Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2013.76
R. Damiano, Antonio Lieto
In this paper, we describe the narrative ontological model encompassed in the Labyrinth system. The aim of the system is to allow users to explore a digital archive by following the narrative relations among the resources contained in it. Targeted at cultural heritage applications, the Labyrinth project relies on the notion of "cultural archetype", i.e., a core representation encompassing archetypical stories and characters, exploited as a conceptual framework for the access to archives of heterogeneous media objects. In particular, we describe how the system leverages various types of ontological reasoning to let narrative relations emerge between artworks, and exemplify how these relations are exploited by the system to provide the user with a narrative conceptual framework she or he is familiar with in the exploration of the archive.
{"title":"Ontological Representations of Narratives: a Case Study on Stories and Actions","authors":"R. Damiano, Antonio Lieto","doi":"10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2013.76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2013.76","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we describe the narrative ontological model encompassed in the Labyrinth system. The aim of the system is to allow users to explore a digital archive by following the narrative relations among the resources contained in it. Targeted at cultural heritage applications, the Labyrinth project relies on the notion of \"cultural archetype\", i.e., a core representation encompassing archetypical stories and characters, exploited as a conceptual framework for the access to archives of heterogeneous media objects. \u0000 \u0000In particular, we describe how the system leverages various types of ontological reasoning to let narrative relations emerge between artworks, and exemplify how these relations are exploited by the system to provide the user with a narrative conceptual framework she or he is familiar with in the exploration of the archive.","PeriodicalId":311534,"journal":{"name":"Workshop on Computational Models of Narrative","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130870404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2016.5
Sytske Wiegersma, Anneke M. Sools, B. Veldkamp
The growing supply of online mental health tools, platforms and treatments results in an enormous quantity of digital narrative data to be structured, analysed and interpreted. Natural Language Processing is very suitable to automatically extract textual and structural features from narratives. Visualizing these features can help to explore patterns and shifts in text content and structure. In this study, streamgraphs are developed for different types of "Letters from the Future", an online mental health promotion instrument. The visualizations show differences between as well as within the different letter types, providing directions for future research in both the visualization of narrative structure and in the field of narrative psychology. The method presented here is not limited to "Letters from the Future", the current object of study, but can in fact be used to explore any digital or digitalized textual source, like books, speech transcripts or email conversations.
{"title":"Exploring \"Letters from the Future\" by Visualizing Narrative Structure","authors":"Sytske Wiegersma, Anneke M. Sools, B. Veldkamp","doi":"10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2016.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2016.5","url":null,"abstract":"The growing supply of online mental health tools, platforms and treatments results in an enormous quantity of digital narrative data to be structured, analysed and interpreted. Natural Language Processing is very suitable to automatically extract textual and structural features from narratives. Visualizing these features can help to explore patterns and shifts in text content and structure. In this study, streamgraphs are developed for different types of \"Letters from the Future\", an online mental health promotion instrument. The visualizations show differences between as well as within the different letter types, providing directions for future research in both the visualization of narrative structure and in the field of narrative psychology. The method presented here is not limited to \"Letters from the Future\", the current object of study, but can in fact be used to explore any digital or digitalized textual source, like books, speech transcripts or email conversations.","PeriodicalId":311534,"journal":{"name":"Workshop on Computational Models of Narrative","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132864519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2013.238
Sigalit Sina, A. Rosenfeld, Sarit Kraus
In this paper we present SNACS, a novel method for creating Social Narratives that can be Adapted using information from Crowdsourcing. Previous methods for automatic narrative generation require that the primary author explicitly detail nearly all parts of the story, including details about the narrative. This is also the case for narratives within computer games, educational tools and Embodied Conversational Agents (ECA). While such narratives are well written, they clearly require significant time and cost overheads. SNACS is a hybrid narrative generation method that merges partially formed preexisting narratives with new input from crowdsourcing techniques. We compared the automatically generated narratives with those that were created solely by people, and with those that were generated semi-automatically by a state-of-the-art narrative planner. We empirically found that SNACS was effective as people found narratives generated by SNACS to be as realistic and consistent as those manually created by the people or the narrative planner. Yet, the automatically generated narratives were created with much lower time overheads and were significantly more diversified, making them more suitable for many applications.
{"title":"Social Narrative Adaptation using Crowdsourcing","authors":"Sigalit Sina, A. Rosenfeld, Sarit Kraus","doi":"10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2013.238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2013.238","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we present SNACS, a novel method for creating Social \u0000Narratives that can be Adapted using information from Crowdsourcing. \u0000Previous methods for automatic narrative generation require that the \u0000primary author explicitly detail nearly all parts of the story, \u0000including details about the narrative. This is also the case for \u0000narratives within computer games, educational tools and Embodied \u0000Conversational Agents (ECA). While such narratives are well written, \u0000they clearly require significant time and cost overheads. SNACS is a \u0000hybrid narrative generation method that merges partially formed \u0000preexisting narratives with new input from crowdsourcing techniques. \u0000We compared the automatically generated narratives with those that \u0000were created solely by people, and with those that were generated \u0000semi-automatically by a state-of-the-art narrative planner. We \u0000empirically found that SNACS was effective as people found narratives \u0000generated by SNACS to be as realistic and consistent as those manually \u0000created by the people or the narrative planner. Yet, the automatically \u0000generated narratives were created with much lower time overheads and \u0000were significantly more diversified, making them more suitable for \u0000many applications.","PeriodicalId":311534,"journal":{"name":"Workshop on Computational Models of Narrative","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127660110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2014.222
M. A. Upal
Stories containing counterintuitive concepts are prevalent in a variety of cultural forms including folktales, TV and radio commercials, and religious parables. Cognitive scientists such as Boyer suggest that this may be because counterintuitive concepts are surprising and more memorable for people and therefore are more likely to become widespread in a culture. How and why people remember such concepts has been subject of some debate. This paper presents studies designed to test predictions of the context-based model of counterintuitive story understanding.
{"title":"A Cognitive Framework for Understanding Counterintuitive Stories","authors":"M. A. Upal","doi":"10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2014.222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2014.222","url":null,"abstract":"Stories containing counterintuitive concepts are prevalent in a variety of cultural forms including folktales, TV and radio commercials, and religious parables. Cognitive scientists such as Boyer suggest that this may be because counterintuitive concepts are surprising and more memorable for people and therefore are more likely to become widespread in a culture. How and why people remember such concepts has been subject of some debate. This paper presents studies designed to test predictions of the context-based model of counterintuitive story understanding.","PeriodicalId":311534,"journal":{"name":"Workshop on Computational Models of Narrative","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115355548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2016.3
I. Mani
This paper describes qualitative spatial representations relevant to cartoon motion incorporated into NarrativeML, an annotation scheme intended to capture some of the core aspects of narrative. These representations are motivated by linguistic distinctions drawn from cross-linguistic studies. Motion is modeled in terms of transitions in spatial configurations, using an expressive dynamic logic with the manner and path of motion being derived from a few basic primitives. The manner is elaborated to represent properties of motion that bear on character affect. Such representations can potentially be used to support cartoon narrative summarization and question-answering. The paper discusses annotation challenges, and the use of computer vision to help in annotation. Work is underway on annotating a cartoon corpus in terms of this scheme.
{"title":"Animation Motion in NarrativeML","authors":"I. Mani","doi":"10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2016.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2016.3","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes qualitative spatial representations relevant to cartoon motion incorporated into NarrativeML, an annotation scheme intended to capture some of the core aspects of narrative. These representations are motivated by linguistic distinctions drawn from cross-linguistic studies. Motion is modeled in terms of transitions in spatial configurations, using an expressive dynamic logic with the manner and path of motion being derived from a few basic primitives. The manner is elaborated to represent properties of motion that bear on character affect. Such representations can potentially be used to support cartoon narrative summarization and question-answering. The paper discusses annotation challenges, and the use of computer vision to help in annotation. Work is underway on annotating a cartoon corpus in terms of this scheme.","PeriodicalId":311534,"journal":{"name":"Workshop on Computational Models of Narrative","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121924993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2014.192
Oleg Sobchuk
The paper is dedicated to the phenomenon of accentuation on multiple narrative levels. Accentuation is a textual device that indicates the elements of narrative that have to be memorized by readers. It is different from the well known notion of foregrounding, as accentuation does not violate the norm, but, on the contrary, is in itself conventional. While foregrounding draws readers' attention involuntarily, the accentuation is a way of facilitating the work of voluntary attention. In this latter case a text as if takes on itself a part of the unpleasant burden of purposeful concentrating of attention, so that the reading process becomes more comfortable. The paper describes the general principles of accentuation and also presents a typology of accentuation devices, based on a six-level model of narrative. It encompasses five main types (three syntactic ones and two semantic ones), including numerous subcategories.
{"title":"Multilevel Accentuation and its Role in the Memorization of Narrative","authors":"Oleg Sobchuk","doi":"10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2014.192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2014.192","url":null,"abstract":"The paper is dedicated to the phenomenon of accentuation on multiple narrative levels. Accentuation is a textual device that indicates the elements of narrative that have to be memorized by readers. It is different from the well known notion of foregrounding, as accentuation does not violate the norm, but, on the contrary, is in itself conventional. While foregrounding draws readers' attention involuntarily, the accentuation is a way of facilitating the work of voluntary attention. In this latter case a text as if takes on itself a part of the unpleasant burden of purposeful concentrating of attention, so that the reading process becomes more comfortable. The paper describes the general principles of accentuation and also presents a typology of accentuation devices, based on a six-level model of narrative. It encompasses five main types (three syntactic ones and two semantic ones), including numerous subcategories.","PeriodicalId":311534,"journal":{"name":"Workshop on Computational Models of Narrative","volume":"167 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132878885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2015.133
N. Szilas
The hypothesis according to which narrative is not only a prominent form of human com- munication but also a fundamental way to represent knowledge and to structure the mind has been limitedly but increasingly discussed for the last 40 years. However, in the realm of Artificial Intelligence, it did not lead to an elaborate model of knowledge representation, beyond scripts and cases. In this paper, we attempt to go further by identifying three differentiating features of narratives that may inspire novel forms of knowledge representation: transformation, conflict and unactualized events. In particular, these three features open the way for knowledge representation formalisms that take greater account of the co-existence of intertwined conflicting representations, with various validities and validity domains, beyond a purely factual representation of the world.
{"title":"Towards Narrative-Based Knowledge Representation in Cognitive Systems","authors":"N. Szilas","doi":"10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2015.133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2015.133","url":null,"abstract":"The hypothesis according to which narrative is not only a prominent form of human com- munication but also a fundamental way to represent knowledge and to structure the mind has been limitedly but increasingly discussed for the last 40 years. However, in the realm of Artificial Intelligence, it did not lead to an elaborate model of knowledge representation, beyond scripts and cases. In this paper, we attempt to go further by identifying three differentiating features of narratives that may inspire novel forms of knowledge representation: transformation, conflict and unactualized events. In particular, these three features open the way for knowledge representation formalisms that take greater account of the co-existence of intertwined conflicting representations, with various validities and validity domains, beyond a purely factual representation of the world.","PeriodicalId":311534,"journal":{"name":"Workshop on Computational Models of Narrative","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121835095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2014.106
Antonio Lieto, R. Damiano
In this paper we propose the adoption of a hybrid approach to the computational representation of narrative concepts, combining prototype-based and ontology-based representations. In particular we focus on the notion of narrative roles. Inspired by the characterization provided by the TvTropes wiki, where narrative devices are discussed across old and new media, we provide a representation of roles based on the integration of a set of typicality-based semantic dimensions (represented by using the Conceptual Spaces framework) with their corresponding classical characterization in terms of necessary and sufficient conditions (represented in terms of Formal Ontologies).
{"title":"A Hybrid Representational Proposal for Narrative Concepts: A Case Study on Character Roles","authors":"Antonio Lieto, R. Damiano","doi":"10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2014.106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2014.106","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we propose the adoption of a hybrid approach to the computational representation of narrative concepts, combining prototype-based and ontology-based representations. In particular we focus on the notion of narrative roles. Inspired by the characterization provided by the TvTropes wiki, where narrative devices are discussed across old and new media, we provide a representation of roles based on the integration of a set of typicality-based semantic dimensions (represented by using the Conceptual Spaces framework) with their corresponding classical characterization in terms of necessary and sufficient conditions (represented in terms of Formal Ontologies).","PeriodicalId":311534,"journal":{"name":"Workshop on Computational Models of Narrative","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131530697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2013.153
O. D. Ninan, O. A. Odejobi
Developing a coherent computational model for narratives across multiple cultures raises the question of the components and structure of a framework within which African narratives can be conceptualised and formalised. It is well known that narratives are influenced by cultural, linguistic, and cognitive factors. We identify and define entities, elements, and relations necessary for the adequate description of Yoruba narratives. We also discuss these theoretical issues in the context of designing a formal framework that is amenable to computational modelling.
{"title":"Theoretical Issues in the Computational Modelling of Yorùbá Narratives","authors":"O. D. Ninan, O. A. Odejobi","doi":"10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2013.153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2013.153","url":null,"abstract":"Developing a coherent computational model for narratives across \u0000multiple cultures raises the question of the components and structure \u0000of a framework within which African narratives can be conceptualised \u0000and formalised. It is well known that narratives are influenced by \u0000cultural, linguistic, and cognitive factors. We identify and define \u0000entities, elements, and relations necessary for the adequate \u0000description of Yoruba narratives. We also discuss these theoretical \u0000issues in the context of designing a formal framework that is amenable \u0000to computational modelling.","PeriodicalId":311534,"journal":{"name":"Workshop on Computational Models of Narrative","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133403650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2014.61
Pablo Gervás, C. León
Existing approaches to narrative construction tend to apply basic engineering principles of system design which rely on identifying the most relevant feature of the domain for the problem at hand, and postulating an initial representation of the problem space organised around such a principal feature. Some features that have been favoured in the past include: causality, linear discourse, underlying structure, and character behavior. The present paper defends the need for simultaneous consideration of as many as possible of these aspects when attempting to model the process of creating narratives, together with some mechanism for distributing the weight of the decision processes across them. Humans faced with narrative construction may shift from views based on characters to views based on structure, then consider causality, and later also take into account the shape of discourse. This behavior can be related to the process of representational re-description of constraints as described in existing literature on cognitive models of the writing task. The paper discusses how existing computational models of narrative construction address this phenomenon, and argues for a computational model of narrative explicitly based on multiple aspects.
{"title":"The Need for Multi-Aspectual Representation of Narratives in Modelling their Creative Process","authors":"Pablo Gervás, C. León","doi":"10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2014.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4230/OASIcs.CMN.2014.61","url":null,"abstract":"Existing approaches to narrative construction tend to apply basic engineering principles of system design which rely on identifying the most relevant feature of the domain for the problem at hand, and postulating an initial representation of the problem space organised around such a principal feature. Some features that have been favoured in the past include: causality, linear discourse, underlying structure, and character behavior. The present paper defends the need for simultaneous consideration of as many as possible of these aspects when attempting to model the process of creating narratives, together with some mechanism for distributing the weight of the decision processes across them. Humans faced with narrative construction may shift from views based on characters to views based on structure, then consider causality, and later also take into account the shape of discourse. This behavior can be related to the process of representational re-description of constraints as described in existing literature on cognitive models of the writing task. The paper discusses how existing computational models of narrative construction address this phenomenon, and argues for a computational model of narrative explicitly based on multiple aspects.","PeriodicalId":311534,"journal":{"name":"Workshop on Computational Models of Narrative","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133877892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：