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An Innovation Value Chain in Project Based Companies: A Study of Indonesian Contractors 项目型企业的创新价值链:对印尼承包商的研究
Pub Date : 2020-10-06 DOI: 10.9744/CED.22.2.98-104
H. Setiawan, F. Raharjo, A. Han
Innovation is one of the key success factors of contractors to achieve sustainable business. However, studies about innovation cannot be generalized to all business sectors. Therefore, special study about innovation that focuses on contractors in Indonesia is needed. The study is aimed to explore the process of innovation development in contractors, based on innovation value chain (IVC) approach. The qualitative analysis on the data that is collected from in depth interview with top managers of big contractors in Indonesia is carried out. This study found that innovations are generated mainly by project teams because they are involved directly in the project activities. The next phase is to test the idea of innovation in the selected projects in order to assess whether the innovation works well or not. Finally, the selected innovations will be set as a company standard and will be implemented in the subsequent projects.
创新是承包商实现可持续经营的关键成功因素之一。然而,关于创新的研究不能推广到所有的商业部门。因此,需要对印度尼西亚的承包商进行专门的创新研究。本研究旨在探讨基于创新价值链的承包商创新发展过程。对印尼大型承包商高层管理人员的深度访谈数据进行了定性分析。这项研究发现,创新主要由项目团队产生,因为他们直接参与了项目活动。下一阶段是在选定的项目中测试创新理念,以评估创新是否有效。最后,选定的创新将被设定为公司标准,并将在后续项目中实施。
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引用次数: 0
Improving Seismic Performance of Structure with Semi-rigid floor using VSL-Gensui Damper 用vsl -源水阻尼器改善半刚性楼板结构的抗震性能
Pub Date : 2020-10-06 DOI: 10.9744/CED.22.2.74-80
P. Pudjisuryadi, A. Halim, Alexander Keith Kandiawan, B. Lumantarna
Deficient structures can be strengthened using various methods, and installing damper devices is one of such methods. In this study, effectiveness of Vorspann System Losinger (VSL) Gensui Damper to improve structural performance of deficient building with semi-rigid floors is investigated. The considered building is subjected to spectrum consistent ground accelerations generated from El Centro 18 May 1940 earthquake N-S and E-W components in accordance to Indonesian Seismic Code (SNI 1726:2012) for Mataram City. Modified Simplified Sequential Search Algorithm (MSSSA) and Optimum Damper Allocation Method (ODAM) methods are used to efficiently placed the dampers on the building until allowable drift limits specified by the code are met. Results show that installation of VSL Gensui Dampers can effectively reduce structural drifts. Further, it should be noted that the placement of dampers must be well distributed among frames in the same story, since their drifts may differ significantly in building with semi-rigid floors.
缺陷结构的加固方法多种多样,安装阻尼装置就是其中一种方法。本文研究了Vorspann系统减振器(VSL)源水阻尼器对半刚性楼板缺陷建筑结构性能的改善效果。考虑的建筑受到1940年5月18日El Centro地震N-S和E-W分量产生的频谱一致的地面加速度,根据印度尼西亚地震规范(SNI 1726:2012)为马塔兰市。采用改进的简化顺序搜索算法(MSSSA)和优化阻尼器分配方法(ODAM)有效地将阻尼器放置在建筑物上,直到满足规范规定的允许漂移限制。结果表明,安装VSL源水阻尼器可以有效地减少结构漂移。此外,应该注意的是,阻尼器的位置必须在同一层的框架之间均匀分布,因为它们的漂移在半刚性地板的建筑中可能会有很大的不同。
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引用次数: 0
Numerical Model for High Relative Capacity of Tensegrity Cable Domes 预应力索穹顶高相对承载力的数值模型
Pub Date : 2020-05-19 DOI: 10.9744/ced.22.1.29-36
N. Logzit, K. Kebiche
The tensegrity cable domes are a type of structures composed of compressed bars and tensioned cables. They are characterized by an exceptional innovation in terms of lightness. Research in this area is booming towards multiple applications. In the absence of an approach linking design by dimensioning, this article aims to propose a procedure for verifying the design while seeking a better lightness of the structure. The article uses the novelty of the methods applied for this kind of structure, using the hypothesis of geometric nonlinearity, to find the best solution, verifying all the sizing criteria. Through an example of a simple cables dome, we have shown the feasibility of this approach. The shape of the triangles forming the basis of design, have a direct relationship on the relative capacity, this last has been significantly improved, This method can easily be applied to other examples of more complex cables domes.
张拉整体索穹顶是一种由压杆和张拉索组成的结构形式。它们的特点是在轻盈度方面有着非凡的创新。这一领域的研究正朝着多种应用的方向蓬勃发展。在缺乏通过尺寸标注连接设计的方法的情况下,本文旨在提出一种验证设计的程序,同时寻求更好的结构轻盈度。本文利用适用于这种结构的方法的新颖性,利用几何非线性假设,找到最佳解,验证了所有的尺寸标准。通过一个简单的索穹顶实例,我们展示了这种方法的可行性。三角形的形状构成了设计的基础,与相对承载力有着直接的关系,这最后得到了显著的改进,这种方法可以很容易地应用于其他更复杂的索穹顶实例。
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引用次数: 1
Study on Graphite Powder as Conductive Pigments for Impressed Current Cathodic Protection System using Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Anode 石墨粉作为碳纤维增强聚合物阳极外加电流阴极保护系统导电颜料的研究
Pub Date : 2019-10-18 DOI: 10.9744/ced.21.2.84-88
G. Wijaya, David Pratama Lays, Hongky Haodiwidjaya Tanto, D. Tjandra
The use of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP), for both strengthening material and anode for Impressed Current Cathodic Protection (ICCP) system, is being investigated.  The focus of this study is to develop the epoxy that has good bond strength and electrical conductivity. Graphite powder is used as conductive pigments with percentage ranges from 7.5% to 17.5%.  All specimens were partially submerged in 5% NaCl solution and induced with electrical current of 10 mA/m2 and 20 mA/m2 for 30 days. An average potential increase of 200 mV was recorded using half cell potential test. The application of 30 days ICCP up to current density of 20 mA/m2 did not affect the bond strength significantly and still complies with ACI recommendation. However, graphite content of more than 15% are found to be not workable and the bond strength is greatly reduced to less than 1 MPa This study concluded that the recommended graphite powder content shall be in the range of 10% to 15%.
研究了碳纤维增强聚合物(CFRP)作为外加电流阴极保护(ICCP)系统的增强材料和阳极的应用。本研究的重点是开发具有良好结合强度和导电性的环氧树脂。石墨粉末用作导电颜料,其百分比范围为7.5%至17.5%。所有样品部分浸入5%NaCl溶液中,并用10mA/m2和20mA/m2的电流诱导30天。使用半电池电位测试记录200mV的平均电位增加。施加30天的ICCP直到20mA/m2的电流密度没有显著影响结合强度,并且仍然符合ACI的建议。然而,发现石墨含量超过15%是不可行的,粘结强度大大降低到低于1MPa。该研究得出结论,建议的石墨粉末含量应在10%至15%的范围内。
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引用次数: 0
Seismic Vulnerability Maps of Ratu Agung District, Bengkulu City, Indonesia 印度尼西亚明古鲁市Ratu Agung区地震易损性图
Pub Date : 2019-10-18 DOI: 10.9744/ced.21.2.97-106
L. Z. Mase
During the 8.6 Mw Bengkulu-Mentawai Earthquake Ratu Agung District was identified as an impacted area. This paper aims to deliver the seismic vulnerability based on geophysical observation. This study was initiated by performing the ambient noise measurement to obtain the geophysical characteristic, such as amplification and predominant frequency. Furthermore, the vulnerability index analysis was performed from the geophysical information collected from the investigation. To observe the tendency of ground damage during the earthquake, ground damages analysis is also performed. All results are depicted into the microzonation maps. The results showed that the amplification and predominant frequency on site are generally ranging from 3 to 5 and 5 to 8 Hz, respectively. The seismic vulnerability index in study area is up to 10-3. The results showed that during the Bengkulu-Mentawai Earthquake, the investigated sites could be possible to undergo crack settlement which can trigger massive sand boiling in the study area.
在8.6兆瓦的明打威地震中,拉图阿贡地区被确定为受影响地区。本文旨在传递基于地球物理观测的地震易损性。本研究是通过测量环境噪声来获得地球物理特性,如放大和主导频率。利用调查所得的地球物理信息进行脆弱性指数分析。为了观察地震过程中地面损伤的变化趋势,还进行了地面损伤分析。所有的结果都被描绘成微带图。结果表明:现场放大频率一般在3 ~ 5 Hz,优势频率一般在5 ~ 8 Hz;研究区地震易损性指数达10-3。结果表明,在明古鲁-明打威地震中,调查地点可能发生裂缝沉降,从而引发研究区域内大量的砂石沸腾。
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引用次数: 5
On the Derivation of Exact Solutions of a Tapered Cantilever Timoshenko Beam 锥形悬臂Timoshenko梁精确解的推导
Pub Date : 2019-10-18 DOI: 10.9744/ced.21.2.89-96
F. Wong, Junius Gunawan, K. Agusta, H. Herryanto, L. S. Tanaya
A tapered beam is a beam that has a linearly varying cross section. This paper presents an analytical derivation of the solutions to bending of a symmetric tapered cantilever Timoshenko beam subjected to a bending moment and a concentrated force at the free end and a uniformly-distributed load along the beam. The governing differential equations of the Timoshenko beam of a variable cross section are firstly derived from the principle of minimum potential energy. The differential equations are then solved to obtain the exact deflections and rotations along the beam. Formulas for computing the beam deflections and rotations at the free end are presented. Examples of application are given for the cases of a relatively slender beam and a deep beam. The present solutions can be useful for practical applications as well as for evaluating the accuracy of a numerical method.
锥形梁是具有线性变化横截面的梁。本文给出了对称锥形悬臂Timoshenko梁在自由端受弯矩和集中力以及沿梁均匀分布荷载作用下弯曲的解析解。从最小势能原理出发,首次导出了变截面Timoshenko梁的控制微分方程。然后对微分方程进行求解,以获得沿梁的精确偏转和旋转。给出了梁自由端挠度和转动的计算公式。给出了相对细长梁和深梁的应用实例。本解决方案可用于实际应用以及评估数值方法的准确性。
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引用次数: 5
Effect of Crumb Rubber as Fine Aggregate Replacement in Cold Mixture Asphalt 碎橡胶作为细集料在冷拌沥青中的替代作用
Pub Date : 2019-10-18 DOI: 10.9744/ced.21.2.107-112
P. S. Wulandari, Ken Kertorahardjo, Arianto Thesman, D. Tjandra
The number of waste tires has been increasing as an impact of rapidly growing number of vehicles and becomes a global environmental concern. The environmental impact can be reduced by converting the waste tires to crumb rubber and reusing it as a replacement of fine aggregates in asphalt mixture. Dense graded cold mixtures asphalt design was developed for rubberized mixtures with up to 100% (by weight) crumb rubber replacement. Series of laboratory testing were performed for evaluating the Marshall stability and volumetric properties of rubberized cold mixture asphalt. The findings of this laboratory study indicated that Marshall stability and volumetric properties of these mixtures were affected by crumb rubber percentage. Although the use of crumb rubber in cold mixture asphalt could decrease the mechanical and volumetric properties of mixtures, but still has a great potential as a partial fine aggregate replacement in cold mixture asphalt. Rubberized cold mixture asphalt could be considered as a flexible pavement subjected to low traffic medium load.
随着车辆数量的迅速增长,废旧轮胎的数量一直在增加,并成为一个全球性的环境问题。通过将废轮胎转化为橡胶屑并将其重新用作沥青混合料中的细集料的替代品,可以减少对环境的影响。致密级配冷混合沥青设计是为橡胶混合料开发的,橡胶颗粒的替代率高达100%(按重量计)。为评价橡胶冷混合沥青的马歇尔稳定性和体积性能,进行了一系列的室内试验。实验结果表明,橡胶屑百分比对混合料的马歇尔稳定性和体积性能有影响。虽然橡胶屑在冷混合沥青中的使用会降低混合料的力学性能和体积性能,但作为冷混合沥青中部分细骨料的替代品仍有很大的潜力。橡胶冷混合沥青可以看作是一种受低交通中等荷载作用的柔性路面。
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引用次数: 5
Analysis of Different Stripe Connectors for a Gabion Wall based on Woven Waste Tire Stripes 基于废旧轮胎编织条的石笼墙不同条带连接件的分析
Pub Date : 2019-10-18 DOI: 10.9744/ced.21.2.66-69
Arwan Apriyono, Sumiyanto Sumiyanto, Y. Yanto, S. Iswahyudi, Rino Wahyu Pamungkas
In this research, woven waste tire stripes are proposed as an alternative material to wire mesh to make a gabion wall. The performance of the waste tire stripe-based gabion wall is highly dependent on the strength of its stripe, where the stripe connector plays an important role. This research aims to inspect the behavior of different stripe connectors for the gabion wall. To achieve this, a physical model was built and employed to test the strength of the gabion wall. Various stripe connectors are used; adhesive rubber glue, one inch nail, and two mm wire. The strength capacity of the models was determined from the maximum stress before failure. The strength capacities of the models are 83.197, 59.426 and 62.397 kPa for the wire, nail, and glue connector, respectively. Hence, it can be inferred that the wire connector is the strongest of the three connectors.
在这项研究中,编织的废轮胎条纹被提议作为金属丝网的替代材料来制作石笼墙。废旧轮胎条纹石笼墙的性能在很大程度上取决于其条纹的强度,其中条纹连接件起着重要作用。本研究旨在检测石笼墙不同条形连接件的性能。为了实现这一点,建立了一个物理模型,并用于测试石笼墙的强度。使用各种条形连接器;粘性橡胶胶,一英寸的钉子和两毫米的电线。模型的强度容量由失效前的最大应力确定。电线、钉子和胶水连接器的强度分别为83.197、59.426和62.397千帕。因此,可以推断导线连接器是三个连接器中最强的。
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引用次数: 1
Permeation Resistance of Sawdust Ash Blended Cement Laterized Concrete 木屑灰掺合水泥红土混凝土的抗渗透性能
Pub Date : 2019-10-18 DOI: 10.9744/ced.21.2.76-83
Samuel Olufemi Folagbade, A. Olawale
This paper compared the initial surface absorption of conventional concrete and laterized concrete containing Portland cement (PC) and sawdust ash (SDA). Laterized concrete was produced at laterite contents of 15 and 30% as partial replacement for sand and SDA contents of 10 and 20% as partial replacement for PC. Compressive strengths at 28 days and initial surface absorption after 10 minutes (ISA-10) at 28, 60 and 90 days were determined at the water/cement ratios of 0.35, 0.50 and 0.65 and assessed at equal 28-day strengths of 25-35 N/mm2. At equal water/cement ratios, compressive strength reduced and ISA-10 increased with increasing content of laterite and SDA. On the other hand, compressive strength and resistance to surface absorption of the blended cement laterized concretes increased with increasing curing age. At equal strengths, all the blended cement laterized concretes have better resistance to surface absorption than the conventional PC concrete.
本文比较了普通混凝土与含波特兰水泥(PC)和木屑灰(SDA)的红土混凝土的初始表面吸收量。在红土含量为15%和30%时,部分替代砂石,SDA含量为10%和20%时,部分替代PC,生产红土混凝土。28天的抗压强度和28、60和90天的初始表面吸收量(ISA-10)分别在水灰比为0.35、0.50和0.65时进行测定,28天强度为25-35 N/mm2时进行评估。在水灰比相同的情况下,随着红土和SDA含量的增加,抗压强度降低,ISA-10升高。另一方面,随着养护龄期的增加,掺合水泥红土混凝土的抗压强度和抗表面吸收性能均有所提高。在同等强度下,所有掺合水泥红土混凝土都比常规PC混凝土具有更好的抗表面吸收性能。
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引用次数: 4
Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) Curve and the Most Suitable Method to Determine Flood Peak Discharge in Upper Werba Sub-Watershed 强度-时间-频率(IDF)曲线及确定Werba流域上游洪峰流量的最适方法
Pub Date : 2019-10-18 DOI: 10.9744/ced.21.2.70-75
C. Kusumastuti, Prasetio Sudjarwo, Marvin Christhie, Timotius Krisna
Design flood is one of the important factors for flood risk assessment and water infrastructures planning and development in a certain location. There are several methods to estimate it, one method which has been commonly and widely use is using flood frequency analysis. This research aims to develop Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) curves in Upper Werba Sub-Watershed, West Papua Province, Indonesia, to estimate design rainfall intensity. The design rainfall intensity is used to estimate peak of flood discharge using Rational Formula in the sub-watershed. Other methods, i.e. Soil Conservation Service and Nakayasu Synthetic Unit Hydrograph are also presented in this paper to provide comparison of the estimated peak of flood discharge. The result shows that the Rational method provide the closest magnitude of estimated flood discharge in Upper Werba Sub-Watershed to the observed streamflow. Therefore, it is suggested that the Rational method can be used for water infrastructure planning and development in the sub-watershed.
设计洪水是某一地区洪水风险评估和水利基础设施规划与发展的重要因素之一。有几种方法可以估计它,其中一种常用且广泛使用的方法是使用洪水频率分析。本研究旨在开发印度尼西亚西巴布亚省上Werba子流域的强度-持续时间-频率(IDF)曲线,以估计设计降雨强度。设计降雨强度用于利用有理公式估算子流域的洪峰流量。本文还介绍了其他方法,即土壤保持服务和Nakayasu合成单位过程线,以提供估计洪峰流量的比较。结果表明,合理方法提供了与观测流量最接近的Werba上游子流域洪水流量估算值。因此,建议合理化方法可以用于子流域的水利基础设施规划和开发。
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引用次数: 5
期刊
Civil Engineering Dimension
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