Abstract The issue of open innovation has become a popular topic in recent years. The literature review revealed that within the Open Innovation theories and its aspects, some elements were differently defined which showed a space for further exploration. The main aim of the paper is to synthesize knowledge about open innovation and to create a basic model of the open innovation environment in terms of influencing factors and to identify relevant actors, that may be part of this process. The primary method was a secondary survey aimed at the analyze of 24 definitions and integrating scientific definitions of open innovation, its factors, barriers and relevant players. By synthesizing this knowledge, we have developed a basic model of open innovation factors and identified relevant players in this process. This paper is part of the author's dissertation thesis, which aims to design and test an open innovation model in the service sector. The model will include all factors contained in this article. Further model could be used as an effective tool for implementing open innovation and evaluating its usefulness for theories and praxis as well.
{"title":"Factors of Open Innovation","authors":"Miroslava Prváková","doi":"10.2478/stcb-2020-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/stcb-2020-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The issue of open innovation has become a popular topic in recent years. The literature review revealed that within the Open Innovation theories and its aspects, some elements were differently defined which showed a space for further exploration. The main aim of the paper is to synthesize knowledge about open innovation and to create a basic model of the open innovation environment in terms of influencing factors and to identify relevant actors, that may be part of this process. The primary method was a secondary survey aimed at the analyze of 24 definitions and integrating scientific definitions of open innovation, its factors, barriers and relevant players. By synthesizing this knowledge, we have developed a basic model of open innovation factors and identified relevant players in this process. This paper is part of the author's dissertation thesis, which aims to design and test an open innovation model in the service sector. The model will include all factors contained in this article. Further model could be used as an effective tool for implementing open innovation and evaluating its usefulness for theories and praxis as well.","PeriodicalId":30220,"journal":{"name":"Studia Commercialia Bratislavensia","volume":"13 1","pages":"160 - 173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46172140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The circular economy is an approach to help reduce global sustainability pressures. In circular economy it is important to involve design from the beginning of the product lifecycle, including product ideation and material selection. Involvement of consumers and users into circular economy is very important and enables change in purchase patterns and product utilization. The paper methodology consists of a profound literature review and analysis in area of circular economy, circular design and consumer or user influence on circularity. The goal of the paper is to provide insights into the consumer involvement into a circular economy and changes in users’ behavior. The research results in discussion of design strategies to slow down “resource loops”, to close “resource loops”, and to “narrow material flow” to enhance circular economy and business models, as well as consumer involvement in circular economy. We outline desired consumer and user behavior leading to circular economy.
{"title":"Circular Design and Consumer Involvement in Circular Economy","authors":"Ľubica Knošková","doi":"10.2478/stcb-2020-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/stcb-2020-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The circular economy is an approach to help reduce global sustainability pressures. In circular economy it is important to involve design from the beginning of the product lifecycle, including product ideation and material selection. Involvement of consumers and users into circular economy is very important and enables change in purchase patterns and product utilization. The paper methodology consists of a profound literature review and analysis in area of circular economy, circular design and consumer or user influence on circularity. The goal of the paper is to provide insights into the consumer involvement into a circular economy and changes in users’ behavior. The research results in discussion of design strategies to slow down “resource loops”, to close “resource loops”, and to “narrow material flow” to enhance circular economy and business models, as well as consumer involvement in circular economy. We outline desired consumer and user behavior leading to circular economy.","PeriodicalId":30220,"journal":{"name":"Studia Commercialia Bratislavensia","volume":"13 1","pages":"25 - 34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44114761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Financial advisory means providing advice concerning various financial products such as loans, insurance and investments. The commercial investment advisor and the financial advisor develop individual analyses and concepts for their clients, in the sense of a comprehensive financial planning, about the type, construction, protection, maintenance, retention and possible uses of assets and financing. They respond to the special needs of their customers. Despite these common elements, there exist important distinctions in the regulation of the commercial investment advisor in Austria and of the financial advisor in Slovakia.
{"title":"Performing the Activities of the Commercial Investment Advisor in Austria and of the Financial Advisor in Slovakia","authors":"Andrea Slezáková","doi":"10.2478/stcb-2020-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/stcb-2020-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Financial advisory means providing advice concerning various financial products such as loans, insurance and investments. The commercial investment advisor and the financial advisor develop individual analyses and concepts for their clients, in the sense of a comprehensive financial planning, about the type, construction, protection, maintenance, retention and possible uses of assets and financing. They respond to the special needs of their customers. Despite these common elements, there exist important distinctions in the regulation of the commercial investment advisor in Austria and of the financial advisor in Slovakia.","PeriodicalId":30220,"journal":{"name":"Studia Commercialia Bratislavensia","volume":"13 1","pages":"63 - 72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47136802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Data is currently the most valuable source in decision making process within digital marketing firms. The main aim of the article is to examine extension of data utilization within digital marketing processes. Research of the main aim was supported by two sub-goals, which focused on knowledge level of marketers’ data based approaches and on areas, in which are such approaches applicable. Quantitative research in form of questionnaire was utilized as a primary research method. Findings of the paper points to sufficient awareness about big data and artificial intelligence tools and uncover currently untapped potential of its implementation into digital marketing processes.
{"title":"Extent of data utilization within digital marketing processes","authors":"Martin Kuchta","doi":"10.2478/stcb-2020-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/stcb-2020-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Data is currently the most valuable source in decision making process within digital marketing firms. The main aim of the article is to examine extension of data utilization within digital marketing processes. Research of the main aim was supported by two sub-goals, which focused on knowledge level of marketers’ data based approaches and on areas, in which are such approaches applicable. Quantitative research in form of questionnaire was utilized as a primary research method. Findings of the paper points to sufficient awareness about big data and artificial intelligence tools and uncover currently untapped potential of its implementation into digital marketing processes.","PeriodicalId":30220,"journal":{"name":"Studia Commercialia Bratislavensia","volume":"13 1","pages":"35 - 43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41797539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Financial advisory is a business activity connected with the financial market. Financial advisors grant services to their clients in order to help them to find a proper financial product. Due to this fact and the resposibility that is linked to this kind of entrepreneurship interference from the side of the state is needed. This is given not only by the regulation, but also through supervision of financial advisors performed by the National Bank of Slovakia. The independ central bank is subject intending to start this kind of business meets all the conditions set by law. The license to perform the activity of a financial advisor is an individual administrative act, a decision of the National Bank of Slovakia, issued in the proceeding in supervisory matters pursuant to Part Three of the Act No. 747/2004 Coll. On Financial Market Supervision Amending and Supplementing Certain Acts as amended.
{"title":"The License To Perform The Activity Of A Finacial Advisor","authors":"Andrea Slezáková","doi":"10.2478/stcb-2019-0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/stcb-2019-0022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Financial advisory is a business activity connected with the financial market. Financial advisors grant services to their clients in order to help them to find a proper financial product. Due to this fact and the resposibility that is linked to this kind of entrepreneurship interference from the side of the state is needed. This is given not only by the regulation, but also through supervision of financial advisors performed by the National Bank of Slovakia. The independ central bank is subject intending to start this kind of business meets all the conditions set by law. The license to perform the activity of a financial advisor is an individual administrative act, a decision of the National Bank of Slovakia, issued in the proceeding in supervisory matters pursuant to Part Three of the Act No. 747/2004 Coll. On Financial Market Supervision Amending and Supplementing Certain Acts as amended.","PeriodicalId":30220,"journal":{"name":"Studia Commercialia Bratislavensia","volume":"12 1","pages":"256 - 263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47240825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abeer Naesa, Reabal Mona, Ahmad Kara-Ali, H. E. Laika
Abstract Disposal of plastic waste is a serious problem, because plastics accumulate in the environment and cause significant pollution due to their degradability. Therefore, the main objective of this research was to reach the biodegradable plastics industry as alternatives to non-biodegradable plastics. And the existence of such biodegradable plastic must contribute in reducing the emission of harmful greenhouse gases and keeps the environment clean, and reduces the cost for pollution from the accumulation of plastic waste. Algae was used as a raw material for the production of bio-plastics because of its unique properties such as it grows rapidly and in large quantities at a low cost and grows in a variety of water environments throughout the year, which means that there is no risk in the difficulty of securing the raw materials needed for the production of bio-plastics The study concluded that the tested samples partially decomposed in fresh and alkaline water during a period of 26 days, which means a high dependence on algae to the production of bio plastics as an environmentally friendly industry.
{"title":"Economic and environmental side of the use of biotechnologies Case Study: Synthesis of some bioplastics from algae","authors":"Abeer Naesa, Reabal Mona, Ahmad Kara-Ali, H. E. Laika","doi":"10.2478/stcb-2019-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/stcb-2019-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Disposal of plastic waste is a serious problem, because plastics accumulate in the environment and cause significant pollution due to their degradability. Therefore, the main objective of this research was to reach the biodegradable plastics industry as alternatives to non-biodegradable plastics. And the existence of such biodegradable plastic must contribute in reducing the emission of harmful greenhouse gases and keeps the environment clean, and reduces the cost for pollution from the accumulation of plastic waste. Algae was used as a raw material for the production of bio-plastics because of its unique properties such as it grows rapidly and in large quantities at a low cost and grows in a variety of water environments throughout the year, which means that there is no risk in the difficulty of securing the raw materials needed for the production of bio-plastics The study concluded that the tested samples partially decomposed in fresh and alkaline water during a period of 26 days, which means a high dependence on algae to the production of bio plastics as an environmentally friendly industry.","PeriodicalId":30220,"journal":{"name":"Studia Commercialia Bratislavensia","volume":"12 1","pages":"131 - 136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46491995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Adam Smith finalised his magnum opus An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations between 1773 (Boston Tea Party) and 1776 (Declaration of Independence), and in its final paragraph Britain should “endeavour to accommodate her future views and designs to the real mediocrity of her circumstances”. The Wealth of Nations was “aimed to influence British MPs [Members of Parliament] to support a peaceful resolution to the American colonies’ War of Independence”, A. Smith “urged legislators to awaken from the “golden dream” of empire and avoid “a long, expensive and ruinous war”“, and “rejection of the protectionist Corn Laws in favour of opening up to the world economy marked the start of an era of globalization which contributed to Britain’s prosperity”, as Yueh (2019, p. 16f) puts it. Over the years, industrialization brought about by the Industrial Revolution has been challenged by deindustrialization, globalization by deglobalization. So with the “Brexit issue” at stake, what has been the “Brexitologic of Competitiveness”? In an earlier relevant series of analyses published by Čiderová et al. between 2012-2014 our focus was on the Global Competitiveness Index (alias the GCI by the World Economic Forum) in a spectrum of territorial and temporal perspectives related to the European Union. Now, in this follow-up comparative study zooming out to globalization and zooming in to competitiveness, our focus is streamlined to the “openended Brexit issue” on the background of updates of the GCI (alias GCI 4.0) and the KOF Globalisation Index (the latter by ETH Zürich).
{"title":"The Brexitologic of Competitiveness","authors":"Denisa Čiderová, D. Kovačević, J. Cernák","doi":"10.2478/stcb-2019-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/stcb-2019-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Adam Smith finalised his magnum opus An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations between 1773 (Boston Tea Party) and 1776 (Declaration of Independence), and in its final paragraph Britain should “endeavour to accommodate her future views and designs to the real mediocrity of her circumstances”. The Wealth of Nations was “aimed to influence British MPs [Members of Parliament] to support a peaceful resolution to the American colonies’ War of Independence”, A. Smith “urged legislators to awaken from the “golden dream” of empire and avoid “a long, expensive and ruinous war”“, and “rejection of the protectionist Corn Laws in favour of opening up to the world economy marked the start of an era of globalization which contributed to Britain’s prosperity”, as Yueh (2019, p. 16f) puts it. Over the years, industrialization brought about by the Industrial Revolution has been challenged by deindustrialization, globalization by deglobalization. So with the “Brexit issue” at stake, what has been the “Brexitologic of Competitiveness”? In an earlier relevant series of analyses published by Čiderová et al. between 2012-2014 our focus was on the Global Competitiveness Index (alias the GCI by the World Economic Forum) in a spectrum of territorial and temporal perspectives related to the European Union. Now, in this follow-up comparative study zooming out to globalization and zooming in to competitiveness, our focus is streamlined to the “openended Brexit issue” on the background of updates of the GCI (alias GCI 4.0) and the KOF Globalisation Index (the latter by ETH Zürich).","PeriodicalId":30220,"journal":{"name":"Studia Commercialia Bratislavensia","volume":"12 1","pages":"147 - 171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47722144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In recent years fast fashion has become a new trend. Fast fashion has changed the way how consumers are dressed and think about fashion. Clothes became cheaper, and shopping became a form of entertainment. The aim of the paper is to identify the economic impact of consumer purchases in fast fashion stores. Authors discuss fast fashion situation using results of own consumer survey, case studies, research studies and secondary data applying analysis, Abstraction, synthesis, deduction, comparison, description, and specification. Authors conclude that consumers’ purchases have a big impact on economics, because how we found out, fast fashion has a growing trend both in stores and in ecommerce. Form our survey it is evident that majority of consumers cannot link the high perceived quality of the clothing during shopping in fast fashion stores with achieved low level of durability during wearing. Increasing customer consumption can have a positive effect on economics, but also a negative impact on environment.
{"title":"The Economic Impact of Consumer Purchases in Fast Fashion Stores","authors":"Ľubica Knošková, Petra Garasová","doi":"10.2478/stcb-2019-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/stcb-2019-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In recent years fast fashion has become a new trend. Fast fashion has changed the way how consumers are dressed and think about fashion. Clothes became cheaper, and shopping became a form of entertainment. The aim of the paper is to identify the economic impact of consumer purchases in fast fashion stores. Authors discuss fast fashion situation using results of own consumer survey, case studies, research studies and secondary data applying analysis, Abstraction, synthesis, deduction, comparison, description, and specification. Authors conclude that consumers’ purchases have a big impact on economics, because how we found out, fast fashion has a growing trend both in stores and in ecommerce. Form our survey it is evident that majority of consumers cannot link the high perceived quality of the clothing during shopping in fast fashion stores with achieved low level of durability during wearing. Increasing customer consumption can have a positive effect on economics, but also a negative impact on environment.","PeriodicalId":30220,"journal":{"name":"Studia Commercialia Bratislavensia","volume":"12 1","pages":"58 - 70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42207114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Special financial education is one of the components of a professional competence. The purpose of the regulation is to provide knowledge and skills to individuals so that the minimum requirements of the law are met, given the complexity and scope of the activities performed by financial agents and financial advisors. Objective of the special financial education is to form and deepen information related to regulation in the sector in which financial intermediation or financial advisory will be carry out.
{"title":"Entering into the Register of Providers of Special Financial Education","authors":"Andrea Slezáková","doi":"10.2478/STCB-2019-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/STCB-2019-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Special financial education is one of the components of a professional competence. The purpose of the regulation is to provide knowledge and skills to individuals so that the minimum requirements of the law are met, given the complexity and scope of the activities performed by financial agents and financial advisors. Objective of the special financial education is to form and deepen information related to regulation in the sector in which financial intermediation or financial advisory will be carry out.","PeriodicalId":30220,"journal":{"name":"Studia Commercialia Bratislavensia","volume":"12 1","pages":"102 - 108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42543518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract As the number of self-service stores grows, the sales process is also changing, and the salesperson’s ability to influence the customer during his purchase is lost. This function is taken over by the packaging of goods whose task is to sell itself. The aim of the article is to present and characterize examples of selected Slovak food and beverages packaging, on which manufacturers have introduced Slovak folk motifs and specify what factor influenced manufactures to use it. This article is divided into two parts. In the first part, we present examples of folk motifs on the packaging of selected Slovak food products and alcoholic beverages. In the second part of this article, we presented the results of a structured interview with 4 managers which introduced on the Slovak market food and beverages packaging with folk motifs. The reason of application of folk motifs on packaging was that employees from this these companies are associated with folklore, patriotism and traditions. They honour the traditions of Slovak ancestors and Slovak country and are glad that the time has come when culture and traditions are preferred and supported. Companies sell Slovak products and therefore Slovak folk motifs are listed on packages their products.
{"title":"Folk Motifs as a New trend in Foods and Beverages Packaging Design","authors":"M. Jarossová, Jana Gordanová","doi":"10.2478/stcb-2019-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/stcb-2019-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract As the number of self-service stores grows, the sales process is also changing, and the salesperson’s ability to influence the customer during his purchase is lost. This function is taken over by the packaging of goods whose task is to sell itself. The aim of the article is to present and characterize examples of selected Slovak food and beverages packaging, on which manufacturers have introduced Slovak folk motifs and specify what factor influenced manufactures to use it. This article is divided into two parts. In the first part, we present examples of folk motifs on the packaging of selected Slovak food products and alcoholic beverages. In the second part of this article, we presented the results of a structured interview with 4 managers which introduced on the Slovak market food and beverages packaging with folk motifs. The reason of application of folk motifs on packaging was that employees from this these companies are associated with folklore, patriotism and traditions. They honour the traditions of Slovak ancestors and Slovak country and are glad that the time has come when culture and traditions are preferred and supported. Companies sell Slovak products and therefore Slovak folk motifs are listed on packages their products.","PeriodicalId":30220,"journal":{"name":"Studia Commercialia Bratislavensia","volume":"12 1","pages":"34 - 47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42049458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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