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Upper Elementary Students Creatively Learn Scientific Features of Animal Skulls by Making Movable Books 小学生通过制作活页书,创造性地学习动物头骨的科学特征
Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.21977/D911119621
Julie L. Klein, Phyllis Gray, Ksenia Zhbanova, Audrey C. Rule
Arts integration in science has benefits of increasing student engagement and understanding. Lessons focusing on form and function of animal skulls provide an effective example of how handicrafts integrated with science instruction motivate students and support learning. The study involved students ages 9-12 during a week-long summer day camp. Students applied animal skull concepts of eye positions of predators and prey, relative eye sizes of nocturnal animals compared to tunnel-dwellers, shapes and functions of different types of teeth, and terminology and functions of different bones, openings, and structures of animal skulls in making moveable book pages. These pages featured pop-up constructions, a lift-the-flap page, and a turning wheel behind cut-out windows in a page to convey the skull concepts. Additional creativity was incorporated through making a three-dimensional cover related to the Mexican Day of the Dead with skulls made from pieces of recycled plastic bottles, drawing figural-transformations, and creating animal skull models from household or discarded materials. The lessons included classification of images of skull features on cards and examination of realistic animal skull models. Pretest-posttest science content results indicated large gains with a very large effect size; attitude surveys and student work showed high motivation and creativity.
艺术与科学的结合有利于提高学生的参与度和理解力。以动物头骨的形式和功能为重点的课程提供了一个有效的例子,说明手工艺品如何与科学教学相结合,激励学生并支持学习。这项研究涉及9-12岁的学生参加为期一周的夏令营。学生们运用动物头骨的概念,包括捕食者和猎物的眼睛位置、夜间活动动物与隧道动物的相对眼睛大小、不同类型牙齿的形状和功能、不同骨骼的术语和功能、动物头骨的开口和结构,来制作可移动的书页。这些页面的特点是弹出式结构,掀开翻盖的页面,以及在页面中切割出的窗口后面的转轮,以传达头骨的概念。另外的创意还包括制作一个与墨西哥亡灵节相关的三维封面,用回收的塑料瓶碎片制作头骨,绘制人物变换,用家庭或丢弃的材料制作动物头骨模型。课程包括卡片上头骨特征的图像分类和现实动物头骨模型的检查。前测后测的科学内容结果显示了很大的增益,效应量非常大;态度调查和学生作业显示出较高的积极性和创造性。
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引用次数: 7
"I'm a Writer. But I'm an Artist, Too. Look at My Artist's Notebook": Developing Voice through Art and Language. “我是个作家。但我也是个艺术家。看我的艺术家笔记本:通过艺术和语言发展声音。
Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.21977/D911112204
S. Leigh
Author(s): Leigh, S. Rebecca | Abstract: This paper examines how elementary children develop voice in a classroom where art and language have equal import from four different contexts: group, guided, table, and independent shares. Specifically, this paper highlights one child in particular: Rebecca, a writer who discovers art as a way of knowing and develops a greater appreciation for her love of writing. My dissertation study took place in a second grade classroom, a ripe context to study a multimodal approach to learning, since many modes of knowing often lose their status (e.g., art) to more privileged ones (e.g., language) as learners progress in the elementary grades. This article investigates how one child develops voice through art and language and serves as an exemplar of how multiple ways of knowing and contexts in which to learn can positively influence children’s sense of self as artist, writer, and meaning maker.
摘要:本文从小组、引导、餐桌和独立分享四种不同的情境,考察了在艺术和语言同等重要的课堂中,小学生如何发展声音。具体来说,这篇文章特别强调了一个孩子:丽贝卡,一个作家,她发现艺术是一种认识的方式,并为她对写作的热爱培养了更多的欣赏。我的论文研究是在一个二年级的教室里进行的,这是一个研究多模式学习方法的成熟环境,因为随着学习者在小学阶段的进步,许多学习模式(如艺术)往往会失去其地位,而让位于更优越的模式(如语言)。这篇文章调查了一个孩子是如何通过艺术和语言来发展声音的,并作为一个例子,说明多种学习方式和学习环境如何积极影响孩子作为艺术家、作家和意义创造者的自我意识。
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引用次数: 8
Education through Movies: Improving Teaching Skills and Fostering Reflection among Students and Teachers. 电影教育:提高教学技巧,促进师生反思。
Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.21977/D911122357
P. G. Blasco, G. Moreto, M. Blasco, M. Levites, M. A. Janaudis
Learning through aesthetics—in which cinema is included—stimulates learner reflection. As emotions play key roles in learning attitudes and changing behavior, teachers must impact learners affective domain. Since feelings exist before concepts, the affective path is a critical path to the rational process of learning. Cinema is the audiovisual version of storytelling. It enhances emotions and therefore sets up the foundation for conveying concepts. Movie experiences act like emotional memories for developing attitudes and keeping them as reflective reference in the daily activities and events. To foster reflection is the main goal in this cinematic teaching set. The purpose is not to show the audience how to incorporate a particular attitude, but rather to promote their reflection and to provide a forum for discussion. In this paper, the authors relate their experiences in cinematic teaching, particularly the effectiveness of the movie-clip methodology, in which multiple movie clips are shown in rapid sequence, along with facilitator comments while the clips are shown. The movie clip method can improve faculty teaching and stimulate their professional growth. Teachers seldom think about themselves and usually lack the time to disclose their feelings. However, they use their own emotions in teaching, so learning proper methods to address their affective side is a complementary way to improve their communication with students. This methodology offers a special environment for fostering open-hearted discussions, helps teachers improve their self-knowledge, and develop closer relationships with colleagues and students through the affective domain. In this paper the authors want to share the methodology and a summary of their experiences in teaching. Although the authors’ field is mostly medical education they have also had some cinematic teaching experience with other audiences, and consequently they want to share with a extensive community of educators. An Appendix is included at the end, with a collection of movie scenes the authors frequently use in medical education.
通过美学学习——其中包括电影——激发学习者的反思。由于情绪在学习态度和行为改变中起着关键作用,教师必须影响学习者的情感领域。由于感觉先于概念而存在,情感路径是理性学习过程的关键路径。电影是讲故事的视听版本。它增强了情感,从而为传达概念奠定了基础。电影体验就像情感记忆一样,可以培养态度,并将其作为日常活动和事件的反思参考。培养学生的反思能力是本电影教学的主要目标。其目的不是向观众展示如何融入特定的态度,而是促进他们的反思,并提供一个讨论的论坛。在本文中,作者介绍了他们在电影教学中的经验,特别是电影剪辑方法的有效性,在这种方法中,多个电影剪辑以快速顺序播放,并在播放剪辑时提供引导者的评论。影片剪辑法可以提高教师的教学质量,促进教师的专业成长。教师很少考虑自己,通常也缺乏时间来表达自己的感受。然而,他们在教学中会使用自己的情感,因此学习适当的方法来解决他们的情感方面是提高他们与学生沟通的一种补充方式。这种方法提供了一个特殊的环境来促进开放的讨论,帮助教师提高他们的自我认识,并通过情感领域与同事和学生建立更密切的关系。在本文中,作者想要分享的方法和总结自己的教学经验。虽然作者的领域主要是医学教育,但他们也有一些与其他观众的电影教学经验,因此他们希望与广泛的教育工作者社区分享。最后附有附录,收集了作者在医学教育中经常使用的电影场景。
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引用次数: 42
A River Runs through It: Art, Geology and Life on the Upper Mississippi. 一条河流穿过它:密西西比河上游的艺术、地质和生活。
Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.21977/D911120880
Lynette K. Henderson
Author(s): Henderson, Lynette K | Abstract: This article presents a pilot interdisciplinary project for middle-school students including visual literacy, studio art, English-language literacy, geology and the study of indigenous groups.[i] The location of the pilot was in the upper Midwest, along the Mississippi river bluffs of St. Paul, Minnesota. English-as-a-Second Language (ESL) students from a Title I school joined a six week summer program, where they examined the banks and bluffs of the Mississippi river, effigy mound sites, and made visits to the Science Museum of Minnesota and the Minneapolis Institute of Art. This curriculum investigates ‘place’ and effects of time, with the intent to increase students’ knowledge of local history, and their placement within the socio-cultural context of a river-city. Students took digital photographs, created mixed-media art, conducted computer research and wrote about their experiences. Teachers agreed that this combination of learning strategies was a rich interdisciplinary experience for students. This article describes the various components and resources for such interdisciplinary curriculum, with emphasis on skill-building, knowledge acquisition and exploring connections.[i] This project was funded by a grant from the National Art Education Foundation (NAEF).
摘要:本文介绍了一个面向中学生的跨学科试点项目,包括视觉素养、工作室艺术、英语素养、地质学和土著群体研究。飞行员的位置在中西部上游,沿着明尼苏达州圣保罗市的密西西比河悬崖。以英语为第二语言(ESL)的学生参加了一个为期六周的暑期项目,在那里他们考察了密西西比河的河岸和悬崖,雕像堆遗址,并参观了明尼苏达科学博物馆和明尼阿波利斯艺术学院。本课程研究“地点”和时间的影响,旨在增加学生对当地历史的了解,以及他们在河流城市的社会文化背景下的位置。学生们拍摄数码照片,创作混合媒体艺术,进行计算机研究,并写下他们的经历。教师们一致认为,这种学习策略的结合对学生来说是一次丰富的跨学科体验。本文描述了这种跨学科课程的各种组成部分和资源,重点是技能建设、知识获取和探索联系。[1]本项目由国家艺术教育基金会资助。
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引用次数: 1
Learning through the Arts in Denmark: A Positive Psychology Qualitative Approach. 丹麦的艺术学习:一种积极心理学定性方法。
Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.21977/D911115962
Tatiana Chemi
This article disseminates the results of a qualitative, case-based study carried on in Danish schools in 2008-2011. Results show that learning outputs can be seen as more than academic achievement, and the arts’ contribution to learning can be viewed as more than the ancillary support of academic performance. Learning within an artful mindset implies a broader view on school learning, for the key reason that art offers many optimal opportunities for formal, mediated, meaningful and material learning. The main empiric and theoretical issue explored in this article is the experience of positive emotions and cognitive intensity within the artistic activities in school projects and its consequences for individuals’ learning, development and well-being.
本文传播了2008-2011年在丹麦学校进行的定性案例研究的结果。研究结果表明,学习产出不仅仅是学业成就,艺术对学习的贡献也不仅仅是学业成绩的辅助支持。以艺术的心态学习意味着对学校学习有更广泛的看法,因为艺术为正式的、中介的、有意义的和物质的学习提供了许多最佳机会。本文探讨的主要实证和理论问题是学校项目艺术活动中积极情绪和认知强度的体验及其对个人学习、发展和福祉的影响。
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引用次数: 2
What Predicts Pre-Service Teacher Use of Arts-Based Pedagogies in the Classroom? An Analysis of the Beliefs, Values, and Attitudes of Pre-Service Teachers. 什么预测职前教师在课堂上使用艺术教学法?职前教师的信仰、价值观与态度分析。
Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.21977/D911119691
B. Lee, S. Cawthon
Arts-based pedagogies have a positive, significant impact on various student academic-related outcomes. University teacher preparation programs may want to consider pre-service teacher beliefs, values, and attitudes toward arts-based pedagogies in order to better support teacher growth in using these arts-based approaches. In this study, we administered the Teaching with the Arts survey to 160 pre-service teachers. Results from the survey suggest that pre-service teachers value the arts; however, this was not related to their plans for future use of arts in the classroom. Pre-service teachers’ perceptions of personal creativity and ability to overcome systemic constraints were highly predictive of plans for future use. Implications for policy and practice are included.
以艺术为基础的教学法对学生的各种学术相关成果有积极的、显著的影响。大学教师预备课程可能需要考虑职前教师的信仰、价值观和对艺术教学法的态度,以便更好地支持教师在使用这些艺术教学法时的成长。在本研究中,我们对160名职前教师进行了艺术教学调查。调查结果表明,职前教师重视艺术;然而,这与他们未来在课堂上使用艺术的计划无关。职前教师对个人创造力和克服系统约束的能力的看法对未来使用的计划具有高度的预测性。包括对政策和实践的影响。
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引用次数: 13
Theme-Based Courses Foster Student Learning and Promote Comfort with Learning New Material. 以主题为基础的课程促进学生的学习,并促进学习新材料的舒适度。
Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.21977/D911121722
Lisa M. Tessier, Jack T. Tessier
In this article, we review the literature about theme-based teaching, then report quantitative and qualitative results from surveys from three different courses: one section of a100-level in-person art course; five sections of 300-level on-line art courses; and one section of a 100-level in-person biology course at SUNY Delhi with applied themes (“food,” “healthcare,” and “beer” respectively) in teaching and learning. Our results indicate that embedding themes across an entire course can be a successful way to improve student perceptions of their learning and comfort with learning about new subjects. These data expand current gaps in the literature with respect to the measured benefits for students of adopting themes in college teaching and learning. They will be useful to teachers considering the use of themes in their courses and to anyone looking for a way to help students relate to the disciplines in their courses.
在本文中,我们回顾了关于主题教学的文献,然后报告了对三个不同课程的定量和定性调查结果:100级面对面艺术课程的一部分;300级在线艺术课程五个部分;以及新德里州立大学(SUNY Delhi) 100级面对面生物学课程的一个部分,该课程以教学和学习中的应用主题(分别是“食品”、“医疗保健”和“啤酒”)为主题。我们的研究结果表明,在整个课程中嵌入主题是一种成功的方法,可以提高学生对学习的认识,并使他们对学习新科目感到舒适。这些数据扩大了目前文献中关于在大学教学和学习中采用主题对学生的测量效益的差距。对于考虑在课程中使用主题的教师和任何寻找方法帮助学生与课程中的学科联系起来的人来说,它们都是有用的。
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引用次数: 12
A Variety of Approaches to Studying the Value and Implementation of Arts Education 研究艺术教育价值与实施的多种途径
Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.21977/D911129659
K. Burge
In this introduction to the issue, the editor summarizes the content and comments on the significance of the information provided therein.
在这个问题的介绍中,编辑总结了内容并对其中提供的信息的意义进行了评论。
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引用次数: 0
Pilot Study on Kindergarten Teachers' Perception of Linguistic and Musical Challenges in Nursery Rhymes. 幼儿园教师对童谣语言和音乐挑战感知的初步研究。
Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.21977/D911112856
Pascal Lefebvre, Jonathan Bolduc, Christel Pirkenne
Author(s): Lefebvre, Pascal; Bolduc, Jonathan; Pirkenne, Christel | Abstract: Nursery rhymes provide a unique learning context for preschoolers in regard to their emergent literacy and musical development. According to Vygotsky’s social constructivist theory (1978), in order for learning to occur, children must face challenges, and adults must provide support to guide them toward mastery of new skills. The current pilot study began with the aim of documenting teachers’ reactions to nursery rhymes in relation to their level of difficulty. Eighty-eight kindergarten teachers were asked to use the new nursery rhymes in their classrooms. Then, they were asked fill out a questionnaire to document their reactions and their ratings of the linguistic and musical difficulty. Teachers’ reactions were measured by their overall impression of the nursery rhymes, their perception of pupils’ enjoyment of the nursery rhymes and the time they spent using these nursery rhymes in their classrooms. The results revealed that the teachers tended to have a better impression of the nursery rhymes, perceive their pupils’ enjoyment of the nursery rhymes as more positive, and spend more time on those nursery rhymes judged the easiest in regard to their vocabulary and their rhythm. According to Ezell and Justice (2005), by putting more emphasis on easier nursery rhymes, teachers might target only what children have already mastered, leaving less opportunity for new emergent literacy and music skills to develop. The results point to the necessity of improving educators’ training in regard to the use of nursery rhymes by focusing on the educational opportunities provided by linguistic and musical challenges in nursery rhymes, an important starting point for explicit instruction and scaffolding (Bruner, 1983).
作者:列斐伏尔、帕斯卡;乔纳森Bolduc;摘要:儿歌为学龄前儿童的新兴读写能力和音乐发展提供了独特的学习环境。根据维果茨基的社会建构主义理论(1978),为了学习的发生,儿童必须面对挑战,成人必须提供支持,引导他们掌握新技能。目前的试点研究的目的是记录教师对童谣的反应与他们的难度水平之间的关系。88名幼儿园教师被要求在他们的教室里使用新的童谣。然后,他们被要求填写一份调查问卷,记录他们的反应以及他们对语言和音乐难度的评分。教师的反应是通过他们对童谣的总体印象、他们对学生对童谣的喜爱程度的看法以及他们在教室里使用这些童谣的时间来衡量的。结果显示,教师往往对童谣有更好的印象,认为学生对童谣的享受更积极,并花更多的时间在那些在词汇和节奏方面被认为最容易的童谣上。根据Ezell和Justice(2005)的说法,通过更多地强调简单的童谣,教师可能只针对孩子们已经掌握的内容,从而减少了新出现的读写和音乐技能发展的机会。研究结果表明,有必要通过关注童谣中语言和音乐挑战所提供的教育机会来改善教育工作者在使用童谣方面的培训,这是明确指导和脚手架的重要起点(Bruner, 1983)。
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引用次数: 0
Transforming Teaching through Arts Integration 通过艺术整合改造教学
Pub Date : 2014-12-17 DOI: 10.21977/D910119308
L. Snyder, P. Klos, Lauren Grey-Hawkins
Author(s): Snyder, Lori; Klos, Patricial; Grey-Hawkins, Lauren | Abstract: Transforming Teaching through Arts IntegrationAI Implementation Results: Middle School Reform through Effective Arts Integration Professional Development In four years, Anne Arundel County Public Schools (AACPS) increased sixth and seventh grade student achievement on the Maryland State Assessment (MSA) by 20% at Bates Middle School, a low performing school that had been targeted for restructuring by the state. This improvement positively correlates with the implementation of the arts integration Supporting Arts Integrated Learning for Student Success (SAILSS) model funded through the Arts in Education Model Development and Dissemination (AEMDD) grant. This model, offered to teachers across all content areas, incorporates extensive professional development opportunities including: an intensive weeklong workshop for teachers with artists followed by a two-week teaching lab with students; participation in an cohort to achieve an arts integration post-baccalaureate certificate,; and extensive trainings, conferences and workshops at local, regional, and national schools, museums, arts institutes, and higher education facilities. Qualitative and quantitative data collected by AACPS was assessed through a quasi-experimental design from the treatment and comparison schools utilizing the following instrumentation: state and local standardized testing, School-level Environment Questionnaire (SLEQ), Arts Integration: Classroom Observations for Middle Schools (AICOM), arts integration logs and parent, student, and teacher surveys. Through this study we found that in addition to increasing student achievement on statewide assessments, implementing this arts integration model positively correlates with a 77% decline in discipline referrals, and overall positive change in school climate based on teacher, staff, student, and parent perception.
作者:Snyder, Lori;绝,Patricial;摘要:通过艺术整合转变教学实施结果:通过有效的艺术整合专业发展进行中学改革。在四年的时间里,安妮·艾伦德尔县公立学校(AACPS)将贝茨中学(Bates Middle School)六年级和七年级学生在马里兰州评估(MSA)中的成绩提高了20%。贝茨中学是一所表现不佳的学校,曾被州政府列为重组目标。这种改善与艺术整合支持艺术综合学习促进学生成功(SAILSS)模式的实施呈正相关,该模式由艺术教育模式发展和传播(AEMDD)资助。该模式提供给所有内容领域的教师,包含广泛的专业发展机会,包括:教师与艺术家进行为期一周的密集研讨会,然后与学生进行为期两周的教学实验室;参加一个队列,以获得艺术综合学士学位后证书;在地方、地区和国家学校、博物馆、艺术学院和高等教育机构进行广泛的培训、会议和讲习班。AACPS收集的定性和定量数据通过准实验设计从处理学校和比较学校收集,利用以下工具进行评估:州和地方标准化测试,学校环境问卷(SLEQ),艺术融合:中学课堂观察(AICOM),艺术融合日志和家长,学生和教师调查。通过这项研究,我们发现,除了提高学生在全州评估中的成绩外,实施这种艺术整合模式与纪律转介率下降77%呈正相关,并且基于教师,员工,学生和家长的看法,学校氛围总体上发生了积极变化。
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引用次数: 11
期刊
Journal for Learning through the Arts
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