Pub Date : 2021-12-14DOI: 10.1109/ICASE54940.2021.9904042
Danial Ahmed Mir
The present paper discusses the trade-offs between classical and modern controllers by designing a pitch hold autopilot for of yak54. Autopilots decreases the workload of pilots, making the flight more reliable and efficient. A pitch controller is initially designed using a classical technique, where root locus and Bode plots are studied to design a suitable feedback controller. Linear quadratic integrator (LQI), with a stable inner loop, is also synthesized to control the pitch attitude of yak54 using tools available in MATLAB. The classical and modern controllers are compared, and trade-offs of the designed controllers are discussed, supported with simulation results obtained via MATLAB.
{"title":"Modern and Classical Pitch Control for Yak54","authors":"Danial Ahmed Mir","doi":"10.1109/ICASE54940.2021.9904042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASE54940.2021.9904042","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper discusses the trade-offs between classical and modern controllers by designing a pitch hold autopilot for of yak54. Autopilots decreases the workload of pilots, making the flight more reliable and efficient. A pitch controller is initially designed using a classical technique, where root locus and Bode plots are studied to design a suitable feedback controller. Linear quadratic integrator (LQI), with a stable inner loop, is also synthesized to control the pitch attitude of yak54 using tools available in MATLAB. The classical and modern controllers are compared, and trade-offs of the designed controllers are discussed, supported with simulation results obtained via MATLAB.","PeriodicalId":300328,"journal":{"name":"2021 Seventh International Conference on Aerospace Science and Engineering (ICASE)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128151511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-14DOI: 10.1109/ICASE54940.2021.9904145
Ali Hanif, Muhammad Muaz
Demand for radar automatic target recognition is ever increasing owing to the extensive employment of radar sensors in urban scenarios and a drastic increase in the number of radar targets, especially drones and UAVs. Micro-Doppler signatures, resulting from the micro-motion dynamics of targets, have emerged as a key distinctive feature for radar automatic target recognition. This paper addresses the problem of radar target recognition based on deep learning and micro-Doppler signatures of targets. The choice of MobileNetV2 deep Convolutional Neural Network based classification on spectrogram images of the targets, has made the system more suitable for system implementation on embedded devices such as Raspberry Pi. Second important contribution of this paper is the augmentation of an extensive and diverse training dataset having five classes ultimately, for the testing of radar automatic target recognition, since few such datasets are available in the open literature. The dataset is developed using a W-band Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave radar. After training the model on the diverse training dataset, validation and test accuracies of 98.67% and 99% respectively, are achieved.
{"title":"Deep Learning Based Radar Target Classification Using Micro-Doppler Features","authors":"Ali Hanif, Muhammad Muaz","doi":"10.1109/ICASE54940.2021.9904145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASE54940.2021.9904145","url":null,"abstract":"Demand for radar automatic target recognition is ever increasing owing to the extensive employment of radar sensors in urban scenarios and a drastic increase in the number of radar targets, especially drones and UAVs. Micro-Doppler signatures, resulting from the micro-motion dynamics of targets, have emerged as a key distinctive feature for radar automatic target recognition. This paper addresses the problem of radar target recognition based on deep learning and micro-Doppler signatures of targets. The choice of MobileNetV2 deep Convolutional Neural Network based classification on spectrogram images of the targets, has made the system more suitable for system implementation on embedded devices such as Raspberry Pi. Second important contribution of this paper is the augmentation of an extensive and diverse training dataset having five classes ultimately, for the testing of radar automatic target recognition, since few such datasets are available in the open literature. The dataset is developed using a W-band Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave radar. After training the model on the diverse training dataset, validation and test accuracies of 98.67% and 99% respectively, are achieved.","PeriodicalId":300328,"journal":{"name":"2021 Seventh International Conference on Aerospace Science and Engineering (ICASE)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133220649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-14DOI: 10.1109/ICASE54940.2021.9904277
Muhammad Aitessam Ahmed
Speech recognition is the emerging technology in the field of artificial intelligence, as humans find easier to communicate and express their ideas via speech. Many state-of-the-art speech recognition systems have been designed in recent years after the innovation of GPUs, however, these cannot perform well in real-time on low-power processors. Therefore, this paper shows the development of an intelligent deep learning-based speech processing algorithm that was implemented on a quadcopter for simplifying the process of UAV control. The developed algorithm can also be used for other applications after integration with other systems such as automated data entry in ATMs and vending machines, home/office automation, speech-controlled vehicle navigation, and wheelchair operation. At first raw speech signals were converted to 2D spectrograms and then passed to the Convolutional Neural Network. ImageNet based pre-trained ResNet50 model was fine-tuned for the used audio dataset that required minimal feature and model design. After training using cloud GPU on Kaggle notebook, the model achieved the state of art results with 97.1% training accuracy and 96.45% validation accuracy. Then weights of the model were saved and algorithmic program was coded on python using Keras library backend with Tensorflow and an optimized algorithm was implemented on Jetson Nano for real-time transmission on the quadcopter. Speech commands were sent to the quadcopter for its real-time flights and it maneuvered successfully in a guided direction.
{"title":"Design and Development of Audio Processing and Speech Recognition Algorithm","authors":"Muhammad Aitessam Ahmed","doi":"10.1109/ICASE54940.2021.9904277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASE54940.2021.9904277","url":null,"abstract":"Speech recognition is the emerging technology in the field of artificial intelligence, as humans find easier to communicate and express their ideas via speech. Many state-of-the-art speech recognition systems have been designed in recent years after the innovation of GPUs, however, these cannot perform well in real-time on low-power processors. Therefore, this paper shows the development of an intelligent deep learning-based speech processing algorithm that was implemented on a quadcopter for simplifying the process of UAV control. The developed algorithm can also be used for other applications after integration with other systems such as automated data entry in ATMs and vending machines, home/office automation, speech-controlled vehicle navigation, and wheelchair operation. At first raw speech signals were converted to 2D spectrograms and then passed to the Convolutional Neural Network. ImageNet based pre-trained ResNet50 model was fine-tuned for the used audio dataset that required minimal feature and model design. After training using cloud GPU on Kaggle notebook, the model achieved the state of art results with 97.1% training accuracy and 96.45% validation accuracy. Then weights of the model were saved and algorithmic program was coded on python using Keras library backend with Tensorflow and an optimized algorithm was implemented on Jetson Nano for real-time transmission on the quadcopter. Speech commands were sent to the quadcopter for its real-time flights and it maneuvered successfully in a guided direction.","PeriodicalId":300328,"journal":{"name":"2021 Seventh International Conference on Aerospace Science and Engineering (ICASE)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130298275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-14DOI: 10.1109/ICASE54940.2021.9904180
Muzamil Ali, Muhammad Dawood Bashir, G. Hussain, R. Ullah, M. Faisal
One of the fundamental steps in the applications of science and technology is the measurement of physical quantities involved in those applications. The measurement of these physical quantities is, however, not always trivial. In the applications such as the calibration of femto-satellites, and micro-plasma thrusters for future space exploration missions of NASA and other technological giants, where very precise attitude and position control is required, the measurement is a key issue to be addressed. One of such applications is a low-cost thrust measurement system. This paper presents the design and development of such a system, capable of successfully measuring the thrust of magnitude less than 20 μN by utilizing the principles of optical interference. The micro newtons pulse of a short duration is applied using an electromagnetic thruster setup on the tip of a pendulum. The pendulum subsequently performs the oscillations, and then an optical interferometer is used to precisely measure the deflection of the pendulum. The maximum deflection is then calibrated to obtain the applied thrust. The pendulum is designed based on optimal geometric parameters for maximum deflection of the pendulum tip for a response of thrust lasting for 100 milliseconds. For experimental validation, the interference signal is obtained in high resolution oscilloscope, which is subsequently processed to find the precise deflection of the pendulum and thus the precise thrust. The device successfully measures a minimum thrust of 18.44 μN. The precision is restricted due to environmental conditions and is not the limitation of the device itself.
{"title":"Design and Development of a High Precision Thrust Measurement System","authors":"Muzamil Ali, Muhammad Dawood Bashir, G. Hussain, R. Ullah, M. Faisal","doi":"10.1109/ICASE54940.2021.9904180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASE54940.2021.9904180","url":null,"abstract":"One of the fundamental steps in the applications of science and technology is the measurement of physical quantities involved in those applications. The measurement of these physical quantities is, however, not always trivial. In the applications such as the calibration of femto-satellites, and micro-plasma thrusters for future space exploration missions of NASA and other technological giants, where very precise attitude and position control is required, the measurement is a key issue to be addressed. One of such applications is a low-cost thrust measurement system. This paper presents the design and development of such a system, capable of successfully measuring the thrust of magnitude less than 20 μN by utilizing the principles of optical interference. The micro newtons pulse of a short duration is applied using an electromagnetic thruster setup on the tip of a pendulum. The pendulum subsequently performs the oscillations, and then an optical interferometer is used to precisely measure the deflection of the pendulum. The maximum deflection is then calibrated to obtain the applied thrust. The pendulum is designed based on optimal geometric parameters for maximum deflection of the pendulum tip for a response of thrust lasting for 100 milliseconds. For experimental validation, the interference signal is obtained in high resolution oscilloscope, which is subsequently processed to find the precise deflection of the pendulum and thus the precise thrust. The device successfully measures a minimum thrust of 18.44 μN. The precision is restricted due to environmental conditions and is not the limitation of the device itself.","PeriodicalId":300328,"journal":{"name":"2021 Seventh International Conference on Aerospace Science and Engineering (ICASE)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127145147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-14DOI: 10.1109/ICASE54940.2021.9904250
Nadia Jabeen, W. Qazi
During the summer (southwest) monsoon (SWM), the Arabian Sea’s surface circulation is clockwise, and heavy upwelling happens along the coasts of Oman and Somalia, resulting in high chlorophyll productivity which forms a thin biogenic slick over the sea surface. Satellite remote sensing observations of these features through optical and infrared wavelengths are confined to low resolution, and are observed to have data gaps due to cloud cover and dust storms. Space-borne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) offers nearly all-weather day-night observation capabilities at a higher resolution. In this study, Advanced Land Observation Satellite (ALOS)-1/2 Phased Array L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (PALSAR) datasets are used for the detection and extraction of physical oceanographic features of temperature fronts in the Arabian Sea during Southwest monsoon season (SWM). More than 100 HH-polarized ALOS PALSAR 1/2 images for the years 2007, 2010, 2014, and 2015 were acquired from JAXA during Southwest monsoon season. These datasets were pre-processed and Canny edge detection was implemented to extract temperature frontal features. For further analysis of the results, three length scales for the fronts are chosen by selecting length threshold according to the ocean dynamics of the study area. A few cases of the detected fronts are then validated against MODIS SST imagery. Validation shows that fronts of greater length are validated but some fronts of smaller length are not validated because of unavailability of data at their corresponding locations and also due to low spatial resolution of SST images.
{"title":"Detection of Thermal Fronts in the Arabian sea through SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) imagery","authors":"Nadia Jabeen, W. Qazi","doi":"10.1109/ICASE54940.2021.9904250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASE54940.2021.9904250","url":null,"abstract":"During the summer (southwest) monsoon (SWM), the Arabian Sea’s surface circulation is clockwise, and heavy upwelling happens along the coasts of Oman and Somalia, resulting in high chlorophyll productivity which forms a thin biogenic slick over the sea surface. Satellite remote sensing observations of these features through optical and infrared wavelengths are confined to low resolution, and are observed to have data gaps due to cloud cover and dust storms. Space-borne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) offers nearly all-weather day-night observation capabilities at a higher resolution. In this study, Advanced Land Observation Satellite (ALOS)-1/2 Phased Array L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (PALSAR) datasets are used for the detection and extraction of physical oceanographic features of temperature fronts in the Arabian Sea during Southwest monsoon season (SWM). More than 100 HH-polarized ALOS PALSAR 1/2 images for the years 2007, 2010, 2014, and 2015 were acquired from JAXA during Southwest monsoon season. These datasets were pre-processed and Canny edge detection was implemented to extract temperature frontal features. For further analysis of the results, three length scales for the fronts are chosen by selecting length threshold according to the ocean dynamics of the study area. A few cases of the detected fronts are then validated against MODIS SST imagery. Validation shows that fronts of greater length are validated but some fronts of smaller length are not validated because of unavailability of data at their corresponding locations and also due to low spatial resolution of SST images.","PeriodicalId":300328,"journal":{"name":"2021 Seventh International Conference on Aerospace Science and Engineering (ICASE)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124354650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-14DOI: 10.1109/ICASE54940.2021.9904199
Faaiz Ahmed Jeelani, N. Naqvi, U. Ahmed, D. Amin, Amir Faizan Malik
In order to facilitate the research and development paradigm of the country, national centers are envisioned and developed under the patronage of Higher Education Commission and Planning Commission of Pakistan. These centers are consortium of laboratories developed at various HEIs working in a targeted domain. Some of these centers have been in existence for the last three years and are near the completion of their project duration. To further establish the need of such centers in other targeted domains, it is reasonable to consider their contribution towards the sustainable development of the nation in context of United Nation Sustainable Development Goals. This study will be conducted using the qualitative as well as quantitative research methodologies on the data collected from semi-structured surveys in the domains of outreach, engagement, awareness, technical innovation, and human resource development. The survey is conducted for the targeted audience of the members affiliated with the subject centers and is then further analyzed using the Rochester’s Institute of Technology’s design thinking methodology. It is observed that the centers play a vital role in the outreach, engagement, and the awareness domains. Further work is required to be carried out in the additional domains to create long lasting impact in the context of UN SDGs.
{"title":"The Role of National Centers in Sustainable Development of Pakistan","authors":"Faaiz Ahmed Jeelani, N. Naqvi, U. Ahmed, D. Amin, Amir Faizan Malik","doi":"10.1109/ICASE54940.2021.9904199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASE54940.2021.9904199","url":null,"abstract":"In order to facilitate the research and development paradigm of the country, national centers are envisioned and developed under the patronage of Higher Education Commission and Planning Commission of Pakistan. These centers are consortium of laboratories developed at various HEIs working in a targeted domain. Some of these centers have been in existence for the last three years and are near the completion of their project duration. To further establish the need of such centers in other targeted domains, it is reasonable to consider their contribution towards the sustainable development of the nation in context of United Nation Sustainable Development Goals. This study will be conducted using the qualitative as well as quantitative research methodologies on the data collected from semi-structured surveys in the domains of outreach, engagement, awareness, technical innovation, and human resource development. The survey is conducted for the targeted audience of the members affiliated with the subject centers and is then further analyzed using the Rochester’s Institute of Technology’s design thinking methodology. It is observed that the centers play a vital role in the outreach, engagement, and the awareness domains. Further work is required to be carried out in the additional domains to create long lasting impact in the context of UN SDGs.","PeriodicalId":300328,"journal":{"name":"2021 Seventh International Conference on Aerospace Science and Engineering (ICASE)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116723382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-14DOI: 10.1109/ICASE54940.2021.9904083
Faaiz Ahmed Jeelani, N. Naqvi, U. Ahmed, Danial Amin, Amir Faizan Malik
Creating space awareness and outreach is a crucial step on the path to establishing a space country. Fundamental to the overall dynamics of a space nation is the requirement for a space-themed awareness and outreach campaign. Various sectors of society have a key role in promoting space awareness among the general population. Public-private collaborations have a crucial role in the creation of major impacts across several sectors. In this context, the influence of various public-private partnerships on the promotion of space awareness and education is examined. Evaluation of public-private collaborations is based on their contribution to the establishment of space awareness and outreach. Using qualitative and quantitative examination of the roles in the areas of planning, development, execution, and implementation, the function of public-private partnerships is evaluated. This function is contrasted with private-public collaborations in the energy industry, water sanitation, telecommunications, and education, among others. According to the studies undertaken, public-private partnerships have enormous potential for harvesting the benefits of space technology. There is significant opportunity for growth in this area, which may be achieved by forming more targeted and goal-oriented collaborations.
{"title":"Role of Private-Public Partnerships in Creation of Space Awareness and Outreach in Pakistan","authors":"Faaiz Ahmed Jeelani, N. Naqvi, U. Ahmed, Danial Amin, Amir Faizan Malik","doi":"10.1109/ICASE54940.2021.9904083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASE54940.2021.9904083","url":null,"abstract":"Creating space awareness and outreach is a crucial step on the path to establishing a space country. Fundamental to the overall dynamics of a space nation is the requirement for a space-themed awareness and outreach campaign. Various sectors of society have a key role in promoting space awareness among the general population. Public-private collaborations have a crucial role in the creation of major impacts across several sectors. In this context, the influence of various public-private partnerships on the promotion of space awareness and education is examined. Evaluation of public-private collaborations is based on their contribution to the establishment of space awareness and outreach. Using qualitative and quantitative examination of the roles in the areas of planning, development, execution, and implementation, the function of public-private partnerships is evaluated. This function is contrasted with private-public collaborations in the energy industry, water sanitation, telecommunications, and education, among others. According to the studies undertaken, public-private partnerships have enormous potential for harvesting the benefits of space technology. There is significant opportunity for growth in this area, which may be achieved by forming more targeted and goal-oriented collaborations.","PeriodicalId":300328,"journal":{"name":"2021 Seventh International Conference on Aerospace Science and Engineering (ICASE)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126239841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-14DOI: 10.1109/ICASE54940.2021.9904039
Zohaib Altaf, Arslan Ali, S. Salamat
Doubly offset serpentine diffusers have gained popularity in the compact design configurations of modern stealth fighters and UAVs with highly integrated propulsion systems into the airframe. In this research, the design space of a doubly offset serpentine diffuser is explored and the numerical optimization of its shape variables is achieved using response surface methodology to maximize total pressure recovery at the Aerodynamic Interface Plane between the engine and inlet. The stream-wise and transverse pressure gradients in the baseline diffuser are controlled using area distribution and centerline distribution equations respectively. The original geometry is perturbed using three control points distributed uniformly along the centerline and the central composite design has been used to select a pool of candidate designs. A steady-state flow solution has been achieved using governing Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equations applied through the general-purpose computational analysis tool ANSYS Fluent. A response surface is constructed out of the training data by fitting quadratic polynomials to the pressure recovery coefficients. The optimal diffuser design is found using a standard optimization algorithm from the response surface approximations. The optimized shape encompasses potential improvement in the total pressure recovery by 1.1% as compared to the baseline geometry. Results reveal that diffuser performance is a complex function of its geometric shape and any slight change in its shape variables may lead to significant performance degradation.
{"title":"Aerodynamic Shape Optimization of Doubly Offset Serpentine Diffuser using Response Surface Methodology","authors":"Zohaib Altaf, Arslan Ali, S. Salamat","doi":"10.1109/ICASE54940.2021.9904039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASE54940.2021.9904039","url":null,"abstract":"Doubly offset serpentine diffusers have gained popularity in the compact design configurations of modern stealth fighters and UAVs with highly integrated propulsion systems into the airframe. In this research, the design space of a doubly offset serpentine diffuser is explored and the numerical optimization of its shape variables is achieved using response surface methodology to maximize total pressure recovery at the Aerodynamic Interface Plane between the engine and inlet. The stream-wise and transverse pressure gradients in the baseline diffuser are controlled using area distribution and centerline distribution equations respectively. The original geometry is perturbed using three control points distributed uniformly along the centerline and the central composite design has been used to select a pool of candidate designs. A steady-state flow solution has been achieved using governing Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes equations applied through the general-purpose computational analysis tool ANSYS Fluent. A response surface is constructed out of the training data by fitting quadratic polynomials to the pressure recovery coefficients. The optimal diffuser design is found using a standard optimization algorithm from the response surface approximations. The optimized shape encompasses potential improvement in the total pressure recovery by 1.1% as compared to the baseline geometry. Results reveal that diffuser performance is a complex function of its geometric shape and any slight change in its shape variables may lead to significant performance degradation.","PeriodicalId":300328,"journal":{"name":"2021 Seventh International Conference on Aerospace Science and Engineering (ICASE)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127757398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-14DOI: 10.1109/ICASE54940.2021.9904154
M. T. Khan, Munawar Shah
The geomagnetic storms cause severe threat to the performance of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and other satellites and it is also vulnerable to everything on the Earth. Similarly, ionosphere is dedicated to low down the arrival of different plasma parameters from the Sun, including CME (Coronal Mass Ejections) and solar flares. The aim of this work is to study the ionospheric responses to large geomagnetic storm (Kp > 8) throughout the whole world to study the different ionospheric variations. For this purpose, data from GNSS, and Swarm satellites have been studied for the storm time ionospheric responses. We have analyzed the storm during March 16–29, 2015, and during this storm, we have checked the different ionospheric parameters. The ionospheric variations studied in multiple stations of Asia, Africa, Australia, America and Europe by the analysis of TEC (Total Electron Content) over globe and ionospheric response through the analysis of Swarm satellites. In this work, an explanatory analysis is presented from GNSS and Swarm satellites data and found the possible storm time variations in ionosphere during the storm initial and main phases. Strong positive storm time variations found in stations of Asia (KIT3, SOLA, IISC), Africa (AREQ, YKRO, NKLG) and, America (CHPI, IQQE, RIOP) continents, respectively. This analysis can aid to correct the ionospheric scintillations during geomagnetic storms of different intensities.
{"title":"Storm Time Ionospheric Variations from GNSS TEC and Swarm Satellites","authors":"M. T. Khan, Munawar Shah","doi":"10.1109/ICASE54940.2021.9904154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASE54940.2021.9904154","url":null,"abstract":"The geomagnetic storms cause severe threat to the performance of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and other satellites and it is also vulnerable to everything on the Earth. Similarly, ionosphere is dedicated to low down the arrival of different plasma parameters from the Sun, including CME (Coronal Mass Ejections) and solar flares. The aim of this work is to study the ionospheric responses to large geomagnetic storm (Kp > 8) throughout the whole world to study the different ionospheric variations. For this purpose, data from GNSS, and Swarm satellites have been studied for the storm time ionospheric responses. We have analyzed the storm during March 16–29, 2015, and during this storm, we have checked the different ionospheric parameters. The ionospheric variations studied in multiple stations of Asia, Africa, Australia, America and Europe by the analysis of TEC (Total Electron Content) over globe and ionospheric response through the analysis of Swarm satellites. In this work, an explanatory analysis is presented from GNSS and Swarm satellites data and found the possible storm time variations in ionosphere during the storm initial and main phases. Strong positive storm time variations found in stations of Asia (KIT3, SOLA, IISC), Africa (AREQ, YKRO, NKLG) and, America (CHPI, IQQE, RIOP) continents, respectively. This analysis can aid to correct the ionospheric scintillations during geomagnetic storms of different intensities.","PeriodicalId":300328,"journal":{"name":"2021 Seventh International Conference on Aerospace Science and Engineering (ICASE)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129252453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-14DOI: 10.1109/ICASE54940.2021.9904038
Sadia Azhar, Syed Irtiza Ali Shah
Vibratory bowl feeders are required in industrial automation for the correct orientation of feed parts. These are considered to be efficient machines that are cheap and effective. The biggest disadvantage of the traditional vibratory bowl feeder is its inability to adapt to new designs, shapes, and orientations of the feed parts. Traditional vibratory bowl feeders are very inflexible and can work with only one orientation of the part. Although vibratory bowl feeders are considered to be traditional devices, these are now very much modernized and have adapted to diversified industrial needs. Robotic arms are also often used along with the cameras to orient the parts. However, with the employment of robots comes a high cost, extensive maintenance requirements, and complexity in the assembly line. So a viable solution is to use the best features of both machines, i.e. while keeping the cheap effective, and efficient qualities of a traditional vibratory bowl feeder, alter it to adapt to the changing part shapes and assembly lines. By doing so we can use the same vibratory bowl feeder for various orientations of components and in various assembly lines. This would eliminate the need for redesigning the vibratory bowl feeder with the orientation of each component, with which the assembly line is not only expensive but also time-consuming. By using this technique, we can orient almost any part, which is being fed to the feeder with the traditional vibratory feeder, without the use of fancy equipment or robots, just by altering and modernizing the traditional vibratory feeder. This would make the traditional vibratory bowl feeder, a device that is very flexible and can adapt to the changing feed, solving many problems. We can thus alter an already available system, to become versatile and adaptable, in numerous assembly lines for different parts, with very little alteration to the already existing systems. This research analyses the response of a vibratory bowl feeder under no external force, step input, and a sinusoidal input. The vibratory bowl feeder is modeled as a simple two degrees of freedom spring-mass-damper system and observed under the given inputs. The system is modeled as a case of base excitation, which is the case of a vibratory bowl feeder, as the input is applied to the system by the base. The results are validated by response graphs, which show the behavior and motion of the system under a specific input. Optimization suggestions are given by analyzing the results and behavior of the system.
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