ACS Applied Bio Materials最新文献

Objective: The aim of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy of conservative interventions in pain relief in patients with intracapsular temporomandibular disorders (TMD).

Methods: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were systematically searched until January 1^st, 2022 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) presenting patients with diagnosis of intracapsular TMD according to the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD), conservative approaches as interventions, and pain intensity as outcome.

Results: Out of 3372 papers, 13 RCTs were included, with 844 study participants. Most of them (n = 7) investigated the efficacy of splint appliance. Meta-analysis revealed that rehabilitative interventions had a significant overall effect size of 0.75 [0.17, 1.34], reporting splint appliance and laser therapy as significantly effective treatments.

Conclusion: Findings of this systematic review with network meta-analysis suggested that conservative approaches might be effective in pain relief of intracapsular TMD patients.

Objective: Class III malocclusion is characterized by a loss of vertical dimension associated with muscle imbalance. The present study was designed to determine electromyographic amplitude changes in temporal (T) and masseter (M) at rest and during clenching in Class III patients treated with an intraoral device (IOD) over a 24-hour period for 30 days with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS).

Methods: Twelve patients with Class III (mean age 27.7 ± 1.2 years) were treated with TENS and IOD. Ten untreated patients composed the control group. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon test and ANOVA.

Results: Patients treated with TENS and IOD showed a marked decrease in hyperactivity of M and T at rest (p = 0.001) and an increase during clenching (p = 0.001). The control group maintained similar activity in both positions.

Conclusion: This study confirms that using TENS and IOD in patients improves muscle activity of T and M.

Objective: To investigate the effects of long-term mask use on temporomandibular pain, headache, and fatigue during the COVID-19 pandemic period via a survey.

Methods: The survey was sent online, and symptoms associated with mask use, perception of mask discomfort, temporomandibular dysfunction, fatigue, headache, and trigger points of temporomandibular joint were evaluated.

Results: For the study, 909 people were screened. Head, neck, face, throat, ear, and jaw pain, cheek tension, teeth clamping, acne, mask trace, palpitation, and voice and sleep disorders were different between groups (p < 0.05). The individuals' temporomandibular dysfunction and fatigue were different between groups (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Long-term mask use can cause many symptoms, such as headache, jaw pain, and fatigue. Furthermore, increased mask-wearing time can trigger all these symptoms. The authors recommend relaxing breaks and exercises for neck, jaw, and face muscles along with the use of appropriate masks to minimize negative symptoms.

Objective: To compare patients' complaints, clinician's examination findings, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings by considering gender.

Methods: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain, difficulty in mouth opening, masseter tenderness, deviation, clicking sound, bruxism, restriction, normal occlusion and normal mouth opening symptoms, and findings of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) patients who came to the author's outpatient clinic were recorded. These recordings were compared with MRI.

Results: In the study, symptoms, signs, and MRIs of 276 TMD patients were analyzed, including gender. No difference was observed in terms of symptoms, signs, or MRI results for either gender. MRI findings were correlated with restriction and normal mouth opening in both groups (p < 0.05). Normal MRI findings were observed in 52.5% of the MRI results.

Conclusion: Except for normal mouth opening and limitation, MRI findings did not provide a significant result. Therefore, careful detection of symptoms and signs rather than MRI helps in diagnosis.

Objective: To describe a cross-sectional study of TMJ dislocation in a Brazilian level-one trauma center.

Methods: The data were collected and analyzed from electronic medical records in a period from 2013 to 2020.

Results: Bilateral TMJ dislocation occurred in the majority of cases, being reduced by the Nélaton maneuver associated with Barton's bandage. The average time between the dislocation and specialist appointment was 30.69 hours. Elderly patients were associated with an increased number of recurrent dislocations (p = 0.03). Furthermore, a longer dislocation time was associated with the reduction under intravenous (IV) sedation (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: The literature is still scarce concerning demographic data, treatment modalities, and follow-up. More studies are necessary to better understand TMJ dislocation management.

Antimicrobial lipid nanoparticles composed of monoglycerides offer a promising strategy to inhibit membrane-enveloped viral and bacterial pathogens. However, previous efforts mainly focused on fabricating nanoparticles from long-chain monoglycerides, which lack intrinsic antimicrobial activity but contribute to nanoparticle stability and structural integrity. In contrast, shorter-chain monoglycerides often exhibit potent antimicrobial effects but do not self-assemble into colloidally stable nanoparticles and lose efficacy upon dilution. To overcome these limitations and incorporate antimicrobial monoglycerides into a stable nanoparticle configuration, we report a solvent-free microfluidic fabrication strategy that combines the functional characteristics of different monoglycerides to prepare interfacially active, monoglyceride-based nanoparticles with mixed compositions that display potent antibacterial activity. Unlike conventional microfluidic mixing methods that rely on volatile organic solvents, our approach utilizes pharmaceutical-grade materials and does not require organic solvent removal, hence eliminating the need for a dialysis step postfabrication. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential measurements verified that the fabricated nanoparticles had ∼250-350 nm diameters and exhibited high colloidal stability whereas the antibacterial activity of the nanoparticles against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria depended strongly on the nanoparticle composition. Nanoparticles composed of glycerol monooleate alone were inactive, while the inclusion of glycerol monolaurate slightly enhanced antibacterial activity. Surprisingly, the further addition of glycerol monobehenate or glycerol dibehenate─previously considered inactive structural components that are used to improve nanoparticle cohesion─boosted antibacterial potency by up to 270-fold. Biophysical experiments showed that nanoparticle compositions with greater antibacterial activity induced more pronounced membrane disruption, as observed in quartz crystal microbalance-dissipation and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements. These findings demonstrate that combining different monoglycerides can significantly enhance the antibacterial activity of lipid-based nanoparticles and underscore the potential of membrane biophysics approaches to guide performance optimization, highlighting the capability to tune membrane-disruptive properties in physiologically relevant pH conditions.

Objective: The effects of adenoid hypertrophy (AH) and adenoidectomy on maximal bite force (MBF) in patients were evaluated by comparing them with healthy controls.

Methods: A total of 118 children diagnosed with AH and undergoing adenoidectomy (Group A), and healthy controls (Group B) were included. The MBF and nasopharyngeal airway passage distance (NAPD) were recorded.

Results: There was a correlation between NAPD and MBF at the beginning of the study (r = -0.675 and p < 0.001). The initial mean MBF of Groups A and B were 318.37 ± 70.76 N and 344.04 ± 64.14 N, respectively (p = 0.041). However, there was no significant difference between the groups due to the increase in the MBF of Group A at 12 months (p = 0.165).

Conclusion: The MBF may be negatively affected in proportion to decreased NAPD, and it could also be an indicator for monitoring the status of children with AH.

Objective: To identify factors affecting condylar bone changes following surgical-orthodontic treatment.

Methods: A total of 200 patients with dentofacial deformities were classified into skeletal Classes I, II, and skeletal Class III groups consisting of 61 and 139 subjects, respectively. Temporomandibular joints (TMJs) were evaluated using clinical findings and computed tomography images before treatment, immediately before surgery, and 6 months after surgery.

Results: Condylar bone changes occurred at a significantly higher rate after surgery in both groups. Factors related to condylar bone changes following surgical-orthodontic treatment included skeletal Class I or II, disc displacement, and condylar bone changes before treatment. There were three cases with condylar bone changes after surgery that were diagnosed with condylar resorption and skeletal Class II and anterior disc displacement before surgery.

Conclusion: Condylar resorption could occur when the load on the condyle increases after orthognathic surgery and exceeds the permissible limit.

Mineralized collagen fibrils are the building blocks of bone, and the mineralization of collagen fibrils is generally regulated by noncollagenous proteins (NCPs). However, the functions of NCPs are difficult to investigate in vivo. Here, we use poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) with different molecular weights (5, 50, 450, and 4000 kDa) as analogs of NCPs and explore their effects on collagen mineralization in vitro. All the PAA molecules can promote the intrafibrillar mineralization of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) following these steps: the precursors infiltrate the gap zones of collagen, and transform into organized calcite nanocrystals within collagen. An increase in molecular weight significantly accelerates the mineralization rate of collagen films, approximately 0.67 μm min^-1 at 4000 kDa, four times that of 5 kDa (0.16 μm min^-1). However, the generation of contractile stress via intrafibrillar mineralization in tendons exhibits a contrary tendency. It reaches 24.2 MPa at 5 kDa, much higher than that of 4000 kDa (8.3 MPa), due to rapid mineralization causing severe extrafibrillar precipitation around the tendon. The controllable mineralization of collagen matrices may inspire the development of bone repair and regeneration in the future.

Patients and healthcare systems face significant social and financial challenges due to the increasing number of individuals with chronic external and internal wounds that fail to heal. The complexity of the healing process remains a serious health concern, despite the effectiveness of conventional wound dressings in promoting healing. Recent advancements in materials science and fabrication techniques have led to the development of innovative dressings that enhance wound healing. To further expedite the healing process, novel approaches such as nanoparticles, 3D-printed wound dressings, and biomolecule-infused dressings have emerged, along with cell-based methods. Additionally, gene therapy technologies are being harnessed to generate stem cell derivatives that are more functional, selective, and responsive than their natural counterparts. This review highlights the significant potential of biomaterials, nanoparticles, 3D bioprinting, and gene- and cell-based therapies in wound healing. However, it also underscores the necessity for further research to address the existing challenges and integrate these strategies into standard clinical practice.