Pub Date : 2024-09-14DOI: 10.1177/19312431241277960
Kelly Kaufhold
A national panel survey (n = 1,332) oversampled partisans (40% Democrat, 40% Republican, 20% Independent) and exposed them to an experiment showing partisan news sources (Fox News Channel and MSNBC) and partisan content, in a test of hostile media perception. Partisans did not find the news outlets to be hostile but did find out-group content to be hostile. The study also compared partisan cable news with broadcast TV news and found that viewers of traditional broadcast news (both network and local) were more moderate and viewed the news, and news sources, as less hostile. This study is also one of the first to examine the role of emerging social media outlets which have reportedly been embraced on the right, including Parler, Telegram, MeWe, Gab, Gettr, and Rumble.
{"title":"Does Tribe Trump Facts? Novel Measures of Hostile Media","authors":"Kelly Kaufhold","doi":"10.1177/19312431241277960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19312431241277960","url":null,"abstract":"A national panel survey (n = 1,332) oversampled partisans (40% Democrat, 40% Republican, 20% Independent) and exposed them to an experiment showing partisan news sources (Fox News Channel and MSNBC) and partisan content, in a test of hostile media perception. Partisans did not find the news outlets to be hostile but did find out-group content to be hostile. The study also compared partisan cable news with broadcast TV news and found that viewers of traditional broadcast news (both network and local) were more moderate and viewed the news, and news sources, as less hostile. This study is also one of the first to examine the role of emerging social media outlets which have reportedly been embraced on the right, including Parler, Telegram, MeWe, Gab, Gettr, and Rumble.","PeriodicalId":29929,"journal":{"name":"Electronic News","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142268549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-28DOI: 10.1177/19312431241268011
Tom Dobber, Michael Hameleers
The comment section accompanying news stories on social media offers an important interactive context for news, but may also afford the possibility to spread anti-establishment, trust-eroding comments. Exposure to such comments may affect social media users’ trust in news media. However, evidence of over-time effects is scarce. This study draws upon cultivation theory and uses a three-wave panel survey in the Netherlands ( N = 906). Findings indicate that increased comment reading at T2 exacerbates and deepens news media mistrust at T3, suggesting that exposure to the comment section accompanying news stories posted on social media indeed has negative ramifications for news media trust. News media seem to be closing off their own comment section and delegating commenting to social media in part to create a buffer between themselves and trust-eroding comments. Our findings suggest this buffer is not as solid as news media might hope.
社交媒体上新闻报道附带的评论区为新闻提供了重要的互动环境，但也有可能传播反体制、破坏信任的评论。接触此类评论可能会影响社交媒体用户对新闻媒体的信任。然而，有关长期影响的证据却很少。本研究借鉴了培养理论，在荷兰进行了三波面板调查（N = 906）。研究结果表明，在 T2 阶段，评论阅读量的增加会加剧和加深 T3 阶段对新闻媒体的不信任，这表明接触社交媒体上发布的新闻报道所附带的评论部分确实会对新闻媒体的信任度产生负面影响。新闻媒体似乎正在关闭自己的评论区，并将评论工作委托给社交媒体，这在一定程度上是为了在自己与破坏信任的评论之间建立一个缓冲区。我们的研究结果表明，这种缓冲作用并不像新闻媒体希望的那样稳固。
{"title":"The Social Media Comment Section as an Unruly Public Arena: How Comment Reading Erodes Trust in News Media","authors":"Tom Dobber, Michael Hameleers","doi":"10.1177/19312431241268011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19312431241268011","url":null,"abstract":"The comment section accompanying news stories on social media offers an important interactive context for news, but may also afford the possibility to spread anti-establishment, trust-eroding comments. Exposure to such comments may affect social media users’ trust in news media. However, evidence of over-time effects is scarce. This study draws upon cultivation theory and uses a three-wave panel survey in the Netherlands ( N = 906). Findings indicate that increased comment reading at T2 exacerbates and deepens news media mistrust at T3, suggesting that exposure to the comment section accompanying news stories posted on social media indeed has negative ramifications for news media trust. News media seem to be closing off their own comment section and delegating commenting to social media in part to create a buffer between themselves and trust-eroding comments. Our findings suggest this buffer is not as solid as news media might hope.","PeriodicalId":29929,"journal":{"name":"Electronic News","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142220873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-25DOI: 10.1177/19312431241262701
Nataliya Roman, Berrin Beasley
The COVID-19 pandemic has provided a rare opportunity for analysis of local American television news reporting during a global health crisis. Using Diffusion of Innovations as the theoretical framework of their study, researchers conducted 20 in-depth interviews in summer 2021 with local television reporters from small, medium, and large markets across the United States about their work conditions during the pandemic. Thematic analysis revealed time-saving, cost-saving, and health-saving measures adopted under difficult and confusing circumstances.
{"title":"Innovation and Determination: How Local American TV Journalists Told the COVID-19 “Story of a Lifetime”","authors":"Nataliya Roman, Berrin Beasley","doi":"10.1177/19312431241262701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19312431241262701","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has provided a rare opportunity for analysis of local American television news reporting during a global health crisis. Using Diffusion of Innovations as the theoretical framework of their study, researchers conducted 20 in-depth interviews in summer 2021 with local television reporters from small, medium, and large markets across the United States about their work conditions during the pandemic. Thematic analysis revealed time-saving, cost-saving, and health-saving measures adopted under difficult and confusing circumstances.","PeriodicalId":29929,"journal":{"name":"Electronic News","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141773278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-22DOI: 10.1177/19312431241262697
Elia Powers
Scholars commonly reference journalistic neutrality, but not in the context of self-presentation. This study examines how journalists feel compelled to demonstrate neutrality through their performance of self. Through in-depth interviews ( n = 57) with broadcast journalists and those who shape their on-air presentation, I explore the construct of performance neutrality, identifying dimensions related to speech, appearance, and demeanor. Journalists negotiated expectations of performance neutrality by conforming to—and in some cases challenging—restrictive institutionalized norms. Drawing on social constructionism theory and the notion of White normativity, I argue that neutrality is a false ideal that upholds the status quo and limits diversity in broadcast journalism.
{"title":"“Standard” Appearance and “Accentless” Speech: How Performance Neutrality Limits Diversity in Broadcast News","authors":"Elia Powers","doi":"10.1177/19312431241262697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19312431241262697","url":null,"abstract":"Scholars commonly reference journalistic neutrality, but not in the context of self-presentation. This study examines how journalists feel compelled to demonstrate neutrality through their performance of self. Through in-depth interviews ( n = 57) with broadcast journalists and those who shape their on-air presentation, I explore the construct of performance neutrality, identifying dimensions related to speech, appearance, and demeanor. Journalists negotiated expectations of performance neutrality by conforming to—and in some cases challenging—restrictive institutionalized norms. Drawing on social constructionism theory and the notion of White normativity, I argue that neutrality is a false ideal that upholds the status quo and limits diversity in broadcast journalism.","PeriodicalId":29929,"journal":{"name":"Electronic News","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141740520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-27DOI: 10.1177/19312431241246239
Stan Jastrzebski, Lars Willnat
Even though U.S. public broadcasting has existed for more than 50 years, little research has been done on the attitudes of its journalists. This study, based on a sample of 394 U.S. public media journalists, represents the largest-scale effort to date to catalog the professional values and beliefs of these professionals. Our findings suggest these journalists are more liberal than both the U.S. population and commercial journalists, though they find it important not to be seen as partisan in their work. And while more people of color work in public broadcasting than in commercial media, public media journalists are unsatisfied with the diversity in their newsrooms and how it represents the communities they serve. When asked about their preferred professional roles, U.S. public media journalists tend to identify more with the interpretive and populist-mobilizer functions of journalism than the adversarial and disseminator functions.
{"title":"Attitudes of U.S. Public Broadcasters: A Liberal Helping of Interpretive Journalism","authors":"Stan Jastrzebski, Lars Willnat","doi":"10.1177/19312431241246239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19312431241246239","url":null,"abstract":"Even though U.S. public broadcasting has existed for more than 50 years, little research has been done on the attitudes of its journalists. This study, based on a sample of 394 U.S. public media journalists, represents the largest-scale effort to date to catalog the professional values and beliefs of these professionals. Our findings suggest these journalists are more liberal than both the U.S. population and commercial journalists, though they find it important not to be seen as partisan in their work. And while more people of color work in public broadcasting than in commercial media, public media journalists are unsatisfied with the diversity in their newsrooms and how it represents the communities they serve. When asked about their preferred professional roles, U.S. public media journalists tend to identify more with the interpretive and populist-mobilizer functions of journalism than the adversarial and disseminator functions.","PeriodicalId":29929,"journal":{"name":"Electronic News","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140810334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-08DOI: 10.1177/19312431241238452
Chad Whittle
Daily news podcasts continue to grow as a source of news and information for media consumers as more are seeking to consume news on digital platforms. However, studies on news podcasting are still a new area of research. This study expands a preliminary study to a broader, more national U.S. audience. The current research used an online survey to gather data and provides a broader demographic sample size with various participants across the United States. In addition, this study used the uses and gratifications approach to provide a more thorough analysis of why U.S. listeners choose to listen to daily news podcasts and what gratifications consumers receive. This study also provides new data on whether listeners consume a variety of news podcasts with differing political viewpoints and which medium podcast listeners consider the most trustworthy for news.
{"title":"Why America is Downloading the News: A Study on Daily News Podcasts and Why U.S. Audiences Listen","authors":"Chad Whittle","doi":"10.1177/19312431241238452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19312431241238452","url":null,"abstract":"Daily news podcasts continue to grow as a source of news and information for media consumers as more are seeking to consume news on digital platforms. However, studies on news podcasting are still a new area of research. This study expands a preliminary study to a broader, more national U.S. audience. The current research used an online survey to gather data and provides a broader demographic sample size with various participants across the United States. In addition, this study used the uses and gratifications approach to provide a more thorough analysis of why U.S. listeners choose to listen to daily news podcasts and what gratifications consumers receive. This study also provides new data on whether listeners consume a variety of news podcasts with differing political viewpoints and which medium podcast listeners consider the most trustworthy for news.","PeriodicalId":29929,"journal":{"name":"Electronic News","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140072100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-27DOI: 10.1177/19312431241234829
Sean R. Sadri, Andrew C. Billings, Mahdi Latififard
Utilizing framing theory, the present study examined gender differences in Iranian state-run media and alternative media portrayals of elite athlete emigration. By analyzing 704 online news articles published between 2007 and 2022 and comparing gender disparities, the study provides insights into the framing narratives used by a nation without a free press to undermine gender equity and national dialogues about sport. The study determined that male athletes received disproportionally high framing coverage over time, but this gender imbalance shifted to the inverse in 2020. This can be attributed to a sudden influx of prominent female athletes emigrating from Iran to avoid political persecution. Study findings also uncovered a stark contrast in the prominence of frames attributed to each gender.
{"title":"Iranian Sports Migration and the Gender Imbalance: Examining Emigration Framing of Elite Iranian Athletes by State-Run Media","authors":"Sean R. Sadri, Andrew C. Billings, Mahdi Latififard","doi":"10.1177/19312431241234829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19312431241234829","url":null,"abstract":"Utilizing framing theory, the present study examined gender differences in Iranian state-run media and alternative media portrayals of elite athlete emigration. By analyzing 704 online news articles published between 2007 and 2022 and comparing gender disparities, the study provides insights into the framing narratives used by a nation without a free press to undermine gender equity and national dialogues about sport. The study determined that male athletes received disproportionally high framing coverage over time, but this gender imbalance shifted to the inverse in 2020. This can be attributed to a sudden influx of prominent female athletes emigrating from Iran to avoid political persecution. Study findings also uncovered a stark contrast in the prominence of frames attributed to each gender.","PeriodicalId":29929,"journal":{"name":"Electronic News","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140019561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-10DOI: 10.1177/19312431231198029
Stone Grissom
The rise of digital platforms and the demand for multi-platform content have revolutionized the news industry. Evolving technology has caused a crisis for the local linear broadcast market due to a lack of competitive wages and recruitment of talent. Local news is no longer tied to the traditional linear model and must adapt to a multi-platform distribution model. However, local stations seem tied to short-sighted financial policies that are antithetical to long-term recruitment and retention of top talent. These policies threaten to undermine the industry's own future and create a model that is ultimately unsustainable in tomorrow's competitive business environment. Without current reform, local news outlets are in danger of undermining themselves and destroying the competitiveness of the entire industry.
{"title":"The Local News Industry's Challenge: Recruiting and Retaining Talent in a Multi-Platform Distribution Environment","authors":"Stone Grissom","doi":"10.1177/19312431231198029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19312431231198029","url":null,"abstract":"The rise of digital platforms and the demand for multi-platform content have revolutionized the news industry. Evolving technology has caused a crisis for the local linear broadcast market due to a lack of competitive wages and recruitment of talent. Local news is no longer tied to the traditional linear model and must adapt to a multi-platform distribution model. However, local stations seem tied to short-sighted financial policies that are antithetical to long-term recruitment and retention of top talent. These policies threaten to undermine the industry's own future and create a model that is ultimately unsustainable in tomorrow's competitive business environment. Without current reform, local news outlets are in danger of undermining themselves and destroying the competitiveness of the entire industry.","PeriodicalId":29929,"journal":{"name":"Electronic News","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136072497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-25DOI: 10.1177/19312431231190846
A. Appelman
This experiment ( N = 300) tests the effects of numbers and math errors in online news articles. Several readers struggled to recall and recognize the numbers and math errors in the articles, but there were significant effects of thinking they saw them—Regardless of experimental condition, readers who noticed (or imagined) numbers reported higher content quality, and readers who noticed (or imagined) errors reported lower content and source quality. Findings are discussed through the Heuristic-Systematic Processing Model, and implications for media trust are explored.
{"title":"Numbers in News Articles: Effects of Presence, Errors, and (False) Recall","authors":"A. Appelman","doi":"10.1177/19312431231190846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19312431231190846","url":null,"abstract":"This experiment ( N = 300) tests the effects of numbers and math errors in online news articles. Several readers struggled to recall and recognize the numbers and math errors in the articles, but there were significant effects of thinking they saw them—Regardless of experimental condition, readers who noticed (or imagined) numbers reported higher content quality, and readers who noticed (or imagined) errors reported lower content and source quality. Findings are discussed through the Heuristic-Systematic Processing Model, and implications for media trust are explored.","PeriodicalId":29929,"journal":{"name":"Electronic News","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45235351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-16DOI: 10.1177/19312431231186753
S. Reed, Ali Forbes
A camera technique known among sports broadcasters as a “hero shot” is used to capture the moment the athlete has successfully completed the task that seals or celebrates a victory. However, the “hero shot” and its components have not been examined in a scholarly setting. The current study aims to build a theoretical understanding of the “hero shot” as a visual frame that conveys hero mythology. The authors used the hero mythology literature and Brooklyn College's film department film glossary to determine which distance, angles, content, and means were most often used to capture heroic imagery of former American professional cyclist Lance Armstrong. This was done through a content analysis of 927 individual shots of Armstrong, aired between 1999 and 2010. Results suggest that low-angle and long shots were most commonly used for “hero shots.” However, the prominence of three-shots suggests the importance of other actors in contextualizing the hero.
{"title":"Hero Shots: The Hero Myth as a Visual Frame in American Television Coverage of Lance Armstrong","authors":"S. Reed, Ali Forbes","doi":"10.1177/19312431231186753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19312431231186753","url":null,"abstract":"A camera technique known among sports broadcasters as a “hero shot” is used to capture the moment the athlete has successfully completed the task that seals or celebrates a victory. However, the “hero shot” and its components have not been examined in a scholarly setting. The current study aims to build a theoretical understanding of the “hero shot” as a visual frame that conveys hero mythology. The authors used the hero mythology literature and Brooklyn College's film department film glossary to determine which distance, angles, content, and means were most often used to capture heroic imagery of former American professional cyclist Lance Armstrong. This was done through a content analysis of 927 individual shots of Armstrong, aired between 1999 and 2010. Results suggest that low-angle and long shots were most commonly used for “hero shots.” However, the prominence of three-shots suggests the importance of other actors in contextualizing the hero.","PeriodicalId":29929,"journal":{"name":"Electronic News","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45064988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：