Pub Date : 2013-07-01DOI: 10.4103/2230-7095.136499
M. Shaikh, B. Shah, Suman Sahu, A. Sahu, S. Kotalwar, K. Sharma
We report a case of a 35-year-old male who presented to our emergency room with debilitating, complete, irreducible, edematous rectal prolapse along with retention of urine. Due to marked edema and inflammation, the reduction was unsuccessful under general anesthesia; hence a conservative approach was considered. With local sugar application for a week, the edema was reduced and via manual digital maneuver, the prolapse was reduced with anal encirclement the day after to maintain the reduction. With our experience, where laproscopic facilities were unavailable, we wish to highlight the role of nonsurgical/conservative conventional methods of management of such severe cases that are associated with edema and present to clinics/institutes where limited surgical facilities are available.
{"title":"Highlighting the role of nonsurgical (conservative) method in the management of complete rectal prolapse in an Indian male","authors":"M. Shaikh, B. Shah, Suman Sahu, A. Sahu, S. Kotalwar, K. Sharma","doi":"10.4103/2230-7095.136499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2230-7095.136499","url":null,"abstract":"We report a case of a 35-year-old male who presented to our emergency room with debilitating, complete, irreducible, edematous rectal prolapse along with retention of urine. Due to marked edema and inflammation, the reduction was unsuccessful under general anesthesia; hence a conservative approach was considered. With local sugar application for a week, the edema was reduced and via manual digital maneuver, the prolapse was reduced with anal encirclement the day after to maintain the reduction. With our experience, where laproscopic facilities were unavailable, we wish to highlight the role of nonsurgical/conservative conventional methods of management of such severe cases that are associated with edema and present to clinics/institutes where limited surgical facilities are available.","PeriodicalId":299761,"journal":{"name":"International journal of students' research","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127596964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-01DOI: 10.4103/2230-7095.136491
S. Garg, R. Garipelly, A. Nagappa, U. Mateti
Introduction: India accounts for 274.9 million global tobacco users and approximately 120 million tobacco smokers. It is predicted that tobacco deaths in India may exceed 1.5 million annually by 2020. Considering the hazardous impact of smoking upon the health of an individual, we conducted this investigation to evaluate the magnitude of this increasingly distressing public health concern among youngsters enrolled in university courses at various educational institutes in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India. Methodology: A cross-sectional questionnaire based study was conducted among youngsters at various educational institutions in Andhra Pradesh, India. The structured questionnaire was developed to assess the number of youngsters habituated to smoking and to know their attitude, knowledge, and behavioral responses toward smoking tobacco. Results: A total of 4394 responses were collected from Andhra Pradesh. The mean age of the respondents was 20.4 ± 2.9 years and 67.6% were males. The overall smoking rate was found to be 41.03%. Of the total respondents, 1254 (28.5%) were enrolled in pre-university course, whereas graduates and postgraduates constituted 2348 (53.4%) and 792 (18.0%), respectively. A majority of smokers (72.6%) and nonsmokers (91.6%) stated that people adapt to smoking as a fashionable trend, while only a meager (12.1%) respondents thought stress as a stimulant to resort to smoking habits. 44.9% respondents felt smoking cigarettes in a group increased interaction among their peers; 81.1% confessed to initiation of smoking during their teenage years; About 66.8% admitted to smoking up to 5 cigarettes/day, while 76.2% were aware of the fact nicotine in cigarettes causes addiction. Of the suggested measures to quit smoking, 64.9% of the respondents recommended prohibition of smoking at public places, 66.1% advised cigarettes to be made expensive, 87.2% sought counseling by a physician or a pharmacist as a valuable resource to help youngsters curb their smoking habits and 77.1% thought the use of e-cigarettes could be a potential alternative measure to avoid tobacco smoking. Conclusion: A high percentage of youngsters admitting to smoking cigarettes as demonstrated from our survey highlights a poor indicator of national health status. Perhaps, it also reflects a failure of state government policies aimed to prevent tobacco use. The need to formulate stringent policies to guide youngsters to understand the deleterious effects of tobacco, including but not limited to, advertisements, banners, setting up of de-addiction and counseling centers, national wide campaign and broadcasting should be done.
{"title":"Evaluation of attitude, behavior, knowledge, and smoking rates among youngsters from Southern India: a survey-based study from Andhra Pradesh","authors":"S. Garg, R. Garipelly, A. Nagappa, U. Mateti","doi":"10.4103/2230-7095.136491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2230-7095.136491","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: India accounts for 274.9 million global tobacco users and approximately 120 million tobacco smokers. It is predicted that tobacco deaths in India may exceed 1.5 million annually by 2020. Considering the hazardous impact of smoking upon the health of an individual, we conducted this investigation to evaluate the magnitude of this increasingly distressing public health concern among youngsters enrolled in university courses at various educational institutes in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India. Methodology: A cross-sectional questionnaire based study was conducted among youngsters at various educational institutions in Andhra Pradesh, India. The structured questionnaire was developed to assess the number of youngsters habituated to smoking and to know their attitude, knowledge, and behavioral responses toward smoking tobacco. Results: A total of 4394 responses were collected from Andhra Pradesh. The mean age of the respondents was 20.4 ± 2.9 years and 67.6% were males. The overall smoking rate was found to be 41.03%. Of the total respondents, 1254 (28.5%) were enrolled in pre-university course, whereas graduates and postgraduates constituted 2348 (53.4%) and 792 (18.0%), respectively. A majority of smokers (72.6%) and nonsmokers (91.6%) stated that people adapt to smoking as a fashionable trend, while only a meager (12.1%) respondents thought stress as a stimulant to resort to smoking habits. 44.9% respondents felt smoking cigarettes in a group increased interaction among their peers; 81.1% confessed to initiation of smoking during their teenage years; About 66.8% admitted to smoking up to 5 cigarettes/day, while 76.2% were aware of the fact nicotine in cigarettes causes addiction. Of the suggested measures to quit smoking, 64.9% of the respondents recommended prohibition of smoking at public places, 66.1% advised cigarettes to be made expensive, 87.2% sought counseling by a physician or a pharmacist as a valuable resource to help youngsters curb their smoking habits and 77.1% thought the use of e-cigarettes could be a potential alternative measure to avoid tobacco smoking. Conclusion: A high percentage of youngsters admitting to smoking cigarettes as demonstrated from our survey highlights a poor indicator of national health status. Perhaps, it also reflects a failure of state government policies aimed to prevent tobacco use. The need to formulate stringent policies to guide youngsters to understand the deleterious effects of tobacco, including but not limited to, advertisements, banners, setting up of de-addiction and counseling centers, national wide campaign and broadcasting should be done.","PeriodicalId":299761,"journal":{"name":"International journal of students' research","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131033033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by unwanted, persistent, and intrusive thoughts and has lifetime prevalence estimated at 1 to 3%. OCD is often associated with a high degree of psychiatric comorbidities (like depression), disability, and relatively poor long-term outcome. Cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) has proven to be an effective treatment regiment for OCD. Yet, it is being underused used in acute care facilities for the treatment of patients with OCD and associated psychiatric comorbidities. We present a challenging case highlighting the benefit of CBT alongside medication adjustments in a mental health unit. A 20-year-old male patient presented to our mental health unit with previously diagnosed OCD and severe depression. In addition, he also had social anxiety, insomnia, and suicidal ideation. Patient history revealed that he had been prescribed fluvoxamine, 200 mg per day, five months back but his symptoms had gotten worse. He has had one previous hospitalization. His Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) at admission was in the range of 21-30. The fluvoxamine that had been previously prescribed was kept at 200 mg per day. In addition, he was also prescribed lorazepam 1 mg every four hours (anxiety), and zolpidem 10 mg per day (insomnia). During his inpatient stay, the patient also underwent CBT with counselors and a social worker. At discharge which was 6 days post admission, the fluvoxamine was increased to 250 mg per day. He had mild depression; GAF had improved; was very sociable; slept 8 hours a day; and had no suicidal ideation. CBT that focuses primarily on exposure and response prevention may be better at treating co-occurring depression. This case illustrates the importance of considering CBT alongside proper pharmacotherapy in the treatment of OCD with depression in acute care facilities.
{"title":"Benefit of cognitive-behavior therapy alongside pharmacotherapy in treating obsessive-compulsive disorder with depression: a case report and review of the literature","authors":"R. Nair, M. Korn, Sunida Bintasan","doi":"10.5549/IJSR.1.3.85-87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5549/IJSR.1.3.85-87","url":null,"abstract":"Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by unwanted, persistent, and intrusive thoughts and has lifetime prevalence estimated at 1 to 3%. OCD is often associated with a high degree of psychiatric comorbidities (like depression), disability, and relatively poor long-term outcome. Cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) has proven to be an effective treatment regiment for OCD. Yet, it is being underused used in acute care facilities for the treatment of patients with OCD and associated psychiatric comorbidities. We present a challenging case highlighting the benefit of CBT alongside medication adjustments in a mental health unit. A 20-year-old male patient presented to our mental health unit with previously diagnosed OCD and severe depression. In addition, he also had social anxiety, insomnia, and suicidal ideation. Patient history revealed that he had been prescribed fluvoxamine, 200 mg per day, five months back but his symptoms had gotten worse. He has had one previous hospitalization. His Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) at admission was in the range of 21-30. The fluvoxamine that had been previously prescribed was kept at 200 mg per day. In addition, he was also prescribed lorazepam 1 mg every four hours (anxiety), and zolpidem 10 mg per day (insomnia). During his inpatient stay, the patient also underwent CBT with counselors and a social worker. At discharge which was 6 days post admission, the fluvoxamine was increased to 250 mg per day. He had mild depression; GAF had improved; was very sociable; slept 8 hours a day; and had no suicidal ideation. CBT that focuses primarily on exposure and response prevention may be better at treating co-occurring depression. This case illustrates the importance of considering CBT alongside proper pharmacotherapy in the treatment of OCD with depression in acute care facilities.","PeriodicalId":299761,"journal":{"name":"International journal of students' research","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128110259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
During ongoing morphological study of adult human larynx, we found a rare variant of thyroid cartilage anatomy. Absence of superior cornua of thyroid cartilage was seen on left side in a specimen of larynx. In the same specimen was present a large spindle shaped triticeous cartilage. Very few studies describe this type of variation. We recommend that surgeons, radiologists and autopsy surgeons performing any procedures in the region of the neck, to make a mental note of this anatomical variation. This variation and its clinical significance are reported in the paper.
{"title":"Absence of superior cornua: a rare variant of thyroid cartilage anatomy","authors":"Mohini M. Joshi, S. S. Joshi, S. Joshi","doi":"10.5549/IJSR.1.3.88-89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5549/IJSR.1.3.88-89","url":null,"abstract":"During ongoing morphological study of adult human larynx, we found a rare variant of thyroid cartilage anatomy. Absence of superior cornua of thyroid cartilage was seen on left side in a specimen of larynx. In the same specimen was present a large spindle shaped triticeous cartilage. Very few studies describe this type of variation. We recommend that surgeons, radiologists and autopsy surgeons performing any procedures in the region of the neck, to make a mental note of this anatomical variation. This variation and its clinical significance are reported in the paper.","PeriodicalId":299761,"journal":{"name":"International journal of students' research","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121033304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Duraiswamy, G. Balasubramaniam, S. Subbiah, S. Veeranki
Introduction : Psychological stress worsens glycemic control and increases oxidative stress in Type 2 DM patients. The practice of yoga, along with physical exercise reduces psychological stress and improves glycemic control in diabetic individuals, thereby preventing its progression to complications. This study evaluated the impact of two combined yogic interventions in the management of Type 2 DM. Methodology : Around 20 Type 2 diabetic subjects were randomly recruited to participate in the study. A pre- and post- test methodology with yogic intervention for 5 weeks was employed in the study. A student's paired t-test on the overall mean scores and mean scores, stratified by gender, age and duration of diabetes, was conducted to evaluate the hypothesis. Results : A significant decrease in plasma glucose, serum cortisol and serum malone-di-aldehyde (MDA) levels and a significant increase in serum super oxide dismutase (SOD) activity were noted. Also, the effect of yogic intervention was found to be more pronounced in subjects with poor glycemic control. Conclusion : This study emphasizes the role of two yogic practices (Nadishodhana Pranayama and the Sun Salutation) as adjuvant therapy in patients with Type 2 diabetes.
{"title":"Role of yoga in the management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","authors":"V. Duraiswamy, G. Balasubramaniam, S. Subbiah, S. Veeranki","doi":"10.5549/IJSR.1.3.80-84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5549/IJSR.1.3.80-84","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction : Psychological stress worsens glycemic control and increases oxidative stress in Type 2 DM patients. The practice of yoga, along with physical exercise reduces psychological stress and improves glycemic control in diabetic individuals, thereby preventing its progression to complications. This study evaluated the impact of two combined yogic interventions in the management of Type 2 DM. Methodology : Around 20 Type 2 diabetic subjects were randomly recruited to participate in the study. A pre- and post- test methodology with yogic intervention for 5 weeks was employed in the study. A student's paired t-test on the overall mean scores and mean scores, stratified by gender, age and duration of diabetes, was conducted to evaluate the hypothesis. Results : A significant decrease in plasma glucose, serum cortisol and serum malone-di-aldehyde (MDA) levels and a significant increase in serum super oxide dismutase (SOD) activity were noted. Also, the effect of yogic intervention was found to be more pronounced in subjects with poor glycemic control. Conclusion : This study emphasizes the role of two yogic practices (Nadishodhana Pranayama and the Sun Salutation) as adjuvant therapy in patients with Type 2 diabetes.","PeriodicalId":299761,"journal":{"name":"International journal of students' research","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116568683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nature’s call again: are we ready?","authors":"M. A. Syed","doi":"10.5549/IJSR.1.2.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5549/IJSR.1.2.36","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":299761,"journal":{"name":"International journal of students' research","volume":"231 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123907666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nitty-gritty of the International Journal of Students’ Research","authors":"P. Kalakoti","doi":"10.5549/IJSR.1.2.34-35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5549/IJSR.1.2.34-35","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":299761,"journal":{"name":"International journal of students' research","volume":"209 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123094984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aditi M Panditrao, M. Panditrao, M. Panditrao, I. Azher
{"title":"A prospective study to compare the incidence of post-operative nausea, vomiting (PONV) in female patients undergoing surgical procedures under general anaesthesia during proliferative and secretory phase of menstrual cycle","authors":"Aditi M Panditrao, M. Panditrao, M. Panditrao, I. Azher","doi":"10.5549/IJSR.1.2.51-56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5549/IJSR.1.2.51-56","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":299761,"journal":{"name":"International journal of students' research","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122663309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hand hygiene: two fundamental strategies for improving compliance","authors":"Adrian Y. S. Lee","doi":"10.5549/IJSR.1.2.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5549/IJSR.1.2.67","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":299761,"journal":{"name":"International journal of students' research","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126848893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Ahya, Kunal Ahya, U. Patel, R. Anand, B. Leuva, S. Chaudhary
{"title":"A rare case of granulosa cell tumor with coexistent endometrioid adenocarcinoma in a young woman","authors":"R. Ahya, Kunal Ahya, U. Patel, R. Anand, B. Leuva, S. Chaudhary","doi":"10.5549/IJSR.1.2.61-63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5549/IJSR.1.2.61-63","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":299761,"journal":{"name":"International journal of students' research","volume":"1870 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129944209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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