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Memorializing monuments: State space and state rollback under neo-liberalization in Mexico 纪念纪念碑:墨西哥新自由化下的国家空间与国家倒退
Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1386/aps_00059_1
A. Morton
Recent contributions to urban geography have considered state space by innovatively focusing on specific cases of the city built environment. Examples could include here Karl Schlögel’s slicing through the spaces of state power in Moscow 1937 or Yuri Slezkine’s methodological cue to read the saga of the Russian Revolution across time in The House of Government. This article adds to the methodological insights of urban researchers by honing in on the Monument to the Revolution in Mexico City, in order to consider its role as a socially produced, conflictual and dynamically changing site in the struggle over public space and its memorialization. Since its opening in 1938, the Monument to the Revolution at Plaza de la República has been a pivotal fulcrum of state power in abetting the changing geography of state space. Equally, the site has experienced contradictions and differences stemming from socially produced space across time, in the form of periods of state crisis and, most recently, state ‘rollback’ and ‘rollout’ under neo-liberalization. This article addresses both neo-liberalizing and differential structures of feeling as they bear on the space at the Monument to the Revolution. It does so by situating the Monument to the Revolution within the urban question and how neo-liberalization has unlocked local and aesthetic meanings that have become commodified, not least through the extraction of monopoly rents. Further, the article spotlights simultaneous contemporary contestations of state power and impulses of socio-spatial struggle over difference articulated in and around Plaza de la República at the monument. In so doing, the article contributes an important pedagogical focus on both homogenizing and differential structures of feeling inscribed in spaces of capitalism in the twenty-first century.
最近对城市地理学的贡献通过创新地关注城市建筑环境的具体案例来考虑状态空间。例子可以包括卡尔Schlögel在1937年莫斯科的国家权力空间的切割,或者尤里·斯雷兹金的方法提示,在政府的议院中阅读俄国革命的传奇。本文通过对墨西哥城革命纪念碑的研究,增加了城市研究人员的方法论见解,以考虑其在公共空间及其纪念斗争中作为社会生产,冲突和动态变化的场所的作用。自1938年开放以来,位于Plaza de la República的革命纪念碑一直是国家权力的关键支点,以教唆性地改变国家空间的地理位置。同样,该网站也经历了矛盾和差异,这些矛盾和差异源于跨越时间的社会生产空间,以国家危机时期的形式,以及最近在新自由化下的国家“回滚”和“推出”。这篇文章讨论了新自由主义和不同的感觉结构,因为它们对革命纪念碑的空间有影响。它通过将革命纪念碑置于城市问题中,以及新自由化如何释放已经商品化的地方和美学意义来实现这一点,尤其是通过榨取垄断租金。此外,这篇文章同时强调了国家权力的当代争论和社会空间斗争的冲动,在纪念碑的Plaza de la República及其周围表达了差异。在这样做的过程中,这篇文章对21世纪资本主义空间中情感的同质化和差异结构做出了重要的教学关注。
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引用次数: 1
The case for creative folklore in pedagogical practice 创造性民俗学在教学实践中的案例
Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1386/aps_00061_1
Kathryn Starnes
The political question of who can produce knowledge and how we delineate epistemological standards without reproducing epistemic marginalization is central to critical pedagogy in international relations (IR) scholarship. While critical pedagogies often attempt to enact an emancipatory agenda, they largely rely on the educator as knowledge (re)producer and student as passive consumer, with little to say on what it means to be emancipated, the oppressions at stake or the means of enacting this project. Drawing on Simon Bronner’s definition of folklore, this article explores folklore as a creative practice allowing us to explore who the ‘folk’ are in the process of teaching and how we constitute disciplinary ‘lore’ to incite students to revise and reflect on disciplinary boundaries. The article focuses on IR pedagogy as a creative practice, arguing that deploying a folklore lens allows us to challenge the uncritical reproduction of disciplinary boundaries.
谁能产生知识以及我们如何在不再现认知边缘化的情况下描绘认识论标准的政治问题,是国际关系(IR)奖学金中批判性教育学的核心。虽然批判性教学法经常试图制定一项解放议程,但它们在很大程度上依赖于作为知识(再)生产者的教育者和作为被动消费者的学生,而很少谈及解放的意义、利害攸关的压迫或实施这一项目的手段。本文借鉴西蒙·布朗纳(Simon Bronner)对民俗学的定义,将民俗学作为一种创造性的实践来探讨,让我们探索教学过程中的“民间”是谁,以及我们如何构成学科的“爱”来激发学生对学科边界的修正和反思。本文将IR教学法作为一种创造性的实践,认为运用民间传说的视角使我们能够挑战学科边界的不加批判的再生产。
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引用次数: 2
Allowing ourselves to follow our bodies: Cultivating student curiosity via sensorily-oriented modes of teaching 让我们跟随我们的身体:通过感性导向的教学模式培养学生的好奇心
Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1386/aps_00062_1
Ian Bruff
This article addresses the themes animating the Special Issue from the other side of the coin, namely the notion of aestheticizing political pedagogies. This reflects the direction of travel in some sections of politics and international relations scholarship, where there has been an upsurge of interest in aesthetics and especially popular culture. While there have been valuable contributions on teaching within such work, there has been a lack of sustained reflection on how, for example, a more aesthetically informed pedagogical practice can help us encourage students to think critically in creative ways. There has also been a rather bloodless account of aesthetics, diverting attention away from its visceral essence. Taking inspiration from the writings of Matt Davies on aesthetics, Jennifer Mason on the sensory and Cynthia Enloe on curiosity and surprise, the article explores the potential for aestheticizing political pedagogies to be mobilized in purposeful, strategic ways for enhancing the capacity of students to think critically and creatively. More specifically, I discuss how sensorily-oriented modes of teaching can disrupt entanglements between students’ ways of knowing and experiencing the world and their ‘objective’ understandings of politics, society, culture and so on. Three examples from my own teaching practice are discussed, all rooted in my utilization of extreme metal music with the aim of cultivating curiosity among students about their topics.
本文从硬币的另一面,即审美化政治教育学的概念,来探讨本期特刊的主题。这反映了政治和国际关系学术的某些领域的发展方向,这些领域对美学,尤其是流行文化的兴趣高涨。虽然在这些工作中对教学做出了有价值的贡献,但缺乏对如何进行持续的反思,例如,更具美学知识的教学实践可以帮助我们鼓励学生以创造性的方式进行批判性思考。对美学也有一种相当不流血的描述,将人们的注意力从其内在本质上转移开。从马特·戴维斯(Matt Davies)关于美学的著作、詹妮弗·梅森(Jennifer Mason)关于感官的著作和辛西娅·恩洛(Cynthia Enloe)关于好奇心和惊喜的著作中获得灵感,本文探讨了将政治教育学审美化的潜力,以有目的的、战略性的方式动员起来,以提高学生批判性和创造性思维的能力。更具体地说,我讨论了以感性为导向的教学模式如何破坏学生认识和体验世界的方式与他们对政治、社会、文化等的“客观”理解之间的纠缠。本文讨论了我自己教学实践中的三个例子,这些例子都源于我对极端金属音乐的运用,目的是培养学生对主题的好奇心。
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引用次数: 2
Faces places: Countermapping art, subalternities and counterpublics 面对场所:反映射艺术、次选择和反公众
Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1386/aps_00058_1
Maria Simeona Martinez, Joseph Palis
This article is a critical reflection on our forays in the curatorial practice and exposition in March 2018 for a map art exhibit called Faces Places: Mapping Embodiments held at the University of the Philippines campus in Diliman. The exhibit was an exposition of different and alternative forms of mapping through the works of three Filipino artists: Mideo Cruz, Cian Dayrit and Mark Salvatus. We analysed their interventions in making visible the progressive geographies inherent in the everyday lifeworlds of Filipinos. Drawing from Nancy Fraser’s subaltern counterpublics, we argue that their artistic outputs are forms of counter-mapping vignettes that allow the possibility to illuminate the voices and habitus of the sifted and the excluded as new cartographical interventions intended for critical reflection and pedagogy. The art maps and countermaps of the artists evoked different responses that broadened and expanded understanding beyond what maps are, which allowed us to further interrogate the power structures that define world order through time. The production of new knowledges was derived not only from analysing the textual and symbolic aspects of the artistic countermaps but also with the processual aspect of art-making as emancipatory politics.
这篇文章是我们对2018年3月在菲律宾大学迪利曼校区举办的名为“Faces Places: Mapping emboments”的地图艺术展览的策展实践和展览的批判性反思。该展览通过三位菲律宾艺术家:Mideo Cruz、ian Dayrit和Mark Salvatus的作品,展示了不同和替代形式的地图绘制。我们分析了他们的干预措施,使菲律宾人日常生活世界中固有的进步地理可见。从南希·弗雷泽(Nancy Fraser)的下层反公众作品中,我们认为他们的艺术产出是反映射的小插图形式,可以照亮被筛选者和被排除者的声音和习惯,作为新的制图干预措施,旨在进行批判性反思和教育学。艺术家的艺术地图和反地图引发了不同的反应,拓宽和扩展了对地图之外的理解,这使我们能够进一步质疑定义世界秩序的权力结构。新知识的产生不仅来源于对艺术反映射的文本和符号方面的分析,而且来源于作为解放政治的艺术创作的过程方面。
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引用次数: 0
Teaching urban spaces and world politics: Perdido Street Station and pedagogies of production 城市空间与世界政治教学:佩尔迪多街车站与生产教学法
Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1386/aps_00060_1
M. Davies
This article explores teaching international politics, international political economy (IPE) and urbanism through a reading of China Miéville’s novel, Perdido Street Station. The novel as an artefact of popular culture affords a critical encounter with the production of space for students of international politics and IPE. Departing from prevailing approaches to understanding the urban in relation to the international that tend to focus on networks and circulation, the article offers a reading of the novel as demonstrating the production of space. The article links a critique of the hierarchical relations between teacher and student to critiques of the subordination of labour to design and planning, both of which render invisible the work of producing knowledge and space. Through an analysis of the political struggles over the formal and real subsumption of labour in Perdido Street Station, the article argues that studying the politics of urbanism in relation to the international through artefacts of popular culture can disrupt the invisibility of work.
本文通过阅读中国·米萨梅维尔的小说《佩尔迪多街车站》来探讨国际政治、国际政治经济学和城市主义的教学。小说作为流行文化的人工制品,为国际政治和国际政治经济学的学生提供了与生产空间的批判性相遇。从理解城市与国际关系的主流方法出发,倾向于关注网络和流通,本文提供了对小说的阅读,以展示空间的生产。这篇文章将对教师和学生之间等级关系的批评与对劳动从属于设计和规划的批评联系起来,这两者都使生产知识和空间的工作变得不可见。通过对Perdido街车站对劳动的正式和真实包容的政治斗争的分析,本文认为,通过流行文化的人工制品来研究与国际相关的城市主义政治可以打破工作的隐形性。
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引用次数: 0
Guerrilla art in the city: Urban and social revitalization 城市中的游击艺术:城市与社会的复兴
Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1386/aps_00057_1
Enrica Lovaglio, Manuel Scortichini
Without a permit, a masterplan, or corporate or public funding, artists have evaded conventional norms to accomplish a feat: the urban and socio-economic revitalization of abandoned or depressed cities worldwide. In Rio’s favelas and America’s impoverished suburbs, artists are the political force that promotes local economies, defines collective identities, gives people a sense of belonging, while covering the land with beauty. To act at the city’s scale, artists teach their craft to the locals and use art to empower the community, and unveil needed urban policies, bringing economic development, expertise and collaborative action. As a result, public art becomes instrumental for infusing new life in marginalized neighbourhoods, and the city becomes the ideal canvas for free expression without bureaucracy. This article is a bird’s eye view of two public art interventions that have highlighted the political and pedagogical implications of a citizen-design approach to urban renewal. Ultimately, it is a call for artists to activate as impactful makers of urban transformations.
没有许可证,没有总体规划,没有企业或公共资金,艺术家们避开了传统规范,完成了一项壮举:为世界各地被遗弃或萧条的城市带来城市和社会经济的复兴。在里约的贫民窟和美国贫困的郊区,艺术家是促进当地经济、定义集体身份、赋予人们归属感的政治力量,同时让这片土地充满美感。为了在城市的规模上发挥作用,艺术家们向当地人传授他们的手艺,并用艺术赋予社区权力,并揭示所需的城市政策,带来经济发展、专业知识和合作行动。因此,公共艺术成为边缘化社区注入新生活的工具,城市成为没有官僚主义的自由表达的理想画布。这篇文章是对两种公共艺术干预的鸟瞰图,它们突出了公民设计方法对城市更新的政治和教育意义。最终,它呼吁艺术家们作为城市转型的有影响力的创造者而活跃起来。
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引用次数: 0
Conflictual sociability? A paradoxical approach to politicized street theatre 矛盾的社交能力?政治化街头戏剧的矛盾方法
Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1386/aps_00056_1
Antoinette Burchill
In Agonistics (2013), Chantal Mouffe highlights sociability and notes its potential for artists in devising agonistic counter-hegemonic performances. However, sociability as an isolated factor is unlikely to produce politicized dissent. Instead, therefore, a politicized form of conflictual sociability is created by applying Mouffe’s notion of a ‘conflictual consensus’ (an agreement between opponents to disagree) to art practice. By applying paradoxical thinking to the performance of dissent in the public realm, the article argues for sociability in service of politicized critique. The potential of conflictual sociability is examined through guerrilla street theatre performances, an artform with the capacity to generate unauthorized and participatory incursions into the urban public realm. Firstly, via autoethnographic reflections upon a practice-based research project, The Wizard of Oz (2015) performed in London, United Kingdom; and secondly, in analysis of Dread Scott’s Money to Burn (2010) performance in Wall Street, New York, United States. Conflictual sociability offers a novel methods-led process of engaging agonistically with passers-by (publics) and transforming them into activated participants. Because it is engaging, conflictual sociability creates spaces of public dialogue that antagonistic conflict potentially shuts down. This reveals an effective pedagogy for facilitating agonistic politicized dissent through performative practices in the public realm.
在《对抗论》(2013)中,Chantal Mouffe强调了社交性,并指出了它在设计对抗反霸权表演方面对艺术家的潜力。然而,社交作为一个孤立的因素不太可能产生政治化的异议。因此,通过将墨菲的“冲突共识”(反对者之间的不同意)概念应用于艺术实践,创造了一种政治化形式的冲突社交。通过将悖论思维应用于公共领域的异议表现,本文论证了为政治化批评服务的社交性。通过游击街头戏剧表演,一种能够产生未经授权和参与性入侵城市公共领域的艺术形式,检查了冲突社交的潜力。首先,通过对一个基于实践的研究项目的自我民族志反思,《绿野仙踪》(2015)在英国伦敦演出;其次,分析Dread Scott的《Money to Burn》(2010)在美国纽约华尔街的表现。冲突性社交提供了一种新颖的方法主导的过程,与路人(公众)积极接触,并将他们转化为活跃的参与者。因为它是迷人的,冲突的社交创造了公共对话的空间,而对抗性冲突可能会关闭。这揭示了一种有效的教学方法,通过公共领域的表演实践来促进敌对的政治化异议。
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引用次数: 0
Feeling political 感觉政治
Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1386/aps_00063_1
C. Dannreuther
By exploring some of the challenges of teaching a radical politics in the neo-liberal university, the article looks to the writings of radical pedagogues like Freire and Giroux to position hope as an important resource for critical pedagogy for teachers. Drawing on Coole’s work on Merleau-Ponty, the article examines the potential of a critical pedagogy that taps into the body, rather than a mind, as a vessel for capturing hope and thus as a way of opening up a new resource for linking hope to educational practice. These resources are discussed in relation to debates concerning the politics of artistic practices, particularly with regard to how an embodied pedagogy might work around the constraints imposed by neo-liberal universities. Three themes are identified as warranting further discussion for an embodied pedagogy and their implications are reflected upon. These relate to how we view the student as embodying hope, how we view the classroom as a place of rich connections and how we capture learning through richness and reflection. The United Kingdom is the focus of the article, but there is a wider relevance given ongoing global trends in and debates about higher education.
通过探索在新自由主义大学中教授激进政治的一些挑战,本文着眼于像弗莱雷和吉鲁这样的激进教育家的著作,将希望定位为教师批判性教育学的重要资源。根据库尔对梅洛-庞蒂的研究,这篇文章探讨了一种批判性教学法的潜力,这种教学法利用身体,而不是思想,作为捕捉希望的容器,从而开辟了一种将希望与教育实践联系起来的新资源。这些资源与有关艺术实践政治的辩论有关,特别是关于具象化教学法如何在新自由主义大学施加的限制下工作。三个主题被确定为值得进一步讨论的具体教学法,并反映了他们的影响。这些关系到我们如何看待学生是希望的化身,我们如何看待教室是一个丰富联系的地方,以及我们如何通过丰富和反思来捕捉学习。英国是这篇文章的重点,但鉴于高等教育正在进行的全球趋势和辩论,它具有更广泛的相关性。
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引用次数: 2
Paying it forward to end period poverty in Aotearoa/New Zealand: Pedagogies and politics of care, community, and academic activism 为结束奥特罗阿/新西兰的贫困而付出:关怀、社区和学术行动主义的教学法和政治
Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1386/aps_00055_1
Maja Zonjić, Caitlin Baker-Wanhalla, S. Cooper, Olivia Dobbs, Romy Gellen, Charlotte Hawkins
Period poverty is a significant issue in Aotearoa/New Zealand, yet public discourses around menstruation are rare, marked by social stigma, and kept outside of university classrooms. Simultaneously, student activism is on the rise, as are critical pedagogical approaches that resist hierarchical education models and value community engagement. In this article, we draw on shared lecturer/student experiences of taking part in COMS305: Media and Social Change, a course at the University of Canterbury in 2020, during which five students started a menstrual item donation drive benefitting two local charities. Together, we reflect on the initiative and wrestle with a number of questions arising from it before offering future recommendations.
经期贫困是新西兰的一个重要问题,但关于月经的公开讨论很少,这是社会耻辱的标志,并且被排除在大学教室之外。与此同时,学生行动主义也在上升,抵制等级制教育模式和重视社区参与的批判性教学方法也在上升。在这篇文章中,我们分享了参加2020年坎特伯雷大学COMS305:媒体与社会变革课程的讲师/学生的经验,在这门课程中,五名学生发起了一项月经用品捐赠活动,使两家当地慈善机构受益。在提出今后的建议之前,我们一起对这项倡议进行了反思,并努力解决由此产生的一些问题。
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引用次数: 0
Art, politics, pedagogy: Juxtaposing, discomfiting, disrupting 艺术、政治、教育学:并列、不安、扰乱
Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1386/aps_00054_1
Ian Bruff, M. Jordan
In this opening essay we explain the rationale for the Special Issue, the first of two on the theme of ‘politicizing artistic pedagogies’. In doing so, we outline the connections between this collection of articles and those in the next issue of Art & the Public Sphere while also stressing the distinctive, societal scope of the present issue. The article considers some themes of particular relevance for this edited collection. For example, we discuss our understanding of art, politics and pedagogy and draw on Juliet Hooker’s work on juxtaposition to advocate the benefits of discomfiting yet welcome disruptions to our more established ways of thinking and practising. This is often narrated in a biographical style, which enables us to highlight how we, from rather different backgrounds, came to collaborate at various points over the last decade and how this manifested in a noteworthy and instructive teaching experience for Ian when invited to deliver two seminar sessions for Mel’s students. Overall, we promote a pluralistic and inclusive approach to the notion of ‘politicizing artistic pedagogies’ but make sure, in the process, to outline where we depart from more established positions (such as on pedagogy and on art’s function). Finally, we briefly introduce the articles that comprise the Special Issue.
在这篇开篇文章中,我们解释了特刊的基本原理,这是关于“政治化艺术教育学”主题的两篇文章中的第一篇。在这样做的过程中,我们概述了这一系列文章与下期《艺术与公共领域》的文章之间的联系,同时也强调了本期独特的社会范围。文章考虑了一些特别相关的主题,为这个编辑的集合。例如,我们讨论了我们对艺术、政治和教育学的理解,并借鉴了朱丽叶·胡克(Juliet Hooker)关于并置的工作,以倡导对我们更成熟的思维和实践方式进行令人不安但又欢迎破坏的好处。这通常以传记的方式叙述,这使我们能够强调我们来自不同背景的人如何在过去十年中在不同的时间点进行合作,以及当Ian受邀为Mel的学生提供两次研讨会时,这种合作如何在Ian值得注意和有益的教学经验中得到体现。总的来说,我们提倡一种多元化和包容性的方法来实现“艺术教育学政治化”的概念,但在这个过程中,我们要确保概述我们与更成熟的立场(如教育学和艺术的功能)的区别。最后,我们将简要介绍本期特刊的文章。
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引用次数: 2
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Art & the Public Sphere
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