Pub Date : 2023-02-23DOI: 10.32593/jstmu/vol5.iss2.200
Sarmad Saheem, Sohail Ahmad, S. Ullah, Maryam Firdous, Sadaf Qayyum
Introduction: Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness in the adult population worldwide with Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma being its most common type. Moderate to high myopia is one of the various risk factors associated with POAG. Early detection and management of glaucoma in patients can slow down its progression and prevent vision loss. Objective: To evaluate the frequency of moderate to high myopia in Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG) and to find out the association between myopia and POAG. Methodology: A total of 100 participants were included in this cross-sectional study through consecutive sampling techniques. Refractive error was measured through an auto refractometer. Glaucomatous Patients were diagnosed as POAG on clinical findings (elevated IOP and optic nerve changes), visual field loss, and/or retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) defects. The anterior chamber angle was evaluated with the Van Herrick technique. Association between myopia and independent variables were statistically determined. Results: The mean age of all the participants was 52.36 ± 15.350. The frequencies of low, moderate, and high myopia were 34%, 12.5%, and 4% respectively. Male gender had a significant association with the high prevalence of low myopia in patients with POAG (p-value <0.05). Illiteracy and low and middle-class socioeconomic background were the other significant risk factors. Conclusion: Myopia is the major risk factor in POAG and other factors like illiteracy and a poor socioeconomic background attributed to it should be screened and assessed so that earlier detection in the population can prevent vision loss.
{"title":"Frequency of moderate to high myopia in primary open-angle glaucoma in tertiary care hospital","authors":"Sarmad Saheem, Sohail Ahmad, S. Ullah, Maryam Firdous, Sadaf Qayyum","doi":"10.32593/jstmu/vol5.iss2.200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32593/jstmu/vol5.iss2.200","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness in the adult population worldwide with Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma being its most common type. Moderate to high myopia is one of the various risk factors associated with POAG. Early detection and management of glaucoma in patients can slow down its progression and prevent vision loss. \u0000Objective: To evaluate the frequency of moderate to high myopia in Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG) and to find out the association between myopia and POAG. \u0000Methodology: A total of 100 participants were included in this cross-sectional study through consecutive sampling techniques. Refractive error was measured through an auto refractometer. Glaucomatous Patients were diagnosed as POAG on clinical findings (elevated IOP and optic nerve changes), visual field loss, and/or retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) defects. The anterior chamber angle was evaluated with the Van Herrick technique. Association between myopia and independent variables were statistically determined. \u0000Results: The mean age of all the participants was 52.36 ± 15.350. The frequencies of low, moderate, and high myopia were 34%, 12.5%, and 4% respectively. Male gender had a significant association with the high prevalence of low myopia in patients with POAG (p-value <0.05). Illiteracy and low and middle-class socioeconomic background were the other significant risk factors. \u0000Conclusion: Myopia is the major risk factor in POAG and other factors like illiteracy and a poor socioeconomic background attributed to it should be screened and assessed so that earlier detection in the population can prevent vision loss.","PeriodicalId":302306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132152486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-23DOI: 10.32593/jstmu/vol5.iss2.201
Pascalia Mary Ojakaa, Nilufar Jivraj, G. Njoroge
Introduction: The World Health Organization Surgical Safety Checklist (SSC) minimizes harm to patients. Clinicians use the checklist to confirm and ensure that the correct surgical operation is performed on the correct patient at the correct location. There are limited studies done to assess the effectiveness of using SSC in the operating rooms at Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH) since its adoption in 2012. Objective: The broad objective of the study was to determine SSC use among clinicians at Kenyatta National Hospital in Nairobi, Kenya; and determine clinicians’ and institutional-related factors influencing its use at the same hospital. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the operating theatres at KNH. The study recruited 178 consented clinicians who use SSC and excluded those on leave based on the multi-stage sampling technique and Yamane’s formulae. Collected data were processed using IBM SPSS version 20. Results: About 98% of the respondents were aware of SSC with 95% reporting its use during the interview day. Around 52% of the respondents had the clinical experience of over 10 years with 46% having theatre experience of over 10 years. Almost 95% of the respondents reported availability and its use with 99% confirming its mandatory usage in the operating theatres. Training and sensitization of clinicians on the use of the checklist were at 62% and 70%, respectively. Conclusion There was a recommendable utilization level of SSC at 95% influenced by clinicians’ and institutional related factors at Kenyatta National Hospital.
简介:世界卫生组织手术安全检查表(SSC)最大限度地减少对患者的伤害。临床医生使用检查表确认并确保在正确的位置对正确的患者进行正确的外科手术。自2012年采用SSC以来，在肯雅塔国家医院(KNH)的手术室中进行了有限的研究，以评估使用SSC的有效性。目的:该研究的主要目的是确定肯尼亚内罗毕肯雅塔国家医院临床医生使用SSC;并确定在同一家医院影响其使用的临床医生和机构相关因素。方法:横断面研究在KNH的手术室进行。该研究招募了178名同意使用SSC的临床医生，并根据多阶段抽样技术和Yamane公式排除了休假的临床医生。收集的数据使用IBM SPSS version 20进行处理。结果:约98%的受访者知道SSC, 95%的受访者表示在采访当天使用了SSC。约52%的受访者有10年以上的临床经验，46%的受访者有10年以上的手术室经验。几乎95%的受访者报告了其可获得性和使用情况，99%的受访者确认其在手术室的强制性使用。临床医生使用检查表的培训和敏化率分别为62%和70%。结论肯雅塔国立医院受临床医生和机构相关因素的影响，SSC的推荐使用率为95%。
{"title":"Determinants of the world health organization surgical safety checklist use among clinicians at Kenyatta National Hospital Nairobi, Kenya","authors":"Pascalia Mary Ojakaa, Nilufar Jivraj, G. Njoroge","doi":"10.32593/jstmu/vol5.iss2.201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32593/jstmu/vol5.iss2.201","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The World Health Organization Surgical Safety Checklist (SSC) minimizes harm to patients. Clinicians use the checklist to confirm and ensure that the correct surgical operation is performed on the correct patient at the correct location. There are limited studies done to assess the effectiveness of using SSC in the operating rooms at Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH) since its adoption in 2012. \u0000Objective: The broad objective of the study was to determine SSC use among clinicians at Kenyatta National Hospital in Nairobi, Kenya; and determine clinicians’ and institutional-related factors influencing its use at the same hospital. \u0000Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the operating theatres at KNH. The study recruited 178 consented clinicians who use SSC and excluded those on leave based on the multi-stage sampling technique and Yamane’s formulae. Collected data were processed using IBM SPSS version 20. \u0000Results: About 98% of the respondents were aware of SSC with 95% reporting its use during the interview day. Around 52% of the respondents had the clinical experience of over 10 years with 46% having theatre experience of over 10 years. Almost 95% of the respondents reported availability and its use with 99% confirming its mandatory usage in the operating theatres. Training and sensitization of clinicians on the use of the checklist were at 62% and 70%, respectively. \u0000Conclusion There was a recommendable utilization level of SSC at 95% influenced by clinicians’ and institutional related factors at Kenyatta National Hospital.","PeriodicalId":302306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130656205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-03DOI: 10.32593/jstmu/vol5.iss1.179
Liaquat Ali, Yasmeen Amarsi, Ambreen Thahrani, Khalil Ahmad
Introduction: Nursing education has a major responsibility in preparing nurses for clinical practice. In Pakistan, most of the nurses are diploma qualified. Post Registered Nurse Bachelor of Science in Nursing (Post-RN BScN) program plays a substantial role in the transition from diploma to degree. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the experiences of graduates of Post-RN BScN for the successful implementation and quality improvement of the program. Objectives: This study explored the strengths and weaknesses of the Post-RN BScN through experiences of the nurses who completed the BSc N program in 2015 in nursing education institutions in Karachi, Pakistan. Methodology: The qualitative descriptive exploratory study was designed to explore the experiences of the nurses who completed the Post-RN BScN in 2015. Purposive sampling was used for data collection through semi-structured interviews. Data was analyzed through the content analysis method, through which sub-themes and themes emerged. Results: The study participants from a public sector highlighted the strengths of program, such as integration of theoretical knowledge into clinical practice, having graduate qualified faculty, and having appropriate technological and education resources. Whereas, majority of the participants were concerned about the lack of integration of theoretical knowledge into clinical practice, under qualified faculty with unsatisfactory teaching competencies, inaccessibility to and unavailability of resources. Conclusion: The study provided recommendations for stakeholders for improvement in the quality of nursing education by addressing major areas such as integration of theory into practice, competencies and shortage of the faculty members, and provision of technological and educational resources.
{"title":"Undergraduates’ experiences of the post RN BScN program, Karachi, Pakistan","authors":"Liaquat Ali, Yasmeen Amarsi, Ambreen Thahrani, Khalil Ahmad","doi":"10.32593/jstmu/vol5.iss1.179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32593/jstmu/vol5.iss1.179","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Nursing education has a major responsibility in preparing nurses for clinical practice. In Pakistan, most of the nurses are diploma qualified. Post Registered Nurse Bachelor of Science in Nursing (Post-RN BScN) program plays a substantial role in the transition from diploma to degree. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the experiences of graduates of Post-RN BScN for the successful implementation and quality improvement of the program. \u0000Objectives: This study explored the strengths and weaknesses of the Post-RN BScN through experiences of the nurses who completed the BSc N program in 2015 in nursing education institutions in Karachi, Pakistan. \u0000Methodology: The qualitative descriptive exploratory study was designed to explore the experiences of the nurses who completed the Post-RN BScN in 2015. Purposive sampling was used for data collection through semi-structured interviews. Data was analyzed through the content analysis method, through which sub-themes and themes emerged. \u0000Results: The study participants from a public sector highlighted the strengths of program, such as integration of theoretical knowledge into clinical practice, having graduate qualified faculty, and having appropriate technological and education resources. Whereas, majority of the participants were concerned about the lack of integration of theoretical knowledge into clinical practice, under qualified faculty with unsatisfactory teaching competencies, inaccessibility to and unavailability of resources. \u0000Conclusion: The study provided recommendations for stakeholders for improvement in the quality of nursing education by addressing major areas such as integration of theory into practice, competencies and shortage of the faculty members, and provision of technological and educational resources.","PeriodicalId":302306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123275214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-03DOI: 10.32593/jstmu/vol5.iss1.183
I. Burney, N. Ahmad
Purpose: This review aims to describe the existing and emerging role of Artificial intelligence (AI) in medical education, as this may help set future directions. Methodology: Articles on AI in medical education describing integration of AI or machine-learning (ML) in undergraduate medical curricula or structured postgraduate residency programs were extracted from SCOPUS database. The paper followed the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) research methodology. Articles describing AI or ML, but not directly related to teaching and training in structured programs were excluded. Results: Of the 1020 documents published till October 15, 2020, 218 articles are included in the final analysis. A sharp increase in the number of published articles was observed 2018 onwards. Articles describing surgical skills training, case-based reasoning, physicians' role in the evolving scenario, and the attitudes of medical students towards AI in radiology were cited frequently. Of the 50 top-cited papers, 16 (32%) were ‘commentary’ articles, 13 (26%) review articles, 13 (26%) articles correlated usefulness of ML and AI with human performance, whereas 8 (16%) assessed the perceptions of students toward the integration of AI in medical practice. Conclusion: AI should be taught in medical curricula to prepare doctors for tomorrow, and at the same time, could be used for teaching, assessment, and providing feedback in various disciplines.
{"title":"Artificial Intelligence in Medical Education: A citation-based systematic literature review","authors":"I. Burney, N. Ahmad","doi":"10.32593/jstmu/vol5.iss1.183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32593/jstmu/vol5.iss1.183","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This review aims to describe the existing and emerging role of Artificial intelligence (AI) in medical education, as this may help set future directions. \u0000Methodology: Articles on AI in medical education describing integration of AI or machine-learning (ML) in undergraduate medical curricula or structured postgraduate residency programs were extracted from SCOPUS database. The paper followed the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) research methodology. Articles describing AI or ML, but not directly related to teaching and training in structured programs were excluded. \u0000Results: Of the 1020 documents published till October 15, 2020, 218 articles are included in the final analysis. A sharp increase in the number of published articles was observed 2018 onwards. Articles describing surgical skills training, case-based reasoning, physicians' role in the evolving scenario, and the attitudes of medical students towards AI in radiology were cited frequently. Of the 50 top-cited papers, 16 (32%) were ‘commentary’ articles, 13 (26%) review articles, 13 (26%) articles correlated usefulness of ML and AI with human performance, whereas 8 (16%) assessed the perceptions of students toward the integration of AI in medical practice. \u0000Conclusion: AI should be taught in medical curricula to prepare doctors for tomorrow, and at the same time, could be used for teaching, assessment, and providing feedback in various disciplines.","PeriodicalId":302306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115556430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-03DOI: 10.32593/jstmu/vol5.iss1.171
Riffat Naheed Hunjra, Zara Riaz
Background: Covid-19 is a highly contagious infection that affects healthcare personnel and patients in critical care units. Specifically, while doing endotracheal suctioning of patients, those having severe lung obstruction may have a higher risk of transmitting infections. The speedy emergence and global extent of this COVID-19 shaped a major challenge in the healthcare industry, mainly with the unavailability of personal protective equipment (PPE) to take care of families, patients and Health Care workers. Purpose: The objectives of this study was set out to measure the evidence-based practices and impact of the disposable suction bottles on patients as well as health care workers who are directly in contact with COVID-19 patient handling. Methodology: Data have been collected from 200 intensive care nursing staff of 3 public & private hospitals. Weekly reports and physical surveys were done in critical areas, from the infection control committee, The NCOC data centers. The quantitative research has been design. Data analysis is done on SPSS version 21. Results: Data collected from both male and female staff. The age group of 25 years was 51% more than 49%. Results show more than 17% of chest infections among admitted patients in ICU with other than chest infections and health care staff had exposed to corona. Conclusion: The use of disposable suction bottles shows less exposure to disease in admitted patients and health care workers. The number of cases had reduced after the use of disposable suction apparatuses.
{"title":"Effects of disposable suctions bottle in endotracheal suctioning COVID-19 infection and exposures of nurses","authors":"Riffat Naheed Hunjra, Zara Riaz","doi":"10.32593/jstmu/vol5.iss1.171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32593/jstmu/vol5.iss1.171","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Covid-19 is a highly contagious infection that affects healthcare personnel and patients in critical care units. Specifically, while doing endotracheal suctioning of patients, those having severe lung obstruction may have a higher risk of transmitting infections. The speedy emergence and global extent of this COVID-19 shaped a major challenge in the healthcare industry, mainly with the unavailability of personal protective equipment (PPE) to take care of families, patients and Health Care workers. \u0000Purpose: The objectives of this study was set out to measure the evidence-based practices and impact of the disposable suction bottles on patients as well as health care workers who are directly in contact with COVID-19 patient handling. \u0000Methodology: Data have been collected from 200 intensive care nursing staff of 3 public & private hospitals. Weekly reports and physical surveys were done in critical areas, from the infection control committee, The NCOC data centers. The quantitative research has been design. Data analysis is done on SPSS version 21. \u0000Results: Data collected from both male and female staff. The age group of 25 years was 51% more than 49%. Results show more than 17% of chest infections among admitted patients in ICU with other than chest infections and health care staff had exposed to corona. \u0000Conclusion: The use of disposable suction bottles shows less exposure to disease in admitted patients and health care workers. The number of cases had reduced after the use of disposable suction apparatuses.","PeriodicalId":302306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University","volume":"520 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131869374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-03DOI: 10.32593/jstmu/vol5.iss1.139
R. T. Mirza, S. Haseeb, Fahad Mushtaq, Yashfeen Malik, O. Ehsan
The mycotic tuberculous aneurysm of the Abdominal Aorta is an extremely rare disease. An aortic mycotic aneurysm is a life-threatening condition caused by tuberculous infection. Tuberculous aneurysms of the aorta usually present as rapidly growing or ruptured pseudoaneurysms. Most of these aneurysms are of the pseudoaneurysm type. We presented a case of a 61-year-old man who was diagnosed with a tubercular abdominal aortic mycotic aneurysm associated with the posterior invasion of the vertebral body leading to discitis. The patient underwent a mycotic aneurysm repair with grafting. Even with a combination of surgical and medical treatment, a favorable outcome could not be achieved.
{"title":"Mycotic tubercular abdominal aortic aneurysm: A case report","authors":"R. T. Mirza, S. Haseeb, Fahad Mushtaq, Yashfeen Malik, O. Ehsan","doi":"10.32593/jstmu/vol5.iss1.139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32593/jstmu/vol5.iss1.139","url":null,"abstract":"The mycotic tuberculous aneurysm of the Abdominal Aorta is an extremely rare disease. An aortic mycotic aneurysm is a life-threatening condition caused by tuberculous infection. Tuberculous aneurysms of the aorta usually present as rapidly growing or ruptured pseudoaneurysms. Most of these aneurysms are of the pseudoaneurysm type. We presented a case of a 61-year-old man who was diagnosed with a tubercular abdominal aortic mycotic aneurysm associated with the posterior invasion of the vertebral body leading to discitis. The patient underwent a mycotic aneurysm repair with grafting. Even with a combination of surgical and medical treatment, a favorable outcome could not be achieved.","PeriodicalId":302306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129403984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-03DOI: 10.32593/jstmu/vol5.iss1.191
Abdullah Zafar, Sohail Ahmad, K. Ali, B. Khalid, Fareeha Ayyub
Introduction: Textile experts perform extensive close labor in small, densely packed workstations, exposing themselves to a variety of ocular and vision-related issues. Objectives: To find the frequency of asthenopic symptoms among tailors and to associate their asthenopia with their working environment profile which includes many factors such as lighting conditions, position blubs, working hours, working days, and taking breaks during work. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted over five months from October 2018 to February 2019 and it included 325 sewing professionals of garments (tailors) from the tailoring market of Rawalpindi. Study subjects were interviewed through a structured questionnaire that included demographic, working profiles, and symptoms of asthenopia. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 21. The Chi-square test was used to check the association of dependent and independent variables. Results: A total of 325 subjects were included in this study. In the current study total of 48% of the asthenopia is present in tailors. Almost every patient presented with more than one complaint. The most frequent asthenopic symptoms were headache 54.5% followed by watering of the eyes 44.6% and blurriness of vision 44.3%. A significant association was found between asthenopia and lighting conditions with a p-value of 0.01. The working days and spectacle-wearing were also significantly associated with asthenopia. Conclusion: This study showed a relatively high frequency of asthenopia among subjects and it is strongly associated with the lighting conditions and working hours of the subjects.
{"title":"Frequency of asthenopia symptoms among tailors of Rawalpindi: A cross-sectional survey","authors":"Abdullah Zafar, Sohail Ahmad, K. Ali, B. Khalid, Fareeha Ayyub","doi":"10.32593/jstmu/vol5.iss1.191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32593/jstmu/vol5.iss1.191","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Textile experts perform extensive close labor in small, densely packed workstations, exposing themselves to a variety of ocular and vision-related issues. \u0000Objectives: To find the frequency of asthenopic symptoms among tailors and to associate their asthenopia with their working environment profile which includes many factors such as lighting conditions, position blubs, working hours, working days, and taking breaks during work. \u0000Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted over five months from October 2018 to February 2019 and it included 325 sewing professionals of garments (tailors) from the tailoring market of Rawalpindi. Study subjects were interviewed through a structured questionnaire that included demographic, working profiles, and symptoms of asthenopia. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 21. The Chi-square test was used to check the association of dependent and independent variables. \u0000Results: A total of 325 subjects were included in this study. In the current study total of 48% of the asthenopia is present in tailors. Almost every patient presented with more than one complaint. The most frequent asthenopic symptoms were headache 54.5% followed by watering of the eyes 44.6% and blurriness of vision 44.3%. A significant association was found between asthenopia and lighting conditions with a p-value of 0.01. The working days and spectacle-wearing were also significantly associated with asthenopia. \u0000Conclusion: This study showed a relatively high frequency of asthenopia among subjects and it is strongly associated with the lighting conditions and working hours of the subjects.","PeriodicalId":302306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129551586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-03DOI: 10.32593/jstmu/vol5.iss1.140
Bibi Hajira Irshad Ali, K. Dhamani, N. Rizvi
Introduction: Incivility is commonly observed in number of schools including nursing institutions around the world. It affects both, students and faculty members by interrupting class discipline and the learning environment. Thus, understanding the factors leading to incivility in nursing college will assist in identifying strategies to deal with the problem. Objective: To explore the perceptions of nursing students and faculty members about incivility and its factor in nursing education. Methodology: A qualitative descriptive design was used and participants, from a private college of nursing Islamabad, Pakistan, were recruited through purposive sampling. One on one in-depth interview was conducted with five faculty members and 12 students using an open-ended interview guide. Using content analysis, codes were identified and similar codes formed the categories and theme evolved from the categories. Results: Data analysis generated a description of incivility, uncivil behaviors, factors causing incivility, and strategies to overcome incivility as categories. The most leading factors of incivility were the lack of teaching-learning strategies and the socio-cultural and family background of students. The strategies that suggested overcoming incivility were orientation sessions, professional development activities, and developing policies to reduce incivility in the institution. Conclusion: For improving civility in nursing college, insight about incivility among students and faculty members is to be developed and policies to be in place to address unacceptable behaviors in a timely and effective manner.
{"title":"Perceptions of nursing students and nursing faculty about incivility and its factors in nursing education: A descriptive qualitative study","authors":"Bibi Hajira Irshad Ali, K. Dhamani, N. Rizvi","doi":"10.32593/jstmu/vol5.iss1.140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32593/jstmu/vol5.iss1.140","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Incivility is commonly observed in number of schools including nursing institutions around the world. It affects both, students and faculty members by interrupting class discipline and the learning environment. Thus, understanding the factors leading to incivility in nursing college will assist in identifying strategies to deal with the problem. \u0000Objective: To explore the perceptions of nursing students and faculty members about incivility and its factor in nursing education. \u0000Methodology: A qualitative descriptive design was used and participants, from a private college of nursing Islamabad, Pakistan, were recruited through purposive sampling. One on one in-depth interview was conducted with five faculty members and 12 students using an open-ended interview guide. Using content analysis, codes were identified and similar codes formed the categories and theme evolved from the categories. \u0000Results: Data analysis generated a description of incivility, uncivil behaviors, factors causing incivility, and strategies to overcome incivility as categories. The most leading factors of incivility were the lack of teaching-learning strategies and the socio-cultural and family background of students. The strategies that suggested overcoming incivility were orientation sessions, professional development activities, and developing policies to reduce incivility in the institution. \u0000Conclusion: For improving civility in nursing college, insight about incivility among students and faculty members is to be developed and policies to be in place to address unacceptable behaviors in a timely and effective manner.","PeriodicalId":302306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132049409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-03DOI: 10.32593/jstmu/vol5.iss1.187
Samara Siddique, Waqas Amin, Sahira Aaraj, T. Fatima, Y. Imran, Asif Islam
Introduction: End stage Renal Disease refers to permanent, irreversible loss of renal functions due to variety of underlying disorders. The condition is quite prevalent in our part of the world. The occurrence of Restless legs syndrome (RLS) in such patients, especially those on hemodialysis, surpasses that in the general population. RLS significantly blemishes their quality of life. The syndrome has subtle and nonspecific symptoms which are commonly neglected in dialysis centers. The study aims to determine the frequency of restless leg syndrome in patients of advanced renal disease. Methodology: A Cross Sectional Study conducted at Department of Medicine, Mayo Hospital Lahore from Dec 2018 to June 2019 (6 months). Patients of 20-80 years of age and of both genders, diagnosed as ESRD for ≥3 months were enrolled and evaluated for RLS. The condition was diagnosed as per International RLS Study Group (IRLSSG) criteria. The demographic data (age, gender, BMI and duration of symptoms) was recorded. History of smoking, alcohol use and chronicity of disease was also noted. Mean and percentages were calculated. Chi-Square test was applied. p-value of ≤0.05 was taken as significant. Results: Total of 75 patients were enrolled. Males were 54 (72.0%) while 21 (28.0%) were females. Mean age was 47.3±13.1(22-73) years. RLS was observed in 29 (38.7%) cases. Age, gender, duration of illness, smoking and alcohol consumption had no significant association with RLS (p values 0.642, 0.669, 0.208, 0.245, 0.565, 0.745) respectively. Conclusion: Restless legs syndrome is frequently encountered condition in ESRD patients.
{"title":"Restless leg syndrome (RLS) in end stage renal disease","authors":"Samara Siddique, Waqas Amin, Sahira Aaraj, T. Fatima, Y. Imran, Asif Islam","doi":"10.32593/jstmu/vol5.iss1.187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32593/jstmu/vol5.iss1.187","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: End stage Renal Disease refers to permanent, irreversible loss of renal functions due to variety of underlying disorders. The condition is quite prevalent in our part of the world. The occurrence of Restless legs syndrome (RLS) in such patients, especially those on hemodialysis, surpasses that in the general population. RLS significantly blemishes their quality of life. The syndrome has subtle and nonspecific symptoms which are commonly neglected in dialysis centers. The study aims to determine the frequency of restless leg syndrome in patients of advanced renal disease. \u0000Methodology: A Cross Sectional Study conducted at Department of Medicine, Mayo Hospital Lahore from Dec 2018 to June 2019 (6 months). Patients of 20-80 years of age and of both genders, diagnosed as ESRD for ≥3 months were enrolled and evaluated for RLS. The condition was diagnosed as per International RLS Study Group (IRLSSG) criteria. The demographic data (age, gender, BMI and duration of symptoms) was recorded. History of smoking, alcohol use and chronicity of disease was also noted. Mean and percentages were calculated. Chi-Square test was applied. p-value of ≤0.05 was taken as significant. \u0000Results: Total of 75 patients were enrolled. Males were 54 (72.0%) while 21 (28.0%) were females. Mean age was 47.3±13.1(22-73) years. RLS was observed in 29 (38.7%) cases. Age, gender, duration of illness, smoking and alcohol consumption had no significant association with RLS (p values 0.642, 0.669, 0.208, 0.245, 0.565, 0.745) respectively. \u0000Conclusion: Restless legs syndrome is frequently encountered condition in ESRD patients.","PeriodicalId":302306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124071417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-03DOI: 10.32593/jstmu/vol5.iss1.185
M. Sharif, M. Mukhtar, A. Khan, Zalan Khan, S. Abbas, S. Abbas.
Introduction: Patients with tethered cord syndrome become symptomatic during the period of their growth spurt. Apart from progressive foot and spinal deformities, patients also develop motor deficits and bladder and bowel dysfunction. Early diagnosis and adequate release of the tethered cord are indispensable to successful management. Objectives: To study the trends in the neurological outcome after surgical treatment of cord tethering in pediatric population. Methodology: Study was carried out from January 2018 to December 2019 at neurosurgery department, Fauji Foundation Hospital Rawalpindi. Thirty-five patients were included in the study who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Results: The average age of the patients at the time of the intervention was 11 years. There were 21 females (60.0%) and 14 males (40.0%). The distribution of neurological status improvement tells improvement in back pain in 28 patients (80%), improvement in motor function in 14 patients (40%), and improvement in urinary incontinence in 7 patients (20%). Conclusion: This study concludes that back ache improves significantly after surgery while urinary incontinence is the least benefited symptom. Untethering along with the rehabilitation also helps majority of the patients with motor deficit. The ratio of symptomatic relief was best for backache and motor function and then improvement in the urinary control.
{"title":"Surgical outcome of pediatric patients with symptomatic tethered cord syndrome at a tertiary care hospital","authors":"M. Sharif, M. Mukhtar, A. Khan, Zalan Khan, S. Abbas, S. Abbas.","doi":"10.32593/jstmu/vol5.iss1.185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32593/jstmu/vol5.iss1.185","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Patients with tethered cord syndrome become symptomatic during the period of their growth spurt. Apart from progressive foot and spinal deformities, patients also develop motor deficits and bladder and bowel dysfunction. Early diagnosis and adequate release of the tethered cord are indispensable to successful management. \u0000Objectives: To study the trends in the neurological outcome after surgical treatment of cord tethering in pediatric population. \u0000Methodology: Study was carried out from January 2018 to December 2019 at neurosurgery department, Fauji Foundation Hospital Rawalpindi. Thirty-five patients were included in the study who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. \u0000Results: The average age of the patients at the time of the intervention was 11 years. There were 21 females (60.0%) and 14 males (40.0%). The distribution of neurological status improvement tells improvement in back pain in 28 patients (80%), improvement in motor function in 14 patients (40%), and improvement in urinary incontinence in 7 patients (20%). \u0000Conclusion: This study concludes that back ache improves significantly after surgery while urinary incontinence is the least benefited symptom. Untethering along with the rehabilitation also helps majority of the patients with motor deficit. The ratio of symptomatic relief was best for backache and motor function and then improvement in the urinary control.","PeriodicalId":302306,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University","volume":" 41","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120830231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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