–70 years. Cramer's V value ranged from <15 to <24 × 10−3 kPa (P < 0.001). There was a good association between reduced DC and acute cerebral infarct in the present study. Conclusion: DC is a valid independent risk factor for acute cerebral infarct. DC represents functional vessel wall property and decreases with age. M-mode-derived measurements for DC are valid, and abnormal DC value is associated well with acute cerebral infarct.
{"title":"Distensibility coefficient of the common carotid artery in acute cerebral infarct by M-mode ultrasound: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Vishwanath T. Thimmaiah, C. Anupama","doi":"10.4103/WAJR.WAJR_23_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/WAJR.WAJR_23_17","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Distensibility coefficient (DC) is abnormal in most cases of acute cerebral infarct patients. Intima-media thickness (IMT) is measured by B (brightness)-mode and distensibility by M (motion)-mode ultrasound. DC is not routinely measured in clinical practice even though it is the earliest functional change to occur in common carotid arteries. IMT represents structural change and DC represents functional changes that occur in common carotid. Aim: DC is a valid independent indicator for risk assessment of acute cerebral infarcts. The present study is aimed at knowing the association of abnormal DC with acute cerebral infarct patients. Materials and Methods: Cross sectional study was undertaken over a period of 9 months with 210 cases of acute cerebral infarct. Distensibility of common carotid artery was measured by M-mode ultrasound. Cramer's V value ranged from 0.0 to 1.0 and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: DC was reduced in 62.8% of the total 210 cases of acute cerebral infarct. Maximum cases (38%) were in the age groups of 61–70 years. Cramer's V value ranged from <15 to <24 × 10−3 kPa (P < 0.001). There was a good association between reduced DC and acute cerebral infarct in the present study. Conclusion: DC is a valid independent risk factor for acute cerebral infarct. DC represents functional vessel wall property and decreases with age. M-mode-derived measurements for DC are valid, and abnormal DC value is associated well with acute cerebral infarct.","PeriodicalId":29875,"journal":{"name":"West African Journal of Radiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45902093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We report a case where patient presented only with neurological symptoms from the metastases of an asymptomatic primary renal cell maligancy , alongwith review of literature for unusual sites of intracranial metastases in the clivus and choroid plexus.
{"title":"Unusual sites of intracranial metastases from renal cell carcinoma presenting only with neurological symptoms","authors":"P. Garg, H. Lal, S. Atwal, S. Nayak, Alok Udiya","doi":"10.4103/wajr.wajr_36_14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/wajr.wajr_36_14","url":null,"abstract":"We report a case where patient presented only with neurological symptoms from the metastases of an asymptomatic primary renal cell maligancy , alongwith review of literature for unusual sites of intracranial metastases in the clivus and choroid plexus.","PeriodicalId":29875,"journal":{"name":"West African Journal of Radiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43745903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：