Pub Date : 2015-12-01DOI: 10.1109/IMARC.2015.7411407
Satyajit Panda, N. Tiwari, M. Akhtar
A novel artificial neural network (ANN) based architecture is proposed for the complex permittivity determination of thin samples in RF and microwave frequency band. The proposed approach uses a coplanar waveguide sensor for the measurement of scattering coefficients of test specimens, which are then used in conjunction with the proposed ANN architecture to obtain their dielectric properties. The data for training the ANN are obtained by simulating the coplanar sensor using the CST Microwave Studio. To train the network, the gradient-descent training function with momentum is used which avoids sticking to a local minima. In addition, the regularized cross-entropy activation function is used for faster learning of the network and to address over-fitting. The proposed approach is validated by testing a number of standard samples in the designated frequency bands.
{"title":"Neural network based system for RF testing of thin samples","authors":"Satyajit Panda, N. Tiwari, M. Akhtar","doi":"10.1109/IMARC.2015.7411407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMARC.2015.7411407","url":null,"abstract":"A novel artificial neural network (ANN) based architecture is proposed for the complex permittivity determination of thin samples in RF and microwave frequency band. The proposed approach uses a coplanar waveguide sensor for the measurement of scattering coefficients of test specimens, which are then used in conjunction with the proposed ANN architecture to obtain their dielectric properties. The data for training the ANN are obtained by simulating the coplanar sensor using the CST Microwave Studio. To train the network, the gradient-descent training function with momentum is used which avoids sticking to a local minima. In addition, the regularized cross-entropy activation function is used for faster learning of the network and to address over-fitting. The proposed approach is validated by testing a number of standard samples in the designated frequency bands.","PeriodicalId":307742,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and RF Conference (IMaRC)","volume":"129 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133707038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01DOI: 10.1109/IMARC.2015.7411401
B. Sahu, M. K. Meshram, S. Singh, P. Tripathi
In this paper, a modified microstrip interdigital bandpass filter (IBPF) with a pair of spurlines and defected ground structure (DGS) containing stepped impedance resonator (SIR) is proposed. A combination of spurlines and SIR-shaped DGS is used to obtain wide stopband which is the result of band notched characteristics of spurline and harmonics suppression characteristics of DGS. The 3-dB impedance bandwidth of the proposed filter is 1.153 GHz (79%) and covers the frequency range 0.885-2.038 GHz. The proposed filter is compact having size of 0.107 λ0 × 0.075 λ0, where λ0 is the free space wavelength at the centre frequency (f0) of 1.46 GHz. The compact, wideband BPF with wide stopband has stopband attenuation better than 14 dB upto the frequency range of approximately six times the centre frequency of the desired passband. The insertion loss value of the proposed filter varies from 0.12-0.57 dB over its operating frequency band.
{"title":"Simulation study of modified compact microstrip interdigital bandpass filter with wide stopband for L-band applications","authors":"B. Sahu, M. K. Meshram, S. Singh, P. Tripathi","doi":"10.1109/IMARC.2015.7411401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMARC.2015.7411401","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a modified microstrip interdigital bandpass filter (IBPF) with a pair of spurlines and defected ground structure (DGS) containing stepped impedance resonator (SIR) is proposed. A combination of spurlines and SIR-shaped DGS is used to obtain wide stopband which is the result of band notched characteristics of spurline and harmonics suppression characteristics of DGS. The 3-dB impedance bandwidth of the proposed filter is 1.153 GHz (79%) and covers the frequency range 0.885-2.038 GHz. The proposed filter is compact having size of 0.107 λ0 × 0.075 λ0, where λ0 is the free space wavelength at the centre frequency (f0) of 1.46 GHz. The compact, wideband BPF with wide stopband has stopband attenuation better than 14 dB upto the frequency range of approximately six times the centre frequency of the desired passband. The insertion loss value of the proposed filter varies from 0.12-0.57 dB over its operating frequency band.","PeriodicalId":307742,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and RF Conference (IMaRC)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133850169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01DOI: 10.1109/IMARC.2015.7411409
Madhumita Chakravarti, K. Reddy, V. Kirty
RF Multi-function chip (MFC) design is taken up to reduce number of connectors, interconnecting cables and RF devices that cause isolation and RF-matching problem causing un-reliability of the system. The repeatability of the performance of RF module is important for production of a system. Power coupler, mixer and preamplifier stages are designed in one chip. LNA, mixer and power dividers are designed in the second chip. The simulation and fabrication results show a close match.
{"title":"RF multi-function chip at Ku-band","authors":"Madhumita Chakravarti, K. Reddy, V. Kirty","doi":"10.1109/IMARC.2015.7411409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMARC.2015.7411409","url":null,"abstract":"RF Multi-function chip (MFC) design is taken up to reduce number of connectors, interconnecting cables and RF devices that cause isolation and RF-matching problem causing un-reliability of the system. The repeatability of the performance of RF module is important for production of a system. Power coupler, mixer and preamplifier stages are designed in one chip. LNA, mixer and power dividers are designed in the second chip. The simulation and fabrication results show a close match.","PeriodicalId":307742,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and RF Conference (IMaRC)","volume":"39 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120915574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01DOI: 10.1109/IMARC.2015.7411418
S. Singh, Z. Akhter, M. Akhtar
A terahertz reflectometry technique is proposed to assess the burn injuries of human skin. In order to differentiate burn injuries of various degrees, a simple stratified media models for the healthy and various degrees of burned skin are presented. The variation of water content is the key measure used in this study to differentiate the burned and normal skin as well as to get the information of the degree of burn. The results obtained from the reflectometry technique show variation among various degree of burns, in addition the detailed study of reflected signals in time domain provide the thickness of the dead dermis which may represent the significant step in clinical surgery.
{"title":"Assessment of burn injuries using terahertz reflectometry technique","authors":"S. Singh, Z. Akhter, M. Akhtar","doi":"10.1109/IMARC.2015.7411418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMARC.2015.7411418","url":null,"abstract":"A terahertz reflectometry technique is proposed to assess the burn injuries of human skin. In order to differentiate burn injuries of various degrees, a simple stratified media models for the healthy and various degrees of burned skin are presented. The variation of water content is the key measure used in this study to differentiate the burned and normal skin as well as to get the information of the degree of burn. The results obtained from the reflectometry technique show variation among various degree of burns, in addition the detailed study of reflected signals in time domain provide the thickness of the dead dermis which may represent the significant step in clinical surgery.","PeriodicalId":307742,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and RF Conference (IMaRC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128797139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01DOI: 10.1109/IMARC.2015.7411402
M. Y. Joshi, G. Verma, S. Solanki, S. Ranade
The Electromagnetic environment as encountered by Railways system comprises of emissions contribution from many sub systems including signaling, traction and communication. The Indian railway urban transport system faces much more complex environment considering emissions from other non railway sources including emission from road transport as the roads are running almost parallel to the railway tracks. Measurement of radiated emissions (RE) of moving trains in the frequency range 9 kHz-1 GHz is one of the most challenging and time-consuming preposition for assessing the Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) of a railway system. The concept of `Doppler shift' has been used for numerous applications in various systems. In this paper, we propose that the Doppler shift can also be utilized for estimating the emissions of a rolling stock in moving condition by knowing the speed of the rolling stock and emission measurements taken during the stationary condition. The radiated emission measurements exercise was undertaken for Mumbai suburban trains during which the emission measurements were carried out for the rolling stock during stationary as well moving condition. Knowing the speed of the rolling stock and frequency components captured during the stationary condition the probable frequency components those would appear during moving condition of rolling stock have been computed using the Doppler shift principle. The actual frequency components found during the measurement of rolling stock in moving condition were compared with the frequency components computed using the Doppler shift principle. They were found to be within the agreement considering the resolution bandwidth (RBW) of the receiver, set during actual measurements.
{"title":"Estimation of emission frequencies of rolling stock in running condition using Doppler shift of emission frequencies found during stationary condition","authors":"M. Y. Joshi, G. Verma, S. Solanki, S. Ranade","doi":"10.1109/IMARC.2015.7411402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMARC.2015.7411402","url":null,"abstract":"The Electromagnetic environment as encountered by Railways system comprises of emissions contribution from many sub systems including signaling, traction and communication. The Indian railway urban transport system faces much more complex environment considering emissions from other non railway sources including emission from road transport as the roads are running almost parallel to the railway tracks. Measurement of radiated emissions (RE) of moving trains in the frequency range 9 kHz-1 GHz is one of the most challenging and time-consuming preposition for assessing the Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) of a railway system. The concept of `Doppler shift' has been used for numerous applications in various systems. In this paper, we propose that the Doppler shift can also be utilized for estimating the emissions of a rolling stock in moving condition by knowing the speed of the rolling stock and emission measurements taken during the stationary condition. The radiated emission measurements exercise was undertaken for Mumbai suburban trains during which the emission measurements were carried out for the rolling stock during stationary as well moving condition. Knowing the speed of the rolling stock and frequency components captured during the stationary condition the probable frequency components those would appear during moving condition of rolling stock have been computed using the Doppler shift principle. The actual frequency components found during the measurement of rolling stock in moving condition were compared with the frequency components computed using the Doppler shift principle. They were found to be within the agreement considering the resolution bandwidth (RBW) of the receiver, set during actual measurements.","PeriodicalId":307742,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and RF Conference (IMaRC)","volume":"145 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127305265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01DOI: 10.1109/IMARC.2015.7411419
S. Srivastava, S. R. Panchal, D. Gandhi, P. Bharadhwaj, Surinder Singh
This paper presents a novel means for paralleling transistors at circuit level for combining power using a Microstrip coupled line based "two-way DC block". This approach offers several features in a single elegant structure, such as: power division, impedance matching between an arbitrary source and loads, inherent DC blocking capability and convenient post-production tuning where necessary. The implemented amplifier achieves the above mentioned functionalities with 17.5 dB of gain in 200 MHz bandwidth and 30dBm of output power at 50% output drain efficiency at Ku band.
{"title":"Circuit level paralleling of devices using two-way DC block for efficient power combining","authors":"S. Srivastava, S. R. Panchal, D. Gandhi, P. Bharadhwaj, Surinder Singh","doi":"10.1109/IMARC.2015.7411419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMARC.2015.7411419","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel means for paralleling transistors at circuit level for combining power using a Microstrip coupled line based \"two-way DC block\". This approach offers several features in a single elegant structure, such as: power division, impedance matching between an arbitrary source and loads, inherent DC blocking capability and convenient post-production tuning where necessary. The implemented amplifier achieves the above mentioned functionalities with 17.5 dB of gain in 200 MHz bandwidth and 30dBm of output power at 50% output drain efficiency at Ku band.","PeriodicalId":307742,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and RF Conference (IMaRC)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121757967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01DOI: 10.1109/IMARC.2015.7411443
K. Nishikawa, H. Sakaki
This paper investigates the impact of the modulation scheme and input power on rectifier RF-DC power conversion efficiency for wireless power transfer system. As the reference, we use the same rectifier with continuous wave (CW) input signal. The paper introduces simulation and measurement results to clarify the impact of QPSK/ 16 QAM modulated input signals with various symbol rates and input powers on the efficiency. The efficiency exhibits three characteristics depending on the input power. The efficiency drastically degrades in the high input power region. On the other hand, rectifier efficiency is significantly enhanced in the lower input power region (basically start-up region). In the middle input power region, signal modulation slightly improves the efficiency. The paper also Indiates that the efficiency depends on the symbol rate of the input signal.
{"title":"Impact of modulation schime on rectifier RF-DC efficiency and optimal signal control technique","authors":"K. Nishikawa, H. Sakaki","doi":"10.1109/IMARC.2015.7411443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMARC.2015.7411443","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the impact of the modulation scheme and input power on rectifier RF-DC power conversion efficiency for wireless power transfer system. As the reference, we use the same rectifier with continuous wave (CW) input signal. The paper introduces simulation and measurement results to clarify the impact of QPSK/ 16 QAM modulated input signals with various symbol rates and input powers on the efficiency. The efficiency exhibits three characteristics depending on the input power. The efficiency drastically degrades in the high input power region. On the other hand, rectifier efficiency is significantly enhanced in the lower input power region (basically start-up region). In the middle input power region, signal modulation slightly improves the efficiency. The paper also Indiates that the efficiency depends on the symbol rate of the input signal.","PeriodicalId":307742,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and RF Conference (IMaRC)","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126677132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01DOI: 10.1109/IMARC.2015.7411439
N. Sood, P. Sen
This paper describes the design and implementation of phase locked oscillator (PLO) in radio front-end applying a combination of techniques to achieve increased tolerance for withstanding high vibration environment. Elements of a PLO that have been focused upon and optimized include the loop filter parameters such as loop bandwidth and phase margin and the reference oscillator section along with overall mechanical design and packaging. The loop filter of frequency synthesizer is optimized with a trade-off among various parameters and reference oscillator is realized using internal vibration isolators to achieve exceptionally stabilized spectral performance under high vibration condition.
{"title":"Optimizing performance of phase locked oscillator for high vibration environment","authors":"N. Sood, P. Sen","doi":"10.1109/IMARC.2015.7411439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMARC.2015.7411439","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the design and implementation of phase locked oscillator (PLO) in radio front-end applying a combination of techniques to achieve increased tolerance for withstanding high vibration environment. Elements of a PLO that have been focused upon and optimized include the loop filter parameters such as loop bandwidth and phase margin and the reference oscillator section along with overall mechanical design and packaging. The loop filter of frequency synthesizer is optimized with a trade-off among various parameters and reference oscillator is realized using internal vibration isolators to achieve exceptionally stabilized spectral performance under high vibration condition.","PeriodicalId":307742,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and RF Conference (IMaRC)","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127537165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01DOI: 10.1109/IMARC.2015.7411423
A. Deshmukh, K. Lele, A. Desai, S. Shaikh, S. Agrawal, K. Ray
Broadband U-slot cut rectangular microstrip reflectarray antenna with a U-slot cut rectangular microstrip antenna as a feed is proposed. The 1 × 3, 3 × 1, plus-shaped and 3 × 3 patch arrays have been studied. A parametric study for varying distances between fed patch and the array and for varying U-slot dimensions in reflect array patches is presented. An optimum gain of nearly 11 dBi with bandwidth of around 1100 MHz is obtained in 3 × 3 reflect array configuration.
{"title":"Broadband U-slot cut microstrip reflectarray antenna with microstrip antenna feed","authors":"A. Deshmukh, K. Lele, A. Desai, S. Shaikh, S. Agrawal, K. Ray","doi":"10.1109/IMARC.2015.7411423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMARC.2015.7411423","url":null,"abstract":"Broadband U-slot cut rectangular microstrip reflectarray antenna with a U-slot cut rectangular microstrip antenna as a feed is proposed. The 1 × 3, 3 × 1, plus-shaped and 3 × 3 patch arrays have been studied. A parametric study for varying distances between fed patch and the array and for varying U-slot dimensions in reflect array patches is presented. An optimum gain of nearly 11 dBi with bandwidth of around 1100 MHz is obtained in 3 × 3 reflect array configuration.","PeriodicalId":307742,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and RF Conference (IMaRC)","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131777785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01DOI: 10.1109/IMARC.2015.7411372
Ashish Chittora, J. Mukherjee, Sandeep K. Singh, A. Roy, Archana Sharma
A transition waveguide with corrugations is proposed to connect Virtual Cathode Oscillator (Vircator) to mode converter. The Transition is compact in size and overmoded transmission is possible with high efficiency. Such transition is useful for high power microwave sources, where output consists of TM01 and TE11 modes, and both modes need to be transmitted. The proposed waveguide is designed for S-band operation and connects 18 cm diameter Vircator output to 9 cm diameter input of the mode converter. The cosine profile results in smallest length of the waveguide with more than 90% transmission efficiency of TM01 and TE11 modes.
{"title":"Design and simulation of transition waveguide to connect vircator to mode converter","authors":"Ashish Chittora, J. Mukherjee, Sandeep K. Singh, A. Roy, Archana Sharma","doi":"10.1109/IMARC.2015.7411372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMARC.2015.7411372","url":null,"abstract":"A transition waveguide with corrugations is proposed to connect Virtual Cathode Oscillator (Vircator) to mode converter. The Transition is compact in size and overmoded transmission is possible with high efficiency. Such transition is useful for high power microwave sources, where output consists of TM01 and TE11 modes, and both modes need to be transmitted. The proposed waveguide is designed for S-band operation and connects 18 cm diameter Vircator output to 9 cm diameter input of the mode converter. The cosine profile results in smallest length of the waveguide with more than 90% transmission efficiency of TM01 and TE11 modes.","PeriodicalId":307742,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and RF Conference (IMaRC)","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115217679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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