Mohamed Hany B. Moussa,, Fatma Abdul-AAL, Hassan Mohamed Khair
The hotel industry is one of the world’s oldest commercial industries (Bovin 2019). The industry is rapidly expanding, necessitating the assignment of tasks to skilled staff that will ensure client satisfaction. Hotel investment activities in African countries have lately increased (Ernst & Young 2013), and new hotel developments have become the fastest rising economic activity not just in Sub-Saharan Africa but also globally (Ernst & Young 2013). Human resource allocation in hotels refers to the assignment of hotel workers to service tasks, where staff can only be engaged for a certain amount of time due to labor laws. Human resource allocation requirements differ depending on the application area (Kayoko et al. 2011). The system’s success is frequently ascribed to how well it manages human resources. It is a critical issue in order to improve performance. When a task requires certain abilities, such as accounting skills, a human resource that handles the activity should have those skills in order to complete the assignment efficiently (Ernst et al. 2014). On the other hand, the impact of personality traits on employee job performance is undeniable, and many businesses take use of this effect. One of the most important psychological aspects influencing human behavior is personality. It is said to be crucial in the workplace. Personality qualities have an essential influence in improving an employee's job performance’s efficiency and are probably much weighted than technical ones. Personality traits are favorably connected with job success, and conscientiousness has attributes that directly correspond to job performance of employees with the highest weights, according to previous researches. It is the main objective of this paper to find out whether personalities traits from one side outweighs employees’ skills from the other side taking PR employees of economy hotels in Cairo as a sample for application and how could this contribute to the performance of the hotel. Keywords: attitudes, skills, cognitive personality traits, PR department, economy hotels, reputation and performance
酒店业是世界上最古老的商业行业之一(Bovin 2019)。该行业正在迅速扩张，需要将任务分配给熟练的员工，以确保客户满意。非洲国家的酒店投资活动最近有所增加(Ernst & Young 2013)，新的酒店开发已成为撒哈拉以南非洲乃至全球增长最快的经济活动(Ernst & Young 2013)。酒店人力资源配置是指酒店员工被分配到服务任务中，根据劳动法规定，员工只能从事一定的时间。人力资源配置要求因应用领域而异(Kayoko et al. 2011)。该系统的成功通常归因于它对人力资源的管理。为了提高性能，这是一个关键问题。当一项任务需要某些能力时，例如会计技能，处理该活动的人力资源应该具备这些技能，以便有效地完成任务(Ernst et al. 2014)。另一方面，人格特质对员工工作绩效的影响是不可否认的，许多企业都利用了这一效应。影响人类行为的最重要的心理因素之一是人格。据说这在工作中是至关重要的。个性素质对提高员工的工作绩效效率有着重要的影响，而且可能比技术素质更重要。根据之前的研究，人格特质与工作成功有着良好的联系，而责任心与员工的工作表现有着直接对应的属性，权重最高。本文的主要目的是以开罗经济型酒店的公关员工为样本进行应用，找出一方的个性特征是否大于另一方的员工技能，以及这对酒店绩效的影响。关键词:态度、技能、认知人格特征、公关部、经济型酒店、声誉与绩效
{"title":"How Acquired Technical Skills Surpass Cognitive Personality Traits of PR Employees: A Case Study of Economy Hotels in Egypt","authors":"Mohamed Hany B. Moussa,, Fatma Abdul-AAL, Hassan Mohamed Khair","doi":"10.30958/ajt.9-3-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/ajt.9-3-1","url":null,"abstract":"The hotel industry is one of the world’s oldest commercial industries (Bovin 2019). The industry is rapidly expanding, necessitating the assignment of tasks to skilled staff that will ensure client satisfaction. Hotel investment activities in African countries have lately increased (Ernst & Young 2013), and new hotel developments have become the fastest rising economic activity not just in Sub-Saharan Africa but also globally (Ernst & Young 2013). Human resource allocation in hotels refers to the assignment of hotel workers to service tasks, where staff can only be engaged for a certain amount of time due to labor laws. Human resource allocation requirements differ depending on the application area (Kayoko et al. 2011). The system’s success is frequently ascribed to how well it manages human resources. It is a critical issue in order to improve performance. When a task requires certain abilities, such as accounting skills, a human resource that handles the activity should have those skills in order to complete the assignment efficiently (Ernst et al. 2014). On the other hand, the impact of personality traits on employee job performance is undeniable, and many businesses take use of this effect. One of the most important psychological aspects influencing human behavior is personality. It is said to be crucial in the workplace. Personality qualities have an essential influence in improving an employee's job performance’s efficiency and are probably much weighted than technical ones. Personality traits are favorably connected with job success, and conscientiousness has attributes that directly correspond to job performance of employees with the highest weights, according to previous researches. It is the main objective of this paper to find out whether personalities traits from one side outweighs employees’ skills from the other side taking PR employees of economy hotels in Cairo as a sample for application and how could this contribute to the performance of the hotel. Keywords: attitudes, skills, cognitive personality traits, PR department, economy hotels, reputation and performance","PeriodicalId":302918,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Tourism","volume":"135 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132193479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Masooma Khamis Al-Balushi, Tamer Mohamed Atef, Najwa Murad Al-Balushi, Qais Abdullah Al-Keyumi
A tourist experience has been found to be formulated out of the sequence of events and encounters lived over the experience duration. But rarely has the element of legal knowledge and awareness been considered as a formulating/shaping factor. There is no such thing as a tourist bubble in an authentic tourism experience. Actions and interactions between tourists and the host community sometimes would lead to frictions, in most cases these frictions are initiated by culture differences, communications problems, and at a distance not so far comes the legal perceptions differences and in many cases ignorance. Hence, stands out the role of tourism affiliates in protecting tourists, host community, and country’s assets and heritage. The study aims to develop the legal knowledge of tourism and hospitality students and industry affiliates. To achieve the study aim the following objectives were proposed: • To assess the current status of law/legislations courses offered to tourism and hospitality students • To develop the law/legislations course syllabus and teaching approach • To propose a means of law/legislations knowledge dissemination among industry affiliates Keywords: education, Egypt, ethics, hospitality, law, legislations, Oman, tourism
{"title":"Law and Business Ethics Education for Tourism and Hospitality “Knowledge Development and Awareness Dissemination”","authors":"Masooma Khamis Al-Balushi, Tamer Mohamed Atef, Najwa Murad Al-Balushi, Qais Abdullah Al-Keyumi","doi":"10.30958/ajt.9-3-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/ajt.9-3-3","url":null,"abstract":"A tourist experience has been found to be formulated out of the sequence of events and encounters lived over the experience duration. But rarely has the element of legal knowledge and awareness been considered as a formulating/shaping factor. There is no such thing as a tourist bubble in an authentic tourism experience. Actions and interactions between tourists and the host community sometimes would lead to frictions, in most cases these frictions are initiated by culture differences, communications problems, and at a distance not so far comes the legal perceptions differences and in many cases ignorance. Hence, stands out the role of tourism affiliates in protecting tourists, host community, and country’s assets and heritage. The study aims to develop the legal knowledge of tourism and hospitality students and industry affiliates. To achieve the study aim the following objectives were proposed: • To assess the current status of law/legislations courses offered to tourism and hospitality students • To develop the law/legislations course syllabus and teaching approach • To propose a means of law/legislations knowledge dissemination among industry affiliates Keywords: education, Egypt, ethics, hospitality, law, legislations, Oman, tourism","PeriodicalId":302918,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Tourism","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126874636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In a crowded global marketplace, destinations are competing against each other to attract tourists; and culture is one of the most important elements in the tourism product, as it offers an authentic and distinctive trait to the destination. Not only does it trigger the tourist’s “visitability”, but also encourages the local people and investors for profitability objectives. Therefore, public authorities and private actors capitalize on cultural resources to enhance the region’s attractiveness. Research in the field has revealed the importance of the tourist’s motives and their behaviors for a better adjustment of the touristic offer, and the urge to identify the different cultural tourist’s segments to adapt the cultural offer to each segment. This paper provides a review of the existing literature, and examines the tourist’s motivation for the choice of a destination characterized by its cultural assets. It also revolves around exploring the different cultural tourist’s segments based on the theoretical background review. Dealing with the reasons behind the choice of a destination has been discussed over the years. Culture on the other hand has been explored from different perspectives. In this paper, we consider culture as a product in order to investigate the different cultural tourists’ segments. Although culture and tourism are distinct sectors with separate strategies, together combined serve the same goal, which is to promote and enhance the attractiveness of a destination in order to lead to its development. Given the importance of understanding tourist’s motivations in one’s economy, we have chosen to direct our attention in this paper to the theoretical underpinnings of cultural tourism and the motivations that incite tourists to choose a cultural destination. Keywords: tourist’s motivation, choice of a destination, cultural assets, cultural tourists’ segments
{"title":"Tourist’s Segmentation Based on Culture as their Primary Motivation","authors":"Soukaina Sayeh","doi":"10.30958/ajt.9-3-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/ajt.9-3-4","url":null,"abstract":"In a crowded global marketplace, destinations are competing against each other to attract tourists; and culture is one of the most important elements in the tourism product, as it offers an authentic and distinctive trait to the destination. Not only does it trigger the tourist’s “visitability”, but also encourages the local people and investors for profitability objectives. Therefore, public authorities and private actors capitalize on cultural resources to enhance the region’s attractiveness. Research in the field has revealed the importance of the tourist’s motives and their behaviors for a better adjustment of the touristic offer, and the urge to identify the different cultural tourist’s segments to adapt the cultural offer to each segment. This paper provides a review of the existing literature, and examines the tourist’s motivation for the choice of a destination characterized by its cultural assets. It also revolves around exploring the different cultural tourist’s segments based on the theoretical background review. Dealing with the reasons behind the choice of a destination has been discussed over the years. Culture on the other hand has been explored from different perspectives. In this paper, we consider culture as a product in order to investigate the different cultural tourists’ segments. Although culture and tourism are distinct sectors with separate strategies, together combined serve the same goal, which is to promote and enhance the attractiveness of a destination in order to lead to its development. Given the importance of understanding tourist’s motivations in one’s economy, we have chosen to direct our attention in this paper to the theoretical underpinnings of cultural tourism and the motivations that incite tourists to choose a cultural destination. Keywords: tourist’s motivation, choice of a destination, cultural assets, cultural tourists’ segments","PeriodicalId":302918,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Tourism","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116297884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current development of most tourist destinations is still determined by the continuing impact of the global pandemic of COVID-19, which in 2020 managed to have an unprecedented negative impact on the global tourism industry, returning it to levels known in the 1990s. According to the World Tourism Organization, the loss of international tourist arrivals is 74% in 2020 compared to the previous 2019. The same year saw a loss of revenue from international tourism of $1.3 trillion. In these extremely difficult conditions of existence, most of the tourist organizations turn their attention to destination marketing, as the only tool that allows for successful market positioning and preservation of the existing market share. Because of that this paper will present the theoretical foundations of marketing research in order to raise awareness of their ability to provide complete and plain information, leading to motivated decisions for the strategic development of individual tourist destinations. Keywords: tourist destinations, marketing research, theoretical foundations
{"title":"Theoretical Foundations of Marketing Research in Tourist Destinations","authors":"Svetoslav Kaleychev","doi":"10.30958/ajt.9-2-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/ajt.9-2-4","url":null,"abstract":"The current development of most tourist destinations is still determined by the continuing impact of the global pandemic of COVID-19, which in 2020 managed to have an unprecedented negative impact on the global tourism industry, returning it to levels known in the 1990s. According to the World Tourism Organization, the loss of international tourist arrivals is 74% in 2020 compared to the previous 2019. The same year saw a loss of revenue from international tourism of $1.3 trillion. In these extremely difficult conditions of existence, most of the tourist organizations turn their attention to destination marketing, as the only tool that allows for successful market positioning and preservation of the existing market share. Because of that this paper will present the theoretical foundations of marketing research in order to raise awareness of their ability to provide complete and plain information, leading to motivated decisions for the strategic development of individual tourist destinations. Keywords: tourist destinations, marketing research, theoretical foundations","PeriodicalId":302918,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Tourism","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132403703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The tourism and travel sector is a large and thriving industry, with almost 5 billion international tourist arrivals recorded in 2019, with an annual growth of 4% on the previous year. Yet it suffered a major downturn, globally due to Covid 19. Since the concept of healthcare has existed, humans have been willing to travel to access it. From the spas of the ancient Sumerians, Greeks, and Romans, to the supposed curative properties of alpine and seaside health resorts in early modern Europe, the idea of traveling long distances for health reasons, and marketing destinations for that purpose, is certainly nothing new However, lately, medical tourism has been growing due to the low-cost treatment, Specialization of medical agencies, hospitals, and medical professionals in the host countries. This type of tourism was valued at USD 16.761 million in 2018, and it is expected to reach USD 27,247.6 million by 2024. However, the appearance of COVID 19 has completely changed the tourism sector, where a loss of USD 910 billion to USD 1.2 trillion from export revenues from tourism was reported Moreover, the different types of Tourism and travel industry are taking advantage of Artificial intelligence (AI) in order to perform a variety of administrative and customer service tasks. For medical tourism the development of these technologies (AI, robotic, and so on) play a key role in supporting the medical agencies in connecting physicians and prospective medical tourists. In addition to make it more feasible and credible option for patients, respond to questions and provide valuable information to customers, and allows to reduce the time would be impossible for humans. Furthermore, international remote surgeries will allow various clinical centers to pool their expertise and offer remote surgeries from a central operating theatre that is convenient to access for patients and persuade patients to invest in the local economy. Keywords: Medical Tourism, COVID-19, AI, Robotics.
{"title":"COVID-19: Reshaping Medical Tourism through Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Robotics","authors":"V. Hassan, George Bellos","doi":"10.30958/ajt.9-2-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/ajt.9-2-2","url":null,"abstract":"The tourism and travel sector is a large and thriving industry, with almost 5 billion international tourist arrivals recorded in 2019, with an annual growth of 4% on the previous year. Yet it suffered a major downturn, globally due to Covid 19. Since the concept of healthcare has existed, humans have been willing to travel to access it. From the spas of the ancient Sumerians, Greeks, and Romans, to the supposed curative properties of alpine and seaside health resorts in early modern Europe, the idea of traveling long distances for health reasons, and marketing destinations for that purpose, is certainly nothing new However, lately, medical tourism has been growing due to the low-cost treatment, Specialization of medical agencies, hospitals, and medical professionals in the host countries. This type of tourism was valued at USD 16.761 million in 2018, and it is expected to reach USD 27,247.6 million by 2024. However, the appearance of COVID 19 has completely changed the tourism sector, where a loss of USD 910 billion to USD 1.2 trillion from export revenues from tourism was reported Moreover, the different types of Tourism and travel industry are taking advantage of Artificial intelligence (AI) in order to perform a variety of administrative and customer service tasks. For medical tourism the development of these technologies (AI, robotic, and so on) play a key role in supporting the medical agencies in connecting physicians and prospective medical tourists. In addition to make it more feasible and credible option for patients, respond to questions and provide valuable information to customers, and allows to reduce the time would be impossible for humans. Furthermore, international remote surgeries will allow various clinical centers to pool their expertise and offer remote surgeries from a central operating theatre that is convenient to access for patients and persuade patients to invest in the local economy. Keywords: Medical Tourism, COVID-19, AI, Robotics.","PeriodicalId":302918,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Tourism","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124583161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Tourism Department of Sultan Qaboos University (SQU) undergraduate program (Study Plan 2010) was accredited by the Agency for Quality Assurance through Accreditation of Study Programs (AQAS) in August 2016 for five years. The accreditation was conditional. Within a period of nine months, an action plan to fulfill the condition had to be established and reported to AQAS. How was the accreditation mission accomplished? This study aims to demonstrate the Tourism Department journey to fulfill the AQAS accreditation certification requirements and condition Keywords: AQAS, Education, Hospitality, Program Accreditation, Oman, Quality, Sultan Qaboos University, Tourism.
{"title":"The Tourism Department of Sultan Qaboos University Undergraduate Program Accreditation by AQAS: The Journey and What it Entails","authors":"Masooma Al-Balushi","doi":"10.30958/ajt.9-2-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/ajt.9-2-3","url":null,"abstract":"The Tourism Department of Sultan Qaboos University (SQU) undergraduate program (Study Plan 2010) was accredited by the Agency for Quality Assurance through Accreditation of Study Programs (AQAS) in August 2016 for five years. The accreditation was conditional. Within a period of nine months, an action plan to fulfill the condition had to be established and reported to AQAS. How was the accreditation mission accomplished? This study aims to demonstrate the Tourism Department journey to fulfill the AQAS accreditation certification requirements and condition Keywords: AQAS, Education, Hospitality, Program Accreditation, Oman, Quality, Sultan Qaboos University, Tourism.","PeriodicalId":302918,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Tourism","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126008182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plant-based food is one of the growing sectors within the food industry, and fast food companies may have an important role to play in driving both the trialling, and the consumption, of plant-based foods. This exploratory paper outlines the growth of plant-based foods, explores how the leading fast food companies are incorporating plant-based foods into their menus, and offers some wider reflections on the fast food companies’ approach to plant-based food. The findings reveal that the leading fast food companies within the UK were promoting their plant-based menu items at both the corporate and outlet level. That said, the fast food companies made little, or no, attempt to associate the introduction of plant-based menu items with a healthier diet, and the author suggested that substantially increasing their plant-based menus could provide a challenge to the fast food companies’ traditional business models. More generally, the paper concluded that in the medium-term future, the fast food companies are likely to play a limited, rather than a leading, role in driving plant-based consumption across society, and in contributing to a more sustainable future. Keywords: plant-based foods, fast food companies, menus, healthy diets, sustainable futures
{"title":"Plant-based Food in the Hospitality Industry: An Exploratory Case Study of Leading Fast Food Outlets","authors":"Peter Jones","doi":"10.30958/ajt.9-2-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/ajt.9-2-1","url":null,"abstract":"Plant-based food is one of the growing sectors within the food industry, and fast food companies may have an important role to play in driving both the trialling, and the consumption, of plant-based foods. This exploratory paper outlines the growth of plant-based foods, explores how the leading fast food companies are incorporating plant-based foods into their menus, and offers some wider reflections on the fast food companies’ approach to plant-based food. The findings reveal that the leading fast food companies within the UK were promoting their plant-based menu items at both the corporate and outlet level. That said, the fast food companies made little, or no, attempt to associate the introduction of plant-based menu items with a healthier diet, and the author suggested that substantially increasing their plant-based menus could provide a challenge to the fast food companies’ traditional business models. More generally, the paper concluded that in the medium-term future, the fast food companies are likely to play a limited, rather than a leading, role in driving plant-based consumption across society, and in contributing to a more sustainable future. Keywords: plant-based foods, fast food companies, menus, healthy diets, sustainable futures","PeriodicalId":302918,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Tourism","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121442683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The COVID-19 pandemic has wreaked global economic havoc and disrupted the lives of the majority of the world’s population, and many governments have pursued a wide range of measures to stimulate economic and social recovery. In June 2021 the UK government published a tourism recovery plan, which set out the role that it hopes to play in assisting and accelerating the tourism sector’s recovery from COVID-19 and a framework for how the government will work with the sector to rebuild and revitalise tourism within the UK. This paper focuses on this plan, and includes a short literature review, a summary of the plan, and some concluding reflections. Keywords: COVID-19, recovery plan, tourism sector, UK government
{"title":"A Review of the UK’s Tourism Recovery Plans Post COVID-19","authors":"P. Jones","doi":"10.30958/ajt.9-1-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/ajt.9-1-1","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has wreaked global economic havoc and disrupted the lives of the majority of the world’s population, and many governments have pursued a wide range of measures to stimulate economic and social recovery. In June 2021 the UK government published a tourism recovery plan, which set out the role that it hopes to play in assisting and accelerating the tourism sector’s recovery from COVID-19 and a framework for how the government will work with the sector to rebuild and revitalise tourism within the UK. This paper focuses on this plan, and includes a short literature review, a summary of the plan, and some concluding reflections. Keywords: COVID-19, recovery plan, tourism sector, UK government","PeriodicalId":302918,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Tourism","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134474724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper updates and compares the results obtained in Papanikos’ (2020a) paper published in the Athens Journal of Tourism, which estimated the impact of the current pandemic on international Greek tourism receipts and tourist arrivals. The COVID-19 pandemic continues to have negative effects on Greek tourism and the Greek economy. In this paper, newly released data by the Bank of Greece for the entire 2021 period are used to assess the impact on Greek tourism during the two pandemic years of 2020 and 2021. In addition, the actual data from 2020 are compared with the estimates of the three scenarios made in the 2020 paper. One conclusion that emerges from the analysis of the data on international tourism is that in 2021 Greek tourism did much better than in 2020, but still is far away from the record year of 2019. In 2021, international tourist arrivals and international tourism receipts accounted for 48% and 58% of the 2019 values respectively. Keywords: pandemic, COVID-19, crisis, tourism, Greece, economic impact
本文更新并比较了Papanikos在《雅典旅游杂志》(Athens Journal of Tourism)上发表的论文(2020a)的结果，该论文估计了当前疫情对希腊国际旅游收入和游客人数的影响。新冠肺炎疫情继续对希腊旅游业和希腊经济产生负面影响。在本文中，希腊银行新发布的2021年全年数据用于评估2020年和2021年两个大流行年份对希腊旅游业的影响。此外，将2020年的实际数据与2020年论文中对三种情景的估计进行了比较。对国际旅游数据的分析得出的一个结论是，2021年希腊旅游业的表现比2020年好得多，但仍远低于创纪录的2019年。2021年，国际游客人数和国际旅游收入分别占2019年价值的48%和58%。关键词:大流行，COVID-19，危机，旅游，希腊，经济影响
{"title":"The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Greek Tourism-Updates and Comparisons","authors":"G. Papanikos","doi":"10.30958/ajt.9-1-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/ajt.9-1-4","url":null,"abstract":"This paper updates and compares the results obtained in Papanikos’ (2020a) paper published in the Athens Journal of Tourism, which estimated the impact of the current pandemic on international Greek tourism receipts and tourist arrivals. The COVID-19 pandemic continues to have negative effects on Greek tourism and the Greek economy. In this paper, newly released data by the Bank of Greece for the entire 2021 period are used to assess the impact on Greek tourism during the two pandemic years of 2020 and 2021. In addition, the actual data from 2020 are compared with the estimates of the three scenarios made in the 2020 paper. One conclusion that emerges from the analysis of the data on international tourism is that in 2021 Greek tourism did much better than in 2020, but still is far away from the record year of 2019. In 2021, international tourist arrivals and international tourism receipts accounted for 48% and 58% of the 2019 values respectively. Keywords: pandemic, COVID-19, crisis, tourism, Greece, economic impact","PeriodicalId":302918,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Tourism","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132456399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tourism-led economic growth hypothesis has been a widely studied topic yet Africa has been slow to generate information in this area. Almost all economies globally utilise tourism to accelerate economic growth because the industry is linked with foreign exchange income, employment opportunities, and increased foreign investment. Therefore, this study focuses on exploring and demonstrating the economic impact of the tourism industry on Lesotho’s economy by specifically focusing on tourism as a source of income, employment, investment, and export. Secondary research approach was utilised by conducting a comprehensive literature review to generate information for this research. The findings of this study revealed that tourism activities positively influenced Lesotho’s economy from 2014 to 2019. The results support the tourism-led economic growth hypothesis by noting a positive contribution to Lesotho’s economy in terms of the gross domestic product, employment and investment. Furthermore, Lesotho’s tourism development impediments were noted to include infrastructure inadequacy, low levels of tourism collaborations and investment, and improper marketing and management of tourism organisations. Keywords: secondary data, tourism industry, economic development, tourism development drawbacks, Lesotho
{"title":"The Tourism Industry and Economic Growth Nexus in Lesotho","authors":"B. Rasethuntsa","doi":"10.30958/ajt.9-1-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/ajt.9-1-2","url":null,"abstract":"Tourism-led economic growth hypothesis has been a widely studied topic yet Africa has been slow to generate information in this area. Almost all economies globally utilise tourism to accelerate economic growth because the industry is linked with foreign exchange income, employment opportunities, and increased foreign investment. Therefore, this study focuses on exploring and demonstrating the economic impact of the tourism industry on Lesotho’s economy by specifically focusing on tourism as a source of income, employment, investment, and export. Secondary research approach was utilised by conducting a comprehensive literature review to generate information for this research. The findings of this study revealed that tourism activities positively influenced Lesotho’s economy from 2014 to 2019. The results support the tourism-led economic growth hypothesis by noting a positive contribution to Lesotho’s economy in terms of the gross domestic product, employment and investment. Furthermore, Lesotho’s tourism development impediments were noted to include infrastructure inadequacy, low levels of tourism collaborations and investment, and improper marketing and management of tourism organisations. Keywords: secondary data, tourism industry, economic development, tourism development drawbacks, Lesotho","PeriodicalId":302918,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Tourism","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127894500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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