Pub Date : 2009-12-11DOI: 10.1109/ICET.2009.5353151
Umm-e-Habiba, S. Asghar
Over the past few decades, decision-making has gained popularity due to its frequent implications in managerial domains as it enables decision makers to come up with preeminent decisions. This explicit the importance of improved decision making processes given the competitive and dynamic business environment these days. Multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) — a well known decision making process is based on the progression of using methods and procedures of multiple conflicting criteria into management planning processes, whereas, Decision Support Systems (DSS) are considered powerful tools for decision-making. MCDM is widely used in conjunction with Decision support systems (DSS) by a large number of decision makers in variety of fields, such as financial analysis, flood risk management, housing evaluation, disaster management and Customer relationship management. Apart from several diversified advantages of using MCDM-DSS architecture, certain issues are also attached to this highly useful decision-making methodology. The main objective of this study is to provide critical evaluation by reviewing and synthesizing the available literature on MCDM-DSS architecture. This study will act as a landmark in providing in-depth knowledge on strength and weaknesses of several models and methodologies reviewed for articulation of this study.
{"title":"A survey on multi-criteria decision making approaches","authors":"Umm-e-Habiba, S. Asghar","doi":"10.1109/ICET.2009.5353151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICET.2009.5353151","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past few decades, decision-making has gained popularity due to its frequent implications in managerial domains as it enables decision makers to come up with preeminent decisions. This explicit the importance of improved decision making processes given the competitive and dynamic business environment these days. Multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) — a well known decision making process is based on the progression of using methods and procedures of multiple conflicting criteria into management planning processes, whereas, Decision Support Systems (DSS) are considered powerful tools for decision-making. MCDM is widely used in conjunction with Decision support systems (DSS) by a large number of decision makers in variety of fields, such as financial analysis, flood risk management, housing evaluation, disaster management and Customer relationship management. Apart from several diversified advantages of using MCDM-DSS architecture, certain issues are also attached to this highly useful decision-making methodology. The main objective of this study is to provide critical evaluation by reviewing and synthesizing the available literature on MCDM-DSS architecture. This study will act as a landmark in providing in-depth knowledge on strength and weaknesses of several models and methodologies reviewed for articulation of this study.","PeriodicalId":307661,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Emerging Technologies","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131869885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-11DOI: 10.1109/ICET.2009.5353164
S. Ali, M. F. Zafar
The major difficulty in any object tracking system is to detect the moving objects efficiently in varying environment. This paper presents a robust moving object detection method in videos and discusses its applications to human and vehicle detection. Our method consists of average background model with supportive secondary model and an adaptive threshold selection model based on Gaussian distribution. The average background model is used for background modelling as used in [10] and the background subtraction system is used to provide foreground image through difference image between current image and model image. The adaptive threshold method is used to simultaneously update the system to environment changes. This method is tested on various environments and experimental results show that proposed method is more robust and efficient than others in video-based object detection and tracking.
{"title":"A robust adaptive method for detection and tracking of moving objects","authors":"S. Ali, M. F. Zafar","doi":"10.1109/ICET.2009.5353164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICET.2009.5353164","url":null,"abstract":"The major difficulty in any object tracking system is to detect the moving objects efficiently in varying environment. This paper presents a robust moving object detection method in videos and discusses its applications to human and vehicle detection. Our method consists of average background model with supportive secondary model and an adaptive threshold selection model based on Gaussian distribution. The average background model is used for background modelling as used in [10] and the background subtraction system is used to provide foreground image through difference image between current image and model image. The adaptive threshold method is used to simultaneously update the system to environment changes. This method is tested on various environments and experimental results show that proposed method is more robust and efficient than others in video-based object detection and tracking.","PeriodicalId":307661,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Emerging Technologies","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122446140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-11DOI: 10.1109/ICET.2009.5353176
S. Nefti, El-mabruk Abulgasem
Fast, realistic physically based deformable models are required for real time Virtual Reality applications such as surgical simulators. The main focus of this paper is to introduce a Neural Network based deformable model called NNDM that is fast enough to allow interactive frame rates and produces a plausible deformation. The main idea is to introduce the neural networks to approximate the deformation and the transmission of the force from the manipulated vertex to its adjacent neighbors and from those neighbors to their neighbors and so on, also the deformation can be simulated locally or globally. The model is tested on virtual objects those modeled as surface mesh and integrated in an interactive Cataract Eye Surgery Simulator to model the deformation of eye tissues when it is manipulated with surgical instrument.
{"title":"Neural networks approach for soft tissue modelling","authors":"S. Nefti, El-mabruk Abulgasem","doi":"10.1109/ICET.2009.5353176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICET.2009.5353176","url":null,"abstract":"Fast, realistic physically based deformable models are required for real time Virtual Reality applications such as surgical simulators. The main focus of this paper is to introduce a Neural Network based deformable model called NNDM that is fast enough to allow interactive frame rates and produces a plausible deformation. The main idea is to introduce the neural networks to approximate the deformation and the transmission of the force from the manipulated vertex to its adjacent neighbors and from those neighbors to their neighbors and so on, also the deformation can be simulated locally or globally. The model is tested on virtual objects those modeled as surface mesh and integrated in an interactive Cataract Eye Surgery Simulator to model the deformation of eye tissues when it is manipulated with surgical instrument.","PeriodicalId":307661,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Emerging Technologies","volume":"1934 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128845670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-11DOI: 10.1109/ICET.2009.5353130
S. Bouk, I. Sasase
Several gateway selection schemes have been proposed that select gateway nodes based on single QoS metric, for instance link availability, link capacity etc. or multiple non-QoS metrics, such as the combination of gateway node speed, residual energy, and number of hops, for Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (MANETs). Each scheme just focuses to improve only single network performance such as network throughput, packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay or packet drop ratio. However, none of those schemes improves overall network performance. To improve the overall network performance, it is necessary to select a gateway with stable connection, maximum link capacity and less latency. In this paper, we propose a gateway selection scheme that considers multiple end-to-end QoS parameters such as route availability period, route capacity and route latency, to select a potential gateway node. The precise estimation and propagation of end-to-end QoS metrics are proposed in this paper. We simulate our gateway selection scheme with a simple hybrid gateway discovery algorithm and it shows that our gateway selection scheme improves throughput, packet delivery ratio with less energy consumption per node. Also it improves the end-to-end delay compared to the single QoS gateway selection schemes.
{"title":"Multiple end-to-end QoS metrics gateway selection scheme in Mobile Ad hoc Networks","authors":"S. Bouk, I. Sasase","doi":"10.1109/ICET.2009.5353130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICET.2009.5353130","url":null,"abstract":"Several gateway selection schemes have been proposed that select gateway nodes based on single QoS metric, for instance link availability, link capacity etc. or multiple non-QoS metrics, such as the combination of gateway node speed, residual energy, and number of hops, for Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (MANETs). Each scheme just focuses to improve only single network performance such as network throughput, packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay or packet drop ratio. However, none of those schemes improves overall network performance. To improve the overall network performance, it is necessary to select a gateway with stable connection, maximum link capacity and less latency. In this paper, we propose a gateway selection scheme that considers multiple end-to-end QoS parameters such as route availability period, route capacity and route latency, to select a potential gateway node. The precise estimation and propagation of end-to-end QoS metrics are proposed in this paper. We simulate our gateway selection scheme with a simple hybrid gateway discovery algorithm and it shows that our gateway selection scheme improves throughput, packet delivery ratio with less energy consumption per node. Also it improves the end-to-end delay compared to the single QoS gateway selection schemes.","PeriodicalId":307661,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Emerging Technologies","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115868265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-11DOI: 10.1109/ICET.2009.5353186
M. Amin
The use of organic matrials in making polymeric insualtors has many advantages. However, it also has a draw back that organic compounds degrade in outdoor environment by many factors. The major issue is that how long they will perform satifacatorily before the end of their useful life. This paper present the reuslt of multistress lab aging on HTV SiR insualtors. The environment used was of Islamabad, Pakistan. The day / night & summer / winter cycles were made. An HTV-SiR insulator was installed in multistress aging chamber and energized. UV radiation, rain, and fog were applied. The insulator was aged for nine years. Leakage current, Hydrophobicity was monitored at regular intervals. The samples of rubber from energized and un energized ends were cut at the end of each year. These samples were analyzed using FTIR. The results from all techniques were incorporated together to estimate the life of these insulators in environment of Islamabad.
{"title":"Performance of HTV-SiR as outdoor insulation in Pakistan (laboratory simulation)","authors":"M. Amin","doi":"10.1109/ICET.2009.5353186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICET.2009.5353186","url":null,"abstract":"The use of organic matrials in making polymeric insualtors has many advantages. However, it also has a draw back that organic compounds degrade in outdoor environment by many factors. The major issue is that how long they will perform satifacatorily before the end of their useful life. This paper present the reuslt of multistress lab aging on HTV SiR insualtors. The environment used was of Islamabad, Pakistan. The day / night & summer / winter cycles were made. An HTV-SiR insulator was installed in multistress aging chamber and energized. UV radiation, rain, and fog were applied. The insulator was aged for nine years. Leakage current, Hydrophobicity was monitored at regular intervals. The samples of rubber from energized and un energized ends were cut at the end of each year. These samples were analyzed using FTIR. The results from all techniques were incorporated together to estimate the life of these insulators in environment of Islamabad.","PeriodicalId":307661,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Emerging Technologies","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116124637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-11DOI: 10.1109/ICET.2009.5353210
Javeria Iqbal, M. Yousaf
In this paper, we deal with the problem of inefficient context modules of recurrent networks (RNs), which form the basis of think aloud: a strategy for imitation. Learning from observation provides a fine way for knowledge acquisition of demonstrated task. In order to learn complex tasks then simply learning action sequences, strategy of think aloud imitation learning applies recurrent network model (RNM) [1]. We propose dynamic task imitation architecture in time and storage efficient way. Inefficient recurrent nodes are replaced with updated feed forward network (FFN). Our modified architecture is based on hash table. Single hash store is used instead of multiple recurrent nodes. History for input usability is saved for experience based task learning. Performance evaluation of this approach makes success guarantee for robot training. It is best suitable approach for all applications based on recurrent neural network by replacing this inefficient network with our designed approach.
{"title":"Hash table based feed forward neural networks: A scalable approach towards think aloud imitation","authors":"Javeria Iqbal, M. Yousaf","doi":"10.1109/ICET.2009.5353210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICET.2009.5353210","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we deal with the problem of inefficient context modules of recurrent networks (RNs), which form the basis of think aloud: a strategy for imitation. Learning from observation provides a fine way for knowledge acquisition of demonstrated task. In order to learn complex tasks then simply learning action sequences, strategy of think aloud imitation learning applies recurrent network model (RNM) [1]. We propose dynamic task imitation architecture in time and storage efficient way. Inefficient recurrent nodes are replaced with updated feed forward network (FFN). Our modified architecture is based on hash table. Single hash store is used instead of multiple recurrent nodes. History for input usability is saved for experience based task learning. Performance evaluation of this approach makes success guarantee for robot training. It is best suitable approach for all applications based on recurrent neural network by replacing this inefficient network with our designed approach.","PeriodicalId":307661,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Emerging Technologies","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117147396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-11DOI: 10.1109/ICET.2009.5353182
H. Khan, Muhammad Haroon Khan, H. Rashid
This Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are voltage-insensitive cation channels expressed in both central and peripheral neurons. ASICs are activated by extracellular protons, and several agents modify the response. ASICs are members of the larger degenerin/epithelial Na_channel (DEG/ENaC) family of ion channels. The sequence of mouse amiloride-sensitive cation channel 2, neuronal, ACCN2_MOUSE has been analyzed by different bioinformatics tools in order to get the primary, secondary structure and 3D structure. The sequence of ACCN2_MOUSE was analyzed through Protparam in order to find the physical and chemical properties. The transmembrane helices, coiled coils are predicted using Bioinformatics tools. Comparative modeling has been performed in order to get the 3D structure of ACCN2_MOUSE. Our structure prediction was based on the availability of the 3D model of the homologous protein from Amiloride-sensitive cation channel 2, neuronal chicken (2QTSE). This will be useful for further protein-protein interaction prediction, protein-protein docking, molecular docking and pharmacological studies.
{"title":"Structure prediction and analysis of mouse amiloride-sensitive cation channel 2, neuronal using bioinformatics tools","authors":"H. Khan, Muhammad Haroon Khan, H. Rashid","doi":"10.1109/ICET.2009.5353182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICET.2009.5353182","url":null,"abstract":"This Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are voltage-insensitive cation channels expressed in both central and peripheral neurons. ASICs are activated by extracellular protons, and several agents modify the response. ASICs are members of the larger degenerin/epithelial Na_channel (DEG/ENaC) family of ion channels. The sequence of mouse amiloride-sensitive cation channel 2, neuronal, ACCN2_MOUSE has been analyzed by different bioinformatics tools in order to get the primary, secondary structure and 3D structure. The sequence of ACCN2_MOUSE was analyzed through Protparam in order to find the physical and chemical properties. The transmembrane helices, coiled coils are predicted using Bioinformatics tools. Comparative modeling has been performed in order to get the 3D structure of ACCN2_MOUSE. Our structure prediction was based on the availability of the 3D model of the homologous protein from Amiloride-sensitive cation channel 2, neuronal chicken (2QTSE). This will be useful for further protein-protein interaction prediction, protein-protein docking, molecular docking and pharmacological studies.","PeriodicalId":307661,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Emerging Technologies","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115872990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-11DOI: 10.1109/ICET.2009.5353168
Abdul Hameed
In outsized multimedia databases video segmentation is a fundamental constituent necessary to assist proficient content based retrieval and browsing of visual information. This paper presents work towards an integrated framework for computerized video shot detection. In this framework a set of representative key frames are selected which helps in summarizing of the entire video content into an abstract for the creation of an efficient indexing. The video frames are subdivided into its constituent variable size blocks followed by the selection of best possible similarity metric. The proposed segmentation algorithm is designed to detect any kind of shot transitions present in the video sequence. The frame structure and its color distributions are the attributes used as frame inconsistency measures. The individual key frames are selected to minimize redundancy after this segmentation step, which represent the content in each video shot thus making an abstract.
{"title":"Video shot detection by motion estimation and compensation","authors":"Abdul Hameed","doi":"10.1109/ICET.2009.5353168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICET.2009.5353168","url":null,"abstract":"In outsized multimedia databases video segmentation is a fundamental constituent necessary to assist proficient content based retrieval and browsing of visual information. This paper presents work towards an integrated framework for computerized video shot detection. In this framework a set of representative key frames are selected which helps in summarizing of the entire video content into an abstract for the creation of an efficient indexing. The video frames are subdivided into its constituent variable size blocks followed by the selection of best possible similarity metric. The proposed segmentation algorithm is designed to detect any kind of shot transitions present in the video sequence. The frame structure and its color distributions are the attributes used as frame inconsistency measures. The individual key frames are selected to minimize redundancy after this segmentation step, which represent the content in each video shot thus making an abstract.","PeriodicalId":307661,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Emerging Technologies","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125329966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-11DOI: 10.1109/ICET.2009.5353192
S. Amin, M. Amin
Composite or 3 polymeric insulators with a lot of advantages over ceramic (porcelain or glass insulators) have been in use since last 15 years. Before they are readily adopted as future insulators, a lot of work on their life estimation is required. The reason is their organic nature which causes the degradation of their useful electrical properties with time. To investigate this, lot of work is in progress all over the world and a work was also started on them to investigate their performance in Pakistan. In an initial part of that work SiR Rubber samples and full scale 10 kV distribution class SiR Insulators were aged in natural environment of HATTAR city. The HATTAR city is a heavily polluted industrial area near Islamabad. These insulators were installed in open environment and energized for two years. All natural stresses like rain, fog, salt, dust, pollution, UV radiation affect the insulator and cause its aging. The state of aging and degradation was estimated at defined time intervals by different material analysis techniques. The results are particularly useful for direct estimation of state and were also used for developing weather cycles of the HATTAR city environment for future work.
{"title":"Natural aging of SiR insulators in Pakistan","authors":"S. Amin, M. Amin","doi":"10.1109/ICET.2009.5353192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICET.2009.5353192","url":null,"abstract":"Composite or 3 polymeric insulators with a lot of advantages over ceramic (porcelain or glass insulators) have been in use since last 15 years. Before they are readily adopted as future insulators, a lot of work on their life estimation is required. The reason is their organic nature which causes the degradation of their useful electrical properties with time. To investigate this, lot of work is in progress all over the world and a work was also started on them to investigate their performance in Pakistan. In an initial part of that work SiR Rubber samples and full scale 10 kV distribution class SiR Insulators were aged in natural environment of HATTAR city. The HATTAR city is a heavily polluted industrial area near Islamabad. These insulators were installed in open environment and energized for two years. All natural stresses like rain, fog, salt, dust, pollution, UV radiation affect the insulator and cause its aging. The state of aging and degradation was estimated at defined time intervals by different material analysis techniques. The results are particularly useful for direct estimation of state and were also used for developing weather cycles of the HATTAR city environment for future work.","PeriodicalId":307661,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Emerging Technologies","volume":"188 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126030194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-11DOI: 10.1109/ICET.2009.5353158
U. Khan, S. Baig, M. Mughal
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) has the inherent problem of high peak to average power ratio (PAPR). Moreover, it suffers from high sensitivity to frequency offsets and narrowband interference (NBI). Contrary to this, Single Carrier Modulation (SCM) offers smaller PAPR and reduced sensitivity to NBI. However, it requires an efficient channel equalization technique. In literature, frequency domain channel equalization has been proposed for SCM systems in wireless communications. It also possesses the advantage of lower complexity in signal processing, as in the case of OFDM. This paper presents performance comparison between OFDM and SCM with frequency domain equalization for multipath wireless channel. SCM utilizes minimum mean square error (MMSE) algorithm for the training of the frequency domain equalizer. It is shown that SCM employing a frequency domain MMSE equalizer has a better bit error rate (BER) performance than OFDM. Also, the performance comparison of SCM and OFDM systems in the presence of NBI over additive white gaussian noise (AWGN) link shows that SCM is less sensitive to NBI.
{"title":"Performance comparison of Single Carrier Modulation with frequency domain equalization an OFDM for wireless communications","authors":"U. Khan, S. Baig, M. Mughal","doi":"10.1109/ICET.2009.5353158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICET.2009.5353158","url":null,"abstract":"Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) has the inherent problem of high peak to average power ratio (PAPR). Moreover, it suffers from high sensitivity to frequency offsets and narrowband interference (NBI). Contrary to this, Single Carrier Modulation (SCM) offers smaller PAPR and reduced sensitivity to NBI. However, it requires an efficient channel equalization technique. In literature, frequency domain channel equalization has been proposed for SCM systems in wireless communications. It also possesses the advantage of lower complexity in signal processing, as in the case of OFDM. This paper presents performance comparison between OFDM and SCM with frequency domain equalization for multipath wireless channel. SCM utilizes minimum mean square error (MMSE) algorithm for the training of the frequency domain equalizer. It is shown that SCM employing a frequency domain MMSE equalizer has a better bit error rate (BER) performance than OFDM. Also, the performance comparison of SCM and OFDM systems in the presence of NBI over additive white gaussian noise (AWGN) link shows that SCM is less sensitive to NBI.","PeriodicalId":307661,"journal":{"name":"2009 International Conference on Emerging Technologies","volume":"189 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123257166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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