Abstract The aim of the paper is to analyze the possibilities of the automotive industry development in the V4 countries in the near future. Automotive is one of the most important industries in the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia. However, it faces significant challenges on both the demand and supply side. The shortage of qualified and relatively cheap labour force, once the important comparative advantage of these countries is becoming a major problem in sustaining the competitiveness. Meanwhile the rise of protectionist policies and trade tensions also pose a significant threat to the exportoriented industry. The third important source of change is the technological advancement. Industry 4.0, electromobility and self-driving cars are reshaping the whole business model. In order to stay competitive, the V4 countries have to take all these factors in account and try to adjust their policies to these changes in environment.
{"title":"Competitiveness Outlook of the Automotive Industry in the V4 Countries","authors":"Tatiana Hlušková","doi":"10.2478/stcb-2019-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/stcb-2019-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of the paper is to analyze the possibilities of the automotive industry development in the V4 countries in the near future. Automotive is one of the most important industries in the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia. However, it faces significant challenges on both the demand and supply side. The shortage of qualified and relatively cheap labour force, once the important comparative advantage of these countries is becoming a major problem in sustaining the competitiveness. Meanwhile the rise of protectionist policies and trade tensions also pose a significant threat to the exportoriented industry. The third important source of change is the technological advancement. Industry 4.0, electromobility and self-driving cars are reshaping the whole business model. In order to stay competitive, the V4 countries have to take all these factors in account and try to adjust their policies to these changes in environment.","PeriodicalId":30220,"journal":{"name":"Studia Commercialia Bratislavensia","volume":"12 1","pages":"24 - 33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41465821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract E-commerce is the purchase and sale of goods and services over the Internet. It assumed that despite the ever-expanding online transaction, the retail shops would not disappear. Various surveys have shown that customers still prefer to shop in stores and the number of purchases is increasing. Currently, they mainly use combinations of ecommerce and retail stores. Before the final purchase in the store, customers prefer to find out all the necessary information via the Internet. In the case of online shopping, customers prefer to look at the product in a retail shop and then purchase it via e-shop. In this paper, we decided to verify my hypothesis. The article aimed to determine the impact of e-commerce on retail stores.
{"title":"E-commerce and its impact on retail stores in Slovakia","authors":"Jamal Hasan","doi":"10.2478/stcb-2019-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/stcb-2019-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract E-commerce is the purchase and sale of goods and services over the Internet. It assumed that despite the ever-expanding online transaction, the retail shops would not disappear. Various surveys have shown that customers still prefer to shop in stores and the number of purchases is increasing. Currently, they mainly use combinations of ecommerce and retail stores. Before the final purchase in the store, customers prefer to find out all the necessary information via the Internet. In the case of online shopping, customers prefer to look at the product in a retail shop and then purchase it via e-shop. In this paper, we decided to verify my hypothesis. The article aimed to determine the impact of e-commerce on retail stores.","PeriodicalId":30220,"journal":{"name":"Studia Commercialia Bratislavensia","volume":"12 1","pages":"16 - 23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49060644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The authors analyse a legal regulation of consumer protection in the Slovak Republic, comprised (among others) the Civil Code, the Act on Consumer Protection and the Act on Consumer Protection in Provision of Certain Tourism Services. They refer to the specifics of consumer law, which undermines the basic principles of private law (the principle of equality of the involved parties and the principle of the dominance of dispositive legal norms), because it primarily serves for the protection of a weaker party of the consumer agreement - a consumer. They focus on the claims of consumers - air passengers. The conclusion is that air passengers’ rights drive mainly from the EU law. They also present a survey regarding air passengers’ rights and propose suggestions on how to improve their satisfaction. The aim of a paper is to start a discussion on air passengers’ rights because the number of air passengers increases.
{"title":"Consumer Protection in the Slovak Republic and Protection of Air Passengers’ Rights","authors":"Hana Magurová, M. Horvat, M. Srebalová","doi":"10.2478/stcb-2018-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/stcb-2018-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The authors analyse a legal regulation of consumer protection in the Slovak Republic, comprised (among others) the Civil Code, the Act on Consumer Protection and the Act on Consumer Protection in Provision of Certain Tourism Services. They refer to the specifics of consumer law, which undermines the basic principles of private law (the principle of equality of the involved parties and the principle of the dominance of dispositive legal norms), because it primarily serves for the protection of a weaker party of the consumer agreement - a consumer. They focus on the claims of consumers - air passengers. The conclusion is that air passengers’ rights drive mainly from the EU law. They also present a survey regarding air passengers’ rights and propose suggestions on how to improve their satisfaction. The aim of a paper is to start a discussion on air passengers’ rights because the number of air passengers increases.","PeriodicalId":30220,"journal":{"name":"Studia Commercialia Bratislavensia","volume":"11 1","pages":"217 - 227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49580923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The aim of this paper is to highlight the importance of diversification in the gas sector in Slovakia. We focus on defining the category of diversification, from the views we have received from foreign and domestic literature. The aim is to introduce individual approaches to the perception of energy security in its complexity. Its security affects all economic subsets at both transnational and national levels. Given the high capital intensity, it has become a problem not only for economic clusters but also for individual states. On a concrete example, we calculated the "price" of increasing security in the household sector under SR conditions.
{"title":"Diversification as a tool to increase energy security","authors":"A. Basova","doi":"10.2478/stcb-2018-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/stcb-2018-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of this paper is to highlight the importance of diversification in the gas sector in Slovakia. We focus on defining the category of diversification, from the views we have received from foreign and domestic literature. The aim is to introduce individual approaches to the perception of energy security in its complexity. Its security affects all economic subsets at both transnational and national levels. Given the high capital intensity, it has become a problem not only for economic clusters but also for individual states. On a concrete example, we calculated the \"price\" of increasing security in the household sector under SR conditions.","PeriodicalId":30220,"journal":{"name":"Studia Commercialia Bratislavensia","volume":"11 1","pages":"149 - 164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43269776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This paper analyses provisions of a Limited Liability Company under the Slovak Commercial Code, mainly conditions governing the process of foundation and incorporation of the company and the structure of company bodies. Legal provisions of the Limited Liability Company are primarily compared with Private Limited Company by Shares established according the Companies Act 2006 and secondarily with proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on single-member Private Limited Liability Companies. The result of the research is a comparison of the Slovak and the British legislation and an effort to predict the future development of Private Limited Liability Companies in the European area.
{"title":"Limited Liability Companies in the Slovak and European Legal Context","authors":"Lenka Vačoková","doi":"10.2478/STCB-2018-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/STCB-2018-0020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper analyses provisions of a Limited Liability Company under the Slovak Commercial Code, mainly conditions governing the process of foundation and incorporation of the company and the structure of company bodies. Legal provisions of the Limited Liability Company are primarily compared with Private Limited Company by Shares established according the Companies Act 2006 and secondarily with proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on single-member Private Limited Liability Companies. The result of the research is a comparison of the Slovak and the British legislation and an effort to predict the future development of Private Limited Liability Companies in the European area.","PeriodicalId":30220,"journal":{"name":"Studia Commercialia Bratislavensia","volume":"11 1","pages":"256 - 268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44068268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In relation with vacation we are able to meet the terms of timesharing or timeshare. To the definition there is necessary to state that their nature rests in time limitation (time) and sharing (share) of using a thing. The timesharing contract was introduced to Slovak legal order by amendment of Civil Code by the Act No. 150/2004 of the Coll. as a consumer contract on right to use of building or its part in certain time periods. Original legal regulation of timesharing was however later abolished by the Act No. 161/2011 of the Coll. on Protection of the Consumer in Case of Providing of Certain Tourism Services and on Change and Amendments of Other Acts. This paper provides look into evolution of legal regulation of timesharing in Slovakia and further analyses of valid legal regulation of timesharing contract and other contracts related thereto. The Author furthermore inform on using of the mentioned regulation in practice.
{"title":"Legal Regulation of Timesharing Contract and Other Contracts on Providing of Certain Services in Tourism Services in Slovak Republic","authors":"Mária Veterníková, Ján Mišura","doi":"10.2478/STCB-2018-0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/STCB-2018-0021","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In relation with vacation we are able to meet the terms of timesharing or timeshare. To the definition there is necessary to state that their nature rests in time limitation (time) and sharing (share) of using a thing. The timesharing contract was introduced to Slovak legal order by amendment of Civil Code by the Act No. 150/2004 of the Coll. as a consumer contract on right to use of building or its part in certain time periods. Original legal regulation of timesharing was however later abolished by the Act No. 161/2011 of the Coll. on Protection of the Consumer in Case of Providing of Certain Tourism Services and on Change and Amendments of Other Acts. This paper provides look into evolution of legal regulation of timesharing in Slovakia and further analyses of valid legal regulation of timesharing contract and other contracts related thereto. The Author furthermore inform on using of the mentioned regulation in practice.","PeriodicalId":30220,"journal":{"name":"Studia Commercialia Bratislavensia","volume":"11 1","pages":"269 - 275"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46030475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Based on the evaluation of partial research results the aim of the presented paper is to find out current state of using consumer-oriented sales promotion tools at the organic food market in Slovakia and the Czech Republic and to suggest recommendations for improvement. We conducted primary quantitative research by inquiry method via standardized online questionnaire. The research results reveal that the most used consumeroriented sales promotion tools are information materials, merchandising and multipacks. Business entities focus on the non-monetary sales promotion. The results point to insufficient implementation of sales promotion tools at the organic food market and probably low interest of business entities to them.
{"title":"Consumer-Oriented Sales Promotion of Organic Food in Slovakia and the Czech Republic","authors":"Paulína Krnáčová, Martin Závodský","doi":"10.2478/stcb-2018-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/stcb-2018-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Based on the evaluation of partial research results the aim of the presented paper is to find out current state of using consumer-oriented sales promotion tools at the organic food market in Slovakia and the Czech Republic and to suggest recommendations for improvement. We conducted primary quantitative research by inquiry method via standardized online questionnaire. The research results reveal that the most used consumeroriented sales promotion tools are information materials, merchandising and multipacks. Business entities focus on the non-monetary sales promotion. The results point to insufficient implementation of sales promotion tools at the organic food market and probably low interest of business entities to them.","PeriodicalId":30220,"journal":{"name":"Studia Commercialia Bratislavensia","volume":"11 1","pages":"194 - 207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49556071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In the current post-crisis period, the implementation of Corporate Governance principles has proven to be important. The Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development considers failure of Corporate Governance as one of the causes of the latest financial and economic crisis. We assume that the higher quality of institutional environment point to higher performance of the economy. The aim of the paper is to quantify the implementation of Corporate Governance in the European Union through selected qualitative indicators and his impact on economies. We have verified that countries with better values of judicial independence, protection of property rights, corruption, minority investor protection, extent of conflict of interest and resolving insolvency have a higher value of gross domestic product per capita. The index of enforcing contracts was statistically insignificant.
{"title":"Impact of Corporate Governance Framework on Economic Performance in European Union","authors":"D. Steinhauser, Miroslava Čukanová","doi":"10.2478/stcb-2018-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/stcb-2018-0018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the current post-crisis period, the implementation of Corporate Governance principles has proven to be important. The Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development considers failure of Corporate Governance as one of the causes of the latest financial and economic crisis. We assume that the higher quality of institutional environment point to higher performance of the economy. The aim of the paper is to quantify the implementation of Corporate Governance in the European Union through selected qualitative indicators and his impact on economies. We have verified that countries with better values of judicial independence, protection of property rights, corruption, minority investor protection, extent of conflict of interest and resolving insolvency have a higher value of gross domestic product per capita. The index of enforcing contracts was statistically insignificant.","PeriodicalId":30220,"journal":{"name":"Studia Commercialia Bratislavensia","volume":"11 1","pages":"236 - 246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43282944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The article presents the theoretical foundations of the criminal act of scheming to defraud in an insolvency proceeding. A criminal act according to the § 226 Act No. 40/2009 Coll. (Criminal Code) is often a part of organized crime. Crime is made easier by the difficult proceedings of solving the debtor’s bankruptcy in the Czech Republic. The article includes a case interpretation in which the judge committed a crime. She caused severe harm to several participants of the insolvency proceeding and secured that the debtor’s shareholder benefited.
{"title":"Scheming to defraud in an insolvency proceeding: a specific case of economic criminal acts","authors":"Joseph E. Smolik, A. Kajanová","doi":"10.2478/stcb-2018-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/stcb-2018-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article presents the theoretical foundations of the criminal act of scheming to defraud in an insolvency proceeding. A criminal act according to the § 226 Act No. 40/2009 Coll. (Criminal Code) is often a part of organized crime. Crime is made easier by the difficult proceedings of solving the debtor’s bankruptcy in the Czech Republic. The article includes a case interpretation in which the judge committed a crime. She caused severe harm to several participants of the insolvency proceeding and secured that the debtor’s shareholder benefited.","PeriodicalId":30220,"journal":{"name":"Studia Commercialia Bratislavensia","volume":"11 1","pages":"107 - 117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48905648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Approaches, processes, and management methods that allegedly helped enterprises to achieve great results are often described as “Best Practice.” These approaches are usually recommended to other enterprises, often without a detailed analysis of the causes of their alleged success, as well as without assessment if they are suitable in other conditions. The article focuses on critical review of the conditions of using best practice when managing enterprises and shows its limits. It comes to the conclusion that “best practice” recommendations are rarely based on rigorous empirical methods of research and therefore are generally unreliable. There is, in addition, no widely held understanding of what is meant by the use of the term. Based on these findings and conclusions, the article promotes a more suitable approach of “Best Fit” which, unlike the methods of best practice based on processes, is based on common goals of successful managerial methods and their adaptation to the conditions and strategies of other enterprises. The approach is demonstrated by methods of human resources management.
{"title":"Possibilities and limits of adopting successful managerial approaches: from “Best Practice” to “Best Fit”","authors":"J. Urban","doi":"10.2478/stcb-2018-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/stcb-2018-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Approaches, processes, and management methods that allegedly helped enterprises to achieve great results are often described as “Best Practice.” These approaches are usually recommended to other enterprises, often without a detailed analysis of the causes of their alleged success, as well as without assessment if they are suitable in other conditions. The article focuses on critical review of the conditions of using best practice when managing enterprises and shows its limits. It comes to the conclusion that “best practice” recommendations are rarely based on rigorous empirical methods of research and therefore are generally unreliable. There is, in addition, no widely held understanding of what is meant by the use of the term. Based on these findings and conclusions, the article promotes a more suitable approach of “Best Fit” which, unlike the methods of best practice based on processes, is based on common goals of successful managerial methods and their adaptation to the conditions and strategies of other enterprises. The approach is demonstrated by methods of human resources management.","PeriodicalId":30220,"journal":{"name":"Studia Commercialia Bratislavensia","volume":"11 1","pages":"118 - 127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45663691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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