Ali Emrouznejad, Vishal Panchmatia, Roya Gholami, Carolee Rigsbee, Hasan B. Kartal
Previous studies examining the electricity consumption behavior using traditional research methods, before the smart-meter era, mostly worked on fewer variables, and the practical implications of the findings were predominantly tailored towards suppliers and businesses rather than residents. This study first provides an overview of prior research findings on electric energy use patterns and their predictors in the pre and post smart-meter era, honing in on machine learning techniques for the latter. It then addresses identified gaps in the literature by: 1) analyzing a highly detailed dataset containing a variety of variables on the physical, demographic, and socioeconomic characteristics of households using unsupervised machine learning algorithms, including feature selection and cluster analysis; and 2) examining the environmental attitude of high consumption and low consumption clusters to generate practical implications for residents.
{"title":"Analysis of Smart Meter Data With Machine Learning for Implications Targeted Towards Residents","authors":"Ali Emrouznejad, Vishal Panchmatia, Roya Gholami, Carolee Rigsbee, Hasan B. Kartal","doi":"10.4018/ijupsc.318337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijupsc.318337","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies examining the electricity consumption behavior using traditional research methods, before the smart-meter era, mostly worked on fewer variables, and the practical implications of the findings were predominantly tailored towards suppliers and businesses rather than residents. This study first provides an overview of prior research findings on electric energy use patterns and their predictors in the pre and post smart-meter era, honing in on machine learning techniques for the latter. It then addresses identified gaps in the literature by: 1) analyzing a highly detailed dataset containing a variety of variables on the physical, demographic, and socioeconomic characteristics of households using unsupervised machine learning algorithms, including feature selection and cluster analysis; and 2) examining the environmental attitude of high consumption and low consumption clusters to generate practical implications for residents.","PeriodicalId":302697,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Urban Planning and Smart Cities","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129204284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Urban sprawl is a global concern, however, developing countries are failing to effectively overcome this problem. For instance, in Pakistan, urban development policies are tenuous and urban areas remained without certified boundaries. This failure is mainly causing an unfettered sprawl in major cities of the country. An alarming fact is that most of the urban sprawl is consistently taking place on fertile agricultural land in the peripheries of cities. The researcher has verified the problem through literature and by supervised classification of the satellite imageries to specifically verify growth of Peshawar city. This research contributed to unveil the fundamental causes of the unrestricted urban sprawl and its aftereffects in the context of Pakistan. Finally certain reforms and techniques are suggested to curb leapfrogged and low-density haphazard growth of cities.
{"title":"Drivers of Unfettered Urban Sprawl in Pakistan","authors":"N. Ahmad","doi":"10.4018/ijupsc.317926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijupsc.317926","url":null,"abstract":"Urban sprawl is a global concern, however, developing countries are failing to effectively overcome this problem. For instance, in Pakistan, urban development policies are tenuous and urban areas remained without certified boundaries. This failure is mainly causing an unfettered sprawl in major cities of the country. An alarming fact is that most of the urban sprawl is consistently taking place on fertile agricultural land in the peripheries of cities. The researcher has verified the problem through literature and by supervised classification of the satellite imageries to specifically verify growth of Peshawar city. This research contributed to unveil the fundamental causes of the unrestricted urban sprawl and its aftereffects in the context of Pakistan. Finally certain reforms and techniques are suggested to curb leapfrogged and low-density haphazard growth of cities.","PeriodicalId":302697,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Urban Planning and Smart Cities","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115072931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In terms of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, each one has a fundamental right to decent housing. This is to ensure adequate access to a safe, secure, habitable, and affordable housing (AH) irrespective of income or access to economic resources. Several studies estimate housing shortage in Namibia to over 100,000 units and one of the main reasons poor delivery of AH. The housing shortage in Namibia is arguably perpetuated due to using conventional methods of construction. Using economic, lean construction, public interest theories, and project management; Alternative Building Technologies (ABT) promises a delivery mechanism for AH in Namibia. Hence, adopting a mixed methods research strategy, using data collected through interviews and questionnaires, and analysis done qualitatively using Vivo coding and quantitatively using descriptive statistical methods, the issue is explored. Findings reflect that the delivery of AH can be improved using ABT as it reduces the construction time, cost, waste besides environmental conservation.
{"title":"Alternative Building Technologies as a Delivery Mechanism for Affordable Housing","authors":"","doi":"10.4018/ijupsc.302129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijupsc.302129","url":null,"abstract":"In terms of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, each one has a fundamental right to decent housing. This is to ensure adequate access to a safe, secure, habitable, and affordable housing (AH) irrespective of income or access to economic resources. Several studies estimate housing shortage in Namibia to over 100,000 units and one of the main reasons poor delivery of AH. The housing shortage in Namibia is arguably perpetuated due to using conventional methods of construction. Using economic, lean construction, public interest theories, and project management; Alternative Building Technologies (ABT) promises a delivery mechanism for AH in Namibia. Hence, adopting a mixed methods research strategy, using data collected through interviews and questionnaires, and analysis done qualitatively using Vivo coding and quantitatively using descriptive statistical methods, the issue is explored. Findings reflect that the delivery of AH can be improved using ABT as it reduces the construction time, cost, waste besides environmental conservation.","PeriodicalId":302697,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Urban Planning and Smart Cities","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126753614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Unplanned constructions of high-rise buildings are continuing to fulfill the demand for commercialization in cities. This change in land use has overlooked to consider the associated infrastructure. Beside other problems, it thoroughly escalates vehicular movement and makes the environment more vulnerable. Symptomatic approaches from the government continue but could not succeed to avert the danger permanently. This research has examined circulation pattern and traffic flow on major roads of the city. Beside it, the performance of Vehicle Emission Testing Station is reviewed. The author found that disproportionate change in land use has intensified vehicular movement and the crammed road network spoiled all the curative measures. A professional’s interviews were carried out to understand the problem. During professional discussion many things were found missing within the management system of the city. Therefore, the researcher developed a systematic approach/model to incorporate all aspects of the missing components in order to curb air pollution effectively in cities.
{"title":"Cities Growth Pattern Intensifying Complexities to Control Vehicular Exhaust Pollution in Pakistan. (A case study of Peshawar city)","authors":"","doi":"10.4018/ijupsc.301554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijupsc.301554","url":null,"abstract":"Unplanned constructions of high-rise buildings are continuing to fulfill the demand for commercialization in cities. This change in land use has overlooked to consider the associated infrastructure. Beside other problems, it thoroughly escalates vehicular movement and makes the environment more vulnerable. Symptomatic approaches from the government continue but could not succeed to avert the danger permanently. This research has examined circulation pattern and traffic flow on major roads of the city. Beside it, the performance of Vehicle Emission Testing Station is reviewed. The author found that disproportionate change in land use has intensified vehicular movement and the crammed road network spoiled all the curative measures. A professional’s interviews were carried out to understand the problem. During professional discussion many things were found missing within the management system of the city. Therefore, the researcher developed a systematic approach/model to incorporate all aspects of the missing components in order to curb air pollution effectively in cities.","PeriodicalId":302697,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Urban Planning and Smart Cities","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127489892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this article, we present exploratory research about privacy behaviour n a smart city. We ask if, how and why people share personal data in a smart city environment. We designed a gamified survey that offers realistic scenarios in which people are asked to identify smart technologies and to share or withhold their personal data. Our findings show that most respondents are willing to share their data for surveillance purposes and security benefits. We found that privacy behaviour was directly and most strongly explained by privacy concerns: people with more concerns shared less personal data than others. Smart city literacy had a much smaller effect on privacy behaviour, as did age, education, and income. We found no effect of gender or place of residence on any of the dependent variables. We discuss the meanings of these outcomes for local governments as a matter of digital placemaking, i.e. designing the smart city in a way that makes technology visible and provides transparency with respect to privacy and data governance.
{"title":"Privacy Behavior in Smart Cities","authors":"L. V. Zoonen, Els Leclercq","doi":"10.4018/ijupsc.302127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijupsc.302127","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we present exploratory research about privacy behaviour n a smart city. We ask if, how and why people share personal data in a smart city environment. We designed a gamified survey that offers realistic scenarios in which people are asked to identify smart technologies and to share or withhold their personal data. Our findings show that most respondents are willing to share their data for surveillance purposes and security benefits. We found that privacy behaviour was directly and most strongly explained by privacy concerns: people with more concerns shared less personal data than others. Smart city literacy had a much smaller effect on privacy behaviour, as did age, education, and income. We found no effect of gender or place of residence on any of the dependent variables. We discuss the meanings of these outcomes for local governments as a matter of digital placemaking, i.e. designing the smart city in a way that makes technology visible and provides transparency with respect to privacy and data governance.","PeriodicalId":302697,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Urban Planning and Smart Cities","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129903265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A food desert is an area with limited access to healthy and affordable food. This study evaluates various alternatives of a last-mile fresh food delivery system to address issues of limited access to fresh food sources for individuals living in so-called food deserts. Six different combinations of five transportation modes – truck, e-bike, shared-ride, pop-up truck, and third-party delivery car – and a locker facility system, are evaluated to determine the total delivery cost to serve a food desert area. The characteristics of each transportation mode are presented, and the total costs of delivery, including user costs, are computed for a case study area in Baltimore. The Network Analyst extension in ArcGIS 10.6 is used to estimate travel time, distance and costs. The results show that delivery by a third party is the most cost-effective, followed by trucks and e-bikes. The shared-vehicle and pickup bus alternatives are the most expensive. On the other hand, deliveries made by pop-up trucks have the lowest operating cost.
{"title":"Optimized Options for Fresh Food Deliveries in Baltimore Food Deserts","authors":"","doi":"10.4018/ijupsc.301555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijupsc.301555","url":null,"abstract":"A food desert is an area with limited access to healthy and affordable food. This study evaluates various alternatives of a last-mile fresh food delivery system to address issues of limited access to fresh food sources for individuals living in so-called food deserts. Six different combinations of five transportation modes – truck, e-bike, shared-ride, pop-up truck, and third-party delivery car – and a locker facility system, are evaluated to determine the total delivery cost to serve a food desert area. The characteristics of each transportation mode are presented, and the total costs of delivery, including user costs, are computed for a case study area in Baltimore. The Network Analyst extension in ArcGIS 10.6 is used to estimate travel time, distance and costs. The results show that delivery by a third party is the most cost-effective, followed by trucks and e-bikes. The shared-vehicle and pickup bus alternatives are the most expensive. On the other hand, deliveries made by pop-up trucks have the lowest operating cost.","PeriodicalId":302697,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Urban Planning and Smart Cities","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133193962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study provides a variety of theoretical approaches that have been used worldwide in the provision of affordable housing for low-income groups in society. Most housing initiatives for low-income groups have failed because of a lack of a systematic administrative and legal framework with little involvement of the beneficiaries. One of the reasons for such failure has been a communication gap between beneficiaries and the housing providers. In most countries, banks and formal housing agencies do not have adequate knowledge about the financial ability of the urban poor. This means that the low-income urban households are excluded from benefiting. Therefore, this study focuses on four main policy approaches that have been used by stakeholders in the provision of urban housing. These are Statist, World Bank, Mixed Social Market, and Collaborative policy approaches.
{"title":"Policy Approaches in Affordable Urban Housing for Low-Income Earners","authors":"","doi":"10.4018/ijupsc.301553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijupsc.301553","url":null,"abstract":"This study provides a variety of theoretical approaches that have been used worldwide in the provision of affordable housing for low-income groups in society. Most housing initiatives for low-income groups have failed because of a lack of a systematic administrative and legal framework with little involvement of the beneficiaries. One of the reasons for such failure has been a communication gap between beneficiaries and the housing providers. In most countries, banks and formal housing agencies do not have adequate knowledge about the financial ability of the urban poor. This means that the low-income urban households are excluded from benefiting. Therefore, this study focuses on four main policy approaches that have been used by stakeholders in the provision of urban housing. These are Statist, World Bank, Mixed Social Market, and Collaborative policy approaches.","PeriodicalId":302697,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Urban Planning and Smart Cities","volume":"185 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132037033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract: Implementation of cities’ development plans is a continuous failure in Pakistan. Uncontrolled urbanization and an ineffective development plan system has placed enormous hurdles on the way to wholesome progress. Until now enough attention has not been paid to radically review the present system of physical planning or to ascertain reforms from a good practice. This research examines the development plan system of UK in order to find lacunae and gaps within the urban planning system of Pakistan. A list of parameters was developed from the contents and format of the key components of urban development plans of UK. Beside these parameters legal provision and institutional assessment were also made for deeper understanding in both cases. Consequently, many areas for reforms are identified in our system of urban planning. A reformation mechanism for the system is formed to enable urban planner to avoid further chaos in cities of Pakistan.
{"title":"How UK inculcate cities development plans into governmental action, Tips for urban planning reforms in Pakistan.","authors":"","doi":"10.4018/ijupsc.301551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijupsc.301551","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Implementation of cities’ development plans is a continuous failure in Pakistan. Uncontrolled urbanization and an ineffective development plan system has placed enormous hurdles on the way to wholesome progress. Until now enough attention has not been paid to radically review the present system of physical planning or to ascertain reforms from a good practice. This research examines the development plan system of UK in order to find lacunae and gaps within the urban planning system of Pakistan. A list of parameters was developed from the contents and format of the key components of urban development plans of UK. Beside these parameters legal provision and institutional assessment were also made for deeper understanding in both cases. Consequently, many areas for reforms are identified in our system of urban planning. A reformation mechanism for the system is formed to enable urban planner to avoid further chaos in cities of Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":302697,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Urban Planning and Smart Cities","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132833039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This analysis has the objective of addressing the shrinkage of the Municipality of Guadalajara in the state of Jalisco, México treated here as the counterpart of suburban expansion, which has been caused mainly by the depopulation the city and determines a tendency that defines the dynamics of the great contemporary metropolis in terms of urban sustainable governance. The methodology used consisted of tours to neighborhoods and communities, the observation of structure and the opinion of qualified informants, in addition to the review of documents of municipal government institutions and publications in the local press. The analysis concludes that the great challenges of the policy based on sustainable urban governance of territorial distribution of the population to reverse the depopulation and shrinkage of the municipality of Guadalajara are to achieve a balance of the same within the territory in accordance with a sustainable territorial order, and take advantage of the competitive advantages that the city offers, framed so much in the local economy as a state.
{"title":"Urban Shrinkage and Depopulation Dynamics for Sustainable Urban Governance","authors":"","doi":"10.4018/ijupsc.302130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijupsc.302130","url":null,"abstract":"This analysis has the objective of addressing the shrinkage of the Municipality of Guadalajara in the state of Jalisco, México treated here as the counterpart of suburban expansion, which has been caused mainly by the depopulation the city and determines a tendency that defines the dynamics of the great contemporary metropolis in terms of urban sustainable governance. The methodology used consisted of tours to neighborhoods and communities, the observation of structure and the opinion of qualified informants, in addition to the review of documents of municipal government institutions and publications in the local press. The analysis concludes that the great challenges of the policy based on sustainable urban governance of territorial distribution of the population to reverse the depopulation and shrinkage of the municipality of Guadalajara are to achieve a balance of the same within the territory in accordance with a sustainable territorial order, and take advantage of the competitive advantages that the city offers, framed so much in the local economy as a state.","PeriodicalId":302697,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Urban Planning and Smart Cities","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124038398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Social sustainability has been less studied than its counterparts, economic and environmental sustainability. Furthermore, social sustainability has not been often discussed within the discipline of public health and let alone, there has been very little discussion about the potential impact of neighbourhood social sustainability on health related outcomes as well as health inequities. This perspective paper attempts to fill that gap by igniting a discussion on how neighbourhood social sustainability can affect health equity in the context of health promotion and sustainable development. Neighbourhood social sustainability through urban renewal can contribute to the reduction of inequalities in health only if the process takes into account the health and wellbeing of the most disadvantaged groups. In addition, it is important that public health researchers become part of the discussions on how neighbourhood social sustainability can contribute to population health equity.
{"title":"Neighbourhood Social Sustainability, Urban Renewal and Health Inequalities","authors":"","doi":"10.4018/ijupsc.301552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/ijupsc.301552","url":null,"abstract":"Social sustainability has been less studied than its counterparts, economic and environmental sustainability. Furthermore, social sustainability has not been often discussed within the discipline of public health and let alone, there has been very little discussion about the potential impact of neighbourhood social sustainability on health related outcomes as well as health inequities. This perspective paper attempts to fill that gap by igniting a discussion on how neighbourhood social sustainability can affect health equity in the context of health promotion and sustainable development. Neighbourhood social sustainability through urban renewal can contribute to the reduction of inequalities in health only if the process takes into account the health and wellbeing of the most disadvantaged groups. In addition, it is important that public health researchers become part of the discussions on how neighbourhood social sustainability can contribute to population health equity.","PeriodicalId":302697,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Urban Planning and Smart Cities","volume":"826 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116142407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：