Indian Journal of Neonatal Medicine and Research最新文献

{"title":"Outcome of COVID-19 Positive Neonate Born to Mothers with SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Case Series","authors":"C. Bokade, Milind M Suryawanshi, Bhagyashree B Tirpude, L. Dhande","doi":"10.7860/ijnmr/2021/50119.2310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/ijnmr/2021/50119.2310","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) the disease caused by the novel coronavirus, has led to an unprecedented global pandemic affecting people of all ages. In this case series, all COVID-19 positive neonates (≤28 days of life) born to mothers with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection were selected from tertiary care hospital, in Central India from March 2020 to September 2020. There were 15 neonates affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this case series, authors found that out of 15 neonates, 5 were male and 10 were female. Main symptoms were fever, shortness of breath, poor feeding and others (like-abdomen distension, vomiting) but, often these neonates did not showed other symptoms during stay in designated COVID-19 Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) with no mortality found in this case series. COVID-19 positive neonates showed a good prognosis, with low rate of severe complications and without any mortality. Treatment was mostly symptomatic or supportive. Most of the neonates tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 were asymptomatic or had mild disease.","PeriodicalId":31116,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Neonatal Medicine and Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71265566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Cross-sectional Study of Mental Health Status of Rural School Going Students in Late Adolescence Period in Southern India","authors":"R. Aiswarya, K. Kumaravel, S. Ramya, K. Manoj, V. Anurekha, P. Sampathkumar","doi":"10.7860/ijnmr/2021/51193.2309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/ijnmr/2021/51193.2309","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Mental health of rural adolescents is often neglected and their problems are grossly under reported. Though there are many studies available in the literature that describe the mental health status of urban adolescents, there are only a very few studies available to describe the mental health status of the rural adolescents. Aim: To assess the mental health status of adolescent boys and girls in rural schools in India. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 151 boys and girls in late adolescence period in two rural schools. The study tool used was Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire-Youth Report 1 (SDQ-YR1) which consists of five subscales- emotional, hyperactivity, peer relationship, conduct problems and prosocial behaviours. All continuous data were described using mean and standard deviation or median and interquartile range based on the distribution. To study the association of different subscales with gender, Chi-square test or Fisher’s-exact test was applied based on the expected frequency. The p-value was considered significant at 5% level of significance for all comparisons. Results: The prevalence of mental health problems as observed by the abnormal total difficulties score was 14% (n=20). The most common high risk clinically significant mental health abnormality observed was in emotional subscale which was observed in 21% of the participants. Conduct problems and hyperactivity problems were each seen in 11% of the participants. Peer problems were less often seen among the participants (6%). The abnormality in prosocial behaviour was seen in only one participant. The total difficulty score which is a sum of the emotional, conduct, hyperactivity and peer problems scale was normal in 65% of the participants, was border line in 21% and was abnormal in 14%. On the analysis of the gender variations in mental health status, a greater number of boys were found to have abnormal scores than the girls. Conclusion: This study had observed a 14% prevalence of mental health problems in rural adolescents. The mental health problems were more common in the boys than the girls. The early identification of the mental health problems by the teachers can be done by using the SDQ scale which is simple and short.","PeriodicalId":31116,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Neonatal Medicine and Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71265919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Hypothermia Detecting Device during Transitional Adaptation of Healthy Full Term Infant: A Pilot Study","authors":"M. Bhandankar, Bhadreshkumar Patel","doi":"10.7860/ijnmr/2021/45815.2284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/ijnmr/2021/45815.2284","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Maintenance of warm chain and prevention of hypothermia to ensure smooth transitional adaptation of a newborn during early postnatal period is an important component of essential newborn care. Early detection of hypothermia in term normal weight newborns, kept in busy postnatal wards is essential, but is a challenge for healthcare personnels. Empowering the mothers with a simple tool to recognise hypothermia can decrease the burden on the healthcare personnels and also increase awareness among the mother and family members. Aim: The present study aimed at detecting hypothermia in healthy term newborns in the postnatal ward using a hypothermia alert (BEMPU TempWatch) device while simultaneously recording the abdominal skin temperature. Materials and Methods: The pilot study conducted from June 2018 to September 2018, recruited 51 full-term healthy infants in the postnatal ward and monitored them for hypothermia using BEMPU TempWatch on the wrist for 6 hours. Simultaneously, abdominal skin temperature was also recorded for these babies using a portable monitor. The number of hypothermia episodes detected using Bempu TempWatch and simultaneous abdominal skin temperature were recorded and analysed using R i386.3.5.1 and Microsoft Excel ver. 2010. Results: The device beeped when the temperature was <36.5°C; 68 episodes of hypothermia using TempWatch were recorded in 51 infants within 6 hours of transfer to the postnatal ward. The hypothermic incidence was significantly more (p-value 0.006) during the day shift (70%) than during the night shift (30%). Conclusion: The hypothermia alert BEMPU TempWatch was useful to detect hypothermia in healthy term neonates.","PeriodicalId":31116,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Neonatal Medicine and Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71265397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study on Seroprevalence of Hepatotropic Viruses in Neonatal Cholestasis Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital of Central India","authors":"N. Perumal, D. Chaurasia, R. K. Jain, Jyostna Srivastava","doi":"10.7860/ijnmr/2021/45661.2292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/ijnmr/2021/45661.2292","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Neonatal Cholestasis (NC) is defined as conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia in infancy, Diverse aetiologies and several disorders are responsible for this hepatobiliary dysfunction. Hepatotropic viral infection may have an important role in the pathogenesis of NC and related clinical outcomes. Aim: This study was aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of the hepatotropic viruses and their possible role in neonates presenting with cholestatic jaundice. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 51 infants who presented with cholestatic jaundice. Serum samples were collected and screened for the hepatotropic viruses. The presence of serological markers to Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), Hepatitis C (HCV), Hepatitis E (HEV), Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) and Rubella were tested using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) serostatus was determined by using rapid card tests. Results: Of the 51 cases, 4 (7.6%) patients presented with biliary atresia. Seroprevalence of CMV (23.5%) was found to be more predominant followed by EBV (13.7%), HCV (5.8%), HEV (5.8%), HSV (1.9%) and Rubella (1.9%). Co-infections were found in 7 (13.7%) cases and CMV-EBV co-infection being the most common. Conclusion: The presence of specific serological markers to hepatotropic viruses in the NC cases strongly suggests their aetiological role in this disorder. To the best of the knowledge, this is the first report documenting the seroprevalence of hepatotropic viruses in NC patients from Central India.","PeriodicalId":31116,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Neonatal Medicine and Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71265515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Procalcitonin and C-Reactive Protein in the Early Diagnosis of Neonatal Sepsis","authors":"Sumedha Yadav, M. Sharif, A. Saxena, S. Kolhe, D. Dhole","doi":"10.7860/ijnmr/2021/48641.2295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/ijnmr/2021/48641.2295","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Neonatal Sepsis (NS) is responsible for 30-50% of total neonatal deaths in developing countries. Blood culture is gold standard diagnostic test but has a low yield and is the time consuming. C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and Procalcitonin (PCT) are commonly used for diagnosis of sepsis. Aim: To study the role of CRP and PCT in the screening of NS and to compare PCT and CRP in relation to sensitivity, specificity and accuracy. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted inatertiarycareNeonatalIntensiveCareUnit(NICU)fromFebruary 2018 and November 2019. Neonates with signs and symptoms of sepsis or born to mothers with risk factors for sepsis were included. Those who received antibiotic before admission or had co-morbidities such as meconium aspiration, birth asphyxia, etc., were excluded. Investigations for sepsis including Complete Blood Count (CBC), CRP, PCT and Blood Culture were done. They were classified into three groups as group 1 clinical sepsis, group 2 suspected sepsis and group 3 confirmed sepsis. The statistical test used was Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test and tests for sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value were also used. Results: The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of CRP and PCT versus culture report were evaluated. The sensitivity was 61.90% and 90.47%, specificity was 72.45% and 82.75%, PPV was 61.90% and 79.16% and NPV was 72.45% and 92.30% for CRP and PCT, respectively. The accuracy of the test was 68.00% and 86.00% for CRP and PCT, respectively. Conclusion: PCT is a better septic marker than CRP in relation to sensitivity, specificity and accuracy and correlates positively with blood culture.","PeriodicalId":31116,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Neonatal Medicine and Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71265535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple Bone Fractures in a Neonate with Osteogenesis Imperfecta: A Case Report","authors":"Rakesh Kumar, Prerna Chamoli","doi":"10.7860/ijnmr/2021/49205.2302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/ijnmr/2021/49205.2302","url":null,"abstract":"Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) is characterised by increased bone fractures. It is clinically and genetically a heterozygous disease of connective tissues. OI type 3 is the most severe, non lethal form which is caused by the mutation of caused by mutation of procollagen type1 A1 or A2(COL1A1 or COL1A2) genes. A one-day-old male baby with respiratory distress and multiple limb deformities was presented to the paediatric emergency department. The head appeared unduly large in comparison to the body and the anterior, posterior and lateral fontanelle were wide open. Sclera did not appear blue. Both upper limbs appeared short and stubby with diffuse swelling in the left arm. Both lower limbs appeared curved and were held in a frog-like position. Infantogram showed multiple calvarial fractures in the skull, multiple rib fractures, fracture of left humerus, bilateral ulna, left femur and there were multiple areas with callus formation suggestive of intrauterine fractures. There was no history of trauma during birth. Clinical diagnosis of OI was made and the neonate was managed medically. Genetic analysis could not be done owing to financial constraints. In conclusion, a high index of suspicion and careful clinical and radiological evaluation can identify very rare hereditary abnormalities like OI.","PeriodicalId":31116,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Neonatal Medicine and Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71265839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Hyponatraemia among Paediatric Patients having Lower Respiratory Tract Infections Visiting a Tertiary Care Centre","authors":"S. Akshatha","doi":"10.7860/ijnmr/2021/46884.2287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/ijnmr/2021/46884.2287","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Serious health risks arise from Lower Respiratory Tract Infections (LRTI). In particular, this infection is very evident in children among less than 5 years of age group, who require hospital admission and sadly contributes to the thirty percent of annual deaths worldwide. Aim: To evaluate the incidence of Hyponatremia in Lower Respiratory Tract Infections among paediatric patients less than five years. Materials and Methods: The prospective study was conducted from January 2019 To February 2020. All patients having quantifiable indications evocative of heightened lower respiratory tract infectivity were assessed in detail at hospital, on Inpatient Department (IPD) basis. Patients having serum sodium value <135 mEq/L were assessed for Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion (SIADH) with the refrigerated sample of urine and the second serum sample. Estimation of the following parameters was done in these patients-blood urea, blood glucose, urinary sodium, serum creatinine, serum osmolality, urinary creatinine, urinary urea, and urine osmolality. Results: Fifty eight of the total numbers had hyponatremia that ranges to the 38.66% of the total count. Out of these cases, forty nine, comprising a total percentage of 84.4% were due to SIADH. Out of the total 59 hyponatremic cases, four were suggested to have difficulty in the form of seizures followed by altered sensorium that comprise 12.12% of the total figures. Conclusion: Existence of hyponatraemia in LRTIs further increases the morbidity in the affected children in the form of extended hospital stay and incidence of seizure attacks, followed by deranged sensorium, in a number of cases. Hence, children admitted for LRTIs should be assessed not just clinically, but also for their serum levels sodium at the time of hospital admission.","PeriodicalId":31116,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Neonatal Medicine and Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71265259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepaticojejunostomy vs. Hepaticoduodenostomy after Excision of Choledochal Cyst in Paediatric Population- A Retrospective Study","authors":"G. Deep, Suhitha Gajanthody, Ashraf Ahmad, B. Harishchandra","doi":"10.7860/ijnmr/2021/52710.2316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/ijnmr/2021/52710.2316","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Choledochal cyst is a rare congenital anomaly of the bile duct with female predominance. Surgical excision of the choledochal cyst with hepaticoduodenostomy or hepaticojejunostomy is the standard of care in the last few decades. Many surgeons favour hepaticojejunostomy. Aim: To evaluate the outcomes of open hepaticoduodenostomy vs. hepaticojejunostomy procedure in excision of choledochal cyst in paediatric population. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study conducted from January 2015 to December 2019 on data of 16 paediatric patients who underwent choledochal cyst excision with biliary reconstruction in a tertiary health institute. The data of these patients were collected from Medical Records Department (MRD) on type of surgery performed, mean operating time, postoperative hospital stay, the onset of oral feeds and complications associated with the surgery and were analysed and evaluated in July 2021. All statistical analyses were performed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0. A p-value of <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: A total of 16 patients (5 males and 11 females) were included, out of them 9 (56%) had undergone hepaticoduodenostomy and 7 (44%) had undergone hepaticojejunostomy. The most common typeofcholedochalcystwasType1(n=7,43.7%).Operativetimewas longer for the hepaticojejunostomy than the hepaticoduodenostomy (212.86±31.33 vs 88.89±15.16 min; p-value 0.001). Patients who underwent hepaticoduodenostomy early feeds were started as compared to the hepaticojejunostomy (2.22 vs 5.29 days; p-value 0.001). Hospital stay was longer with the hepaticojejunostomy than the hepaticoduodenostomy (14.71±7.76 days vs 8.11±4.48 days; p-value 0.05). There were three complications (biliary enteric fistula that opened into the anterior abdominal wall at the previous surgical site incision, jejunal stump formed the fistulous tract with high output bile leak and surgical site infection was noted) in total noted in both groups. Conclusion: The present study concluded that hepaticoduodenostomy had a better outcome in factors such as operating time, the onset of feeds and hospital stay than with the hepaticojejunostomy.","PeriodicalId":31116,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Neonatal Medicine and Research","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71265584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morbidity and Mortality Profile among Low Birth Weight Neonates- A Cross-sectional Study from Jalandhar, India","authors":"Balbir Singh, J. Singh, Jaskaran Singh, Manmeet Kaur, Raaghvi Kohli, Garima Chawla, .. Sonakshi","doi":"10.7860/ijnmr/2021/50301.2314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/ijnmr/2021/50301.2314","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: World Health Organisation (WHO) has defined Low Birth Weight (LBW) as weight at birth of fewer than 2,500 grams in the first hour of delivery. This practical cut-off for international comparison is based on epidemiological observations that infants weighing less than 2,500 gm are approximately 20 times more likely to die than babies with a normal birth weight. LBW is closely associated with neonatal and infant mortality and morbidity and stifled growth and cognitive development of children. Aim: To know the aetiological profile and outcome of admitted Low birth weight babies in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Materials and Methods: The present study was hospital based retrospective study conducted on 610 neonates admitted in NICU at a teaching hospital, Punjab Institute of Medical Sciences, Jalandhar, from January 2019 to December 2019. Neonate with birth weight less than 2500 gm and less than 28 days old were included in the study. The total subjects were divided into three groups- Group 1: Extremely Low Birth Weight (ELBW) <1000 gm; Group 2: Very Low Birth Weight (VLBW): 1000- <1500 gm; Group 3: Low Birth Weight (LBW): 1500-<2500 gm. All the babies were investigated and managed as per standard hospital protocol. Data recorded were: demographic profile, aetiology, morbidity and mortality among LBW babies. Data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences(SPSS) version 21.0 using standard statistical tests. Results: Total number of LBW babies registered in the study was 610. Among them, weight of 72 (11.8%) of neonates were <1000 g (Group 1), 208 (34.1%) were weighed 1000-<1500 g (Group 2) and 330 (54.1%) were weighed between 1500-<2500 g (Group 3). The mortality rate was 3.77%. The major causes of admission observed in neonates were sepsis (45.2%), hyperbilirubinemia (29.5%), apnoea (24.2%), hypoglycaemia (21.9%) and respiratory distress (17.2%). Highest mortality was observed amongst cases with Extremely Low Birth Weight (ELBW) (p<0.01). Two neonates out of total subjects 19 (3.1%) diagnosed with necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) succumbed to death, both belonging to group 1. Conclusion: The leading cause of morbidity and mortality in LBW babies were sepsis and Necrotising Enterocolitis (NEC) so we need to address this problem more effectively.","PeriodicalId":31116,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Neonatal Medicine and Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71265703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Cohort Study on Survival Predictors of Low Birth Weight Newborns","authors":"Ningshen Themyaola, R. Navale, A. L. Bairwa","doi":"10.7860/ijnmr/2021/49152.2304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7860/ijnmr/2021/49152.2304","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Low Birth Weight (LBW) represent a vulnerable group of newborns associated with high risk of complications thus have a high mortality rate. There are many factors affecting the early survival of LBW neonates. There are limited studies providing the evidence on survival predictors in the newborns in western Indian region. Aim: To identify the various factors determining the survival of LBW newborns. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective cohort study conducted in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of the Department of Paediatrics, Jay Kay Lon Mother and Child Hospital, a neonatal and paediatric tertiary care centre attached to Government Medical College, Kota, India over a period from January 2011 to December 2011. Three hundred and sixty two newborns, admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit with birth weight <2500 gm within 24 hours of birth, were included in the study. Data were interpreted by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Software for windows version 20.0. Those babies that were transferred and directly discharged to home were pooled as survivors and for the purpose of analysis were compared to babies that died during hospital stay. Associations between categorical variables and survival and death outcome were performed using the Chi-Square test. The p-value less than or equal to 0.05 was considered significant. Results: This study of total sample of 362 newborns, reported a survival rate of 76.52% (277) and a mortality of 23.48% (85). Single gestation birth had better survival (78.69%) than multiple births (64.91%) (p=0.024). The survival improved as the birth weight increased (p<0.001). The survival in female was better (82.31%) as compared to males (72.56%) (p=0.032). The survival in Appropriate for Gestational Age (AGA) newborns was better (79.85%) than Small for Gestational Age (SGA) (67.68%) (p=0.0149). Neonates delivered to mothers who received antenatal steroids had a survival rate of 76.14% as compared to 68.13% in those who had not received steroids (p<0.02). Main cause of mortality in the study group was Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) (86.36%) followed by Birth Asphyxia (BA) (33.33%) and Necrotising Enterocolitis (NEC) (33.33%). Conclusion: The BA and RDS were the most common cause of neonatal mortality among various other complications related to prematurity and LBW. However, there are several factors that interplay and it is not possible to single out any particular factor influencing LBW survival. Reducing perinatal mortality requires a multidimensional approach with timely identification and appropriate management of the issues related to potential complications of prematurity as RDS, LBW and BA.","PeriodicalId":31116,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Neonatal Medicine and Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71265789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}