Pub Date : 2021-11-29DOI: 10.19080/cerj.2021.12.555841
Onofre-Bustamante E
Due to the nature of the aggregates used in the manufacture of concrete and therefore of the concrete- steel reinforcement system, as well as its growing demand, a negative environmental impact has been caused on the planet. Therefore, at present green alternatives are sought that can reduce the negative impact of the construction industry particularly concrete, some of these alternatives with greater positive impact are: the addition of natural fibers of vegetable origin and the addition of polymers such as recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), because both materials abound on the planet, they are easy to obtain, and positively impact the environment by reusing them, reducing the use of raw material and energy invested in the elaboration of concrete, which in turn cause the increase in Greenhouse Gases (GHG). Therefore, from this work of review of the state of the art and published trends involving the use of PET and natural fibers in concrete, the effect that the addition of these fibers has on the properties of the concrete-reinforcing steel system, and its impact on the construction industry, was determined. The effect on mechanical properties was mainly reviewed, however, recent studies show that electrochemical properties such as the susceptibility to corrosion of the reinforcing steel embedded in the concrete are also affected, because the presence of oxides on the reinforcing steel causes cracking, weakening the structures, causing a sudden failure of them. However, it is known that this corrosion process mainly affects structures exposed to saline environments such as bridge piles immersed in the sea. Therefore, the study of the concrete-reinforcing steel system and its modification through the addition of natural fibers or polymers partially replacing natural aggregates such as gravel and sand remains of the utmost importance, in order to reduce on the one hand, the environmental impact caused by the exploitation of the natural mantles from which the aggregates are obtained and on the other hand increase the life time of the concrete-reinforcing steel system. This approach is promising especially if one takes into account the results in the literature, which positively point to the addition of PET and natural fibers, since it has been determined that they increase some mechanical and electrochemical properties depending on the form and quantity in which it is incorporated into the concrete mixture.
{"title":"Trends in the Addition of PET and Natural Fibers to the Concrete- Steel Reinforcement System","authors":"Onofre-Bustamante E","doi":"10.19080/cerj.2021.12.555841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/cerj.2021.12.555841","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the nature of the aggregates used in the manufacture of concrete and therefore of the concrete- steel reinforcement system, as well as its growing demand, a negative environmental impact has been caused on the planet. Therefore, at present green alternatives are sought that can reduce the negative impact of the construction industry particularly concrete, some of these alternatives with greater positive impact are: the addition of natural fibers of vegetable origin and the addition of polymers such as recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), because both materials abound on the planet, they are easy to obtain, and positively impact the environment by reusing them, reducing the use of raw material and energy invested in the elaboration of concrete, which in turn cause the increase in Greenhouse Gases (GHG). Therefore, from this work of review of the state of the art and published trends involving the use of PET and natural fibers in concrete, the effect that the addition of these fibers has on the properties of the concrete-reinforcing steel system, and its impact on the construction industry, was determined. The effect on mechanical properties was mainly reviewed, however, recent studies show that electrochemical properties such as the susceptibility to corrosion of the reinforcing steel embedded in the concrete are also affected, because the presence of oxides on the reinforcing steel causes cracking, weakening the structures, causing a sudden failure of them. However, it is known that this corrosion process mainly affects structures exposed to saline environments such as bridge piles immersed in the sea. Therefore, the study of the concrete-reinforcing steel system and its modification through the addition of natural fibers or polymers partially replacing natural aggregates such as gravel and sand remains of the utmost importance, in order to reduce on the one hand, the environmental impact caused by the exploitation of the natural mantles from which the aggregates are obtained and on the other hand increase the life time of the concrete-reinforcing steel system. This approach is promising especially if one takes into account the results in the literature, which positively point to the addition of PET and natural fibers, since it has been determined that they increase some mechanical and electrochemical properties depending on the form and quantity in which it is incorporated into the concrete mixture.","PeriodicalId":30320,"journal":{"name":"Constructii Journal of Civil Engineering Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84854033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-04DOI: 10.19080/cerj.2021.12.555837
P. Bowen
Construction workers in SA are regarded a high-risk group in the context of HIV/AIDS. Excessive alcohol use is associated with risky lifestyles and lack of condom use, decreased uptake of HIV testing, and poor adherence to ARV treatment. Excessive alcohol consumption is also associated with depression and illicit drug use. Screening is widely employed in the detection of problematic alcohol consumption; the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) being extensively used for this purpose. This study examines both the psychometric properties of the AUDIT (one-, two-, and three-factor models) and the prevalence of alcohol use among construction workers. A field-administered survey was used to gather data from 496 male workers drawn from 18 construction sites of 7 construction firms. Descriptive statistics, internal consistency, and confirmatory factor analyses were used to analyze the prevalence of alcohol use, as well as the dimensionality, reliability, and construct validity of the AUDIT. Nearly 50% of participants reported never consuming alcohol. Including abstainers, three quarters of participants were classed as low risk (score <8). The at-risk workers were categorized as follows: 17.3% at medium risk (score 8-15); 3.6% at high risk (score 16-19); and 3.8% at very high risk (score 20+). Notably, of the 250 workers who reported using alcohol, 14.8% may be categorized as being at high-to-very high risk. In essence, 24.8% of construction participants were classed as engaging in hazardous or harmful drinking. Internal consistency of the AUDIT was very good. A 1-factor measurement model was indicated, the output indices presenting satisfactory model fit to the data. All factor loadings were significant. Concurrent validity was demonstrated. Further work is indicated in relation to items 9 and 10 of the AUDIT, as these particular items do not perform as well as the remaining items. The contribution of these two items needs to be examined using item response theory (IRT).
{"title":"Psychometric Properties of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and Prevalence of Alcohol use Among SA Site-based Construction Workers","authors":"P. Bowen","doi":"10.19080/cerj.2021.12.555837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/cerj.2021.12.555837","url":null,"abstract":"Construction workers in SA are regarded a high-risk group in the context of HIV/AIDS. Excessive alcohol use is associated with risky lifestyles and lack of condom use, decreased uptake of HIV testing, and poor adherence to ARV treatment. Excessive alcohol consumption is also associated with depression and illicit drug use. Screening is widely employed in the detection of problematic alcohol consumption; the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) being extensively used for this purpose. This study examines both the psychometric properties of the AUDIT (one-, two-, and three-factor models) and the prevalence of alcohol use among construction workers. A field-administered survey was used to gather data from 496 male workers drawn from 18 construction sites of 7 construction firms. Descriptive statistics, internal consistency, and confirmatory factor analyses were used to analyze the prevalence of alcohol use, as well as the dimensionality, reliability, and construct validity of the AUDIT. Nearly 50% of participants reported never consuming alcohol. Including abstainers, three quarters of participants were classed as low risk (score <8). The at-risk workers were categorized as follows: 17.3% at medium risk (score 8-15); 3.6% at high risk (score 16-19); and 3.8% at very high risk (score 20+). Notably, of the 250 workers who reported using alcohol, 14.8% may be categorized as being at high-to-very high risk. In essence, 24.8% of construction participants were classed as engaging in hazardous or harmful drinking. Internal consistency of the AUDIT was very good. A 1-factor measurement model was indicated, the output indices presenting satisfactory model fit to the data. All factor loadings were significant. Concurrent validity was demonstrated. Further work is indicated in relation to items 9 and 10 of the AUDIT, as these particular items do not perform as well as the remaining items. The contribution of these two items needs to be examined using item response theory (IRT).","PeriodicalId":30320,"journal":{"name":"Constructii Journal of Civil Engineering Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78267576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-27DOI: 10.19080/cerj.2021.12.555832
Liu Chunlin
{"title":"Security & Happiness by Design for Happiness Initiated Behavioural Lead Intelligence Security System (HIBLISS)","authors":"Liu Chunlin","doi":"10.19080/cerj.2021.12.555832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/cerj.2021.12.555832","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30320,"journal":{"name":"Constructii Journal of Civil Engineering Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83092546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-26DOI: 10.19080/cerj.2021.12.555827
S. Yüksek
{"title":"Groundwater Level Estimation for Slope Stability Analysis of a Coal Open Pit Mine","authors":"S. Yüksek","doi":"10.19080/cerj.2021.12.555827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/cerj.2021.12.555827","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30320,"journal":{"name":"Constructii Journal of Civil Engineering Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81502145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-14DOI: 10.19080/CERJ.2020.10.555782
Hasan M. Bilani
Positioning is considered as one of the most important problems in civil engineering and surveying works. Today, satellite techniques are widely used for positioning. Global navigation satellite systems provide three-dimensional coordinates (latitude, longitude, and height), related to the reference ellipsoid surface. In most engineering projects, orthometric height related to the geoid is required. separation between ellipsoid and geoid need to be known to convert ellipsoidal height into geoidal height which nearly approximates mean sea level. The ellipsoid is a mathematical surface, while the geoid is a physical one. This leads to problem of modelling the geoid. In this paper, multiple regression method was used to model the geoid in a defined area that resembles a big city. Riyadh city, capital of Saudi Arabia has been used as a case study. It has been found that fifth degree polynomials provide a model with accuracy of 1.8 centimeters.
{"title":"Geoid Modelling for Surveying Works Using Satellite Geo-Spatial Data","authors":"Hasan M. Bilani","doi":"10.19080/CERJ.2020.10.555782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/CERJ.2020.10.555782","url":null,"abstract":"Positioning is considered as one of the most important problems in civil engineering and surveying works. Today, satellite techniques are widely used for positioning. Global navigation satellite systems provide three-dimensional coordinates (latitude, longitude, and height), related to the reference ellipsoid surface. In most engineering projects, orthometric height related to the geoid is required. separation between ellipsoid and geoid need to be known to convert ellipsoidal height into geoidal height which nearly approximates mean sea level. The ellipsoid is a mathematical surface, while the geoid is a physical one. This leads to problem of modelling the geoid. In this paper, multiple regression method was used to model the geoid in a defined area that resembles a big city. Riyadh city, capital of Saudi Arabia has been used as a case study. It has been found that fifth degree polynomials provide a model with accuracy of 1.8 centimeters.","PeriodicalId":30320,"journal":{"name":"Constructii Journal of Civil Engineering Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90439448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-13DOI: 10.19080/cerj.2021.11.555825
K. Rahim
Concrete filled steel tube (CFST) column is an important type of structural member and its protective design is essential to enhance its structural performance under various dynamic loads. In accordance to Abdel Rahim [1], the previously carried out studies on CFST columns tried to determine how to improve their structural response under various loadings, such as axial compression, lateral impact, blast, seismic, etc. Apart from investigations on transverse impact loading, the majority of the other studies on CFST under various loads established solutions and protective measures. Therefore, the departure point for this short communication is the need to improve the performance of CFST under transverse impact loads. The study carried out by Zhao et al. [2] shows considerable residual displacement magnitudes after impact. Retaining the geometrical properties, boundary conditions, loading conditions and type of numerical analysis employed in that investigation, this short communication proposes novel designs in terms of cross-sectional configuration and smart materials to be applied on the specimens tested by Wang et al. [3], to improve the performance of CFST columns under lateral impact loading namely reducing their strength degradation under impact, increasing their energy dissipation capacity, reducing the damage to the steel tubes and concrete fill and reducing the residual and maximum displacements.
{"title":"Numerical Modelling of the Behavior of Steel-Concrete Composite Columns of Different Types of Circular Cross Section Subject to Lateral Impact","authors":"K. Rahim","doi":"10.19080/cerj.2021.11.555825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/cerj.2021.11.555825","url":null,"abstract":"Concrete filled steel tube (CFST) column is an important type of structural member and its protective design is essential to enhance its structural performance under various dynamic loads. In accordance to Abdel Rahim [1], the previously carried out studies on CFST columns tried to determine how to improve their structural response under various loadings, such as axial compression, lateral impact, blast, seismic, etc. Apart from investigations on transverse impact loading, the majority of the other studies on CFST under various loads established solutions and protective measures. Therefore, the departure point for this short communication is the need to improve the performance of CFST under transverse impact loads. The study carried out by Zhao et al. [2] shows considerable residual displacement magnitudes after impact. Retaining the geometrical properties, boundary conditions, loading conditions and type of numerical analysis employed in that investigation, this short communication proposes novel designs in terms of cross-sectional configuration and smart materials to be applied on the specimens tested by Wang et al. [3], to improve the performance of CFST columns under lateral impact loading namely reducing their strength degradation under impact, increasing their energy dissipation capacity, reducing the damage to the steel tubes and concrete fill and reducing the residual and maximum displacements.","PeriodicalId":30320,"journal":{"name":"Constructii Journal of Civil Engineering Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75466798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.19080/cerj.2021.11.555824
A. Lara
This research analyzes the modular architecture solution (container prototype) implemented by the Chilean government after the tsunami earthquake of February 27 [1], to replace critical infrastructure lost (school), focusing on the classroom’s habitability and environmental comfort concept. A mixture investigation was carried out through a documentary analysis that examines the legal requirements with the proposal implemented and modelling and calculation of the variables that make up the passive architecture of the envelope, with the current legal terms of reference. The results indicate the existing habitability gaps in terms of space, air quality and overheating and the need to promote adaptations oriented to the change of paradigm from emergency to resilient architecture.
{"title":"Improving Modular Architecture as a Response for Public Schools Emergencies","authors":"A. Lara","doi":"10.19080/cerj.2021.11.555824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/cerj.2021.11.555824","url":null,"abstract":"This research analyzes the modular architecture solution (container prototype) implemented by the Chilean government after the tsunami earthquake of February 27 [1], to replace critical infrastructure lost (school), focusing on the classroom’s habitability and environmental comfort concept. A mixture investigation was carried out through a documentary analysis that examines the legal requirements with the proposal implemented and modelling and calculation of the variables that make up the passive architecture of the envelope, with the current legal terms of reference. The results indicate the existing habitability gaps in terms of space, air quality and overheating and the need to promote adaptations oriented to the change of paradigm from emergency to resilient architecture.","PeriodicalId":30320,"journal":{"name":"Constructii Journal of Civil Engineering Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79315570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-08DOI: 10.19080/cerj.2021.11.555822
Omar M. Nofal
Flooding is a devastating natural hazard whose consequences include loss of life, and damage to community infrastructure, with even further impacts resulting from interdependencies of physical and non-physical systems. Flood risk prediction is a critical component of a comprehensive risk-informed decision framework and is used in combination with information on community resilience planning strategies, flood impacts, and recovery. In this research, a physics-based flood risk model was developed to determine flood hazard characteristics and their corresponding level of damage at the community level. Fragility functions for the impacted buildings from an extensive past field study were used to capture the effect of policy change in terms of increasing first-floor elevation on flood losses to the building stock in the illustrative example community. The unique point about this study is overcoming the flood-related data scarcity by considering different resources, models, and modern technology using Google Street Map View to collect buildings information. In addition to, the algorithm that was developed to handle the spatial characteristics of these data. Therefore, the provided framework can provide policymakers the ability to explore the financial effect of policy changes and allow them to better mitigate flood risk and increase the community resiliency.
{"title":"Fragility-Based Flood Risk Modeling to Quantify the Effect of Policy Change on Losses at the Community Level","authors":"Omar M. Nofal","doi":"10.19080/cerj.2021.11.555822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/cerj.2021.11.555822","url":null,"abstract":"Flooding is a devastating natural hazard whose consequences include loss of life, and damage to community infrastructure, with even further impacts resulting from interdependencies of physical and non-physical systems. Flood risk prediction is a critical component of a comprehensive risk-informed decision framework and is used in combination with information on community resilience planning strategies, flood impacts, and recovery. In this research, a physics-based flood risk model was developed to determine flood hazard characteristics and their corresponding level of damage at the community level. Fragility functions for the impacted buildings from an extensive past field study were used to capture the effect of policy change in terms of increasing first-floor elevation on flood losses to the building stock in the illustrative example community. The unique point about this study is overcoming the flood-related data scarcity by considering different resources, models, and modern technology using Google Street Map View to collect buildings information. In addition to, the algorithm that was developed to handle the spatial characteristics of these data. Therefore, the provided framework can provide policymakers the ability to explore the financial effect of policy changes and allow them to better mitigate flood risk and increase the community resiliency.","PeriodicalId":30320,"journal":{"name":"Constructii Journal of Civil Engineering Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79666964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-20DOI: 10.19080/CERJ.2021.11.555820
N. Lamaddalena
An innovative self-compensating gated pipe system equipped with calibrated nozzles was developed in the framework of the EU project MADFORWATER no. (H2020-E.3.5.4 GA ID: 688320) to improve the performance of furrow irrigation method. The experiment was conducted in CIHEAM-Bari experimental field (Italy) on bare soil. The following performance indicators were assessed: duration of the irrigation event (IT), application efficiency (AE), distribution uniformity (DU), in addition to the volume of drainage water accumulated downstream and compared with traditional furrow irrigation. Preliminary results showed that IT decreased by one third (from 45 minutes to 30 minutes), AE and DU increased by 17% and 20% respectively. In addition, the volume of drainage water decreased by around 50%, which may positively impact the environment, especially in those countries such as Egypt where, during peak periods, drainage water is reused for irrigation. This new technique provides a cost-effective alternative to traditional surface irrigation methods with no requirement for additional energy consumption requirements for pumping drainage water into the upstream irrigation canals. Additional field tests will be carried out in different environmental contexts and on cropped areas to confirm the above reported preliminary results.
在欧盟MADFORWATER项目框架内，开发了一种配备校准喷嘴的创新自补偿门控管道系统。(H2020-E.3.5.4 GA ID: 688320)提高沟灌方式的性能。试验在意大利CIHEAM-Bari试验田裸土上进行。评估了灌溉事件持续时间(IT)、施用效率(AE)、分布均匀性(DU)以及下游累积的排水量，并与传统沟灌进行了比较。初步结果表明，IT减少了三分之一(从45分钟减少到30分钟)，AE和DU分别增加了17%和20%。此外，排水水量减少了约50%，这可能对环境产生积极影响，特别是在埃及等国家，在高峰时期，排水被重新用于灌溉。这项新技术为传统的地面灌溉方法提供了一种经济有效的替代方案，不需要将排水泵入上游灌溉渠的额外能源消耗。将在不同的环境背景下和在种植地区进行额外的实地试验，以确认上述报告的初步结果。
{"title":"Performance Evaluation of an Innovative Self-Compensating Gated Pipe System for Furrow Irrigation: Preliminary Results","authors":"N. Lamaddalena","doi":"10.19080/CERJ.2021.11.555820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/CERJ.2021.11.555820","url":null,"abstract":"An innovative self-compensating gated pipe system equipped with calibrated nozzles was developed in the framework of the EU project MADFORWATER no. (H2020-E.3.5.4 GA ID: 688320) to improve the performance of furrow irrigation method. The experiment was conducted in CIHEAM-Bari experimental field (Italy) on bare soil. The following performance indicators were assessed: duration of the irrigation event (IT), application efficiency (AE), distribution uniformity (DU), in addition to the volume of drainage water accumulated downstream and compared with traditional furrow irrigation. Preliminary results showed that IT decreased by one third (from 45 minutes to 30 minutes), AE and DU increased by 17% and 20% respectively. In addition, the volume of drainage water decreased by around 50%, which may positively impact the environment, especially in those countries such as Egypt where, during peak periods, drainage water is reused for irrigation. This new technique provides a cost-effective alternative to traditional surface irrigation methods with no requirement for additional energy consumption requirements for pumping drainage water into the upstream irrigation canals. Additional field tests will be carried out in different environmental contexts and on cropped areas to confirm the above reported preliminary results.","PeriodicalId":30320,"journal":{"name":"Constructii Journal of Civil Engineering Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77148296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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