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Relationship of Personality Traits and Hope With Job Satisfaction in the Life of Polish Artists and Pedagogues 波兰艺术家和教育学家生活中人格特征和希望与工作满意度的关系
Pub Date : 2023-01-25 DOI: 10.18290/pepsi-2022-0009
S. Głaz
The purpose of this paper was to show the relationship between personality traits and hope, as well as the job satisfaction in the lives of artists and pedagogues (teachers). The research was conducted among artists and pedagogues living and working in Poland. Research tools such as: Job Satisfaction (SSP) by Zalewska, Personality Inventory (NEO-FFI) by Costa and McCrae, and the Hope Scale (HS) by Snyder were used. The obtained results show that extraversion correlates significantly and positively with job satisfaction, while neuroticism – negatively – in the group of pedagogues. Agency correlates significantly and positively with job satisfaction in the group artists and pedagogues. Result of multiple regression analysis reveals that agency and pathways have a statistically significant and positive relationship with job satisfaction in the group of artists and pedagogues. Extraversion and neuroticism have a statistically significant relationship with job satisfaction in the group of pedagogues. Extraversion has a positive relationship with job satisfaction and neuroticism negative. In addition, extraversion and neuroticism have a significant impact on job satisfaction in the group of pedagogues, where the function of the mediator is fulfilled by hope.
本研究旨在探讨艺术家与教师的人格特质与希望、工作满意度之间的关系。这项研究是在生活和工作在波兰的艺术家和教师中进行的。研究工具包括:Zalewska的工作满意度(SSP)、Costa和mcrae的人格量表(NEO-FFI)和Snyder的希望量表(HS)。结果表明,教师组的外向性与工作满意度呈显著正相关,而神经质与工作满意度呈负相关。团体艺人和教师的工作满意度与代理有显著正相关。多元回归分析结果显示,能动性和路径对艺术家和教师群体的工作满意度有显著的正相关。教师群体的外向性和神经质对工作满意度有显著的影响。外向性与工作满意度呈正相关,神经质与工作满意度负相关。此外,外向性和神经质对教师群体的工作满意度有显著影响,其中中介作用是通过希望来实现的。
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引用次数: 0
The Role of Crafts in the Development of Women’s Entrepreneurship in Rural Areas 手工艺在农村妇女创业发展中的作用
Pub Date : 2023-01-25 DOI: 10.18290/pepsi-2022-0008
Krzysztof Bondyra, M. Dziekanowska, Tomasz Herudziński
The aim of the article is to indicate the need for a diagnosis of socio-cultural conditions of running a craft business by women. Local handicraft, culinary traditions, etc. are also an important resource for the development of women’s entrepreneurship with a craft profile. The problems of the article include the ‘common set’ of two research areas: crafts and women’s entrepreneurship in rural areas. The focus of the paper will be on the issue of the functioning of crafts in rural areas based on an empirical analysis of the scale of functioning of craft enterprises run by women. Concurrently, the subject outlined in this way is related to other issues, such as counteracting depopulation of rural areas based on the activation of local entrepreneurship. The potential of women’s entrepreneurship development in rural areas should also be indicated, among others, by tightening cooperation between Country Housewives’ Associations (koła gospodyń wiejskich, KGWs) and crafts organisations. The social effects of cooperation between crafts and KGWs will result in stimulation of entrepreneurship (especially female entrepreneurship) in rural areas, which will then contribute to rural development. These effects support the creation of new forms of small and medium entrepreneurship corresponding to social economy, which are defined as an element of creative economy. This will trigger the process of creating new jobs and may constitute an important mode of support for vocational education, increasing the chance for the local youth to smoothly enter the labour market. Likewise, the generation of local human and social capital resources cannot be overestimated. By mobilising and integrating key actors in the area, it will contribute to better management of local resources.
这篇文章的目的是表明有必要对妇女经营手工艺品企业的社会文化条件进行诊断。当地手工艺品、烹饪传统等也是发展具有工艺特色的妇女创业的重要资源。这篇文章的问题包括两个研究领域的“共同点”:手工艺和农村妇女创业。本文的重点将是在对妇女经营的手工艺品企业运作规模进行实证分析的基础上,探讨农村地区手工艺品的运作问题。同时,以这种方式概述的主题与其他问题有关,例如在激活当地企业家精神的基础上应对农村地区的人口减少。除其他外,还应通过加强乡村家庭主妇协会(ko322a gospodyńwiejskich,KGW)与手工艺组织之间的合作来表明农村地区妇女创业发展的潜力。手工艺和KGW之间合作的社会效应将刺激农村地区的创业(尤其是女性创业),从而促进农村发展。这些效应支持创造与社会经济相对应的新形式的中小企业,社会经济被定义为创意经济的一个要素。这将启动创造新就业机会的进程,并可能成为支持职业教育的一种重要模式,增加当地青年顺利进入劳动力市场的机会。同样,不能高估当地人力和社会资本资源的产生。通过动员和整合该地区的关键参与者,它将有助于更好地管理当地资源。
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引用次数: 0
Acculturation Strategies of Ukrainian Students Studying in Poland and Their Well-Being 乌克兰留学生在波兰的文化适应策略及其幸福感
Pub Date : 2023-01-25 DOI: 10.18290/pepsi-2022-0007
Bohdan Rożnowski
For immigrants, the quality of their lives during migration is not the most important criterion for assessing their situation. It is important from the point of view of migration policy. The level of quality of life seems to depend on the use of options offered by the receiving country. The use of these options is probably a derivative of the migrant’s decision – an acculturation strategy. To examine this relationship among Ukrainian students studying in Poland, a study was conducted involving 132 respondents (K = 61%). For this, standardized questionnaires were used: the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF and the Acculturation Strategy Questionnaire. The results obtained by regression analysis indicate that there was an association between all acculturation strategies and the general index of sense of quality of life. Only the strategy of integration correlates positively with quality of life assessment, all other strategies show a negative relationship.
对于移民来说,他们在移民期间的生活质量并不是评估他们处境的最重要标准。从移民政策的角度来看,这很重要。生活质量的水平似乎取决于接受国所提供的选择的使用情况。这些选择的使用可能是移民决策的衍生品——一种文化适应策略。为了检验在波兰学习的乌克兰学生之间的这种关系,进行了一项涉及132名受访者(K = 61%)的研究。为此,使用了标准化问卷:世界卫生组织生活质量问卷和文化适应战略问卷。回归分析结果表明,各文化适应策略与生活质量感总体指标之间存在显著的相关性。只有整合策略与生活质量评估呈正相关,其他策略均呈负相关。
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引用次数: 0
Perspectives of Shifting From Oil-Based Economy to Knowledge-Based Economy in Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯从石油经济向知识经济转变的前景
Pub Date : 2023-01-25 DOI: 10.18290/pepsi-2022-0006
Anna Llanos-Antczak
This paper examines the role of Saudi Arabia’s economic sectors in creating or rather transforming into a knowledge-based economy. It determines major enablers that could support the process. Judgments and opinions are used to make some general recommendations for the shift from an oil-based economy into a knowledge-based economy in the long term. As a main finding, it identifies four areas contributing most to that transformation: changes in the private sector and in the household (including education gaps and professional exclusion, especially of women), government support (including research and education, innovations, and new technologies, especially communications) and human capital (talent management).
本文考察了沙特阿拉伯经济部门在创建或更确切地说转变为知识经济中的作用。它确定了可以支持该过程的主要推动者。判断和意见被用来为从石油经济向知识经济的长期转变提出一些一般性建议。作为一项主要发现,它确定了对这一转变贡献最大的四个领域:私营部门和家庭的变化(包括教育差距和专业排斥,尤其是妇女)、政府支持(包括研究和教育、创新和新技术,特别是通信)和人力资本(人才管理)。
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引用次数: 0
Barriers of Human and Nonhuman Agents’ Integration in Positive Hybrid Systems: The Relationship Between the Anthropocentrism, Artificial Intelligence Anxiety, and Attitudes Towards Humanoid Robots 正混合系统中人与非人主体融合的障碍——人类中心主义、人工智能焦虑与对仿人机器人态度的关系
Pub Date : 2023-01-25 DOI: 10.18290/pepsi-2022-0010
Paweł Fortuna, M. Łysiak, M. Chumak, Monika McNeill
The article focuses on the analysis of subjective conditions for the integration of humans with humanoid robots. By interacting with each other, these units create hybrid systems that deserve to be called positive, as interactions with technological artifacts contribute to increasing the optimal functioning of users. An online survey-based study with 364 respondents was conducted that tested the relationship between anthropocentric beliefs of individuals, attitudes towards, and interactions with humanoid robots. It was found that this relationship is positive and is mediated by the aspects of fear of artificial intelligence (AI) related to the perception of AI-driven agents as scary and intimidating and by anxiety caused by the fear of their strong expansion (e.g., in the labor market). The significant strength of the relationship is an important clue for people designing hybrid systems (e.g., in the workplace), especially in conservative societies whose representatives are sensitive to the position humans in the hierarchy of entities.
本文着重分析了人与类人机器人融合的主观条件。通过相互交互,这些单元创建了值得称为积极的混合系统,因为与技术工件的交互有助于提高用户的最佳功能。对364名受访者进行了一项基于在线调查的研究,测试了个人以人类为中心的信仰、对人形机器人的态度以及与人形机器人的互动之间的关系。研究发现,这种关系是积极的,是由对人工智能(AI)的恐惧以及对其强大扩张(例如,在劳动力市场)的恐惧引起的焦虑所介导的。这种关系的显著强度是人们设计混合系统(例如,在工作场所)的一条重要线索,尤其是在保守的社会中,其代表对人类在实体等级中的地位很敏感。
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引用次数: 0
Professional Preferences in the Ethnic and Economic Context of Poland and Turkey 波兰和土耳其民族和经济背景下的职业偏好
Pub Date : 2022-11-23 DOI: 10.18290/pepsi-2022-0005
Dominika Jędrzejewska-Akbaş
The main objective of the study is to assess the relationship between the system of student values in the multicultural aspect in relation to professional preferences. For this purpose, Polish and Turkish students were analyzed. The groups were further separated into those studying in the faculties of science and humanities. The social learning theory of Bandura serves as the foundation for the study of occupational preferences (Strelau, 2003). The research includes John Holland’s Theory of Career Choice (RIASEC) (Holland, 1970a, as cited in O’Shea & Harrington, 1972), Schwartz’s theory of basic values and its structure (Schwartz, 2012). Students’ values are expected to be directly related to their choice of studies based on the assumptions of Holland’s Theory of Career Choice (RIASEC) (O’Shea & Harrington, 1972). Also, the research by Berring et al. (2015), Sababa and Benson (2010), and the author’s interviews with the respondents are used to support the hypothesis that the Turkish students’ group has greater preferences for choosing science than the Polish students’ group.
本研究的主要目的是评估多元文化背景下的学生价值观体系与专业偏好之间的关系。为此,对波兰和土耳其学生进行了分析。这些小组又进一步分为科学学院和人文学院。Bandura的社会学习理论是职业偏好研究的基础(Strelau, 2003)。研究包括约翰·霍兰德的职业选择理论(RIASEC) (Holland, 1970a,引自O’shea & Harrington, 1972),施瓦茨的基本价值观理论及其结构(Schwartz, 2012)。根据荷兰职业选择理论(RIASEC) (O’shea & Harrington, 1972)的假设,学生的价值观与他们的学习选择直接相关。此外,Berring等人(2015)、Sababa和Benson(2010)的研究,以及作者对受访者的访谈,都用来支持土耳其学生群体比波兰学生群体更倾向于选择科学的假设。
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引用次数: 0
Wonder Is the Beginning of Wisdom. The Socratic Method in a Qualitative Study of Leadership in Family Firms 奇迹是智慧的开端。家族企业领导力定性研究中的苏格拉底方法
Pub Date : 2022-11-23 DOI: 10.18290/pepsi-2022-0002
A. Biela, Klaudia Martynowska
The study employed the Socratic method to conduct 32 semi-structured interviews with future successors of family firms, to explore the relationship between entrepreneurial leadership and job crafting. Socratic questions were used to grasp regularities of participants’ behavior. Inference by analogy was employed to foster rational and inductive reasoning of the participants. The results show that the Socratic method and analogy may be a valuable qualitative data collection method in reducing participants resistance and facilitating their self-initiated discovery in a sensitive research context. The validity and reliability of this method is discussed in terms of trustworthiness. Applying the Socratic method and analogy to the data collection method (interviews) may enhance the overall credibility of organizational qualitative research methods.
该研究采用苏格拉底方法对家族企业未来的继任者进行了32次半结构化访谈,以探索创业领导力与工作塑造之间的关系。苏格拉底式问题被用来掌握参与者行为的规律。通过类比推理来促进参与者的理性推理和归纳推理。结果表明,苏格拉底方法和类比可能是一种有价值的定性数据收集方法,可以减少参与者的阻力,促进他们在敏感的研究环境中自主发现。从可信度的角度讨论了该方法的有效性和可靠性。将苏格拉底方法和类比法应用于数据收集方法(访谈)可以提高组织定性研究方法的整体可信度。
{"title":"Wonder Is the Beginning of Wisdom. The Socratic Method in a Qualitative Study of Leadership in Family Firms","authors":"A. Biela, Klaudia Martynowska","doi":"10.18290/pepsi-2022-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18290/pepsi-2022-0002","url":null,"abstract":"The study employed the Socratic method to conduct 32 semi-structured interviews with future successors of family firms, to explore the relationship between entrepreneurial leadership and job crafting. Socratic questions were used to grasp regularities of participants’ behavior. Inference by analogy was employed to foster rational and inductive reasoning of the participants. The results show that the Socratic method and analogy may be a valuable qualitative data collection method in reducing participants resistance and facilitating their self-initiated discovery in a sensitive research context. The validity and reliability of this method is discussed in terms of trustworthiness. Applying the Socratic method and analogy to the data collection method (interviews) may enhance the overall credibility of organizational qualitative research methods.","PeriodicalId":30599,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Perspectives of Economic Political and Social Integration","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49624567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Criminal Liability of People With Mental Disorders: Selected Issues 精神障碍患者的刑事责任:若干问题
Pub Date : 2022-11-23 DOI: 10.18290/pepsi-2022-0001
Krzysztof Mikołajczuk
The issue of criminal liability in different legal systems and of the perpetrator’s sanity and mental disorders, has received much attention of researchers from different scientific disciplines. Of many important aspects relevant to this topic, the paper addresses only some, which are related to two legal orders. The first part of the article focuses on the circumstances that exclude and mitigate culpability under Polish criminal law. The author examines the problem of insanity referring to the ways in which insanity is determined and enumerating sources of insanity. Then, the legal consequences of insanity are identified. Finally, the issue of diminished mental capacity in the doctrine of Polish criminal law is analysed. The second part of the article deals with the concept of imputability in the Code of Canon Law of 1983. Quoting the provisions of canon law, the author considers the issue of natural inability to commit a crime by persons who are habitually deprived of the use of reason, and then indicates the circumstances excluding, mitigating and aggravating the perpetrator’s culpability.
不同法律制度下的刑事责任问题,以及犯罪者的理智和精神障碍问题,受到了不同学科研究人员的广泛关注。在与这一主题相关的许多重要方面中,本文只涉及一些与两个法律秩序有关的方面。文章的第一部分着重于波兰刑法规定的排除和减轻罪责的情况。作者参照确定精神错乱的方式和列举精神错乱的来源来研究精神错乱的问题。然后,精神错乱的法律后果被确定。最后,分析了波兰刑法理论中精神能力下降的问题。文章的第二部分论述了1983年《法典》中可归责性的概念。提交人援引教会法的规定,审议了习惯性地被剥夺理性的人自然无法犯罪的问题,然后指出了排除、减轻和加重犯罪人罪责的情况。
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引用次数: 0
Career Path Choices of Vocational School Students in the Context of Their Entrepreneurial Abilities, General Aptitude, and Hope for Success 创业能力、综合素质与成功希望背景下中专学生的职业道路选择
Pub Date : 2022-11-23 DOI: 10.18290/pepsi-2022-0003
Michał Skarzyński, C. Noworol
The right choice of career path for young people deciding to attend vocational school can prove to be an important factor not only for future educational success, but also for a successful transition from education to work. It is, on the one hand, a key developmental challenge for young people entering adulthood and, on the other, an expectation and concern for local authorities shaping education policy in the context of the needs of the local economy. The problem of a successful transition from education to work is, then, an interdisciplinary issue, related to both psychology (individual differences) and the management of local development oriented towards providing the local economy with the necessary competences for work. Therefore, it is also and actually first and foremost, an important challenge for career counselling and for young people. The article presents an empirical study of 3,577 vocational and technical school students, covering 1,080 female and 2,497 male students, conducted in 19 schools in Poznań in 27 fields of study using questionnaires and psychological tests to determine entrepreneurial abilities (KUP), hope for success (KNS) and general aptitude (APIS). Our analyses of the research results led us to claim that there is a relationship between entrepreneurial abilities, general aptitude and hope for success and the career path choices of vocational school students. It was shown, with the use of artificial intelligence, that on the basis of the results of questionnaires measuring these student characteristics, a prediction can be made about the choice of further career or educational direction. The results of the analysis using AI can support career counselling for vocational students and the development of a career counselling system at this and earlier stages of education.
事实证明,决定上职业学校的年轻人正确选择职业道路不仅是未来教育成功的重要因素,也是从教育向工作成功过渡的重要因素。一方面,这是进入成年的年轻人面临的一个关键发展挑战,另一方面,也是地方当局根据当地经济需求制定教育政策的期望和关注。因此,从教育到工作的成功过渡问题是一个跨学科问题,涉及心理学(个体差异)和地方发展管理,旨在为地方经济提供必要的工作能力。因此,事实上,这也是职业咨询和年轻人面临的一项重要挑战。本文对波兹南19所学校的3577名职业技术学校学生(包括1080名女生和2497名男生)进行了27个研究领域的实证研究,使用问卷和心理测试来确定创业能力(KUP)、成功希望(KNS)和一般能力(APIS)。我们对研究结果的分析表明,职业学校学生的创业能力、一般能力和成功希望与职业道路选择之间存在关系。研究表明,利用人工智能,根据测量这些学生特征的问卷调查结果,可以预测未来职业或教育方向的选择。使用人工智能的分析结果可以支持职业学生的职业咨询,以及在教育的这一阶段和早期阶段开发职业咨询系统。
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引用次数: 0
Attitudes Towards Body Organ Transplantation 对人体器官移植的态度
Pub Date : 2022-11-23 DOI: 10.18290/pepsi-2022-0004
Aleksandra A. Bednarczyk, Z. Zaleski
The authors present the outcomes of a study on attitudes towards donation of one’s own body organs to others in case of potential donor’s clinical death after an accident. The results showed that life organs (e.g. lungs, liver) are more willingly donated than peripheral ones (e.g. fingers, eyes). Some personal values are positively related to this readiness, whereas religiosity negatively. Further research ideas are proposed.
作者介绍了一项关于在潜在捐赠者在事故后临床死亡的情况下将自己的身体器官捐赠给他人的态度的研究结果。结果表明,生命器官(如肺、肝)比外围器官(如手指、眼睛)更愿意捐赠。一些个人价值观与这种准备程度呈正相关,而宗教信仰则呈负相关。提出了进一步的研究思路。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal for Perspectives of Economic Political and Social Integration
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