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Grundlagen der Prozessoptimierung 优化过程的基础
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-658-07212-4_3
H. Arndt
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引用次数: 0
The effect of supply chain disruptions on shareholder wealth in small and mid-cap companies 供应链中断对中小市值公司股东财富的影响
Pub Date : 2020-12-28 DOI: 10.1108/scm-05-2020-0200
Aswin Alora, M. Barua
Supply chain disruptions can have severe negative consequences on companies. However, studies measuring the financial impacts of supply chain disruptions are largely confined to developed nations and large companies. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the impact of supply chain disruption on small companies in the context of an emerging nation. Further, an attempt has been made to classify supply chain disruptions and measure its impact by its type.,In this research, the event study on 335 supply chain disruption events for a 10 year period starting from 2009 to 2019 has been used.,The results state that the Indian small and medium companies lost −4.49% of shareholder wealth in disruption. The findings also indicate that the financial and environmental disruptions can have severe effect on shareholder wealth as compared to other category.,The study is confined to a developing country. Considering multiple countries can provide comparative results and therefore a global consensus could be achieved.,The outcomes of the results help managers to plan and prioritize supply chain disruptions, regulatory authorities can plug any possible insider trading practices for small companies in the event of supply chain disruptions. Investors can plan and take prudent investing decisions based on the nature of the disruptions.,To the best of the knowledge, this is the first study measuring the supply chain disruption effects on smaller companies in an emerging nation. The study is also novel in incorporating financial disruptions and measuring source wise impact on shareholder wealth.
供应链中断会对企业造成严重的负面影响。然而,衡量供应链中断对财务影响的研究主要局限于发达国家和大公司。因此,本研究旨在分析在新兴国家背景下供应链中断对小企业的影响。此外,还尝试对供应链中断进行分类,并按其类型衡量其影响。在本研究中,使用了对2009年至2019年10年间335起供应链中断事件的事件研究。结果表明,印度中小企业在混乱中损失了- 4.49%的股东财富。研究结果还表明,与其他类别相比,金融和环境破坏可能对股东财富产生严重影响。这项研究仅限于一个发展中国家。考虑到多个国家可以提供比较结果,因此可以达成全球共识。结果的结果有助于管理者计划和优先考虑供应链中断,监管部门可以在供应链中断的情况下堵漏任何可能的内幕交易行为。投资者可以根据中断的性质来计划和采取谨慎的投资决策。据我所知,这是第一个衡量供应链中断对新兴国家中小企业影响的研究。该研究在纳入金融动荡和衡量来源对股东财富的影响方面也很新颖。
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引用次数: 3
Alignment capabilities of big data’s value creation in the context of service delivery processes 服务交付过程中大数据价值创造的一致性能力
Pub Date : 2020-12-14 DOI: 10.1108/scm-05-2019-0196
Morten Brinch, Jan Stentoft, Dag Näslund
Purpose: While big data creates business value, knowledge on how value is created remains limited and research is needed to discover big data’s value mechanism. The purpose of this paper is to explore value creation capabilities of big data through an alignment perspective. Design/methodology/approach: The paper is based on a single case study of a service division of a large Danish wind turbine generator manufacturer based on 18 semi-structured interviews. Findings: A strategic alignment framework comprising human, information technology, organization, performance, process and strategic practices are used as a basis to identify 15 types of alignment capabilities and their inter-dependent variables fostering the value creation of big data. The alignment framework is accompanied by seven propositions to obtain alignment of big data in service processes. Research limitations/implications: The study demonstrates empirical anchoring of how alignment capabilities affect a company’s ability to create value from big data as identified in a service supply chain. Practical implications: Service supply chains and big data are complex matters. Therefore, understanding how alignment affects a company’s ability to create value of big data may help the company to overcome challenges of big data. Originality/value: The study demonstrates how value from big data can be created following an alignment logic. By this, both critical and complementary alignment capabilities have been identified. (Less)
目的:虽然大数据创造了商业价值,但关于如何创造价值的知识仍然有限,需要研究发现大数据的价值机制。本文的目的是通过对齐的视角来探讨大数据的价值创造能力。设计/方法/方法:本文基于对丹麦一家大型风力发电机制造商服务部门的单一案例研究,基于18次半结构化访谈。研究发现:一个由人力、信息技术、组织、绩效、流程和战略实践组成的战略协调框架被用作识别15种协调能力及其相互依存变量的基础,这些能力促进了大数据的价值创造。该对齐框架伴随着七个命题,以获得服务流程中的大数据对齐。研究局限性/启示:该研究展示了在服务供应链中,一致性能力如何影响公司从大数据中创造价值的能力的实证锚定。实际影响:服务供应链和大数据是复杂的问题。因此,了解一致性如何影响公司创造大数据价值的能力,可能有助于公司克服大数据的挑战。原创性/价值:该研究展示了如何根据对齐逻辑从大数据中创造价值。通过这种方式,已经确定了关键的和互补的对齐能力。(少)
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引用次数: 7
Total eclipse on business performance and mass personalization: how supply chain flexibility eclipses lean production direct effect 全面日食对企业绩效和大规模个性化的影响:供应链灵活性如何直接影响精益生产
Pub Date : 2020-12-11 DOI: 10.1108/scm-02-2020-0083
J. M. Maqueira, Luciano Novais, S. Bruque
PurposeThis paper aims to analyze the mediating role of Supply Chain Flexibility on the interrelationships binding Lean Production implementation, Mass Personalization and business performance.Design/methodology/approachA random sample of 260 companies obtained from a population of 1,717 Spanish companies that occupy an intermediate position in the supply chain has been used to test the proposed hypothetical framework. Telephone surveys using a computerized system have been used to collect data, obtaining a response rate of 15.6 and a structural equation model has been designed to test the six proposed hypotheses.FindingsCompanies initially implement Lean Production to optimize Mass Personalization processes and improve business performance. However, in the presence of Supply Chain Flexibility, Lean Production implementation no longer has a direct impact on Mass Personalization and business performance, but it does have an indirect impact through the flexibility it achieves (shown as a total mediating path). Therefore, companies should implement Lean Production to achieve flexibility and thus optimize the Mass Personalization processes and obtain better performance.Originality/valueAcademics and business managers may have supporting evidence on the role played by the total mediating effect of Supply Chain Flexibility on the relationship between Lean Production, Mass Personalization and business performance. A better knowledge of these management resources and their relationship could affect the way researchers and practitioners approach them, becoming more aware of the important role of the supply chain in competitiveness.
目的本文旨在分析供应链柔性在精益生产实施、大规模个性化与企业绩效之间的中介作用。设计/方法/方法从1717家在供应链中处于中间位置的西班牙公司中随机抽取260家公司样本,用于测试所提出的假设框架。使用计算机化系统的电话调查已用于收集数据,获得15.6%的回复率,并设计了一个结构方程模型来检验提出的六个假设。公司最初实施精益生产是为了优化大规模个性化流程和提高业务绩效。然而,在供应链柔性存在的情况下,精益生产的实施不再对大规模个性化和企业绩效产生直接影响,而是通过其实现的柔性产生间接影响(示为总中介路径)。因此,企业应该实施精益生产,实现灵活性,从而优化大规模个性化流程,获得更好的绩效。原创性/价值学者和企业管理者可能有证据支持供应链灵活性在精益生产、大规模个性化和企业绩效之间的关系中所起的总中介作用。更好地了解这些管理资源及其关系可能会影响研究人员和从业者接近它们的方式,更加意识到供应链在竞争力中的重要作用。
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引用次数: 15
The role of collaborative interorganizational relationships in supply chain risks: a systematic review using a social capital perspective 协作性组织间关系在供应链风险中的作用:使用社会资本视角的系统回顾
Pub Date : 2020-12-07 DOI: 10.1108/scm-04-2020-0177
Anis Daghar, Leila Alinaghian, N. Turner
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to systematically review, synthesize and critically evaluate the current research status on the role of collaborative interorganizational relationships (CIRs) in supply chain risks (SCRs) from a social capital perspective and provide an organizing lens for future scholarship in this area Design/methodology/approachThis study adopts a systematic literature review approach to investigate 126 articles from 27 peer-reviewed journals between 1995 and 2020 FindingsThis paper investigates supply chain CIRs using a social capital perspective to explain the role of structural, relational and cognitive capital that resides in these relationships in various SCRs (i e environmental, supply, manufacturing, demand, information, financial and transportation) The review reveals that the three social capital dimensions uniquely and both positively and negatively affect different SCRs The findings further suggest that the perceived SCRs can influence the structural and relational capital Practical implicationsThis study calls for practitioners to consider the cognitive alignment with their supply network partners, their relational investments, as well as the interorganizational processes and systems in managing and alleviating SCRs Originality/valueThis review offers a theoretical articulation of how various aspects of CIRs affect SCRs Specifically, this study extends the existing understanding of the role of social capital in SCRs through offering a synthesis of dominant findings and discourses, and avenues for future research
本文的目的是系统地回顾,从社会资本的角度,综合并批判性地评价协作性组织间关系(cir)在供应链风险(scr)中的作用的研究现状,并为该领域的未来学术研究提供一个组织视角。设计/方法/方法本研究采用系统的文献综述方法,调查了1995年至2020年间27份同行评审期刊上的126篇文章从资本的角度来解释结构、关系和认知资本的作用,这些资本存在于各种scr(即环境、供应、制造、需求、信息、研究结果进一步表明,感知到的社会资本可以影响结构资本和关系资本。实践意义本研究呼吁从业人员考虑与他们的供应网络合作伙伴、他们的关系投资、原创性/价值本综述从理论上阐述了社会资本对社会责任的各个方面是如何影响社会责任的。具体而言,本研究通过对主流研究成果和话语的综合,扩展了对社会资本在社会责任中的作用的现有理解,并为未来的研究提供了途径
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引用次数: 19
Food cold chain management: what we know and what we deserve 食品冷链管理:我们知道什么,我们应该得到什么
Pub Date : 2020-11-13 DOI: 10.1108/scm-12-2019-0452
Shashi Shashi, Piera Centobelli, R. Cerchione, Myriam Ertz
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a quantitatively supported explanation of the intellectual development, the schools of thought and the sub-areas of the food cold chain (FCC) research to derive meaningful avenues for future research.Design/methodology/approachThis study builds on bibliometric analysis and network analysis to systematically evaluate a sample of 1,189 FCC articles published over the past 25 years. The descriptive statistics and science mapping approaches using co-citation analysis were performed with VOSviewer software.FindingsThe findings reveal a state-of-the-art overview of the top contributing and influential countries, authors, institutions and articles in the area of FCC research. A co-citation analysis, coupled with content analysis of most co-cited articles, uncovered four underlying research streams including: application of RFID technologies; production and operation planning models; postharvest waste, causes of postharvest wastage and perishable inventory ordering polices and models; and critical issues in FCC. Current research streams, clusters and their sub-themes provided meaningful discussions and insights into key areas for future research in FCC.Originality/valueThis study might reshape practitioners’, researchers’ and policy-makers’ views on the multifaceted areas and themes in the FCC research field, to harness FCC’s benefits at both strategic and tactical level. Finally, the research findings offer a roadmap for additional research to yield more practical and modeling insights that are much needed to enrich the field.
本文的目的是对食品冷链(FCC)研究的智力发展、思想流派和子领域提供一个定量支持的解释,为未来的研究提供有意义的途径。设计/方法/方法本研究建立在文献计量学分析和网络分析的基础上,系统地评估了过去25年中发表的1189篇FCC文章的样本。使用VOSviewer软件进行共被引分析的描述性统计和科学制图方法。调查结果调查结果揭示了FCC研究领域最具贡献和影响力的国家、作者、机构和文章的最新概况。共被引分析,加上对大多数共被引文章的内容分析,揭示了四个潜在的研究流,包括:RFID技术的应用;生产经营计划模型;采后浪费、采后浪费原因及易腐库存订货政策与模式;以及FCC的关键问题。当前的研究流、集群及其子主题为FCC未来研究的关键领域提供了有意义的讨论和见解。原创性/价值本研究可能重塑从业者、研究者和政策制定者对FCC研究领域多面性领域和主题的看法,从而在战略和战术层面上利用FCC的利益。最后,研究结果为进一步的研究提供了路线图,以产生更多的实际和建模见解,这是丰富该领域所急需的。
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引用次数: 22
Developing a perceptual distance monitor for client-contractor collaborations 为客户-承包商合作开发感知距离监视器
Pub Date : 2020-11-09 DOI: 10.1108/scm-12-2019-0432
H. V. D. Krift, A. Weele, J. Gevers
PurposeThis study aims to propose a tool for conceptualizing and operationalizing perceptual distance in client-contractor collaborations: the perceptual distance monitor (PDM). This paper explains how this monitor was developed and used to examine the impact of perceptual distance on project outcomes.Design/methodology/approachThis paper developed the PDM by gathering quantitative survey data from client and contractor representatives. Structural equation modeling tested the predictive validity of perceptual distance on project outcomes.FindingsThe PDM enables a valid and reliable assessment of the perceptual distance between client and contractor in projects. Moreover, the PDM shows that project outcomes suffer if parties have different perceptions of project objectives, project managers’ competences and the level of trust in the collaboration. These findings confirm the predictive validity of the PDM.Research limitations/implicationsThe study builds on survey data representing dyadic perceptions from 38 measurements in collaborative projects. This paper may not have identified all the effects of perceptual distance on project outcomes, as the analyses were conducted at the project level. This research underlines the importance of gathering dyadic data for studies in interorganizational settings.Practical implicationsPerceptual distance can be expected between clients and contractors, and higher perceptual distance is generally associated with lower project outcomes. Using the PDM, project managers can concretize, discuss and monitor this perceptual distance over time. The PDM provides project managers with a useful tool to prevent the escalation of conflicts and project failure.Originality/valueBased on agency theory and social identity theory, this study provides a unique and validated conceptualization and operationalization of perceptual distance between client and contractor in interorganizational collaborations and supply chains.
目的本研究旨在提出一种工具来概念化和操作客户-承包商合作中的感知距离:感知距离监视器(PDM)。本文解释了这个监视器是如何开发的,并用于检查感知距离对项目结果的影响。设计/方法/方法本文通过收集客户和承包商代表的定量调查数据来开发PDM。结构方程模型检验了感知距离对项目结果的预测有效性。发现PDM能够有效可靠地评估项目中客户和承包商之间的感知距离。此外,PDM表明,如果各方对项目目标、项目经理的能力和对合作的信任程度有不同的看法,项目结果就会受到影响。这些发现证实了PDM的预测有效性。研究的局限性/意义本研究建立在代表合作项目中38个测量值的二元感知的调查数据之上。本文可能没有确定感知距离对项目结果的所有影响,因为分析是在项目层面进行的。这项研究强调了在组织间环境中收集二元数据的重要性。实际意义客户和承包商之间的感知距离是可以预期的,而较高的感知距离通常与较低的项目成果相关。使用PDM,项目经理可以具体化、讨论和监控这种感知距离。PDM为项目经理提供了一个有用的工具,以防止冲突的升级和项目失败。原创性/价值基于代理理论和社会认同理论,本研究为组织间合作和供应链中客户与承包商之间的感知距离提供了一个独特而有效的概念化和可操作性。
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引用次数: 3
Developing a continuous improvement perspective for subcontractor involvement in the industrialised housebuilding supply chain 为参与工业化住宅建筑供应链的分包商开发持续改进的视角
Pub Date : 2020-11-04 DOI: 10.1108/scm-12-2019-0435
Wolfgang Grenzfurtner, M. Gronalt
PurposeThis paper aims to identify those factors, which will improve the collaboration between industrialised housebuilding (IHB) companies and their subcontractors within continuous improvement (CI) programmes. These factors will enhance the supply chain (SC) efficiency and productivity, eliminating obstacles when designing, implementing and managing CI programmes within IHB SC.Design/methodology/approachAn explorative case study with a mixed-method approach was conducted within an IHB SC. To collect data, participant observation and guided interviews were applied. A stakeholder analysis was conducted to structure their guiding principles. A causal loop diagram (CLD) analysis was used to model the effects on and relationships within a SC and their impact on the involvement of subcontractors.FindingsThe influences on the stakeholders and the guidelines under which they work are defined. Potential conflicts of interest between stakeholders are identified. A CLD is used to model a better understanding of system behaviour impacting on the relationships within the SC and on subcontractor involvement. The results provide a number of factors that need to be considered when designing, implementing and managing a CI programme.Research limitations/implicationsThe research suggests better ways to use subcontractors’ specific knowledge of on-site processes such that productivity and efficiency are enhanced. Improvements within the construction supply chain (CSC) will, in the future, not be limited to small improvement gains at company level.Originality/valueThis paper extends the body of knowledge in CSC management by revealing factors important for designing, implementing and managing CI programmes, which enables the successful involvement of subcontractors in CI on SC level.
本文旨在确定这些因素,这些因素将改善工业化住宅建筑(IHB)公司及其分包商在持续改进(CI)计划中的合作。这些因素将提高供应链(SC)的效率和生产力,消除在IHB SC内设计、实施和管理CI计划时的障碍。设计/方法/方法在IHB SC内进行了一项采用混合方法的探索性案例研究。为了收集数据,采用了参与者观察和指导性访谈。进行了利益相关者分析,以构建他们的指导原则。因果循环图(CLD)分析用于模拟对供应链的影响和内部关系,以及它们对分包商参与的影响。发现对利益相关者的影响和他们工作的指导方针是明确的。确定利益相关者之间的潜在利益冲突。CLD用于更好地理解影响SC内部关系和分包商参与的系统行为。研究结果提供了在设计、实施和管理CI项目时需要考虑的一些因素。研究局限/启示研究建议更好地利用分包商对现场流程的具体知识,从而提高生产率和效率。在未来,建筑供应链(CSC)的改进将不仅仅局限于公司层面的小改进收益。原创性/价值本文通过揭示设计、实施和管理CI项目的重要因素,扩展了CSC管理的知识体系,这使得分包商能够成功地参与到SC层面的CI中。
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引用次数: 4
The role of network structural properties in supply chain sustainability: a systematic literature review and agenda for future research 网络结构特性在供应链可持续性中的作用:系统文献综述和未来研究议程
Pub Date : 2020-10-26 DOI: 10.1108/scm-11-2019-0407
Leila Alinaghian, Jilin Qiu, Kamran Razmdoost
Purpose – The purpose of our paper is to systematically review and assess the current status of research on supply chain sustainability from a network structural perspective and provide an organising framework for future scholarship in this area. Design/methodology/approach – Adopting an evidence-based approach, this study conducts a systematic review of 73 articles from 18 peer-reviewed journals published between 2000 and 2020. Findings – Adopting a social network analysis approach, our review identifies specific nodelevel (i.e. degree centrality, closeness centrality, betweenness centrality) and network-level (i.e. network density, network sub-groups, network diversity) structural properties that play a role in supply chain sustainability. Our results reveal that structural properties determine the extent of perception of sustainability risks, the diffusion of sustainability targets, introduction of sustainable innovations, development of sustainability capabilities, adoption of sustainability initiatives, as well as the monitoring of sustainability performance throughout the supply chain. Originality/value – Distinguishing between supply network and sustainable supply network types, our study extends the existing understandings of the role of network connectivity patterns in supply chain sustainability through synthesising and evaluating the extant literature. Our study further clarifies the role of these network structural properties in supply chain sustainability by describing their impact on a set of sustainable supply chain management practices through which firms achieve sustainability goals across their supply chains.
目的-我们论文的目的是从网络结构的角度系统地回顾和评估供应链可持续性研究的现状,并为该领域的未来奖学金提供组织框架。设计/方法/方法-采用循证方法,本研究对2000年至2020年间发表的18份同行评议期刊的73篇文章进行了系统综述。研究结果-采用社会网络分析方法,我们的综述确定了在供应链可持续性中发挥作用的特定节点水平(即度中心性、亲密中心性、中间中心性)和网络水平(即网络密度、网络子群体、网络多样性)结构特性。研究结果表明,结构特性决定了企业对可持续发展风险的认知程度、可持续发展目标的扩散、可持续创新的引入、可持续能力的发展、可持续发展举措的采用,以及整个供应链对可持续发展绩效的监控。原创性/价值-区分供应网络和可持续供应网络类型,我们的研究通过综合和评估现有文献,扩展了对网络连接模式在供应链可持续性中的作用的现有理解。我们的研究进一步阐明了这些网络结构属性在供应链可持续性中的作用,描述了它们对一系列可持续供应链管理实践的影响,通过这些实践,企业可以在整个供应链中实现可持续发展目标。
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引用次数: 20
Sustaining extended enterprises as a matter of institutional logics: insights from the railway sector 从制度逻辑的角度来维持扩展的企业:来自铁路部门的见解
Pub Date : 2020-10-15 DOI: 10.1108/scm-12-2019-0457
M. Bobbink, A. Hartmann, G. Dewulf
PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the effect of institutional logics on the intended resource coordination and integration in extended enterprises (EEs).Design/methodology/approachThe qualitative multiple case study approach collected data from three EEs and their hierarchical organizational context in the restructured and privatized railway sector of the Netherlands by observing 40 meetings, conducting 31 semi-structured interviews and 9 feedback meetings and perusing organizational documents.FindingsPerformance and professional logics characterized the EEs and their hierarchical organizational context. Aligning these logics failed to support the resource coordination and integration in the EEs because of the logics’ resource-centric nature. The co-creation logic in one of the EEs mitigated this resource centrism by addressing the resource personifications and representations of the professional and performance logics. Business unit representatives having hierarchically overlapping organizational positions supported this change process by offering protection from resource-centric logics.Research limitations/implicationsThe chosen research design limits the generalization of the findings but reveals new scientific and practical insights on the role of institutional logics for sustaining EEs.Practical implicationsThe various EE business-units, but especially their contract and concession authorities, need to realize the crippling effect of resource-centric logics on sustaining an EE. Becoming aware of the resource personifications and representations of these logics can assist in addressing their negative effects.Originality/valueNo previous studies have empirically investigated the effect of institutional logics on the intended resource coordination and integration in EEs.
目的研究制度逻辑对扩展型企业预期资源协调与整合的影响。设计/方法/方法定性多案例研究方法通过观察40次会议,进行31次半结构化访谈和9次反馈会议,并仔细阅读组织文件,从荷兰重组和私有化铁路部门的三个ee及其分层组织背景中收集数据。绩效和专业逻辑是企业环境及其层级组织环境的特征。由于逻辑以资源为中心的特性,对这些逻辑进行对齐无法支持环境中的资源协调和集成。其中一个ee中的共同创建逻辑通过处理资源人格化以及专业和性能逻辑的表示,减轻了这种资源中心主义。具有层次化重叠组织位置的业务单位代表通过提供对资源中心逻辑的保护来支持此更改过程。研究限制/影响所选择的研究设计限制了研究结果的概括,但揭示了关于制度逻辑在维持EEs中的作用的新的科学和实践见解。实际意义:各种电子电气业务单位,尤其是它们的合同和特许机构,需要认识到以资源为中心的逻辑对维持电子电气的严重影响。了解这些逻辑的资源人格化和表示可以帮助解决它们的负面影响。原创性/价值以往的研究从实证角度考察了制度逻辑对环境企业预期资源协调与整合的影响。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Supply Chain Management Journal
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