Pub Date : 2020-12-09DOI: 10.5007/2175-7925.2020.e72364
M. Rufino, G. A. D. Moura, D. Trovão, C. Prado, Fernanda Kelly Gomes da Silva
We determined the distribution (FDI), duration (FDU), and peak (FPE) of flowering in woody deciduous (DE) and evergreen (EV) species of the Caatinga with available data in the literature. Possible relations were established between leaf persistence and reproductive phenology throughout the year. The FDI indicated the relative number of species bearing flowers in each month, and the FDU denoted the number of months each species showed flowers. We defined the FPE as the four consecutive months with the highest number of species in flower. DE and EV did not show significant differences in FDI and FDU, probably due to the inability to sustain reproductive and vegetative annexes of woody axes simultaneously during the dry period. Some DE species showed flowering during the dry period in a crown free of leaves. EV flowering occurred outside the dry period. Flowering during the dry season in DE may happen due to water accumulated inside the plant body. FPE in EV during the transition between dry-rainy periods may indicate the ability to capture the first rain from all the plant body surface, covering the hydric demand of full foliage and folded reproductive buds anticipating the flowering in DE. This resulted in different values of FPE between DE and EV.
{"title":"Leaf deciduousness and flowering of woody caatinga species","authors":"M. Rufino, G. A. D. Moura, D. Trovão, C. Prado, Fernanda Kelly Gomes da Silva","doi":"10.5007/2175-7925.2020.e72364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2020.e72364","url":null,"abstract":"We determined the distribution (FDI), duration (FDU), and peak (FPE) of flowering in woody deciduous (DE) and evergreen (EV) species of the Caatinga with available data in the literature. Possible relations were established between leaf persistence and reproductive phenology throughout the year. The FDI indicated the relative number of species bearing flowers in each month, and the FDU denoted the number of months each species showed flowers. We defined the FPE as the four consecutive months with the highest number of species in flower. DE and EV did not show significant differences in FDI and FDU, probably due to the inability to sustain reproductive and vegetative annexes of woody axes simultaneously during the dry period. Some DE species showed flowering during the dry period in a crown free of leaves. EV flowering occurred outside the dry period. Flowering during the dry season in DE may happen due to water accumulated inside the plant body. FPE in EV during the transition between dry-rainy periods may indicate the ability to capture the first rain from all the plant body surface, covering the hydric demand of full foliage and folded reproductive buds anticipating the flowering in DE. This resulted in different values of FPE between DE and EV.","PeriodicalId":29999,"journal":{"name":"Biotemas","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42778803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-09DOI: 10.5007/2175-7925.2020.e75404
M. B. D. Silva, C. S. Aguiar, Cínthya Viana Souza Rocha, Sara Barbosa Santos, Matheus Santos dos Anjos, Rafael Sampaio Vieira Silva, P. B. Nishiyama, R. E. Fraga, M. A. Rocha, P. P. Oliveira
The proposal of this study is a protocol for the preparation of permanent sheets of protists and rotifers by adapting a Kisser glyceryn-jelly technique in three stages. A total of 450 sheets of protists and rotifers were made. After a period of 2 years, the slides remained stable, with no signs of fungal contamination and the organisms maintained their integral morphological conformation. The proposed technique is promising for the conservation of the morphological characteristics of the specimens, presenting low risk of manipulation, low cost, few reagents and easy handling, allowing the creation of a didactic collection for practical classes.
{"title":"Glycerin-Jelly as medium mounting permanent slides of protists and rotifers: a proposal for didactic purposes","authors":"M. B. D. Silva, C. S. Aguiar, Cínthya Viana Souza Rocha, Sara Barbosa Santos, Matheus Santos dos Anjos, Rafael Sampaio Vieira Silva, P. B. Nishiyama, R. E. Fraga, M. A. Rocha, P. P. Oliveira","doi":"10.5007/2175-7925.2020.e75404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2020.e75404","url":null,"abstract":"The proposal of this study is a protocol for the preparation of permanent sheets of protists and rotifers by adapting a Kisser glyceryn-jelly technique in three stages. A total of 450 sheets of protists and rotifers were made. After a period of 2 years, the slides remained stable, with no signs of fungal contamination and the organisms maintained their integral morphological conformation. The proposed technique is promising for the conservation of the morphological characteristics of the specimens, presenting low risk of manipulation, low cost, few reagents and easy handling, allowing the creation of a didactic collection for practical classes.","PeriodicalId":29999,"journal":{"name":"Biotemas","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42393267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-09DOI: 10.5007/2175-7925.2020.e75366
Ana Cristina Silva de Lima, D. C. de Toni, Norma Machado da Silva
Alleles that cause resistance to pesticides may also result in host physiological cost, as they can impair phenotypes such as reproduction and survival. However, works have described that in some arthropods mechanisms that mitigate the physiological cost have also been selected. This review covers a survey of the fitness attenuating mechanisms reported in the literature that can contribute to the maintenance of resistance in arthropods. Searches were made in the Pubmed and Scopus databases, from October 2019 to January 2020, to find references related to the topic, using combinations of key words, the Boolean operator AND, as well as inclusion and exclusion criteria. Sixty-one scientific articles were obtained, which were selected from the title and abstract. Different attenuation mechanisms were found and were classified into nine categories according to the mechanism of action described in the article. The Diptera Order was the most addressed in the articles (24 articles), represented mainly by the Culicidae family mosquitoes (17 articles). Gene duplication, mainly of acetylcholinesterase genes, was the mechanism most found (14 articles), and the one with the greatest variety of species in which it occurs (eight species from three Orders, including insects and arachnids).
{"title":"An overview of the mitigating mechanisms of the fitness cost of mutations associated with pesticide resistance in arthropods","authors":"Ana Cristina Silva de Lima, D. C. de Toni, Norma Machado da Silva","doi":"10.5007/2175-7925.2020.e75366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2020.e75366","url":null,"abstract":"Alleles that cause resistance to pesticides may also result in host physiological cost, as they can impair phenotypes such as reproduction and survival. However, works have described that in some arthropods mechanisms that mitigate the physiological cost have also been selected. This review covers a survey of the fitness attenuating mechanisms reported in the literature that can contribute to the maintenance of resistance in arthropods. Searches were made in the Pubmed and Scopus databases, from October 2019 to January 2020, to find references related to the topic, using combinations of key words, the Boolean operator AND, as well as inclusion and exclusion criteria. Sixty-one scientific articles were obtained, which were selected from the title and abstract. Different attenuation mechanisms were found and were classified into nine categories according to the mechanism of action described in the article. The Diptera Order was the most addressed in the articles (24 articles), represented mainly by the Culicidae family mosquitoes (17 articles). Gene duplication, mainly of acetylcholinesterase genes, was the mechanism most found (14 articles), and the one with the greatest variety of species in which it occurs (eight species from three Orders, including insects and arachnids).","PeriodicalId":29999,"journal":{"name":"Biotemas","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5007/2175-7925.2020.e75366","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45999283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-09DOI: 10.5007/2175-7925.2020.e74455
Camila Naumann Pereira, B. F. Nunes, Edison Sanfelice André
Sleep disorders are highly prevalent in patients with fibromyalgia. Many of the daytime symptoms, such as excessive sleepiness and fatigue, can be related to non-restorative sleep patterns and associated with the typical pain conditions of the disease. In this context, we aim to study the possible correlations between the sleep-wake cycle and pain behavior in an animal model of fibromyalgia induced by repeated injections of reserpine. Male and female adult Wistar rats received chronic implants to record EEG and EMG activity. Injections of reserpine produced increases in the response to mechanical stimulation detected using the von Frey test. The reserpine treated rats showed increased incidence of the behavioral states of the sleep-wake cycle with concomitant reduction in the respective durations, showing fragmentation of the cycle. Additionally, the presence of aberrant behaviors was observed in these animals accompanied by notable electroencephalographic changes when compared to control animals. Also noteworthy are changes in specific frequency bands of the EEG corresponding to attentive wakefulness and slow-wave sleep states. Based on these findings, it is possible to infer that the reserpine model of fibromyalgia can be a useful model for this disease in humans.
{"title":"Investigação das correlações existentes entre o ciclo vigília-sono e a dor num modelo experimental de fibromialgia","authors":"Camila Naumann Pereira, B. F. Nunes, Edison Sanfelice André","doi":"10.5007/2175-7925.2020.e74455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2020.e74455","url":null,"abstract":"Sleep disorders are highly prevalent in patients with fibromyalgia. Many of the daytime symptoms, such as excessive sleepiness and fatigue, can be related to non-restorative sleep patterns and associated with the typical pain conditions of the disease. In this context, we aim to study the possible correlations between the sleep-wake cycle and pain behavior in an animal model of fibromyalgia induced by repeated injections of reserpine. Male and female adult Wistar rats received chronic implants to record EEG and EMG activity. Injections of reserpine produced increases in the response to mechanical stimulation detected using the von Frey test. The reserpine treated rats showed increased incidence of the behavioral states of the sleep-wake cycle with concomitant reduction in the respective durations, showing fragmentation of the cycle. Additionally, the presence of aberrant behaviors was observed in these animals accompanied by notable electroencephalographic changes when compared to control animals. Also noteworthy are changes in specific frequency bands of the EEG corresponding to attentive wakefulness and slow-wave sleep states. Based on these findings, it is possible to infer that the reserpine model of fibromyalgia can be a useful model for this disease in humans.","PeriodicalId":29999,"journal":{"name":"Biotemas","volume":"33 1","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45503971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-28DOI: 10.5007/2175-7925.2020.E71915
I. Costa, Natália Nunes
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a estrategia reprodutiva de Serrapinnus notomelas em igarapes da bacia do rio Machado, sudoeste da Amazonia. As coletas foram realizadas no periodo de abril de 2015 a marco de 2016 em dois igarapes, utilizando rede de cerco e redes de mao ao longo de um trecho de 50 m do igarape. Foram coletados 122 individuos, sendo 38 machos e 84 femeas (proporcao-sexual; 2 femeas: 1 macho). O tamanho dos individuos variou de 1,7 a 4,0 cm, nao havendo diferencas entre o comprimento medio de machos e femeas (U = 1406,5; df = 121; p = 0,29). O tamanho da primeira reproducao para femeas foi de 2,6 cm e dos machos, 3,6 cm. A desova foi caracterizada como sendo do tipo total e a estacao reprodutiva da especie ocorreu no periodo chuvoso. Esses resultados preenchem lacunas cientificas referentes a biologia de especies de pequeno porte de igarapes amazonicos.
{"title":"Aspectos reprodutivos de Serrapinnus notomelas (Characiformes: Cheirodontinae) em igarapés da bacia do rio Machado, sudoeste Amazônico","authors":"I. Costa, Natália Nunes","doi":"10.5007/2175-7925.2020.E71915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2020.E71915","url":null,"abstract":"O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a estrategia reprodutiva de Serrapinnus notomelas em igarapes da bacia do rio Machado, sudoeste da Amazonia. As coletas foram realizadas no periodo de abril de 2015 a marco de 2016 em dois igarapes, utilizando rede de cerco e redes de mao ao longo de um trecho de 50 m do igarape. Foram coletados 122 individuos, sendo 38 machos e 84 femeas (proporcao-sexual; 2 femeas: 1 macho). O tamanho dos individuos variou de 1,7 a 4,0 cm, nao havendo diferencas entre o comprimento medio de machos e femeas (U = 1406,5; df = 121; p = 0,29). O tamanho da primeira reproducao para femeas foi de 2,6 cm e dos machos, 3,6 cm. A desova foi caracterizada como sendo do tipo total e a estacao reprodutiva da especie ocorreu no periodo chuvoso. Esses resultados preenchem lacunas cientificas referentes a biologia de especies de pequeno porte de igarapes amazonicos.","PeriodicalId":29999,"journal":{"name":"Biotemas","volume":"33 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43172387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-28DOI: 10.5007/2175-7925.2020.E72010
Denise Costa Rebouças Lauton, A. Protázio, Jacileide Santos Silva Lima, T. V. D. Oliveira
Enrichment techniques make captive environments more interesting and pleasant for animals, aiding their welfare and preventing the development of abnormal behaviors. In this study, we evaluated the influence of distinct enrichment techniques on the behavior of two captive spider monkeys, Ateles paniscus, in the Parque Zoobotânico Getulio Vargas, Salvador municipality, Brazil. The study was divided into five phases: control, sensory enrichment, social enrichment, feeding enrichment, and post-enrichment. We used the focal-animal sampling technique to record the individuals’ behavior. We compared the frequency of the behavioral acts shown in the enrichment phases with those of the control phase. The frequency of manipulation of the object placed in the enclosure during the sensory and feeding phases was also compared. Overall, no significant changes were observed in the behavioral repertoire of individuals, except during the feeding enrichment phase of the male individual. There were also no significant differences in use of enrichment objects. However, the results showed the influence of an enriched environment on the frequency of the individuals’ behavioral acts. Perhaps the enclosure conditions and the flow of visitors may have had some negative influence that did not allow for a more effective reduction in abnormal behaviors.
{"title":"Influence of environmental enrichment on the behavior of captive Ateles paniscus (Primates: Atelidae) in the Parque Zoobotânico Getúlio Vargas, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil","authors":"Denise Costa Rebouças Lauton, A. Protázio, Jacileide Santos Silva Lima, T. V. D. Oliveira","doi":"10.5007/2175-7925.2020.E72010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2020.E72010","url":null,"abstract":"Enrichment techniques make captive environments more interesting and pleasant for animals, aiding their welfare and preventing the development of abnormal behaviors. In this study, we evaluated the influence of distinct enrichment techniques on the behavior of two captive spider monkeys, Ateles paniscus, in the Parque Zoobotânico Getulio Vargas, Salvador municipality, Brazil. The study was divided into five phases: control, sensory enrichment, social enrichment, feeding enrichment, and post-enrichment. We used the focal-animal sampling technique to record the individuals’ behavior. We compared the frequency of the behavioral acts shown in the enrichment phases with those of the control phase. The frequency of manipulation of the object placed in the enclosure during the sensory and feeding phases was also compared. Overall, no significant changes were observed in the behavioral repertoire of individuals, except during the feeding enrichment phase of the male individual. There were also no significant differences in use of enrichment objects. However, the results showed the influence of an enriched environment on the frequency of the individuals’ behavioral acts. Perhaps the enclosure conditions and the flow of visitors may have had some negative influence that did not allow for a more effective reduction in abnormal behaviors.","PeriodicalId":29999,"journal":{"name":"Biotemas","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42811224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-28DOI: 10.5007/2175-7925.2020.E70246
J. Rosa, L. L. Batista
In hypersaline environments the zooplankton community is generally poor in density and richness, even so these organisms are fundamental to the base of the local food chain. This study aims to evaluate the spatial and temporal variation of the zooplankton community of Araruama Lagoon, considering the abiotic data of salinity and temperature as well as the biotic data of zooplankton density and composition. Six samples were performed in 12 collection stations from horizontal surface halls with 200 μm mesh nets with a 60 cm diameter opening and an attached flowmeter. A total of 34 holoplanktonic taxa and five groups of meroplankton were identified. In relation to the spatial and temporal variation of the zooplankton of the lagoon, the parameters evaluated showed significant results for both factors. The variations also showed greater richness, diversity and density of species in the collection stations closer to the sea, where salinity was lower. There was a predominance of holoplankton during the study, differing from the results previously found in the 90’s.
{"title":"Spatial and temporal variability of the zooplankton community at Araruama Lagoon","authors":"J. Rosa, L. L. Batista","doi":"10.5007/2175-7925.2020.E70246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2020.E70246","url":null,"abstract":"In hypersaline environments the zooplankton community is generally poor in density and richness, even so these organisms are fundamental to the base of the local food chain. This study aims to evaluate the spatial and temporal variation of the zooplankton community of Araruama Lagoon, considering the abiotic data of salinity and temperature as well as the biotic data of zooplankton density and composition. Six samples were performed in 12 collection stations from horizontal surface halls with 200 μm mesh nets with a 60 cm diameter opening and an attached flowmeter. A total of 34 holoplanktonic taxa and five groups of meroplankton were identified. In relation to the spatial and temporal variation of the zooplankton of the lagoon, the parameters evaluated showed significant results for both factors. The variations also showed greater richness, diversity and density of species in the collection stations closer to the sea, where salinity was lower. There was a predominance of holoplankton during the study, differing from the results previously found in the 90’s.","PeriodicalId":29999,"journal":{"name":"Biotemas","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48114392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-28DOI: 10.5007/2175-7925.2020.E72695
J. A. Teston, M. Freitas, A. Conceição, D. M. P. Valente
Este estudo avaliou a fauna Arctiini do Parque Nacional da Amazônia (Pará, Brasil), coletada em quatro expedições, entre 11 a 15 de julho e 02 a 06 de outubro de 2013 (estação seca), e entre 01 a 05 de março e 25 a 29 de junho de 2014 (estação chuvosa). Armadilhas luminosas foram usadas uma noite em cada local de amostragem (SS) das 18h às 6h do dia seguinte. Os parâmetros avaliados foram: riqueza (S), abundância (N), índices de diversidade (H’) e uniformidade (E’) de Shannon e, dominância de Berger-Parker (BP). A riqueza foi estimada usando os métodos não paramétricos “Chao1, Chao2, ACE, ICE, Jackknife1, Jackknife2 e Bootstrap”. Foram capturados 804 espécimes pertencentes a 190 espécies de Arctiini; 22 dessas são novos registros para o estado do Pará e, destes, quatro são novos para a Amazônia brasileira. Os estimadores de riqueza e a curva de acumulação de espécies indicaram a necessidade de maiores esforços de amostragem na área.
{"title":"Arctiini Leach, [1815] (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) of the Amazônia National Park, Pará, Brazil","authors":"J. A. Teston, M. Freitas, A. Conceição, D. M. P. Valente","doi":"10.5007/2175-7925.2020.E72695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2020.E72695","url":null,"abstract":"Este estudo avaliou a fauna Arctiini do Parque Nacional da Amazônia (Pará, Brasil), coletada em quatro expedições, entre 11 a 15 de julho e 02 a 06 de outubro de 2013 (estação seca), e entre 01 a 05 de março e 25 a 29 de junho de 2014 (estação chuvosa). Armadilhas luminosas foram usadas uma noite em cada local de amostragem (SS) das 18h às 6h do dia seguinte. Os parâmetros avaliados foram: riqueza (S), abundância (N), índices de diversidade (H’) e uniformidade (E’) de Shannon e, dominância de Berger-Parker (BP). A riqueza foi estimada usando os métodos não paramétricos “Chao1, Chao2, ACE, ICE, Jackknife1, Jackknife2 e Bootstrap”. Foram capturados 804 espécimes pertencentes a 190 espécies de Arctiini; 22 dessas são novos registros para o estado do Pará e, destes, quatro são novos para a Amazônia brasileira. Os estimadores de riqueza e a curva de acumulação de espécies indicaram a necessidade de maiores esforços de amostragem na área.","PeriodicalId":29999,"journal":{"name":"Biotemas","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49496772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-28DOI: 10.5007/2175-7925.2020.E71919
A.S.G. Costa, L. Ázara, M. Clemente, Marcos Magalhães de Souza
There are few studies of opiliones (Arachnida) catalogs in many ecosystems and Brazilian states. In this regard, the aim of this study was to catalog the harvestmen fauna in a Seasonal Semidecidual Forest in the south of Minas Gerais. The study was conducted in 14 municipalities in the south of the State of Minas Gerais in fragments of a Seasonal Semidecidual Forest from March/2017 to April/2019. 34 morphospecies were registered, including four unknown morphospecies to science, Tricommatinae sp.1, Anoplogynus sp.1 and sp.2, and Liogonyleptoides sp.1. Similarities in the Opiliones fauna are low within the comparative studies, which reflect on the high rates of endemism, as has been discussed in other studies. The area is relevant to the Opiliones fauna in the state of Minas Gerais, which justifies the creation of conservation units in order to ensure the protection of this natural heritage.
{"title":"Opiliofauna (Arachnida, Opiliones) of the seasonal semidecidual forest of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil","authors":"A.S.G. Costa, L. Ázara, M. Clemente, Marcos Magalhães de Souza","doi":"10.5007/2175-7925.2020.E71919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2020.E71919","url":null,"abstract":"There are few studies of opiliones (Arachnida) catalogs in many ecosystems and Brazilian states. In this regard, the aim of this study was to catalog the harvestmen fauna in a Seasonal Semidecidual Forest in the south of Minas Gerais. The study was conducted in 14 municipalities in the south of the State of Minas Gerais in fragments of a Seasonal Semidecidual Forest from March/2017 to April/2019. 34 morphospecies were registered, including four unknown morphospecies to science, Tricommatinae sp.1, Anoplogynus sp.1 and sp.2, and Liogonyleptoides sp.1. Similarities in the Opiliones fauna are low within the comparative studies, which reflect on the high rates of endemism, as has been discussed in other studies. The area is relevant to the Opiliones fauna in the state of Minas Gerais, which justifies the creation of conservation units in order to ensure the protection of this natural heritage.","PeriodicalId":29999,"journal":{"name":"Biotemas","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45785229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-28DOI: 10.5007/2175-7925.2020.E71943
Bruna Panosso, G. B. Ceolin
Effective identification of plant species is fundamental for a better understanding of natural regeneration. However, classical taxonomic methods largely rely on reproductive structures, which are frequently absent in juvenile individuals. To overcome this difficulty, several approaches may be applied, a good example being external anatomy of the leaf epidermis (hereafter micro-morphology). Therefore, the aim of this paper was to test whether the former cited trait can provide suitable distinctive characters for identification of tree species seedlings in general. We chose six common species from the Southern Brazil Seasonal Forest to proceed with our tests, from which we collected two to four leaves of randomly selected seedlings (five replicates/species). We, then, printed leaf epidermis on a microscope slide with instant adhesive and analyzed for diagnostic features. Our analyses showed that several anatomical characteristics of the leaf surface are distinct enough to allow a correct species identification, such as the shape of the anti-clinal walls of epidermal cells, the shape of stomata, and the presence/absence of glands and cuticle. Hence, the conclusion of this study is that leaf epidermal anatomy can be used as a source of diagnostic characteristics to correctly identify the seedlings of forest species.
{"title":"Using leaf micromorphology as a tool for identifying tree seedlings: a proof of concept using a fast technique","authors":"Bruna Panosso, G. B. Ceolin","doi":"10.5007/2175-7925.2020.E71943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2020.E71943","url":null,"abstract":"Effective identification of plant species is fundamental for a better understanding of natural regeneration. However, classical taxonomic methods largely rely on reproductive structures, which are frequently absent in juvenile individuals. To overcome this difficulty, several approaches may be applied, a good example being external anatomy of the leaf epidermis (hereafter micro-morphology). Therefore, the aim of this paper was to test whether the former cited trait can provide suitable distinctive characters for identification of tree species seedlings in general. We chose six common species from the Southern Brazil Seasonal Forest to proceed with our tests, from which we collected two to four leaves of randomly selected seedlings (five replicates/species). We, then, printed leaf epidermis on a microscope slide with instant adhesive and analyzed for diagnostic features. Our analyses showed that several anatomical characteristics of the leaf surface are distinct enough to allow a correct species identification, such as the shape of the anti-clinal walls of epidermal cells, the shape of stomata, and the presence/absence of glands and cuticle. Hence, the conclusion of this study is that leaf epidermal anatomy can be used as a source of diagnostic characteristics to correctly identify the seedlings of forest species.","PeriodicalId":29999,"journal":{"name":"Biotemas","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42080703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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