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Efeitos da formação inicial de professores em Tecnologia Assistiva através de metodologia problematizadora 通过问题方法论对辅助技术初级教师培训的影响
Pub Date : 2020-11-25 DOI: 10.5902/1984686X36505
C. Schirmer, Leila Regina d’Oliveira de Paula Nunes
The purposes of this study were to plan, implement and evaluate a Pre-service Teacher Training Program regarding the use of Assistive Technology and Augmentative and Alternative Communication. The effects of the program in the future teachers´ conceptions about disability, as well as their experience in teaching students with special needs were also investigated. An action research was conducted with 37 Pedagogy undergraduate students, 26 nonvocal students, and five teachers of a special education public school. The methodological procedures included a) questionnaires administered to the undergraduates in the beginning and the end of the Program, b) expositive classes and development of teaching activities by the undergraduates , specially tailored for students with special needs, according to the Problematization methodology - observation of the reality of classroom, selection of pedagogical problem, reflection about its determinants, hypothesis elaboration, review of the literature, elaboration, implementation, and evaluation of the teaching plan. Data showed that, following the Program, the future teachers successfully used Alternative Communication resources and strategies, as well as adapted pedagogical material and resources for accessing computer with their nonvocal students. Results additionally suggested positive changes in the undergraduates´ conceptions about disability, Assistive Technology and Augmentative and Alternative Communication. The study benefitted special school teachers, who learned about these resources, as well as the nonvocal students who enhanced their opportunities to communicate and socially interact.
本研究的目的是计划、实施和评估一项关于使用辅助技术和辅助及替代沟通的职前教师培训计划。研究还调查了该项目对未来教师残疾观念的影响,以及他们在教学特殊需要学生方面的经验。本研究以一所特殊教育公立学校的37名教育学本科生、26名非发声学生和5名教师为对象进行了行动研究。方法程序包括:a)在项目开始和结束时对本科生进行问卷调查;b)根据问题化方法,由本科生专门为有特殊需要的学生量身定制的解释性课程和教学活动的发展——观察课堂的现实,选择教学问题,反思其决定因素,阐述假设,回顾文献,阐述,教学计划的实施与评价。数据显示,在该计划实施后,未来教师成功地使用了替代交流资源和策略,并调整了教学材料和资源,使他们能够与不会说话的学生接触电脑。结果还表明,大学生对残疾、辅助技术、辅助和替代沟通的观念发生了积极的变化。这项研究使特殊学校的教师受益,他们了解了这些资源,而不会说话的学生也增加了交流和社会互动的机会。
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引用次数: 1
Escala de Identificação de Precocidade e Indicadores de Altas Habilidades/Superdotação (EIPIAHS): um instrumento em construção 早期识别量表和高能力/天赋指标(EIPIAHS):一个正在构建的工具
Pub Date : 2020-11-25 DOI: 10.5902/1984686X53154
B. A. Martins
It is estimated that the phenomenon of giftedness is present among individuals in the same proportion as the intellectual disability. However, the School Census records show the invisibility of this public in our schools, despite the social contributions that it may come to provide. Students with giftedness need to be properly identified so that the educational measures necessary for the maximum development of their potential can be taken. Thus, the objective of this research is to evaluate the items of a scale of identification of precocious students with indicators of giftedness in Primary School and to verify their consistency. As an instrument for teachers, we have the participation of 28 teachers, 18 evaluated each of the 75 items on the scale and 10 applied it to a sample of 71 students. From the collection of opinions and statistical analysis, ten items were considered to be ineffective and therefore excluded. It was statistically verified that the instrument is reliable. Further analysis is necessary to verify its validity.
据估计,在个体中存在天赋现象的比例与存在智力缺陷的比例相同。然而,学校人口普查记录显示,尽管这些公众可能会对社会做出贡献,但他们在我们的学校里却不存在。有天赋的学生需要被正确地识别,以便采取必要的教育措施,最大限度地发挥他们的潜力。因此,本研究的目的是评估小学早熟学生资优指标识别量表的条目,并验证其一致性。作为教师的工具,我们有28名教师参与,18名教师评估了量表上的75个项目,10名教师将其应用于71名学生的样本。从意见收集和统计分析中,有10个项目被认为无效,因此被排除。经统计验证,该仪器是可靠的。需要进一步的分析来验证其有效性。
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引用次数: 6
Quatro décadas de Educação Especial no Estado de São Paulo sao保罗州四十年的特殊教育
Pub Date : 2020-11-17 DOI: 10.5902/1984686x53133
S. Omote
Special Education professionals’ training in Brazil is relatively recent. Initially, teachers for students with disabilities were trained in specialization courses at the end of Senior High School. This article analyzes the advances in the teachers’ and researchers’ training in Special Education in Sao Paulo State as well as changes in the conceptual and methodological aspects of the study of disabilities and assistance for people with disabilities in the last four decades. In the 1970s, two college events gave a new dimension to the formation of human resources in Special Education: the beginning of the Qualification in Special Education in Pedagogy course at the Sao Paulo State University (HEE/UNESP), in 1977, and the beginning of the Master Program in Special Education at the Federal University of Sao Carlos (PMEE/UFSCar), in 1978. The HEE/UNESP began to train Special Education teachers and the PMEE/UFSCar, to train researchers in Special Education. These facts were fundamental to the enormous growth that the area of Special Education had had in these four decades. The changes that are occurring in the conceptual questions regarding deficiencies and in the research design are highlighted.
巴西的特殊教育专业人员培训相对较晚。最初,残疾学生的教师在高中结束时接受专业课程的培训。本文分析了圣保罗州特殊教育教师和研究人员培训的进展,以及过去四十年来残疾研究和残疾人援助的概念和方法方面的变化。20世纪70年代,两次大学活动为特殊教育人力资源的形成提供了新的维度:1977年,圣保罗州立大学(HEE/UNESP)开设了教育学专业的特殊教育资格课程,1978年,圣卡洛斯联邦大学(PMEE/UFSCar)开设了特殊教育硕士课程。HEE/UNESP开始培训特殊教育教师,PME/UFSCar培训特殊教育研究人员。这些事实是特殊教育领域在这四十年中取得巨大发展的基础。强调了在关于缺陷的概念问题和研究设计中正在发生的变化。
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引用次数: 1
La inclusión educativa en la fiesta de la ciencia en España 西班牙科学节的教育包容
Pub Date : 2020-11-17 DOI: 10.5902/1984686x49224
J. Díaz
Special education, today inclusive, has occupied for centuries a tangential part of education systems around the world to this day, including that of Spain. It was a marginal sector that was outside the normal circuit of schoolchildren and students, who at best began to find special attention, but segregated. The integrated school approaches that prevail in many parts have opted for a more socially enriching concept such as inclusive education. If we look at the problem from the university, the new categories to explain the special education have taken is to be accepted by the scientific community at the teaching and research levels, although here there has been a spectacular leap in the social and scientific consideration of the special education, at least in Spain. In this paper we address from the university, and from a hermeneutic reading, the meaning and visibility of the inaugural lessons in the so-called Feast of Science, which are pronounced cyclically, year after year, in each Spanish university. They represent an excellent symbolic framework, a privileged space to observe the growing presence of the scientific paradigm of educational inclusion in the Spanish university map. The small number of inaugural lessons delivered in the last eighty years with content close to inclusive education express the weakness of the subject in contrast to the major fields of science, but they are also a reason for hope given that in recent years there has been an express emergence of the new paradigm of inclusive education, at least several of the inaugural lectures given at universities.
今天具有包容性的特殊教育,几个世纪以来一直占据着世界各地教育系统的一个重要部分,直到今天,包括西班牙的教育系统。这是一个边缘部门,超出了学童和学生的正常圈子,他们充其量开始受到特别关注,但被隔离了。在许多地区盛行的综合学校方法选择了一个更丰富社会内容的概念,如包容性教育。如果我们从大学的角度来看这个问题,解释特殊教育的新类别将被科学界在教学和研究层面所接受,尽管这里对特殊教育的社会和科学考虑有了惊人的飞跃,至少在西班牙是这样。在这篇论文中,我们从大学和解释学的阅读中探讨了所谓的科学盛宴中就职课程的意义和可见性,这些课程在西班牙的每一所大学年复一年地循环发音。它们代表了一个优秀的象征性框架,一个观察教育包容科学范式在西班牙大学地图中日益存在的特权空间。在过去的八十年里,少量内容接近包容性教育的入门课程表达了该学科与主要科学领域相比的弱点,但它们也是希望的原因,因为近年来,包容性教育的新范式明显出现,至少有几次在大学里的就职演讲。
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引用次数: 0
L’inclusion comme théorie pratique 包容作为一种实践理论
Pub Date : 2020-11-10 DOI: 10.5902/1984686x55337
É. Plaisance
By using the expression “practical theory” that Emile Durkheim has used to designate pedagogy, the notion of inclusion is analyzed critically by examining its normative character according to the following aspects: its Latin etymology, its initial uses in politics international education programs and their evolutions towards valuing diversity; its variations in meaning between countries depending on their policies and institutions, taking the example of England, Italy, Brazil; its meaning in relation to two notions: the exclusion of with it opposes; the integration from which it stands out; its paradoxical consequences according to analyzes of contemporary human and social sciences, with and beyond Durkheim; accessibility perspectives that embody inclusion. Finally, to overcome the contradictions of the notion of inclusion, accessibility can be mobilized as a unifying and operational concept and as a new normative ideal.
通过使用埃米尔·涂尔干用来指定教育学的“实践理论”这一表述,通过从以下几个方面考察包容概念的规范性特征,对包容概念进行了批判性分析:它的拉丁语源、它在政治国际教育计划中的最初用途及其向重视多样性的演变;其含义因国家政策和制度而异,例如英国、意大利、巴西;它的含义与两个概念有关:排斥与反对;从中脱颖而出的一体化;根据对当代人类科学和社会科学的分析,在涂尔干和涂尔干之后,其矛盾的后果;体现包容性的无障碍视角。最后,为了克服包容概念的矛盾,可以将无障碍作为一个统一的、可操作的概念和一个新的规范理想加以动员。
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引用次数: 1
Tradução e adaptação transcultural da escala de atividade física para pessoas com deficiência física (PASIPD BR) 残障人士身体活动量表(PASIPD BR)的翻译与跨文化适应
Pub Date : 2020-10-26 DOI: 10.5902/1984686x41214
Douglas Rodrigues, F. Silva, Richard Avery Washburn, L. M. P. Braccialli
The practice of regular physical activity is important to provide well-being and better quality of life to person with physical disability. There is a lack of standardized and specific instruments in Portuguese to assess the level of physical activity directed at this population. The purpose of this study was to translate and culturally adapt the Physical Activity Scale for Individuals with Physical Disabilities (PASIPD) to Brazilian Portuguese. For the process of transcultural translation and adaptation of the scale, five steps were performed: 1) initial translation; 2) translation synthesis; 3) back-translation; 4) semantic and operational equivalence; 5) Pre-test. In the semantic equivalence, 7 items obtained a concordance index below 70%. In the pre-test the instrument was tested with adults with physical disabilities by six professionals specialized in Physical Rehabilitation. In this stage, only one item had a concordance index below 70%. After adjusting the items that presented difficulty, the scale was considered culturally adequate to verify the level of physical activity in individuals with physical disabilities in Brazil.
有规律的身体活动对于为身体残疾者提供健康和更好的生活质量非常重要。葡萄牙语缺乏标准化和具体的工具来评估针对这一人群的体育活动水平。本研究的目的是翻译和文化适应身体残疾个体体力活动量表(PASIPD)巴西葡萄牙语。跨文化翻译与量表适配的过程分为五个步骤:1)初始翻译;2)翻译综合;3)反向翻译;4)语义和操作对等;5)预先测试。在语义等价性中,有7个条目的一致性指数低于70%。在预测试中,仪器由六名专门从事身体康复的专业人员对身体残疾的成年人进行测试。在这一阶段,只有1个条目的一致性指数低于70%。在调整了呈现难度的项目后,该量表被认为在文化上足以验证巴西身体残疾个体的身体活动水平。
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引用次数: 0
Vozes à infância silenciada: impactos da hospitalização e hemodiálise à escolarização de crianças com doença renal crônica 沉默童年的声音:住院和血液透析对慢性肾病儿童教育的影响
Pub Date : 2020-10-26 DOI: 10.5902/1984686x44360
Karina Simões, S. Silva, M. Costa
The impacts of hospitalization and/or hemodialysis outpatient care to the schooling process of children with chronic renal failure may be compromising the child's development, causing the same contextual ruptures, changes in daily life, impediments to the continuity of studies and to the previous experienced routine. We tried to analyze the impacts of hospitalization and/or hemodialysis outpatient care to the schooling process of children with chronic renal failure. It was a quanti-qualitative, descriptive survey in the form of multiple cases. The participants were 10 children with chronic renal failure, from 8 to 12 years old, in three contextual groups: three hospitalized children, six in hemodialysis outpatient care and one submitted to the two hospital processes, in two care units of a federal public hospital in Sao Luis. Semi-structured interviews involving interactive history, autobiographical book and wish box were applied individually with them. The greatest impacts of hospitalization and/or hemodialysis outpatient care on the schooling process were: school delays and future commitments due to the impossibility of school attendance (60%); loss of school bond due to the distance between hospital and school (20%); lack of appropriate resources for schooling in the hospital (10%) and difficulties to enroll in a school close to home (10%). It was concluded that the greatest impacts to schooling were manifested by children under hemodialysis treatment because it is a continuous, unpredictable and undetermined process, demanding greater deprivation of the school context or even absences, ranging from five months to four years, causing greater school deficits and compromising school life.
住院治疗和/或血液透析门诊护理对慢性肾功能衰竭儿童上学过程的影响可能会损害儿童的发育,导致同样的情境破裂、日常生活的变化、对研究的连续性和以前经历的日常生活的障碍。我们试图分析住院和/或血液透析门诊护理对慢性肾功能衰竭儿童上学过程的影响。这是一项以多个案例为形式的定量、定性、描述性调查。参与者是10名8至12岁的慢性肾功能衰竭儿童,分为三组:三名住院儿童,六名在血液透析门诊护理,一名在圣路易斯一家联邦公立医院的两个护理单元接受两个医院流程。半结构化访谈包括互动历史、自传体书籍和愿望盒。住院和/或血液透析门诊护理对上学过程的最大影响是:由于无法上学而导致的上学延误和未来的承诺(60%);由于医院和学校之间的距离,学校债券损失(20%);缺乏在医院上学的适当资源(10%),难以在离家近的学校入学(10%)。研究得出的结论是,接受血液透析治疗的儿童对上学的影响最大,因为这是一个持续的、不可预测的和不确定的过程,需要更多的学校环境剥夺,甚至缺课,从五个月到四年不等,造成更大的学校赤字,影响学校生活。
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引用次数: 2
Planejamento de ensino para jovens com síndrome de Down a partir da Escala de Intensidade de Apoio (SIS) 从支持强度量表(SIS)看唐氏综合症青少年的教学计划
Pub Date : 2020-10-26 DOI: 10.5902/1984686x44225
Polyane Gabrielle de Freitas, Márcia Duarte Galvani
The study aimed to assess the intensity of support in the adaptive resources of young people with Down syndrome and to apply, in collaboration with the teacher, a teaching plan based on the need for support. The study followed a descriptive qualitative approach based on the investigation action. A Special Education teacher and two young people with Down syndrome and their respective parents participated. Data collection was carried out in an Association of Parents and Friends of the Exceptional, a medium-sized municipality located in the interior of the state of Sao Paulo and in the residence of participants. The instruments used were the Support Intensity Scale – SIS, developed by American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (AAIDD), having as respondent the parents of young people with Down syndrome and a script for the preparation of teaching planning. The data were organized into two categories according to the topics covered: the need for support in the adaptive applications of young people with Down syndrome and the application and application of teaching planning based on the need for support. As a result, it was found that the area in which young people with Down syndrome need more support was in lifelong learning and after teaching planning, some positive changes in the use of activities, interaction with colleagues, teachers and researcher . It is hoped that this study will serve as an example of good practice, as an indication of the use of the SIS Scale as a teaching planning tool.
该研究旨在评估唐氏综合症青年适应性资源的支持强度,并与教师合作,根据支持需求制定教学计划。该研究采用了基于调查行动的描述性定性方法。一名特殊教育教师和两名患有唐氏综合症的年轻人及其各自的父母参加了活动。数据收集是在一个特殊群体的父母和朋友协会进行的,该协会是一个位于圣保罗州内陆的中等城市,也是参与者的住所。使用的工具是由美国智力和发育障碍协会(AAIDD)开发的支持强度量表(SIS),该量表的受访者是唐氏综合症年轻人的父母和教学计划的准备脚本。根据所涵盖的主题,数据被分为两类:唐氏综合症青年适应性应用的支持需求,以及基于支持需求的教学规划的应用和应用。因此,研究发现,患有唐氏综合症的年轻人需要更多支持的领域是终身学习和教学计划、活动使用、与同事、教师和研究人员的互动方面的一些积极变化。希望这项研究能成为良好实践的一个例子,表明SIS量表作为教学计划工具的使用。
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引用次数: 0
Ensino e Educação Especial: análise bibliométrica e metassíntese qualitativa da produção científica indexada na base Web of Science 教学与特殊教育:科学网索引科学成果的文献计量分析与定性元合成
Pub Date : 2020-10-26 DOI: 10.5902/1984686x44283
M. Pereira, Mayara Lustosa de Oliveira Barbosa
Studies on Special and Inclusive Education have advanced over the past decades. However, in teaching, an immediate and effective application of scientific findings does not always happen. Thus, it is extremely important to have a publication systematization, to facilitate the dissemination and encourage their applications. The objective of this study was to carry out a bibliometric analysis of scientific production in the area of Special and Inclusive Education teaching, using the Web of Science database from 1947 to 2020. The data collected were: number of publications, authors and most prominent journals, countries that most published and main funding agencies. In addition, articles related to the categories educational research and special education were analyzed through meta-synthesis process. As a result, it was possible to identify 10.138 articles in 1.752 sources over almost 73 years, with an annual growth rate of 6.3%. The journal with the largest number of publications in the period was Exceptional Children, the agency that funded most  of the research was the United States Department of Health - Human Services. The countries that published the most were the United States, followed by Brazil, and the author with the largest number of productions was Antonis Katsiyannis. Regarding meta-synthesis, 27 articles were identified, focusing on the use of evidence-based practices. The results found may have implications in the sense of guiding Professors who work with students with SEN, graduate students who are interested in specializing and Researchers who work with the theme and want to establish more prominent networks collaborations.
在过去的几十年里,对特殊教育和全纳教育的研究取得了进展。然而,在教学中,科学发现并不总是能得到立即有效的应用。因此,有一个出版系统,以促进其传播和鼓励其应用是极其重要的。本研究的目的是利用Web of Science数据库,从1947年到2020年,对特殊教育和全纳教育教学领域的科学成果进行文献计量分析。收集的数据包括:出版物数量、作者和最著名的期刊、发表最多的国家和主要资助机构。此外,本文还对教育研究和特殊教育这两个范畴的相关文献进行了综合分析。结果,在近73年的时间里,可以从1.752个来源中识别出10.138篇文章,年增长率为6.3%。在此期间发表论文最多的杂志是《特殊儿童》,资助大部分研究的机构是美国卫生与公众服务部。出版作品最多的国家是美国,其次是巴西,出版作品最多的是安东尼斯·卡齐扬尼斯。关于元综合,确定了27篇文章,重点关注循证实践的使用。研究结果可能对指导与SEN学生合作的教授、对专业感兴趣的研究生以及研究该主题并希望建立更突出的网络合作的研究人员具有指导意义。
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引用次数: 1
A sombra da discriminação e as barreiras de gênero no cotidiano de mulheres com deficiência na universidade 大学残疾女性日常生活中歧视和性别障碍的阴影
Pub Date : 2020-10-26 DOI: 10.5902/1984686x38311
Jackeline Susann Souza da Silva
This article presents the results of a master's research on the experience of a deaf student in a Brazilian public university. The interface disability and gender in higher education is little discussed in the academic literature that is why the barriers against women with disabilities in the university are still hidden. In this way, it is necessary to give visibility to the topic in order to implement, in an intersectional way, the meaning of equality of opportunity. The collected data result from the use of semi-structured interview and shadowing technique that allowed the immersion of the researcher in the university daily of the young participant. The main results show that women with disabilities find different obstacles to enter and stay in the college career. These obstacles are not restricted to the academic space, since they begin in the life history of these women. It is interesting to say that the collective idea of overcoming disability is the trap that puts academic achievement or failure in the individual plan. Because of that, institutional responsibility for the changes for accessibility and gender equity is disguised.
本文介绍了巴西一所公立大学一位失聪学生的硕士研究结果。高等教育中的界面残疾和性别问题在学术文献中讨论较少,这也是为什么在大学中对残疾女性的障碍仍然隐藏的原因。这样,就有必要使这一主题具有可视性,以便以交叉的方式实现机会平等的含义。收集的数据来自使用半结构化访谈和阴影技术,使研究人员能够沉浸在年轻参与者的大学日常生活中。主要结果表明,残疾女性在进入和留在大学生涯中遇到了不同的障碍。这些障碍并不局限于学术领域,因为它们始于这些女性的生活史。有趣的是,克服残疾的集体想法是将学业成就或失败置于个人计划中的陷阱。正因为如此,改变可及性和性别平等的机构责任被掩盖了。
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引用次数: 0
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Revista Educacao Especial
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