Pub Date : 2022-10-10DOI: 10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960523
M. Elenkova, M. Asprou, L. Hadjidemetriou, C. Panayiotou
The number of non-synchronous renewables and dynamic loads is rapidly increasing, which results in a variable system inertia. Thus, accurately quantifying the contribution of the demand side to the system inertia is becoming an important aspect and can help operators to maintain the system stability. This paper proposes an online estimation method to monitor the time-varying inertia of the loads under normal operating conditions. The widely used composite load model (CLM) of Western Electricity Coordinating Council (WECC) is employed, capable of representing diverse composition and dynamic characteristics of loads, in an aggregate manner. A measurement-oriented approach is proposed to estimate the load inertia considering only ambient measurements provided by Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) during normal grid operation. The inertia estimation of load buses at the transmission level is performed using the Least Squares (LS) method. The proposed method is validated under various case studies using the 39-bus test system, where the CLM is integrated. The case studies consider scenarios with different load composition and time varying load inertia, demonstrating that the proposed method can accurately and dynamically estimate the load inertia by using only ambient PMU measurements.
{"title":"Estimation of Load Inertia using Ambient Measurements from Synchrophasor Technology","authors":"M. Elenkova, M. Asprou, L. Hadjidemetriou, C. Panayiotou","doi":"10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960523","url":null,"abstract":"The number of non-synchronous renewables and dynamic loads is rapidly increasing, which results in a variable system inertia. Thus, accurately quantifying the contribution of the demand side to the system inertia is becoming an important aspect and can help operators to maintain the system stability. This paper proposes an online estimation method to monitor the time-varying inertia of the loads under normal operating conditions. The widely used composite load model (CLM) of Western Electricity Coordinating Council (WECC) is employed, capable of representing diverse composition and dynamic characteristics of loads, in an aggregate manner. A measurement-oriented approach is proposed to estimate the load inertia considering only ambient measurements provided by Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) during normal grid operation. The inertia estimation of load buses at the transmission level is performed using the Least Squares (LS) method. The proposed method is validated under various case studies using the 39-bus test system, where the CLM is integrated. The case studies consider scenarios with different load composition and time varying load inertia, demonstrating that the proposed method can accurately and dynamically estimate the load inertia by using only ambient PMU measurements.","PeriodicalId":311595,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe (ISGT-Europe)","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115717272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-10DOI: 10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960307
P. Therapontos, C. Charalambous, P. Aristidou
The massive penetration of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) will unavoidably change the fundamental principles of Power System operation. Modern grid codes define specific capabilities and protections of DERs, mostly focused on the behaviour of the units to abrupt voltage and frequency excursions. In this paper, we use the Cyprus power system to analyze the impact of DER protections and capabilities on the bulk power system dynamic behaviour for different RES penetration levels on a low-inertia islanded system. It is demonstrated that the DER capabilities positively affect the power system frequency stability by providing active power support. On the contrary, protection mechanisms of DERs can have a negative impact on frequency stability during severe events with high RES penetrations, but the impact is significantly affected by their settings.
{"title":"Impact of Distributed Energy Resources Capabilities and Protections on Islanded Power System Frequency Stability","authors":"P. Therapontos, C. Charalambous, P. Aristidou","doi":"10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960307","url":null,"abstract":"The massive penetration of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) will unavoidably change the fundamental principles of Power System operation. Modern grid codes define specific capabilities and protections of DERs, mostly focused on the behaviour of the units to abrupt voltage and frequency excursions. In this paper, we use the Cyprus power system to analyze the impact of DER protections and capabilities on the bulk power system dynamic behaviour for different RES penetration levels on a low-inertia islanded system. It is demonstrated that the DER capabilities positively affect the power system frequency stability by providing active power support. On the contrary, protection mechanisms of DERs can have a negative impact on frequency stability during severe events with high RES penetrations, but the impact is significantly affected by their settings.","PeriodicalId":311595,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe (ISGT-Europe)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124055752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-10DOI: 10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960596
Martí Domínguez Hernàndez, Oriol Esquius Mas, M. Cheah‐Mane, E. Prieto‐Araujo, O. Gomis‐Bellmunt
Power electronics components can increase the flexibility of the distribution grid operation providing a cost-effective solution against other traditional solutions based on grid expansion. Multiport Converters are presented as a solution to interconnect multiple ports with AC and DC systems, for example to introduce storage or electric vehicle charging stations between AC feeders or microgrids. This paper presents a fault ride through control for a three-port converter connected to a low voltage AC grid. The multiport converter is based on Voltage Source Converters that share a common DC bus. In particular, two AC-DC converters are connected to AC grids and one DC-DC converter is connected to a battery storage system. Time-domain simulations of several case studies are presented to validate the suggested control structure.
{"title":"Fault Ride Through Control of Multiport Converter for Distribution Grids","authors":"Martí Domínguez Hernàndez, Oriol Esquius Mas, M. Cheah‐Mane, E. Prieto‐Araujo, O. Gomis‐Bellmunt","doi":"10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960596","url":null,"abstract":"Power electronics components can increase the flexibility of the distribution grid operation providing a cost-effective solution against other traditional solutions based on grid expansion. Multiport Converters are presented as a solution to interconnect multiple ports with AC and DC systems, for example to introduce storage or electric vehicle charging stations between AC feeders or microgrids. This paper presents a fault ride through control for a three-port converter connected to a low voltage AC grid. The multiport converter is based on Voltage Source Converters that share a common DC bus. In particular, two AC-DC converters are connected to AC grids and one DC-DC converter is connected to a battery storage system. Time-domain simulations of several case studies are presented to validate the suggested control structure.","PeriodicalId":311595,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe (ISGT-Europe)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124967313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-10DOI: 10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960630
Bahaa Eltahawy, Maria Valliou, Jirapa Kamsamrong, A. Romānovs, Tero Vartiainen, M. Mekkanen
The major trends and transformations in energy systems have brought many challenges, and cybersecurity and operational security are among the most important issues to consider. First, due to the criticality of the energy sector. Second, due to the lack of smart girds’ cybersecurity professionals. Previous research has highlighted skill gaps and shortage in cybersecurity training and education in this sector. Accordingly, we proceeded by crafting a roadmap strategy to foster cybersecurity education in smart grids. This paper outlines the methodology of teaching cybersecurity in smart grids to a large group of students in selected European universities via implementing a Massive Open Online Course. Unlike other solutions, this one focuses on hands-on practical skills without trading-off theoretical knowledge. Thus, flipped learning methodology and gamification practices were used to maximize retention rate. Also, a remote lab that includes a real-time simulator was established for training. Here, the process, outcome, and obstacles to overcome in future deployments, are presented.
{"title":"Towards A Massive Open Online Course for Cybersecurity in Smart Grids – A Roadmap Strategy","authors":"Bahaa Eltahawy, Maria Valliou, Jirapa Kamsamrong, A. Romānovs, Tero Vartiainen, M. Mekkanen","doi":"10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960630","url":null,"abstract":"The major trends and transformations in energy systems have brought many challenges, and cybersecurity and operational security are among the most important issues to consider. First, due to the criticality of the energy sector. Second, due to the lack of smart girds’ cybersecurity professionals. Previous research has highlighted skill gaps and shortage in cybersecurity training and education in this sector. Accordingly, we proceeded by crafting a roadmap strategy to foster cybersecurity education in smart grids. This paper outlines the methodology of teaching cybersecurity in smart grids to a large group of students in selected European universities via implementing a Massive Open Online Course. Unlike other solutions, this one focuses on hands-on practical skills without trading-off theoretical knowledge. Thus, flipped learning methodology and gamification practices were used to maximize retention rate. Also, a remote lab that includes a real-time simulator was established for training. Here, the process, outcome, and obstacles to overcome in future deployments, are presented.","PeriodicalId":311595,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe (ISGT-Europe)","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123120479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents the overall advantage of introducing IEC 61850 communication protocol to exchange data information and operation requests between Advance Distribution Management System (ADMS) in a control center and Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) in the field. The IEC 61850 standard defines communication protocols for IED in electrical substations. In the past 25 years, the standard has evolved, and many Distribution Power Utilities (DPU) incorporated it in their substations, primarily to lower total cost of using a device (install, configure, maintain). With the IEC 61850 standard, a real object-oriented approach for substation automation (SA) has been established and many additional benefits and values have been recognized such as automatic device discovery, standardized naming convention with power system context, eliminating device dependencies with standardized configuration, etc. While the IEC 61850 has been intensively used to communicate at a substation level, going beyond substation and establishing direct communication with the ADMS in control centers will provide more structural, stable, and cyber-secured approach. The paper describes main capabilities and characteristics of Schneider Electric EcoStruxure™ ADMS IEC 61850 communication protocol implementation. It also elaborates on how the implementation meets a utility’s use cases and reveals key benefits of utilizing the IEC61850 communication protocol in a DPU, thus helping it in the era of momentous change, decarbonization, decentralization and digitalization.
{"title":"Improving Operational Efficiency and Reducing Costs in Distribution Utility with the Use of IEC 61850 Communication Protocol","authors":"Danilo Bojović, Nebojša Obradović, Nebojša Kurjakov","doi":"10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960680","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the overall advantage of introducing IEC 61850 communication protocol to exchange data information and operation requests between Advance Distribution Management System (ADMS) in a control center and Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) in the field. The IEC 61850 standard defines communication protocols for IED in electrical substations. In the past 25 years, the standard has evolved, and many Distribution Power Utilities (DPU) incorporated it in their substations, primarily to lower total cost of using a device (install, configure, maintain). With the IEC 61850 standard, a real object-oriented approach for substation automation (SA) has been established and many additional benefits and values have been recognized such as automatic device discovery, standardized naming convention with power system context, eliminating device dependencies with standardized configuration, etc. While the IEC 61850 has been intensively used to communicate at a substation level, going beyond substation and establishing direct communication with the ADMS in control centers will provide more structural, stable, and cyber-secured approach. The paper describes main capabilities and characteristics of Schneider Electric EcoStruxure™ ADMS IEC 61850 communication protocol implementation. It also elaborates on how the implementation meets a utility’s use cases and reveals key benefits of utilizing the IEC61850 communication protocol in a DPU, thus helping it in the era of momentous change, decarbonization, decentralization and digitalization.","PeriodicalId":311595,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe (ISGT-Europe)","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127012269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-10DOI: 10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960601
Dejene Assefa Hagos
The aim of this paper is to compare the role of vehicle to grid (V2G) hydrogen fuel cell vehicle (HFCV) and battery electric vehicle (BEV) for increased integration of VRE in a low carbon neighbourhood. Microgrid model is developed for a hypothetical model community in Trondheim city of Norway to demonstrate the case. The model run minimises the total system cost and optimises the operation costs of the microgrid. The result shows that V2G BEV is the cheapest grid balancing source than V2G HFCV. Nevertheless, the contribution of the V2G BEV for residual demand and peak load reductions is limited to 2.9% and 5.4% respectively; it depends on the connection share of the V2G vehicles during parking. There is no power dispatch from the V2G HFCV in any of the scenarios. The role of the V2G BEV is threefold: (1) replaces fossil fuels in transportation, (2) provide flexibility to the VRE by balancing excess VRE production, and (3) reduces the peak load.
{"title":"Comparing the role of V2G hydrogen fuel cell and V2G electric vehicles for increased integration of VRE in a low carbon neighbourhood","authors":"Dejene Assefa Hagos","doi":"10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960601","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to compare the role of vehicle to grid (V2G) hydrogen fuel cell vehicle (HFCV) and battery electric vehicle (BEV) for increased integration of VRE in a low carbon neighbourhood. Microgrid model is developed for a hypothetical model community in Trondheim city of Norway to demonstrate the case. The model run minimises the total system cost and optimises the operation costs of the microgrid. The result shows that V2G BEV is the cheapest grid balancing source than V2G HFCV. Nevertheless, the contribution of the V2G BEV for residual demand and peak load reductions is limited to 2.9% and 5.4% respectively; it depends on the connection share of the V2G vehicles during parking. There is no power dispatch from the V2G HFCV in any of the scenarios. The role of the V2G BEV is threefold: (1) replaces fossil fuels in transportation, (2) provide flexibility to the VRE by balancing excess VRE production, and (3) reduces the peak load.","PeriodicalId":311595,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe (ISGT-Europe)","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114464302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-10DOI: 10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960560
Manuel Párraga Meneses, A. F. Jaimes, José Vuelvas Quintana
Water-energy microgrids are regarded as a viable approach for generating well-being conditions and development in remote areas, such as the rancherías of Colombia’s La Guajira region. Water and energy generation, storage, and management systems can be combined to form this microgrids. In this sense, this work proposes two optimal sizing and management models, which consider the relationship between water and energy (nexus) through a storage system with a hydropump. The proposed optimization models are deterministic and stochastic, both in two stages; in the first, the size of the installed renewable energy is minimized, while in the second, the drinking water generated by a desalination system is minimized, all while managing resources over a time horizon and different scenarios. Similarly, users with different water and energy requirements are interconnected, and variations in user consumption are compensated with the hydropump system, ensuring the microgrid’s equilibrium over the time horizon. Linear and stochastic programming methods are used to solve the problem, whose formulations is implemented in the GAMS software. The results of the two optimization problems are compared with each other and the performance is evaluated in terms of sizing renewable energies, water production, resource management in the water-energy microgrid and costs.
{"title":"Water-energy nexus and stochastic optimization in a isolated microgrid: application in arid zones of La Guajira in Colombia","authors":"Manuel Párraga Meneses, A. F. Jaimes, José Vuelvas Quintana","doi":"10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960560","url":null,"abstract":"Water-energy microgrids are regarded as a viable approach for generating well-being conditions and development in remote areas, such as the rancherías of Colombia’s La Guajira region. Water and energy generation, storage, and management systems can be combined to form this microgrids. In this sense, this work proposes two optimal sizing and management models, which consider the relationship between water and energy (nexus) through a storage system with a hydropump. The proposed optimization models are deterministic and stochastic, both in two stages; in the first, the size of the installed renewable energy is minimized, while in the second, the drinking water generated by a desalination system is minimized, all while managing resources over a time horizon and different scenarios. Similarly, users with different water and energy requirements are interconnected, and variations in user consumption are compensated with the hydropump system, ensuring the microgrid’s equilibrium over the time horizon. Linear and stochastic programming methods are used to solve the problem, whose formulations is implemented in the GAMS software. The results of the two optimization problems are compared with each other and the performance is evaluated in terms of sizing renewable energies, water production, resource management in the water-energy microgrid and costs.","PeriodicalId":311595,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe (ISGT-Europe)","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122485145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-10DOI: 10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960377
Abhimanyu Kaushal, H. Ergun, D. Hertem
A transmission system operator requires frequency control ancillary services to ensure reliable and secure power system operation. With the increasing share of renewable generation and a decrease in the traditional resources for these services, it is crucial that the system operators can share these resources across different electricity markets in Europe. The increasing number of HVDC interconnections provides an attractive option for sharing these reserves. This paper presents a security-constrained optimal power flow based model to investigate the benefits of using HVDC systems for frequency containment reserves procurement. Different types of frequency containment reserves in the Nordic synchronous area are considered in the model. The proposed model is used on a representative test system using publicly available data to show that the use of the HVDC system results in a decrease in the cost of reserve procurement and thus leads to an increase in social welfare. The analysis shows that the availability of HVDC system capacity and reserve price influence the procurement decisions.
{"title":"Sharing frequency containment reserves with HVDC systems","authors":"Abhimanyu Kaushal, H. Ergun, D. Hertem","doi":"10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960377","url":null,"abstract":"A transmission system operator requires frequency control ancillary services to ensure reliable and secure power system operation. With the increasing share of renewable generation and a decrease in the traditional resources for these services, it is crucial that the system operators can share these resources across different electricity markets in Europe. The increasing number of HVDC interconnections provides an attractive option for sharing these reserves. This paper presents a security-constrained optimal power flow based model to investigate the benefits of using HVDC systems for frequency containment reserves procurement. Different types of frequency containment reserves in the Nordic synchronous area are considered in the model. The proposed model is used on a representative test system using publicly available data to show that the use of the HVDC system results in a decrease in the cost of reserve procurement and thus leads to an increase in social welfare. The analysis shows that the availability of HVDC system capacity and reserve price influence the procurement decisions.","PeriodicalId":311595,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe (ISGT-Europe)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133036105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-10DOI: 10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960472
Dejene Assefa Hagos, V. Novakovic
The potential contribution of non-price based demand response (specifically load shifting) and key CCHP technologies for increased integration of variable renewable energy (VRE) into a low carbon neighbourhood energy system has been investigated. Grid integrated CCHP based microgrid model is developed for a hypothetical model community in Trondheim city of Norway. The model run minimises the total system cost and optimises both the investments and operation costs while trading electricity with the main grid. The analysis is done for two distinct scenarios: (1) without load shifting and (2) with load shifting. Furthermore, in each scenario, four levels of heat pump capacity share in total heating capacity have been assumed. The results reveal that heat pump is a key heating technology in all scenarios, and the thermal contribution of hybrid solar photovoltaic thermal (PVT) is limited to 6%. The optimal VRE integration level ranges from 58% to 64%. The results also showed that, without load shifting, heat pumps enable to lower peak grid connection capacity and system cost by 33% to 47% and 12% to 14%, respectively. Whereas, with load shifting, the corresponding peak grid connection capacity and system cost reduction ranges from 42% to 92% and 13% to 17%, respectively.
{"title":"On the role of demand response and key CCHP technologies for increased integration of variable renewable energy into a microgrid","authors":"Dejene Assefa Hagos, V. Novakovic","doi":"10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960472","url":null,"abstract":"The potential contribution of non-price based demand response (specifically load shifting) and key CCHP technologies for increased integration of variable renewable energy (VRE) into a low carbon neighbourhood energy system has been investigated. Grid integrated CCHP based microgrid model is developed for a hypothetical model community in Trondheim city of Norway. The model run minimises the total system cost and optimises both the investments and operation costs while trading electricity with the main grid. The analysis is done for two distinct scenarios: (1) without load shifting and (2) with load shifting. Furthermore, in each scenario, four levels of heat pump capacity share in total heating capacity have been assumed. The results reveal that heat pump is a key heating technology in all scenarios, and the thermal contribution of hybrid solar photovoltaic thermal (PVT) is limited to 6%. The optimal VRE integration level ranges from 58% to 64%. The results also showed that, without load shifting, heat pumps enable to lower peak grid connection capacity and system cost by 33% to 47% and 12% to 14%, respectively. Whereas, with load shifting, the corresponding peak grid connection capacity and system cost reduction ranges from 42% to 92% and 13% to 17%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":311595,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe (ISGT-Europe)","volume":"28 17","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114049775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-10DOI: 10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960431
Andrija Mitrovic, L. Strezoski
With constant increase in the number of wind power plants and thus their penetration in power production, system robustness and stability have become of a high interest. Due to their advantages, doubly fed inductions machines are mainly in use as generating units in wind power plants. While rotor windings are connected to the grid over power converters, stator windings are directly connected to the grid and thus these generating units are highly sensitive to voltage disturbances. Voltage drops during faults lead to high voltages and currents on rotor side due electromagnetic coupling between stator and rotor. These voltages and currents can damage expensive power electronics on the rotor side. In the past, to save the equipment, wind power plants with doubly fed induction machines have been disconnected from the grid during faults which is unacceptable today when the high number of these plants is considered. Grid operators require from these types of power sources to have fault ride through or low voltage ride through capabilities to support the grid during low voltage periods. This paper presents an overview of the currently existing techniques developed to enable fault ride through requirements for doubly fed induction machines, and consequently their influence on modeling these power plants for fault calculation and relay protection purposes.
{"title":"Impact of existing fault protections of wind power plants with Doubly Fed Induction Machines on Fault Currents","authors":"Andrija Mitrovic, L. Strezoski","doi":"10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960431","url":null,"abstract":"With constant increase in the number of wind power plants and thus their penetration in power production, system robustness and stability have become of a high interest. Due to their advantages, doubly fed inductions machines are mainly in use as generating units in wind power plants. While rotor windings are connected to the grid over power converters, stator windings are directly connected to the grid and thus these generating units are highly sensitive to voltage disturbances. Voltage drops during faults lead to high voltages and currents on rotor side due electromagnetic coupling between stator and rotor. These voltages and currents can damage expensive power electronics on the rotor side. In the past, to save the equipment, wind power plants with doubly fed induction machines have been disconnected from the grid during faults which is unacceptable today when the high number of these plants is considered. Grid operators require from these types of power sources to have fault ride through or low voltage ride through capabilities to support the grid during low voltage periods. This paper presents an overview of the currently existing techniques developed to enable fault ride through requirements for doubly fed induction machines, and consequently their influence on modeling these power plants for fault calculation and relay protection purposes.","PeriodicalId":311595,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe (ISGT-Europe)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122878558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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