Cotton is produced in more than eighty countries and plays a critical role in the economies of all. Soil depletion is occurring at an unprecedented rate as a result of salinity. Salinity is an emerging global issue which significant harm cotton productivity. In this situation, cotton requires long-term development; various salinity mitigation strategies can lead to long-term cotton economic output. Developing resilient cotton varieties is the first step in overcoming this long-term challenge. Numerous researchers are eager to improve various strategies (by applying modern biological tools) so that of cotton can combat the many threats face through its life cycle. Cotton's plant adaptation can be established by utilizing a variety of biotechnological methods. The improvement of suitable field conditions for optimum crop development is also taken into account; fertilizer application, good quality water supply and soil reclamation are all necessary to reduce saline situations and improve cotton output.
{"title":"A comprehensive review on salinity effects, mechanism of tolerance and its management strategies in cotton","authors":"M. N. Khalid, H. Ajmal, I. Amjad","doi":"10.22194/jgias/10.1017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22194/jgias/10.1017","url":null,"abstract":"Cotton is produced in more than eighty countries and plays a critical role in the economies of all. Soil depletion is occurring at an unprecedented rate as a result of salinity. Salinity is an emerging global issue which significant harm cotton productivity. In this situation, cotton requires long-term development; various salinity mitigation strategies can lead to long-term cotton economic output. Developing resilient cotton varieties is the first step in overcoming this long-term challenge. Numerous researchers are eager to improve various strategies (by applying modern biological tools) so that of cotton can combat the many threats face through its life cycle. Cotton's plant adaptation can be established by utilizing a variety of biotechnological methods. The improvement of suitable field conditions for optimum crop development is also taken into account; fertilizer application, good quality water supply and soil reclamation are all necessary to reduce saline situations and improve cotton output.","PeriodicalId":303968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural Sciences","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125973187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Both cattle and buffalo are rich genetic resource, raised for dairy, meat and draft purposes and possess great economic significance globally. Genomic characterization is imperative to explore inherent potential of animal species for targeted improvement in performance traits. This study aimed to perform comparative genomic characterization and sequence analysis of casein genes family (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2 and CSN3) in Bos taurus and Bubalus bubalis. Phylogenetic, motif, conserved domain and gene structure analyses discovered evolutionarily conserved nature of these genes in cattle and buffalo. Results indicated that casein proteins were thermostable and hydrophilic, although αs1, β, and κ caseins showed acidic behavior except for αs2-casein that was somewhat basic. The present study revealed lower distribution of transcription binding (TFB) sites particularly CAP, GATA, HSF2 and LMO2COM in Bubalus bubalis as compared to Bos taurus which might have potential effects on the transcription and translational efficiencies of casein genes in Bos taurus. However, functional studies are required to evaluate the effects of these TFB sites on regulation of casein genes expression in Bos taurus and Bubalus bubalis.
{"title":"Comparative genomic characterization and screening of regulatory regions of casein gene family in Bos taurus and Bubalus bubalis","authors":"M. Asim, M. Saif-ur-Rehman","doi":"10.22194/jgias/10.995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22194/jgias/10.995","url":null,"abstract":"Both cattle and buffalo are rich genetic resource, raised for dairy, meat and draft purposes and possess great economic significance globally. Genomic characterization is imperative to explore inherent potential of animal species for targeted improvement in performance traits. This study aimed to perform comparative genomic characterization and sequence analysis of casein genes family (CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2 and CSN3) in Bos taurus and Bubalus bubalis. Phylogenetic, motif, conserved domain and gene structure analyses discovered evolutionarily conserved nature of these genes in cattle and buffalo. Results indicated that casein proteins were thermostable and hydrophilic, although αs1, β, and κ caseins showed acidic behavior except for αs2-casein that was somewhat basic. The present study revealed lower distribution of transcription binding (TFB) sites particularly CAP, GATA, HSF2 and LMO2COM in Bubalus bubalis as compared to Bos taurus which might have potential effects on the transcription and translational efficiencies of casein genes in Bos taurus. However, functional studies are required to evaluate the effects of these TFB sites on regulation of casein genes expression in Bos taurus and Bubalus bubalis.","PeriodicalId":303968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural Sciences","volume":"139 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121361834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The primary aim of this study was to undergo exploratory research, using a systematic mapping of literature to ascertain the current knowledge level on agripreneurship concepts, agripreneurial opportunities, behaviors, performance, and challenges affecting agripreneurial development in developing countries. A systematic mapping technique was used involving PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) methodology. A comprehensive search of Google Scholar and Science Direct that produced a total sample of 47 research articles from 2010 to 2020. The literature review identified an array of definitions of agripreneurship, implying that there is still no unified definition of agripreneurship. The exploratory study also found input supply, production, agro-processing, marketing, transportation, and services viable business opportunities for potential youth agripreneurs. Moreover, the study identified a host of factors influencing agripreneurship behavior. Personality traits, psychological, and contextual factors such as perceived government support and social networking were highlighted as essential determinants driving agripreneurial ventures. In most research revealed that agripreneurial orientation, skill, personality traits, and perceived government and family and friends support significantly impact business performance. However, the review highlight several challenges affecting agripreneurship development in developing countries, such as lack of government support, discouragement from family and friends, poor infrastructure, imperfect market institutions, lack of agripreneurial skills, and inadequate credit facilities for agripreneurial ventures
{"title":"A systematic Mapping of Agripreneurship Studies in Developing Countries: A Review of Research Direction and Gaps","authors":"Mortala Boye, H. A. Raza, Muhammad Asghar","doi":"10.22194/jgias/10.990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22194/jgias/10.990","url":null,"abstract":"The primary aim of this study was to undergo exploratory research, using a systematic mapping of literature to ascertain the current knowledge level on agripreneurship concepts, agripreneurial opportunities, behaviors, performance, and challenges affecting agripreneurial development in developing countries. A systematic mapping technique was used involving PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) methodology. A comprehensive search of Google Scholar and Science Direct that produced a total sample of 47 research articles from 2010 to 2020. The literature review identified an array of definitions of agripreneurship, implying that there is still no unified definition of agripreneurship. The exploratory study also found input supply, production, agro-processing, marketing, transportation, and services viable business opportunities for potential youth agripreneurs. Moreover, the study identified a host of factors influencing agripreneurship behavior. Personality traits, psychological, and contextual factors such as perceived government support and social networking were highlighted as essential determinants driving agripreneurial ventures. In most research revealed that agripreneurial orientation, skill, personality traits, and perceived government and family and friends support significantly impact business performance. However, the review highlight several challenges affecting agripreneurship development in developing countries, such as lack of government support, discouragement from family and friends, poor infrastructure, imperfect market institutions, lack of agripreneurial skills, and inadequate credit facilities for agripreneurial ventures","PeriodicalId":303968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130649302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Mohy-Ud-Din, M. Ijaz, Durr-i Chaman, A. Manzoor
This study was designed to investigate feasibility of canine ovariectomy using laparoscopy under local conditions of Pakistan, in comparison with conventional open surgery method. Twelve adult, clinically healthy bitches were randomly divided into equal groups. Animals of group A were subjected to laparoscopic ovariectomy, using three portal technique, while dogs of group B were ovariectomized through open surgery, using ventral midline approach. Operative time and amount of blood loss in dogs of both groups were recorded immediately after completion of operation, while scar length was measured at day 7 after operation, Moreover, cardinal and hematological variables were recorded for dogs of each group before surgery and then at day 1, 3 and 7 after operation. Results showed that operative time in bitches of group A was significantly higher (P<0.01) as compared to those of group B, whereas incision length and blood loss were higher in dogs of group B. However, there was no difference in cardinal variables between dogs of two groups before surgery and on day 1, 3 and 7 after operation. Among hematological variables, hemoglobin concentration and RBC count showed no variation between dogs of two groups and remained unchanged before and after surgery. Similarly, WBC count differed non-significantly between animals of two groups before and day 7 after surgery. However, it was higher in group B than group A on day 1 and 3 after surgery (P< 0.05). In conclusion ovariectomy through laparoscopy is an efficient procedure and can be recommended instead of open surgery in bitches.
{"title":"Comparative study of ovariectomy by laparoscopic and conventional open surgery methods in bitches","authors":"Z. Mohy-Ud-Din, M. Ijaz, Durr-i Chaman, A. Manzoor","doi":"10.22194/jgias/10.1001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22194/jgias/10.1001","url":null,"abstract":"This study was designed to investigate feasibility of canine ovariectomy using laparoscopy under local conditions of Pakistan, in comparison with conventional open surgery method. Twelve adult, clinically healthy bitches were randomly divided into equal groups. Animals of group A were subjected to laparoscopic ovariectomy, using three portal technique, while dogs of group B were ovariectomized through open surgery, using ventral midline approach. Operative time and amount of blood loss in dogs of both groups were recorded immediately after completion of operation, while scar length was measured at day 7 after operation, Moreover, cardinal and hematological variables were recorded for dogs of each group before surgery and then at day 1, 3 and 7 after operation. Results showed that operative time in bitches of group A was significantly higher (P<0.01) as compared to those of group B, whereas incision length and blood loss were higher in dogs of group B. However, there was no difference in cardinal variables between dogs of two groups before surgery and on day 1, 3 and 7 after operation. Among hematological variables, hemoglobin concentration and RBC count showed no variation between dogs of two groups and remained unchanged before and after surgery. Similarly, WBC count differed non-significantly between animals of two groups before and day 7 after surgery. However, it was higher in group B than group A on day 1 and 3 after surgery (P< 0.05). In conclusion ovariectomy through laparoscopy is an efficient procedure and can be recommended instead of open surgery in bitches.","PeriodicalId":303968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural Sciences","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132273203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Courses on GMOs in Agricultural Faculties are included in the curriculum of the departments under different names. It was aimed to determine the knowledge level of 273 agricultural engineering students from Faculty of Agriculture studying at Kırsehir Ahi Evran University, Turkiye in this study. The questionnaire consisted of a test on Personal Information Scale to measure their knowledge about GMO Foods. The data obtained showed that the students in the Department of Agricultural Biotechnology had the highest level of awareness about GMOs and GMO based foods. It was concluded that awareness and knowledge of the students was related to their subject of the study, grade and gender. It was understood that male students had a higher GMO awareness compared to the female students. The results of the study revealed that it was appropriate and necessary to include more detailed courses about GMOs in the curricula of the departments in faculties of agriculture. The findings obtained from this study can be used as a source to prepare or rearrange curricula of the departments in agricultural faculties.
{"title":"Determining GMO awareness among students of agricultural engineering in Turkiye","authors":"Sevil Sağlam Yilmaz, Songül Kutlu","doi":"10.22194/jgias/10.997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22194/jgias/10.997","url":null,"abstract":"Courses on GMOs in Agricultural Faculties are included in the curriculum of the departments under different names. It was aimed to determine the knowledge level of 273 agricultural engineering students from Faculty of Agriculture studying at Kırsehir Ahi Evran University, Turkiye in this study. The questionnaire consisted of a test on Personal Information Scale to measure their knowledge about GMO Foods. The data obtained showed that the students in the Department of Agricultural Biotechnology had the highest level of awareness about GMOs and GMO based foods. It was concluded that awareness and knowledge of the students was related to their subject of the study, grade and gender. It was understood that male students had a higher GMO awareness compared to the female students. The results of the study revealed that it was appropriate and necessary to include more detailed courses about GMOs in the curricula of the departments in faculties of agriculture. The findings obtained from this study can be used as a source to prepare or rearrange curricula of the departments in agricultural faculties.","PeriodicalId":303968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122118945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Ali, M. Ijaz, A. Manzoor, Z. Mohy-Ud-Din, Maheen Shafaq
A hernia is an abnormal protrusion of a tissue or a complete organ through the wall of the cavity in which it is normally present. Surgically, hernias can be repaired using two techniques which is herniorrhaphy and hernioplasty. In herniorrhaphy, hernial ring is closed only by suturing ring, while in hernioplasty hernial ring is closed by some external aid. Different types of synthetic mesh materials are being used in hernioplasty which exceed the cost of treatment and burden on low-income farmers. To overcome this set back present study was planned with the objective to evaluate potential use of mosquito net as an alternative to mesh material in hernia repair. To achieve this, 20 rabbits were included in the study. After preparing the animals for aseptic surgery and anaesthesia, a wall defect (11x4cm) was created in ventral abdomen. Afterwards the animals were divided into two equal groups. For the wall defect of group 1 commercially available mesh was used while mosquito net was used for same purpose in rabbits of group 2. The efficacy of both the materials was compared using macroscopy parameters, ultrasonographic evaluation and histopathological examination of healed tissue. The data generated was subjected to statistical analysis using chi-square technique. The findings showed that the strength, type and extent of adhesions were non-significant (p>0.05) in both groups on day 15 as well as on day 30th. There were no recurrences, and the mesh was well-integrated into the host tissue in both the groups. Nylon mosquito net used in the current study to repair hernia defect gave almost similar results as that with commercially available mesh and the statistical results were also insignificant. Considering the findings of the study it is concluded that as mosquito net used for repair of induced abdominal wall defect resulted into comparatively equal results to commercially available mesh with minimal to no tissue reaction, almost similar tissue healing histopathologically and no difference on ultrasonographic (USG) examination makes mosquito net a suitable and economical replacement for commercial mesh.
{"title":"Evaluation of potential use of mosquito net as an alternative and cheaper source for hernia repair in rabbits","authors":"A. Ali, M. Ijaz, A. Manzoor, Z. Mohy-Ud-Din, Maheen Shafaq","doi":"10.22194/jgias/10.1000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22194/jgias/10.1000","url":null,"abstract":"A hernia is an abnormal protrusion of a tissue or a complete organ through the wall of the cavity in which it is normally present. Surgically, hernias can be repaired using two techniques which is herniorrhaphy and hernioplasty. In herniorrhaphy, hernial ring is closed only by suturing ring, while in hernioplasty hernial ring is closed by some external aid. Different types of synthetic mesh materials are being used in hernioplasty which exceed the cost of treatment and burden on low-income farmers. To overcome this set back present study was planned with the objective to evaluate potential use of mosquito net as an alternative to mesh material in hernia repair. To achieve this, 20 rabbits were included in the study. After preparing the animals for aseptic surgery and anaesthesia, a wall defect (11x4cm) was created in ventral abdomen. Afterwards the animals were divided into two equal groups. For the wall defect of group 1 commercially available mesh was used while mosquito net was used for same purpose in rabbits of group 2. The efficacy of both the materials was compared using macroscopy parameters, ultrasonographic evaluation and histopathological examination of healed tissue. The data generated was subjected to statistical analysis using chi-square technique. The findings showed that the strength, type and extent of adhesions were non-significant (p>0.05) in both groups on day 15 as well as on day 30th. There were no recurrences, and the mesh was well-integrated into the host tissue in both the groups. Nylon mosquito net used in the current study to repair hernia defect gave almost similar results as that with commercially available mesh and the statistical results were also insignificant. Considering the findings of the study it is concluded that as mosquito net used for repair of induced abdominal wall defect resulted into comparatively equal results to commercially available mesh with minimal to no tissue reaction, almost similar tissue healing histopathologically and no difference on ultrasonographic (USG) examination makes mosquito net a suitable and economical replacement for commercial mesh.","PeriodicalId":303968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural Sciences","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132851017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Salinity stress is the most notorious among all abiotic stresses. It hampers the growth and productivity of crops via ionic imbalance, disturbance in the metabolic process and specific ions toxicity. The necessity of time is to introduce better organic amendment rates for its mitigation in cereal crops, especially maize. Therefore, a pot experiment was performed in the wirehouse of the Saline Agriculture Research Centre (SARC), University of Agriculture, Faisalabad to evaluate the effect of farmyard manure and compost application rates in saline soil. A hybrid maize variety (Monsanto DK-6789) was sown and recommended doses of NPK were applied. Organic amendments (FYM and Compost) with their rates (recommended, 25% increased dose of recommended and 50% increased dose of recommended) were applied to assess the growth of hybrid maize with salinity levels (Control < 2dS m-1, moderate salinity_5dS m-1, High salinity_10dS m-1). Seven treatments each with three replicates were carried out by using Complete Randomized Design (CRD). The results of the study indicated that T4 (50% increased farmyard manure) and T7 (50% increased compost) were significantly varied in controlling the shoot and root length, shoot and root fresh weight and dry weight of maize over control at <2, 5 and 10 dS m-1 EC. A significant increase of 32, 28 and 39% in chlorophyll contents of maize validated the efficacious functioning of T4 over control for alleviation of <2, 5 and 10 dS m-1 salinity. Similarly, significant enhancement of 48, 39 and 84% in root fresh weight also declared that T7 was a better treatment under <2, 5 and 10 dSm-1 salinity. In conclusion, T4 and T7 can be used and recommended for better alleviation of salinity stress in maize. More experiments are suggested at the field level by using these 2 application rates of farmyard manure and compost for declaration of modified amendment for salinity stress mitigation.
{"title":"Effects of Different Organic Amendments on Maize (Zea Mays L.) Growth in Salt Affected Soil","authors":"Inam Irshad, M. Anwar-ul-Haq","doi":"10.22194/jgias/10.998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22194/jgias/10.998","url":null,"abstract":"Salinity stress is the most notorious among all abiotic stresses. It hampers the growth and productivity of crops via ionic imbalance, disturbance in the metabolic process and specific ions toxicity. The necessity of time is to introduce better organic amendment rates for its mitigation in cereal crops, especially maize. Therefore, a pot experiment was performed in the wirehouse of the Saline Agriculture Research Centre (SARC), University of Agriculture, Faisalabad to evaluate the effect of farmyard manure and compost application rates in saline soil. A hybrid maize variety (Monsanto DK-6789) was sown and recommended doses of NPK were applied. Organic amendments (FYM and Compost) with their rates (recommended, 25% increased dose of recommended and 50% increased dose of recommended) were applied to assess the growth of hybrid maize with salinity levels (Control < 2dS m-1, moderate salinity_5dS m-1, High salinity_10dS m-1). Seven treatments each with three replicates were carried out by using Complete Randomized Design (CRD). The results of the study indicated that T4 (50% increased farmyard manure) and T7 (50% increased compost) were significantly varied in controlling the shoot and root length, shoot and root fresh weight and dry weight of maize over control at <2, 5 and 10 dS m-1 EC. A significant increase of 32, 28 and 39% in chlorophyll contents of maize validated the efficacious functioning of T4 over control for alleviation of <2, 5 and 10 dS m-1 salinity. Similarly, significant enhancement of 48, 39 and 84% in root fresh weight also declared that T7 was a better treatment under <2, 5 and 10 dSm-1 salinity. In conclusion, T4 and T7 can be used and recommended for better alleviation of salinity stress in maize. More experiments are suggested at the field level by using these 2 application rates of farmyard manure and compost for declaration of modified amendment for salinity stress mitigation.","PeriodicalId":303968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural Sciences","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133085227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To examine the growth and radiation use efficiency (RUE) of different sugarcane cultivars (HSF 240, CP 77-400 & CPF 249) under two planting methods (2.5 feet apart single row, a farmers’ practice, and 4 feet apart dual rows deep trench plantings, a recommended practice) at Research Farm of Sugarcane Research Institute (SRI), Ayub Agricultural Research Institute (AARI), Faisalabad during 2019-20. The experiment was carried out in randomized complete block design with split-plot arrangement in three repeats. The results showed maximum dry matter (3348.24 g m-2), CGR (21.49 g m-2 day-1), mean CGR (12.78 g m-2 day-1), LAI (7.81), leaf area duration (1290.32 days), along with radiation use efficiency for total dry matter (2.16 g MJ-1) and cane yield (6.32 g MJ-1) in 4 feet apart dual rows trench planting in comparison to 2.5 feet apart single row trench planting, 2.08 g MJ-1 and 5.70 g MJ-1, respectively. On the other hand, higher dry matter (3451.42 g m-2), CGR (21.54 g m-2 day-1), mean CGR (13.16 g m-2 day-1), LAI (8.01), LAD (1324.58 days), RUE for dry matter production (2.20 g MJ-1) and cane yield (6.53 g MJ-1) was recorded in variety CP 77-400, a direct introduction to SRI, as compared with local material, HSF 240 and CPF 249 and occupying large area in whole Punjab-Pakistan.
2019- 2020年，在费萨拉巴德Ayub农业研究所(AARI)甘蔗研究所(SRI)的研究农场，研究不同甘蔗品种(HSF 240, CP 77-400和CPF 249)在两种种植方法(农民实践2.5英尺单行种植和推荐实践4英尺双行深沟种植)下的生长和辐射利用效率(RUE)。试验采用完全随机区组设计，分为3个重复。结果表明:与单行沟播相比，4英尺沟播的干物质最大(3348.24 g m-2)， CGR (21.49 g m-2 day-1)，平均CGR (12.78 g m-2 day-1)， LAI(7.81)，叶面积持续时间(1290.32 d)，总干物质辐射利用效率(2.16 g MJ-1)和甘蔗产量(6.32 g MJ-1)分别为2.08 g MJ-1和5.70 g MJ-1。另一方面，直接引种SRI的品种CP 77-400的干物质产量(3451.42 g m-2)、CGR (21.54 g m-2 day-1)、平均CGR (13.16 g m-2 day-1)、LAI(8.01)、LAD (1324.58 d)、RUE (2.20 g MJ-1)和甘蔗产量(6.53 g MJ-1)均高于当地材料HSF 240和CPF 249，且在整个旁遮普-巴基斯坦占据较大面积。
{"title":"Evaluating the effect of sugarcane planting methods on growth and radiation use efficiency of its different varieties","authors":"T. Ahmad, N. Fiaz, T. Khaliq, ,. M. A. Mudassir","doi":"10.22194/jgias/10.999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22194/jgias/10.999","url":null,"abstract":"To examine the growth and radiation use efficiency (RUE) of different sugarcane cultivars (HSF 240, CP 77-400 & CPF 249) under two planting methods (2.5 feet apart single row, a farmers’ practice, and 4 feet apart dual rows deep trench plantings, a recommended practice) at Research Farm of Sugarcane Research Institute (SRI), Ayub Agricultural Research Institute (AARI), Faisalabad during 2019-20. The experiment was carried out in randomized complete block design with split-plot arrangement in three repeats. The results showed maximum dry matter (3348.24 g m-2), CGR (21.49 g m-2 day-1), mean CGR (12.78 g m-2 day-1), LAI (7.81), leaf area duration (1290.32 days), along with radiation use efficiency for total dry matter (2.16 g MJ-1) and cane yield (6.32 g MJ-1) in 4 feet apart dual rows trench planting in comparison to 2.5 feet apart single row trench planting, 2.08 g MJ-1 and 5.70 g MJ-1, respectively. On the other hand, higher dry matter (3451.42 g m-2), CGR (21.54 g m-2 day-1), mean CGR (13.16 g m-2 day-1), LAI (8.01), LAD (1324.58 days), RUE for dry matter production (2.20 g MJ-1) and cane yield (6.53 g MJ-1) was recorded in variety CP 77-400, a direct introduction to SRI, as compared with local material, HSF 240 and CPF 249 and occupying large area in whole Punjab-Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":303968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116840891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Saljoqi, M. Munir, Amir Zaman Shah, M. Salim, Javed V. Khan
S. litura was reared on artificial meals in a controlled laboratory setting at 26.1°C, 16:8 h L:D, and 65.5% RH at the National Agricultural Research Center (NARC) in Islamabad, Pakistan, to evaluate its premature, mature adult stage characteristics and predation by C. cornea. On the artificial diet, the results for various parameters, including total larval duration (19.1 days, 45 percent), pre-pupal period (3.4 days, 92 percent), pupal period (7.05 days, 83 percent), and total immature duration from eggs to adult stage (33.4 days, 33 percent), as well as percent survival rate, were recorded. On a corn-based artificial diet, data on the pre-oviposition period (2.4 days), oviposition period (5.4 days), post-oviposition period (1.63 days), female fecundity (1366 eggs), and adult longevity (8.66 days) of mature stages of S. litura were collected. When supplied as prey, the predator's biological parameters and predatory capacity, C. carnea, were tested on two stages of S. litura (eggs and 1st instar larvae). The studies indicated that the prey significantly affected the total larval duration, immature duration, and % survival rate. The entire larval period was greatly minimized when C. carnea was offered eggs of S. litura for feeding. Additionally, higher % survival and fecundity were observed feeding with S. litura eggs, followed by 1st instar larvae. C. carnea consumed 443 S. litura eggs and 395 S. litura larvae during its larval development. Daily consumption of C. carnea larvae reached a maximum of 73 eggs and 53 1st instar larvae of S. litura. Comparatively, C. carnea larvae recorded maximum egg predation compared to 1st instar larvae of S. litura and the shorter developmental period when eggs were offered as prey. Moreover, 3rd instar larvae of C. carnea were found more voracious than early instars.
在巴基斯坦伊斯兰堡国家农业研究中心(NARC)，在26.1°C, 16:8 h L:D, 65.5% RH条件下，人工饲料饲养斜纹夜蛾，研究斜纹夜蛾的早熟、成熟期特征及对斜纹夜蛾的捕食情况。在人工饲料上，记录了幼虫总龄期(19.1天，45%)、蛹前期(3.4天，92%)、蛹期(7.05天，83%)、卵至成虫总未成熟期(33.4天，33%)和成虫成活率。在以玉米为基础的人工饲料条件下，收集了斜纹夜蛾产卵前(2.4 d)、产卵期(5.4 d)、产卵后(1.63 d)、雌虫产卵量(1366个卵)和成虫寿命(8.66 d)的数据。在作为猎物供给时，对斜纹夜蛾卵和1龄幼虫两个阶段进行了捕食者生物学参数和捕食能力的测定。研究表明，猎物对幼虫总期、未成熟期和成活率有显著影响。以斜纹夜蛾卵为食，大大缩短了整个幼虫期。另外，以斜纹夜蛾卵为食，1龄幼虫次之，成活率和繁殖力均较高。在幼虫发育过程中，胭脂虫消耗斜纹夜蛾虫卵443粒，消耗斜纹夜蛾幼虫395粒。日食用量最高可达73个卵和53个斜纹夜蛾1龄幼虫。相较于斜纹夜蛾1龄幼虫，绿纹夜蛾幼虫对卵的捕食量最大，且以卵为猎物的发育周期较短。此外，3龄幼虫比早期幼虫更贪婪。
{"title":"Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) rearing on artificial feed with Chrysoperla carnea predation (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)","authors":"A. Saljoqi, M. Munir, Amir Zaman Shah, M. Salim, Javed V. Khan","doi":"10.22194/jgias/10.989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22194/jgias/10.989","url":null,"abstract":"S. litura was reared on artificial meals in a controlled laboratory setting at 26.1°C, 16:8 h L:D, and 65.5% RH at the National Agricultural Research Center (NARC) in Islamabad, Pakistan, to evaluate its premature, mature adult stage characteristics and predation by C. cornea. On the artificial diet, the results for various parameters, including total larval duration (19.1 days, 45 percent), pre-pupal period (3.4 days, 92 percent), pupal period (7.05 days, 83 percent), and total immature duration from eggs to adult stage (33.4 days, 33 percent), as well as percent survival rate, were recorded. On a corn-based artificial diet, data on the pre-oviposition period (2.4 days), oviposition period (5.4 days), post-oviposition period (1.63 days), female fecundity (1366 eggs), and adult longevity (8.66 days) of mature stages of S. litura were collected. When supplied as prey, the predator's biological parameters and predatory capacity, C. carnea, were tested on two stages of S. litura (eggs and 1st instar larvae). The studies indicated that the prey significantly affected the total larval duration, immature duration, and % survival rate. The entire larval period was greatly minimized when C. carnea was offered eggs of S. litura for feeding. Additionally, higher % survival and fecundity were observed feeding with S. litura eggs, followed by 1st instar larvae. C. carnea consumed 443 S. litura eggs and 395 S. litura larvae during its larval development. Daily consumption of C. carnea larvae reached a maximum of 73 eggs and 53 1st instar larvae of S. litura. Comparatively, C. carnea larvae recorded maximum egg predation compared to 1st instar larvae of S. litura and the shorter developmental period when eggs were offered as prey. Moreover, 3rd instar larvae of C. carnea were found more voracious than early instars.","PeriodicalId":303968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural Sciences","volume":"26 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120999964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tanveer Ahmad, N. Fiaz, Ashfaq Ahmad, M. Shafique, H. A. Raza
Planting geometry could be an important factor in harvesting sugarcane's maximum production in Pakistan's irrigated agriculture. Therefore, the present experiment was designed to investigate the potential effects of two planting geometry (i.e., 75 cm apart single row trench, farmers' practice, and 120 cm apart dual rows trench plantings, recommended practices by Agricultural Research Wing) on three high yielding cultivars of sugarcane (e.g., HSF 240, CP 77-400 and CPF 249) at farm area of Sugarcane Research Institute (SRI), Ayub Agricultural Research Institute (AARI), Faisalabad during 2019-20. The treatments were randomized in Complete Block Design (CBD) under split-plot arrangements using three replications. The results showed that planting geometry of 120 cm apart dual rows trench planting produced significantly higher tillers (15.32 m-2), millable canes (103085 ha-1), total fresh biomass (123.41 t ha-1), average cane weight (0.95 kg) cane yield (97.94 t ha-1), and harvest index (79.29 %). Among the cultivars, the highest tillers (16.16 m-2) were recorded by HSF 240, but maximum millable canes (104195 ha-1), total fresh biomass (128.70 t ha-1), average cane weight (0.98 kg) and cane yield (101.95 t ha-1) were observed in CP 77-400. Furthermore, a higher sugar recovery (12.66%) was obtained from CPF 249 compared to HSF 240 and CP 77-400. Planting geometry had no impact on the sugar recovery of the cultivars
在巴基斯坦的灌溉农业中，种植几何可能是收获甘蔗产量最大化的一个重要因素。因此，本试验旨在研究2019- 2020年期间，在费萨拉巴德Ayub农业研究所(AARI)甘蔗研究所(SRI)农田，两种种植几何(即农民实践的75 cm单行沟种植和农业研究部推荐的120 cm双行沟种植)对3个高产甘蔗品种(如HSF 240、CP 77-400和CPF 249)的潜在影响。在完全区组设计(CBD)下，采用3个重复，随机化处理。结果表明，间距120 cm双行沟栽的分蘖数(15.32 m-2)、可分蔗数(103085 ha-1)、总鲜生物量(123.41 t ha-1)、平均蔗重(0.95 kg)、甘蔗产量(97.94 t ha-1)和收获指数(79.29%)显著高于双行沟栽。其中，hsf240分蘖数最高(16.16 m-2)， cp77 -400分蘖数最高(104195 ha-1)，总鲜生物量最高(128.70 t ha-1)，平均蔗重最高(0.98 kg)，甘蔗产量最高(101.95 t ha-1)。与HSF 240和CP 77-400相比，CPF 249的糖回收率为12.66%。种植形态对品种的糖恢复无影响
{"title":"Qualitative and quantitative response of sugarcane cultivars under different planting geometry","authors":"Tanveer Ahmad, N. Fiaz, Ashfaq Ahmad, M. Shafique, H. A. Raza","doi":"10.22194/jgias/10.984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22194/jgias/10.984","url":null,"abstract":"Planting geometry could be an important factor in harvesting sugarcane's maximum production in Pakistan's irrigated agriculture. Therefore, the present experiment was designed to investigate the potential effects of two planting geometry (i.e., 75 cm apart single row trench, farmers' practice, and 120 cm apart dual rows trench plantings, recommended practices by Agricultural Research Wing) on three high yielding cultivars of sugarcane (e.g., HSF 240, CP 77-400 and CPF 249) at farm area of Sugarcane Research Institute (SRI), Ayub Agricultural Research Institute (AARI), Faisalabad during 2019-20. The treatments were randomized in Complete Block Design (CBD) under split-plot arrangements using three replications. The results showed that planting geometry of 120 cm apart dual rows trench planting produced significantly higher tillers (15.32 m-2), millable canes (103085 ha-1), total fresh biomass (123.41 t ha-1), average cane weight (0.95 kg) cane yield (97.94 t ha-1), and harvest index (79.29 %). Among the cultivars, the highest tillers (16.16 m-2) were recorded by HSF 240, but maximum millable canes (104195 ha-1), total fresh biomass (128.70 t ha-1), average cane weight (0.98 kg) and cane yield (101.95 t ha-1) were observed in CP 77-400. Furthermore, a higher sugar recovery (12.66%) was obtained from CPF 249 compared to HSF 240 and CP 77-400. Planting geometry had no impact on the sugar recovery of the cultivars","PeriodicalId":303968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural Sciences","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128919386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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