Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.1177/19312431211028610
Erendira Abigail Morales, C. P. Schultz, Kristen D. Landreville
Twitter impacts what is covered by journalists, which affects what viewers think is important. This article explores the association between Trump’s tweets and cable and network television news coverage through the theoretical framework of agenda building. During a 3-week period in January 2020, a content analysis of story topics and publication times of Fox News, CNN, ABC, and NBC (N = 1,436) was conducted in conjunction with Trump’s tweets (N = 277). The findings showed a strong correlation between Fox News and @realDonaldTrump’s tweets and a moderate correlation with CNN. About half of Trump’s tweets reflected Fox News stories, hosts, or guests. More than 40% of news stories mentioned Trump, while his tweets were in stories at least 10% of the time. The results showed that Trump and Fox News had a strong influence over agenda building in the United States’ television news landscape.
{"title":"The Impact of 280 Characters: An Analysis of Trump’s Tweets and Television News Through the Lens of Agenda Building","authors":"Erendira Abigail Morales, C. P. Schultz, Kristen D. Landreville","doi":"10.1177/19312431211028610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19312431211028610","url":null,"abstract":"Twitter impacts what is covered by journalists, which affects what viewers think is important. This article explores the association between Trump’s tweets and cable and network television news coverage through the theoretical framework of agenda building. During a 3-week period in January 2020, a content analysis of story topics and publication times of Fox News, CNN, ABC, and NBC (N = 1,436) was conducted in conjunction with Trump’s tweets (N = 277). The findings showed a strong correlation between Fox News and @realDonaldTrump’s tweets and a moderate correlation with CNN. About half of Trump’s tweets reflected Fox News stories, hosts, or guests. More than 40% of news stories mentioned Trump, while his tweets were in stories at least 10% of the time. The results showed that Trump and Fox News had a strong influence over agenda building in the United States’ television news landscape.","PeriodicalId":29929,"journal":{"name":"Electronic News","volume":"15 1","pages":"21 - 37"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/19312431211028610","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44322955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.1177/19312431211019744
Bob Papper
Past studies (by Lee Becker and me) have shown that almost all new local TV news hires of recent college graduates are among journalism, broadcast and communication majors. The industry has always looked to academia to prepare students for that first job in local TV news. But as the industry changes—however slowly—are those jobs the same as they used to be? And is the pay any different? I’ve been conducting the annual RTDNA Surveys for the past 27 years, and I’ve taken a look back over time to see how industry hiring is evolving.
{"title":"The Changing and Unchanging Nature and Salary of the First Job in Local TV News","authors":"Bob Papper","doi":"10.1177/19312431211019744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19312431211019744","url":null,"abstract":"Past studies (by Lee Becker and me) have shown that almost all new local TV news hires of recent college graduates are among journalism, broadcast and communication majors. The industry has always looked to academia to prepare students for that first job in local TV news. But as the industry changes—however slowly—are those jobs the same as they used to be? And is the pay any different? I’ve been conducting the annual RTDNA Surveys for the past 27 years, and I’ve taken a look back over time to see how industry hiring is evolving.","PeriodicalId":29929,"journal":{"name":"Electronic News","volume":"15 1","pages":"57 - 66"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/19312431211019744","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47113863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.1177/1931243120963661
B. Potter
{"title":"Book Review: Is Being “Social” a Newsworthy Solution? Wihbey Says Yes in The Social Fact: News and Knowledge in a Networked World","authors":"B. Potter","doi":"10.1177/1931243120963661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1931243120963661","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29929,"journal":{"name":"Electronic News","volume":"14 1","pages":"187 - 189"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46623871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.1177/1931243120963705
Iveta Imre, D. Wenger
Little research has examined how local TV newsrooms determine the type and scope of technological innovation they will embrace. Given the importance of local TV news in keeping the public informed, it is critical to understand this process that could help sustain the industry into the future. This study explores technology-led innovation in local television newsrooms within the U.S. Analysis of interviews with TV newsroom leaders from a broad cross section of small, medium, and large markets identified three primary areas where they say they are innovating including live reporting, social media, and on-demand television services. Three motivating factors for media innovation were also identified: audience preferences, economic drivers, and corporate influence.
{"title":"Where Newsroom Leaders See Technology Facilitating Innovation in Local TV News","authors":"Iveta Imre, D. Wenger","doi":"10.1177/1931243120963705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1931243120963705","url":null,"abstract":"Little research has examined how local TV newsrooms determine the type and scope of technological innovation they will embrace. Given the importance of local TV news in keeping the public informed, it is critical to understand this process that could help sustain the industry into the future. This study explores technology-led innovation in local television newsrooms within the U.S. Analysis of interviews with TV newsroom leaders from a broad cross section of small, medium, and large markets identified three primary areas where they say they are innovating including live reporting, social media, and on-demand television services. Three motivating factors for media innovation were also identified: audience preferences, economic drivers, and corporate influence.","PeriodicalId":29929,"journal":{"name":"Electronic News","volume":"14 1","pages":"151 - 167"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1931243120963705","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43042440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-17DOI: 10.1177/1931243120972410
L. R. Smith, P. MacArthur
All 63.5 hours of NBC’s 2018 primetime Winter Olympic broadcast from PyeongChang were analyzed to determine differences between the network’s treatment of male and female athletes. For the first time in any Winter Olympiad studied, women received more athlete mentions than men and women accounted for the majority of the most mentioned athletes. A woman was the most mentioned athlete, the first time this finding has appeared on an NBC Winter Olympic broadcast. When individual sports were examined, however, men received more mentions in nine of the 15 winter sports, and a male was the most mentioned athlete in 10 winter sports. Analysis of NBC announcer dialogues revealed significant differences in only three areas, differing from past findings in previously studied Olympiads. Longitudinal context is articulated.
{"title":"Striking the Balance: The Portrayal of Male and Female Athletes on NBC’s Primetime Television Broadcast of the 2018 PyeongChang Winter Olympic Games","authors":"L. R. Smith, P. MacArthur","doi":"10.1177/1931243120972410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1931243120972410","url":null,"abstract":"All 63.5 hours of NBC’s 2018 primetime Winter Olympic broadcast from PyeongChang were analyzed to determine differences between the network’s treatment of male and female athletes. For the first time in any Winter Olympiad studied, women received more athlete mentions than men and women accounted for the majority of the most mentioned athletes. A woman was the most mentioned athlete, the first time this finding has appeared on an NBC Winter Olympic broadcast. When individual sports were examined, however, men received more mentions in nine of the 15 winter sports, and a male was the most mentioned athlete in 10 winter sports. Analysis of NBC announcer dialogues revealed significant differences in only three areas, differing from past findings in previously studied Olympiads. Longitudinal context is articulated.","PeriodicalId":29929,"journal":{"name":"Electronic News","volume":"14 1","pages":"168 - 186"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1931243120972410","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44909559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.1177/1931243120954855
D. Deavours
During crises, it’s challenging for journalists to keep their emotions out of reports. While broadcast journalists try to keep linguistic messages neutral, nonverbal behaviors are difficult to conceal. Graber’s stages of crisis coverage theory discusses routines of covering crisis and preventing verbal bias but doesn’t examine nonverbal bias. This study examines the neutrality of nonverbal expressions conveyed during the 2012 mass shooting at Sandy Hook Elementary School through the lens of the stages of crisis coverage theory. This study provides insight for understanding the responses news organizations should have in terms of crisis coverage. By examining the ways that the influence of emotional events have on the nonverbal expressivity of journalists during crisis, researchers can better understand the ritualization of the nonverbal neutrality standards of the profession and make recommendations on potential ways that the field could adapt their current crisis plans to consider nonverbal communication displays more explicitly. Further, by combining crisis planning, media ritualization practices, and journalistic nonverbal expression, this research provides further insight into how performance by media during a crisis can influence cultural meaning about the event for viewers. The findings in this study also suggest the stages of crisis coverage theory was not upheld by broadcasters in this context, calling for reexamination of the theory’s uses and applications to all crisis coverage.
{"title":"Written All Over Their Faces: Neutrality and Nonverbal Expression in Sandy Hook Coverage","authors":"D. Deavours","doi":"10.1177/1931243120954855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1931243120954855","url":null,"abstract":"During crises, it’s challenging for journalists to keep their emotions out of reports. While broadcast journalists try to keep linguistic messages neutral, nonverbal behaviors are difficult to conceal. Graber’s stages of crisis coverage theory discusses routines of covering crisis and preventing verbal bias but doesn’t examine nonverbal bias. This study examines the neutrality of nonverbal expressions conveyed during the 2012 mass shooting at Sandy Hook Elementary School through the lens of the stages of crisis coverage theory. This study provides insight for understanding the responses news organizations should have in terms of crisis coverage. By examining the ways that the influence of emotional events have on the nonverbal expressivity of journalists during crisis, researchers can better understand the ritualization of the nonverbal neutrality standards of the profession and make recommendations on potential ways that the field could adapt their current crisis plans to consider nonverbal communication displays more explicitly. Further, by combining crisis planning, media ritualization practices, and journalistic nonverbal expression, this research provides further insight into how performance by media during a crisis can influence cultural meaning about the event for viewers. The findings in this study also suggest the stages of crisis coverage theory was not upheld by broadcasters in this context, calling for reexamination of the theory’s uses and applications to all crisis coverage.","PeriodicalId":29929,"journal":{"name":"Electronic News","volume":"14 1","pages":"123 - 142"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1931243120954855","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47427101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-28DOI: 10.1177/1931243120951564
Jinhee Lee, Zulfia Zaher, Edgar Simpson, E. Erzikova
This study examined audience commentary on Fox News, Cable News Network, and MSNBC’s YouTube and Facebook platforms associated with news stories on Nike’s selection of controversial former National Football League quarterback Colin Kaepernick as the spokesman for its 2018 campaign. The study, using the theory of gatekeeping as a starting point, sought evidence for a drowning effect, in which the audience strayed from the primary message of the journalism presented to it. Content analysis revealed a significant drowning effect across platforms and outlets.
{"title":"Drowning Out the Message: How Online Comments on News Stories About Nike’s Ad Campaign Contributed to Polarization and Gatekeeping","authors":"Jinhee Lee, Zulfia Zaher, Edgar Simpson, E. Erzikova","doi":"10.1177/1931243120951564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1931243120951564","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined audience commentary on Fox News, Cable News Network, and MSNBC’s YouTube and Facebook platforms associated with news stories on Nike’s selection of controversial former National Football League quarterback Colin Kaepernick as the spokesman for its 2018 campaign. The study, using the theory of gatekeeping as a starting point, sought evidence for a drowning effect, in which the audience strayed from the primary message of the journalism presented to it. Content analysis revealed a significant drowning effect across platforms and outlets.","PeriodicalId":29929,"journal":{"name":"Electronic News","volume":"64 14","pages":"103 - 122"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1931243120951564","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41285134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-17DOI: 10.1177/1931243120946301
Kathleen I. Alaimo
{"title":"Book Review: The mourning news: Reporting violent death in a global age","authors":"Kathleen I. Alaimo","doi":"10.1177/1931243120946301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1931243120946301","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29929,"journal":{"name":"Electronic News","volume":"14 1","pages":"145 - 147"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1931243120946301","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43205846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-17DOI: 10.1177/1931243120946296
David Staton
{"title":"Book Reviews: Reporting bad news: Negotiating the boundaries between intrusion and fair representation in media coverage of death","authors":"David Staton","doi":"10.1177/1931243120946296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1931243120946296","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29929,"journal":{"name":"Electronic News","volume":"14 1","pages":"143 - 145"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1931243120946296","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48442473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.1177/1931243120925118
Beth E. Concepción
{"title":"Book Review: Why I’m a Journalist: Personal Stories From Those Who Cover the News","authors":"Beth E. Concepción","doi":"10.1177/1931243120925118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1931243120925118","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":29929,"journal":{"name":"Electronic News","volume":"14 1","pages":"97 - 98"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43052278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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