The study considers the features of the development of the primary roots of spring wheat seedlings after pre-sowing exposure to a UHF EMF under conditions of pre-moistening of seeds. The object of the experiment was the seeds of soft spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties Novosibirskaya 31, Alyoshina, Trizo, Iren, Pamyati Aphrodite, and Altayskaya 70. In the experimental variants, the duration of the microwave EMF (0, 5, 10, 15 s) and the seed moisture (15, 20, 25, 30%) were combined. The influence of the UHF EMF on the intensity of the development of the primary roots of spring wheat seedlings was significant. For example, one of the varieties (Triso) shows a slight decrease in the intensity of growth processes during a fifteen-second treatment. The decrease in root mass was 18.18% (moisture content 15%) and 2.20 times (moisture content 20%) compared to the control. Wheat variety Iren had a decrease in root weight relative to the untreated variant by 2.59 times (at a moisture content of 15%) and 7.33 times (at a moisture content of 20%). The features of root growth at the initial stages of plant development were variety-specific and also depended on the modes of microwave processing. An unfavorable variant of microwave irradiation was a combination of the duration of exposure of 15 s and the preliminary humidity of the processed grain of 30%. The variant of EMF exposure for 5 s stimulated growth processes in germinating grains expressed in a relative increase in the number of roots and their wet weight compared to the control. The variant of exposure to an EMF for 5 s stimulates growth processes in germinating grains, which is expressed in a relative increase in the number of roots compared to the control. This difference is 13.47% for the Novosibirskaya 31 variety, for the Trizo variety – 14.99%, Iren – 12.44%, Pamyati Aphrodite – 8.97%, and Alyoshina – 13.93% on average. According to the totality of the studied indicators, two varieties of spring wheat were distinguished: the variety of Pamyati Aphrodite as the most stable and the variety Alyoshina as the most plastic. The results obtained can be used in practical plant growing to increase the adaptive capacity of plants and, consequently, increase productivity. A well-developed root system will allow wheat to withstand adverse weather conditions and form a higher grain productivity.
{"title":"Features of the development of the primary roots of wheat seedlings after the removal of abiotic electromagnetic stress","authors":"E. Kondratenko, O. Soboleva","doi":"10.22194/jgias/23.1058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22194/jgias/23.1058","url":null,"abstract":"The study considers the features of the development of the primary roots of spring wheat seedlings after pre-sowing exposure to a UHF EMF under conditions of pre-moistening of seeds. The object of the experiment was the seeds of soft spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties Novosibirskaya 31, Alyoshina, Trizo, Iren, Pamyati Aphrodite, and Altayskaya 70. In the experimental variants, the duration of the microwave EMF (0, 5, 10, 15 s) and the seed moisture (15, 20, 25, 30%) were combined. The influence of the UHF EMF on the intensity of the development of the primary roots of spring wheat seedlings was significant. For example, one of the varieties (Triso) shows a slight decrease in the intensity of growth processes during a fifteen-second treatment. The decrease in root mass was 18.18% (moisture content 15%) and 2.20 times (moisture content 20%) compared to the control. Wheat variety Iren had a decrease in root weight relative to the untreated variant by 2.59 times (at a moisture content of 15%) and 7.33 times (at a moisture content of 20%). The features of root growth at the initial stages of plant development were variety-specific and also depended on the modes of microwave processing. An unfavorable variant of microwave irradiation was a combination of the duration of exposure of 15 s and the preliminary humidity of the processed grain of 30%. The variant of EMF exposure for 5 s stimulated growth processes in germinating grains expressed in a relative increase in the number of roots and their wet weight compared to the control. The variant of exposure to an EMF for 5 s stimulates growth processes in germinating grains, which is expressed in a relative increase in the number of roots compared to the control. This difference is 13.47% for the Novosibirskaya 31 variety, for the Trizo variety – 14.99%, Iren – 12.44%, Pamyati Aphrodite – 8.97%, and Alyoshina – 13.93% on average. According to the totality of the studied indicators, two varieties of spring wheat were distinguished: the variety of Pamyati Aphrodite as the most stable and the variety Alyoshina as the most plastic. The results obtained can be used in practical plant growing to increase the adaptive capacity of plants and, consequently, increase productivity. A well-developed root system will allow wheat to withstand adverse weather conditions and form a higher grain productivity.","PeriodicalId":303968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural Sciences","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126119751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laila Turki Fadalah, Ghufran Zaid Khalaf Al-Rikabi, Hadiah A. Atiyah
The current study was conducted during the 2019–2020 growing season in Dhi-Qar University's Alsaran Canopy. Nano fertilizer was used to test the effects of adding Nano- 1 macro elements NPK at three concentrations (0, 30,60) mg l-1 on some growth characteristics of Myrtle plant, Myrtus communis, Three replicates of the experiment were used in the RCBD design. Important Difference Test at 0.05 probability. Results appear that The Nano fertilizer is 60mg l-1 significantly increased the average plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, chlorophyll and carbohydrates leaf content, and percentage of oil, fresh weight. The concentration of humic acid Significantly increasing plant height, branch count, stem diameter, chlorophyll content, carbohydrates, and the highest percentage of oil. It recorded an average of (87.44 cm, 12.13 mm, 10.56 branches). 2, 105.44 mg.100 g fresh weight, 82.00 g. dry matter and 0.51%, respectively, while H1 treatment excelled with the largest leaf surface area of8.79 cm2.The interaction treatment H2N1 was superior to the control treatment H0N0 and the rest of the treatments in the study regarding plant height, stem diameter and leaf area, while H2N2 was superior in fruit content of chlorophyll and carbohydrates.
{"title":"Effect of adding Nano-NPK fertilizer and humic acid on some vegetative growth characteristics and active components of Myrtle Myrtus communis L.","authors":"Laila Turki Fadalah, Ghufran Zaid Khalaf Al-Rikabi, Hadiah A. Atiyah","doi":"10.22194/jgias/23.1075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22194/jgias/23.1075","url":null,"abstract":"The current study was conducted during the 2019–2020 growing season in Dhi-Qar University's Alsaran Canopy. Nano fertilizer was used to test the effects of adding Nano- 1 macro elements NPK at three concentrations (0, 30,60) mg l-1 on some growth characteristics of Myrtle plant, Myrtus communis, Three replicates of the experiment were used in the RCBD design. Important Difference Test at 0.05 probability. Results appear that The Nano fertilizer is 60mg l-1 significantly increased the average plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, chlorophyll and carbohydrates leaf content, and percentage of oil, fresh weight. The concentration of humic acid Significantly increasing plant height, branch count, stem diameter, chlorophyll content, carbohydrates, and the highest percentage of oil. It recorded an average of (87.44 cm, 12.13 mm, 10.56 branches). 2, 105.44 mg.100 g fresh weight, 82.00 g. dry matter and 0.51%, respectively, while H1 treatment excelled with the largest leaf surface area of8.79 cm2.The interaction treatment H2N1 was superior to the control treatment H0N0 and the rest of the treatments in the study regarding plant height, stem diameter and leaf area, while H2N2 was superior in fruit content of chlorophyll and carbohydrates.","PeriodicalId":303968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128957599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This experiment aimed to determine the impact of organic and biological fertilizers on the development of the okra plant. The research was carried out in a private field in the Al- Madinah district north of Basra during the 2022 agricultural season. Organic manure (cow manure) was added to the soil at two different rates of 5% and 10% of the soil weight at a depth of 30 cm. Biofertilizer was sprayed on the leaves at three different rates of 2%, 4%, and 8 g/l of yeast suspension. Comparisons were made between the outcomes and the control group (without any addition). The experiment outcomes demonstrate that all indicators of vegetative growth and production were maximized by treating organic fertilizer at 10% concentration and spraying biofertilizer at 8 g/liter concentration. It attained the most significant values for plant height, leaf number, leaf area, fruit weight, and overall plant yield, measuring 156.18 cm, 85.34 leaves, 1.48 m2, 4.86 g, and 338.16 g/plant, respectively.
{"title":"Effect of organic and bio-fertilizers on okra plant growth","authors":"H. Aziz","doi":"10.22194/jgias/23.1041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22194/jgias/23.1041","url":null,"abstract":"This experiment aimed to determine the impact of organic and biological fertilizers on the development of the okra plant. The research was carried out in a private field in the Al- Madinah district north of Basra during the 2022 agricultural season. Organic manure (cow manure) was added to the soil at two different rates of 5% and 10% of the soil weight at a depth of 30 cm. Biofertilizer was sprayed on the leaves at three different rates of 2%, 4%, and 8 g/l of yeast suspension. Comparisons were made between the outcomes and the control group (without any addition). The experiment outcomes demonstrate that all indicators of vegetative growth and production were maximized by treating organic fertilizer at 10% concentration and spraying biofertilizer at 8 g/liter concentration. It attained the most significant values for plant height, leaf number, leaf area, fruit weight, and overall plant yield, measuring 156.18 cm, 85.34 leaves, 1.48 m2, 4.86 g, and 338.16 g/plant, respectively.","PeriodicalId":303968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124084510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Malik, Q. Ali, G. Murtaza, Asad Aslam, Naima Din
Tribolium castaneum is devastating cosmopolitan insect pest of stored grain. The present study investigated the impact of three insect growth regulators on different life stages of T. castaneum. Percent mortality (%) induced was observed at 0.75. 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 ppm doses of each IGR after 7, 14 and 21 day exposure. In addition to larval and parental mortality, progeny suppression data was also recorded. The larvae of the 2nd instar were more susceptible to lufenuron, with mortality reaching 100% at 10ppm even after a 14-day interval. In the case of pyriproxifen, 2nd instar did not responded to all dose rates until 14 days however 21 days, statistically corresponding 2.5 to 10 ppm dose rates was detected. At 20 ppm, methoxy fenazide resulted in 92 percent mortality of 2nd larval instar mortality, and the larvae responded to all dose rates at all exposure intervals that varied significantly among themselves. The mean mortality of the 4th instar larvae at 20 ppm for lufenuron after a 21-day interval was 90%, which was not significantly different from the mortalities (62 and 80%) at the same dose rate after 7 and 14 days, respectively. All the IGRs were very effective in progeny suppression (>80%) and complete progeny suppression (100%) was observed in adults treated with methoxyfenazide and lufenuron at 2.5 and 10 ppm doses, respectively. It is concluded that all the screened IGRs were effective in progeny suppression and in some cases, complete progeny suppression was achieved
{"title":"Impact of insect growth regulators on reproduction and life stages of Tribolium Castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)","authors":"H. Malik, Q. Ali, G. Murtaza, Asad Aslam, Naima Din","doi":"10.22194/jgias/11.1059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22194/jgias/11.1059","url":null,"abstract":"Tribolium castaneum is devastating cosmopolitan insect pest of stored grain. The present study investigated the impact of three insect growth regulators on different life stages of T. castaneum. Percent mortality (%) induced was observed at 0.75. 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 ppm doses of each IGR after 7, 14 and 21 day exposure. In addition to larval and parental mortality, progeny suppression data was also recorded. The larvae of the 2nd instar were more susceptible to lufenuron, with mortality reaching 100% at 10ppm even after a 14-day interval. In the case of pyriproxifen, 2nd instar did not responded to all dose rates until 14 days however 21 days, statistically corresponding 2.5 to 10 ppm dose rates was detected. At 20 ppm, methoxy fenazide resulted in 92 percent mortality of 2nd larval instar mortality, and the larvae responded to all dose rates at all exposure intervals that varied significantly among themselves. The mean mortality of the 4th instar larvae at 20 ppm for lufenuron after a 21-day interval was 90%, which was not significantly different from the mortalities (62 and 80%) at the same dose rate after 7 and 14 days, respectively. All the IGRs were very effective in progeny suppression (>80%) and complete progeny suppression (100%) was observed in adults treated with methoxyfenazide and lufenuron at 2.5 and 10 ppm doses, respectively. It is concluded that all the screened IGRs were effective in progeny suppression and in some cases, complete progeny suppression was achieved","PeriodicalId":303968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123812120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hawraa F. H. Al-abedi, I. Khalil', Atheer Qasim Mohammed Ali, Wisam Thamer Al-Mayah
A total of 150 samples were collected from seven layers poultry farms IN Wasit Province of Iraq. Fifty (50) from layers poultry and hundred (100) from farm premises including poultry feed, surfaces associated with feed container and water drinkers indicating isolation of 60 (40%) mold and yeast based on morphological characteristics and diagnosed to species by using sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region. Aspergillus versicolor recorded higher isolation rate 20/60 (33.3%), followed by Candida albicans 16/60 (26.6%), Aspergillus wlwitschiae 12/60 (20%), Diutina catenulata 10/60 (16.6%), and the lowest percentage was observed for Lichtheimia ramose 2/60 (3.3%). The analyses of Mycotoxins in poultry feed conducted by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), revealed aflatoxins B1 (AFB1) in all feed samples (70) with total range (6.945 ppb), and for each: soybean (8.060 ppb), corn (3.287 ppb) and wheat (3.287 ppb). While 60 (85%) out of 70 sample were contaminated with ochratoxin in feed samples with total range (2.658 ppb), for soybean, corn and wheat as (1.122 ppb), (2.596 ppb) and (1.068 ppb) respectively (permissible ratios <20 ppb). Also about 14 (57%) out of 70 samples were contaminated with T2 toxin with total feed range (33.629%) as (113.321 ppb) for corn, (99.817 ppb) for soybean and (64.486 ppb) for wheat samples (permissible ratios <100). This study indicates the importance of continuous mycological evaluation of poultry feed production, hen’s fungal infections and Mycotoxins contamination may directly threaten the industry and harm the consumers at the same time.
{"title":"Morphological, molecular investigation of fungi isolated from layers poultry and their environment with their mycotoxins profile in Wasit province","authors":"Hawraa F. H. Al-abedi, I. Khalil', Atheer Qasim Mohammed Ali, Wisam Thamer Al-Mayah","doi":"10.22194/jgias/23.1077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22194/jgias/23.1077","url":null,"abstract":"A total of 150 samples were collected from seven layers poultry farms IN Wasit Province of Iraq. Fifty (50) from layers poultry and hundred (100) from farm premises including poultry feed, surfaces associated with feed container and water drinkers indicating isolation of 60 (40%) mold and yeast based on morphological characteristics and diagnosed to species by using sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region. Aspergillus versicolor recorded higher isolation rate 20/60 (33.3%), followed by Candida albicans 16/60 (26.6%), Aspergillus wlwitschiae 12/60 (20%), Diutina catenulata 10/60 (16.6%), and the lowest percentage was observed for Lichtheimia ramose 2/60 (3.3%). The analyses of Mycotoxins in poultry feed conducted by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), revealed aflatoxins B1 (AFB1) in all feed samples (70) with total range (6.945 ppb), and for each: soybean (8.060 ppb), corn (3.287 ppb) and wheat (3.287 ppb). While 60 (85%) out of 70 sample were contaminated with ochratoxin in feed samples with total range (2.658 ppb), for soybean, corn and wheat as (1.122 ppb), (2.596 ppb) and (1.068 ppb) respectively (permissible ratios <20 ppb). Also about 14 (57%) out of 70 samples were contaminated with T2 toxin with total feed range (33.629%) as (113.321 ppb) for corn, (99.817 ppb) for soybean and (64.486 ppb) for wheat samples (permissible ratios <100). This study indicates the importance of continuous mycological evaluation of poultry feed production, hen’s fungal infections and Mycotoxins contamination may directly threaten the industry and harm the consumers at the same time.","PeriodicalId":303968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133176848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amjad Ali, Irum Tabbasum, Fatih Ölmez, H. Azeem, Gizem Deveci, Muhammad Mehtab
Plant pathogens are considered a major constraint in decreasing the quality and quantity of plants and plant products by attacking the seed from its germination to the harvesting stage. To date, various multifunctional chemical pesticides have been applied to control these infectious entities, but these chemical pesticides are not as effective in controlling them. That is why "bacterial endophytes," an alternative to these chemical pesticides, have been determined in the history of mankind through multidisciplinary ways. At the same time, these endophytes work to save the living environment, improve plant growth, and control infectious plant pathogens. The current study summarizes and analyzes the pioneering and recent works on plant bacterial endophytes and their mechanisms as biocontrol agents/plant growth promotion, interaction with the host plant, root colonization, systemic colonization of aerial plant tissues, phytohormone production and modulation, host specificity, genes expressed in the endosphere, multi-omics approaches to improve endophyte use, and biopesticide formulation by these bacterial endophytes. The manuscript highlights the most necessary information about bacterial endophytes, and the study will play a vital role in the further use and handling of these bacterial endophytes for sustainable agricultural production.
{"title":"Bacterial Endophytes, a resilient way toward sustainable agriculture: provide plant growth promotion and biocontrol of plant pathogens","authors":"Amjad Ali, Irum Tabbasum, Fatih Ölmez, H. Azeem, Gizem Deveci, Muhammad Mehtab","doi":"10.22194/jgias/11.1046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22194/jgias/11.1046","url":null,"abstract":"Plant pathogens are considered a major constraint in decreasing the quality and quantity of plants and plant products by attacking the seed from its germination to the harvesting stage. To date, various multifunctional chemical pesticides have been applied to control these infectious entities, but these chemical pesticides are not as effective in controlling them. That is why \"bacterial endophytes,\" an alternative to these chemical pesticides, have been determined in the history of mankind through multidisciplinary ways. At the same time, these endophytes work to save the living environment, improve plant growth, and control infectious plant pathogens. The current study summarizes and analyzes the pioneering and recent works on plant bacterial endophytes and their mechanisms as biocontrol agents/plant growth promotion, interaction with the host plant, root colonization, systemic colonization of aerial plant tissues, phytohormone production and modulation, host specificity, genes expressed in the endosphere, multi-omics approaches to improve endophyte use, and biopesticide formulation by these bacterial endophytes. The manuscript highlights the most necessary information about bacterial endophytes, and the study will play a vital role in the further use and handling of these bacterial endophytes for sustainable agricultural production.","PeriodicalId":303968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129587122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ehsan Raza, Sajid Abbas Khan, Muhammad Shahid Anees, M. Kamal, Muhammad Shahid Nawaz
Wolbachiapipientis is genus of gram-negative bacteria which infect the members of phylum arthropoda, mainly affects the class insecta and some nematodes. Wolbachiapipientis are the common bacterial symbionts of the insects. About 25 to 70% of insect species are estimated to be the host of Wolbachiapipientis. Infection of these bacteria can alter the reproduction and biology of the host. Even some host species can not reproduce without Wolbachiapipientis infection. Due to thisreason, Wolbachiapipientis are used to control the population of pest species. A major reseach objective is the detection of Wolbachiapipientis in the Plodiainterpuntella populations of different cities of Pakistan leading towards its phylogenetic descriptions through molecular markers. Plodia interpuntella commonly called Indian meal moth. This insect is the major and most destructive pest of food grains such as, rice, maize and other cereals. The presence of this pest is relating with occurrence of such grains in homes and grocery stores. Indian meal moth feeding reduces the dry weight of stored grains. This study was done to estimates the economic and yield losses of food gains due to Plodia interpuntella in the different cities of Pakistain such as (Faisalabad, Jhang and Layyah) from Punjab, (Peshawar) from KPK and (Hyderabad) from Sindh. Firstly, the Collection of Plodiainterpunctella was completed from mention areas, and the pest was identified through morphologically, molecular analysis, eggs and larval instar. The results of our study showed that, the pest infection rate was ot similar in all the citites. Its majorly attack was identified in Faisalabd, Jhang, Layyah, Peshwar and Hyderabad gradually. During the study, pest infection rate was calculated in four months, July, August, September and October. The attack of pest was maximum in the start of July and minimum at the end of Octobor in stored grains. The results were calculated by using DNA extraction. The statistical analysis was performed through SPSS.
{"title":"Identification of Wolbachia pipientis and phylogenetic studies of plodia interpuntella populations in different cities of Pakistan","authors":"Ehsan Raza, Sajid Abbas Khan, Muhammad Shahid Anees, M. Kamal, Muhammad Shahid Nawaz","doi":"10.22194/jgias/11.1090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22194/jgias/11.1090","url":null,"abstract":"Wolbachiapipientis is genus of gram-negative bacteria which infect the members of phylum arthropoda, mainly affects the class insecta and some nematodes. Wolbachiapipientis are the common bacterial symbionts of the insects. About 25 to 70% of insect species are estimated to be the host of Wolbachiapipientis. Infection of these bacteria can alter the reproduction and biology of the host. Even some host species can not reproduce without Wolbachiapipientis infection. Due to thisreason, Wolbachiapipientis are used to control the population of pest species. A major reseach objective is the detection of Wolbachiapipientis in the Plodiainterpuntella populations of different cities of Pakistan leading towards its phylogenetic descriptions through molecular markers. Plodia interpuntella commonly called Indian meal moth. This insect is the major and most destructive pest of food grains such as, rice, maize and other cereals. The presence of this pest is relating with occurrence of such grains in homes and grocery stores. Indian meal moth feeding reduces the dry weight of stored grains. This study was done to estimates the economic and yield losses of food gains due to Plodia interpuntella in the different cities of Pakistain such as (Faisalabad, Jhang and Layyah) from Punjab, (Peshawar) from KPK and (Hyderabad) from Sindh. Firstly, the Collection of Plodiainterpunctella was completed from mention areas, and the pest was identified through morphologically, molecular analysis, eggs and larval instar. The results of our study showed that, the pest infection rate was ot similar in all the citites. Its majorly attack was identified in Faisalabd, Jhang, Layyah, Peshwar and Hyderabad gradually. During the study, pest infection rate was calculated in four months, July, August, September and October. The attack of pest was maximum in the start of July and minimum at the end of Octobor in stored grains. The results were calculated by using DNA extraction. The statistical analysis was performed through SPSS.","PeriodicalId":303968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural Sciences","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128473345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arbutus unedo L. is an important food on the nutritional side. Unfortunately, most of its production is lost by the lack of appropriate conservation techniques. This study was carried out to follow the evolution of physicochemical, microbiological and microscopic parameters of two stages of Arbutus unedo L. fruits maturation during a period of conservation between 01 February 2021 and 29 July 2021 in a sugar solution with the presence of a percentage of lemon juice 4%. The results revealed that the fruits soaked in a sugar solution with a concentration of 75% remained more stable during the 180 days of conservation than those soaked in an equal concentration solution, 50% of sugar. With a slight increase in pH and medium pH, accompanied by a significant decrease in water content and an increase in total aerobic mesophilic germs. Therefore, sugar improves the conservation of Arbutus unedo L. fruits in a high concentration.
{"title":"Arbutus unedo L. fruits stabilization during conservation in a sweet environment","authors":"Badreddine El Mejhed, F. Kzaiber, W. Terouzi","doi":"10.22194/jgias/23.1072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22194/jgias/23.1072","url":null,"abstract":"Arbutus unedo L. is an important food on the nutritional side. Unfortunately, most of its production is lost by the lack of appropriate conservation techniques. This study was carried out to follow the evolution of physicochemical, microbiological and microscopic parameters of two stages of Arbutus unedo L. fruits maturation during a period of conservation between 01 February 2021 and 29 July 2021 in a sugar solution with the presence of a percentage of lemon juice 4%. The results revealed that the fruits soaked in a sugar solution with a concentration of 75% remained more stable during the 180 days of conservation than those soaked in an equal concentration solution, 50% of sugar. With a slight increase in pH and medium pH, accompanied by a significant decrease in water content and an increase in total aerobic mesophilic germs. Therefore, sugar improves the conservation of Arbutus unedo L. fruits in a high concentration.","PeriodicalId":303968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134290677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Insect pests are serious threat to agricultural crops. Recurrent use of similar chemicals has resulted in many problems like resistance development in insects and hazardous effects on environments. The present research work was executed to probe out the comparative efficacy of some newer granular insecticidal formulations against yellow stem borer of rice, Scirpophaga incertulus (Walker). Recommended dose rates of the selected insecticides were used against the targeted insect pest. Results of incidence of S. incertulus larvae on paddy tillers showed that highest mean number population (22.40 larvae) were noted in experimental plots under flood irrigation compared with AWD irrigated plots (12.36 larvae). Data regarding dead-hearts revealed that maximum (8.5 dead-hearts /plot) were recorded in control followed by Cartap Hydrochloride (4.2 dead-hearts/plot) while lowest (2.21 dead-hearts/plot) by S. incertulus infestation were noted in chlorantraniliprol + Thiamethoxam plots under AWD irrigation. However, all the tested treatments were found superior over control. Results of white earheads showed that maximum (12.1 white earheads/plot) were recorded in case of control plot followed by Cartap Hydrochloride@ 22 kg/ha (4.16 white earheads/plot), Fipronil @20.0 kg/ha (3.78 white earheads/plot) whereas lowest (2.96 white earheads/plot) were recorded in chlorantraniliprol + Thiamethoxam treated plots. Crop water productivity of paddy plots under AWD irrigation was 0.29 kg/m3 comparatively greater than plots under flood irrigation i.e., 0.12 kg/m3. Use of new granular formulation of insecticide together with improved irrigation can be helpful for Integrated Management of yell stem borer of rice.
{"title":"Appraisal of some granular insecticides against yellow-stem borer and Crop Water Productivity of Rice under two irrigation regimes","authors":"H. Rehman, M. Akram, Tahir Mehmood, H. M. Bilal","doi":"10.22194/jgias/23.1070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22194/jgias/23.1070","url":null,"abstract":"Insect pests are serious threat to agricultural crops. Recurrent use of similar chemicals has resulted in many problems like resistance development in insects and hazardous effects on environments. The present research work was executed to probe out the comparative efficacy of some newer granular insecticidal formulations against yellow stem borer of rice, Scirpophaga incertulus (Walker). Recommended dose rates of the selected insecticides were used against the targeted insect pest. Results of incidence of S. incertulus larvae on paddy tillers showed that highest mean number population (22.40 larvae) were noted in experimental plots under flood irrigation compared with AWD irrigated plots (12.36 larvae). Data regarding dead-hearts revealed that maximum (8.5 dead-hearts /plot) were recorded in control followed by Cartap Hydrochloride (4.2 dead-hearts/plot) while lowest (2.21 dead-hearts/plot) by S. incertulus infestation were noted in chlorantraniliprol + Thiamethoxam plots under AWD irrigation. However, all the tested treatments were found superior over control. Results of white earheads showed that maximum (12.1 white earheads/plot) were recorded in case of control plot followed by Cartap Hydrochloride@ 22 kg/ha (4.16 white earheads/plot), Fipronil @20.0 kg/ha (3.78 white earheads/plot) whereas lowest (2.96 white earheads/plot) were recorded in chlorantraniliprol + Thiamethoxam treated plots. Crop water productivity of paddy plots under AWD irrigation was 0.29 kg/m3 comparatively greater than plots under flood irrigation i.e., 0.12 kg/m3. Use of new granular formulation of insecticide together with improved irrigation can be helpful for Integrated Management of yell stem borer of rice.","PeriodicalId":303968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural Sciences","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114286011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Availability of food on a sustainable basis throughout the year is of prime importance in a country. The part of agricultural extension in the maintainable progress of rural areas has not been completely utilized to understand sustainable rural societies. An operative extension scheme of any country plays a highly significant role in the growing procedure. Nevertheless, a lot of criticism is being done in Pakistan for not resulting in remarkable improvement crop yield and wanted constructive changes in the rural earnings. Innovative enterprises in the form of dissolution and distribution; contributing methods to extension, and the usage of novel info and communication skills have been engaged to increase the competence and efficiency of the facility. An extension organization that could encourage supportable farming and solve community growth problems like food security is in utmost necessity.
{"title":"Community food insecurity and role of agriculture extension in rural development","authors":"Humera Amin, Urwah Sheikh, Kanwal Asghar, Irum Shahid","doi":"10.22194/jgias/23.1063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22194/jgias/23.1063","url":null,"abstract":"Availability of food on a sustainable basis throughout the year is of prime importance in a country. The part of agricultural extension in the maintainable progress of rural areas has not been completely utilized to understand sustainable rural societies. An operative extension scheme of any country plays a highly significant role in the growing procedure. Nevertheless, a lot of criticism is being done in Pakistan for not resulting in remarkable improvement crop yield and wanted constructive changes in the rural earnings. Innovative enterprises in the form of dissolution and distribution; contributing methods to extension, and the usage of novel info and communication skills have been engaged to increase the competence and efficiency of the facility. An extension organization that could encourage supportable farming and solve community growth problems like food security is in utmost necessity.","PeriodicalId":303968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural Sciences","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121972873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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