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Quantification of the Shared Energy in Energy Communities 能源社区共享能量的量化研究
Pub Date : 2022-10-10 DOI: 10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960546
Vladimir Z. Gjorgievski, Bodan Velkovski, S. Cundeva
The energy shared through collective self-consumption determines the economic savings of an energy community and the revenue losses of its electricity supplier. In this paper, we statistically explore this quantity, based on a sample of 200 hypothetical energy communities. It is found that a typical community shares (4.69 ± 1.26) % of the annual generation and demand, and, from the point of view of the electricity supplier, increases its self-consumption by (9.59 ± 2.89) %. At an annual level, the average energy shared per household is slightly lower than its average monthly electricity use. The results show that the shared energy per household increases with the size of the community, indicating that cooperation with new prosumers leads to an overall net-benefit. Finally, to address the challenge posed by the common lack of high-resolution data, the possibility of estimating the amount of energy shared in a community with a linear regression model, rather than calculating it with granular data, is briefly assessed.
通过集体自我消费共享的能源决定了能源社区的经济节约和电力供应商的收入损失。在本文中,我们以200个假设的能源群落为样本,对这一数量进行了统计研究。研究发现,一个典型社区的年发电量和需求份额为(4.69±1.26)%,从供电方的角度来看,其自用电量增加了(9.59±2.89)%。在年度水平上,每个家庭的平均能源共享略低于其月平均用电量。结果表明,每户共享能源随着社区规模的增加而增加,这表明与新产消者的合作带来了总体净效益。最后,为了解决普遍缺乏高分辨率数据所带来的挑战,简要评估了用线性回归模型估计社区共享能量的可能性,而不是用颗粒数据计算能量。
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引用次数: 1
Multivariate Cross-Correlated Reliability Modeling of Wind Turbines using Pair-Copula Functions 基于对耦合函数的风力发电机多变量交叉相关可靠性建模
Pub Date : 2022-10-10 DOI: 10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960333
P. T. Baboli, Amin Raeiszadeh, Michael Brand, S. Lehnhoff
In this paper, the spatial-temporal correlation between wind turbines has been modeled. Due to the large dimension of the problem (spatial and temporal correlation) and the number of wind turbines, solving the copula-based correlation model is so complicated and requires a decomposition technique. The pair-copula function are employed to decompose the problem into bivariate copula functions and using goodness-of-fit indices, the most suitable copula families are evaluated and selected. This model has then been used to model uncertainties and generate cross-correlated scenarios around the short-term forecast values to include the correlation information in the error models. The generated samples are then represented as histograms, which later are fitted to optimal density functions. The most important contribution of this paper is the introduction of joint-reliability evaluation procedure that integrates the correlation models in the non-sequential Monte Carlo simulation method. The proposed joint-reliability model is applied to real wind farms in Lower Saxony in Germany. The results show that including the concept of correlation in the reliability evaluation lead to more realistic results, and allows to fulfill the ancillary services with a certain level of reliability through uncertain resources.
本文建立了风力发电机组间的时空相关性模型。由于问题维度大(时空相关)且风力机数量多,求解基于copula的相关模型非常复杂,需要采用分解技术。利用对联结函数将问题分解为二元联结函数,并利用拟合优度指标对最合适的联结族进行评价和选择。然后,该模型被用于模拟不确定性,并围绕短期预测值生成交叉相关情景,以便在误差模型中包含相关信息。然后将生成的样本表示为直方图,然后将其拟合到最优密度函数。本文最重要的贡献是在非顺序蒙特卡罗仿真方法中引入了集成相关模型的联合可靠性评估程序。提出的联合可靠性模型在德国下萨克森州的实际风电场中得到了应用。结果表明,在可靠性评估中引入相关性的概念,使评估结果更加贴近实际,能够通过不确定的资源实现具有一定可靠性水平的辅助服务。
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引用次数: 1
Cross-sectoral Provision of Ancillary Services in coupled Electricity and Gas Sectors on a Real-Time Simulator 利用实时模拟器为电力及煤气业界提供跨行业的辅助服务
Pub Date : 2022-10-10 DOI: 10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960604
E. Feldhoff, T. Duphorn, S. Schlegel, D. Westermann
The coupling of the electricity and gas sectors can provide degrees of freedom in the provision of CO2 minimal flexibilities, but also increases the complexity of the investigation of maintaining system stability due to the different requirements. To investigate how the failure of generation power or load changes affect the compliance with the stability criteria in the respective grids, a cross-sectoral system model is implemented and evaluated on a real-time simulator. Real-time simulators enable the investigation of state changes in real time. By connecting hardware components such as generation units or loads, the effects on cross-sectoral system operation can be studied in real time in the event of fluctuations in generation or load changes. The cross-sectoral implementation is presented by numerical case studies using the example of a region in Germany for 2 developed scenarios on the real-time simulator OPAL-RT.
电力和天然气部门的耦合可以在提供二氧化碳最小灵活性方面提供自由度,但由于不同的要求,也增加了维持系统稳定性的研究的复杂性。为了研究发电故障或负荷变化如何影响各自电网的稳定性标准,实现了一个跨部门系统模型,并在实时模拟器上进行了评估。实时模拟器能够实时调查状态变化。通过连接发电机组或负荷等硬件部件,可以实时研究发电或负荷变化时对跨部门系统运行的影响。通过在实时模拟器OPAL-RT上对德国一个地区的2个开发场景进行数值案例研究,介绍了跨部门实施。
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引用次数: 1
A Non-Convex and Non-Iterative Approach for Fast Vulnerability Analysis of Smart Grids 基于非凸非迭代的智能电网脆弱性快速分析方法
Pub Date : 2022-10-10 DOI: 10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960551
Peng Liu, Zhi Wu, W. Gu, Yuping Lu, Yujian Ye, G. Strbac
The computational burden of vulnerability analysis of power networks depends heavily on the management of non-convexities and N-k contingencies. In this paper, a novel spatial branch-and-cut is proposed for the fast screening of vulnerable components. To address the non-convexities in the form of conic equalities, a conic-specific spatial branching strategy is designed to prune the solutions which violate non-convex constraints. To accelerate the process of contingency screening, the modeling of post-contingency load restoration for each contingency is unified and explored through combinatorial cuts. The core idea of the proposed assessment approach is to manage both non-convexities and contingencies in a single spatial branch-and-cut search tree through callback functions, so that the screening for all possible contingencies can be conducted only once. The performance of the vulnerability analysis approach is evaluated on two testing systems. Numerical results show the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method.
电网脆弱性分析的计算量很大程度上取决于非凸性和N-k偶然性的管理。本文提出了一种新的空间分切方法,用于快速筛选易损部件。为了解决二次方程形式的非凸性问题,设计了一种特定于二次方程的空间分支策略来剔除违反非凸约束的解。为加快应急筛选的进程,对各应急的应急后负荷恢复进行统一建模,并通过组合切割进行探索。所提出的评估方法的核心思想是通过回调函数对单个空间枝切搜索树中的非凸性和偶然性进行管理,从而对所有可能的偶然性进行一次筛选。在两个测试系统上对脆弱性分析方法的性能进行了评估。数值结果表明了该方法的有效性和有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Utilization of Flexibility Mechanisms in Regional Outage Planning of Transmission Systems 柔性机制在输电系统区域停电规划中的应用
Pub Date : 2022-10-10 DOI: 10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960321
Suvi Peltoketo, A. Kuusela, Antti-Juhani Nikkila, Tuomo Mäkihannu, T. Rauhala
Energy transition challenges the methods used in the operational planning of transmission systems and increases the need for more extensive and coordinated use of flexibility mechanisms. This paper presents how different types of flexibility mechanisms can be utilized in the outage planning of transmission systems to mitigate the impacts of N–1 contingency condition during a planned outage and to reduce the need for preventive curtailment. The flexibility mechanisms presented in this paper focus on solving regional and local grid congestions caused by thermal overloading of grid components after a contingency. The analyzed flexibility mechanisms can be divided into two categories: technical and market-based flexibility mechanisms. Factors affecting the feasibility of the analyzed flexibility mechanisms are identified in this paper. The paper discusses how different types of flexibility mechanisms can be combined to solve regional grid congestions considering the short- and long-term thermal ratings of grid components as an enabler of market-based flexibility.
能源转型对输电系统业务规划中使用的方法提出了挑战,并增加了更广泛和协调地使用灵活性机制的需要。本文介绍了如何在输电系统的停电计划中利用不同类型的灵活性机制来减轻计划停电期间N-1应急条件的影响,并减少预防性削减的需要。本文提出的柔性机制侧重于解决突发事件后由于网格组件热过载而引起的区域和局部网格拥塞问题。所分析的柔性机制可分为两类:技术性柔性机制和市场化柔性机制。分析了影响柔性机构可行性的因素。本文讨论了如何结合不同类型的灵活性机制来解决区域电网拥堵问题,考虑到电网组件的短期和长期热额值是市场灵活性的推动者。
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引用次数: 2
Distribution Grid Topology Calibration Based on a Data-Driven Approach 基于数据驱动方法的配电网拓扑标定
Pub Date : 2022-10-10 DOI: 10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960588
M. Subasic, G. D. Ave, M. Giuntoli, P. Noglik, K. Knezović, Dmitry Shchetinin, W. Peterson, Wenping Li
With the introduction of advanced metering infrastructure and smart meters at the customers' premises, an unprecedented amount of data becomes available to improve and validate distribution grid models. Therefore, assuming there are distribution grid topological errors, data-driven methods can utilize smart meter data to remedy the real-time topology in which the grid is currently operated and correct the topology errors stored in the database of the distribution management system. In this work, a hybrid methodology, encompassing graph theory and data-driven approaches based on statistical inference, is used to identify the errors in the underlying operational grid topology models. The methodology relies on voltage magnitude timeseries data, which are easily obtained from smart meters.
随着先进的计量基础设施和智能电表在客户场所的引入,前所未有的数据量可以用于改进和验证配电网模型。因此,假设存在配电网拓扑错误,数据驱动方法可以利用智能电表数据对电网当前运行的实时拓扑进行修正,并对存储在配电管理系统数据库中的拓扑错误进行修正。在这项工作中,一种混合方法,包括图论和基于统计推断的数据驱动方法,用于识别底层操作网格拓扑模型中的错误。该方法依赖于电压幅值时间序列数据,这些数据很容易从智能电表中获得。
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引用次数: 1
Evaluation of the use of short-circuit ratio as a system strength indicator in converter-dominated power systems 在变流器主导的电力系统中,短路率作为系统强度指标的评价
Pub Date : 2022-10-10 DOI: 10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960381
O. Damanik, Ö. C. Sakinci, Goran Grdenić, J. Beerten
This paper investigates the applicability of short-circuit ratio (SCR) as a system strength indicator in power systems with a high penetration of voltage source converters (VSCs). In power systems dominated by synchronous generators, the SCR has been widely used to estimate the system strength by using short-circuit level information obtained at the relevant bus. However, the emerging converter technology such as VSCs has different short-circuit characteristics from synchronous generators, in the sense that the short-circuit currents are typically lower in magnitude and more controllable. Moreover, SCR calculations are based on the static analysis of the power system, neglecting the dynamic and control aspects of VSCs. These aspects raise the question whether the SCR can still be used to evaluate system strength of converter-dominated systems. To this end, in this paper, the fundamental definition of the SCR is revisited, and factors influencing its applicability in converter-dominated power systems are listed. A case study is provided to demonstrate the limitation of the SCR in converter-dominated systems, and the impact of the control strategy on the dynamic performance of the system is also discussed.
本文研究了短路比(SCR)作为高穿通电压源变换器(VSCs)电力系统强度指标的适用性。在以同步发电机为主的电力系统中,可控硅已被广泛应用于利用在相关母线上获得的短路电平信息来估计系统强度。然而,新兴的变换器技术,如VSCs,具有与同步发电机不同的短路特性,在某种意义上,短路电流通常更小,更可控。此外,SCR的计算是基于电力系统的静态分析,忽略了vsc的动态和控制方面。这些方面提出了一个问题,即可控硅是否仍然可以用来评估变换器控制系统的系统强度。为此,本文回顾了可控硅的基本定义,并列举了影响其在变流器主导的电力系统中适用性的因素。通过实例分析说明了变流器控制系统中可控硅的局限性,并讨论了控制策略对系统动态性能的影响。
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引用次数: 1
Power Transformer Neutral Point Grounding Methods: Analysis of Fault Characteristics 电力变压器中性点接地方法:故障特征分析
Pub Date : 2022-10-10 DOI: 10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960344
V. Helac, S. Smaka, S. Grebović, N. Oprasic
The method of power transformer neutral point grounding is very important for power distribution network operation because it strongly affect the shapes and values of overvoltages and fault currents. Many methods of grounding are used in medium voltage (MV) power distribution networks. The selection of grounding method largely depends on the characteristics of power network connected to the substation. It is also necessary to consider the advantages and disadvantages of various neutral grounding methods during selection process to find the best solution from a technical and economical point of view. The effects of grounding methods on the characteristics of single-phase short circuit fault are discussed in this paper on the example of 110/20 kV substation ′′Bugojno′′. Modeling and simulation of the considered substation, power transmission and distribution lines are implemented in EMTP-RV software.
电力变压器中性点接地方式对配电网过电压和故障电流的形态和值有很大影响,对配电网的运行具有重要意义。在中压配电网中,接地方法有很多种。接地方式的选择在很大程度上取决于变电站所接电网的特点。在选择过程中还需要考虑各种中性点接地方式的优缺点,从技术和经济的角度寻找最佳解决方案。本文以110/ 20kv“布哥依诺”变电站为例,讨论了接地方式对单相短路故障特征的影响。在EMTP-RV软件中对所考虑的变电站、输配电线路进行建模和仿真。
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引用次数: 0
Reinforcement Learning based MIMO Controller for Virtual Inertia Control in Isolated Microgrids 基于强化学习的MIMO隔离微电网虚拟惯性控制
Pub Date : 2022-10-10 DOI: 10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960447
V. Skiparev, J. Belikov, E. Petlenkov, Y. Levron
In this paper, we propose a multi-input multi-output controller for optimal control of nonlinear energy storage, using deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithm. This controller provides the frequency support in an isolated microgrid with high penetration of variable renewable energy sources and varying system inertia. To achieve an optimal control we redesigned neural network of actor and critic, simplified deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) rules, and reorganized the reward/punishment system. Simulation results show the efficiency of the proposed virtual inertia control architecture in several scenarios.
本文采用深度强化学习(DRL)算法,提出了一种多输入多输出的非线性储能最优控制控制器。该控制器在具有可变可再生能源高渗透和系统惯性变化的孤立微电网中提供频率支持。为了实现最优控制,我们重新设计了演员和评论家的神经网络,简化了深度确定性策略梯度(deep deterministic policy gradient, DDPG)规则,重组了奖惩系统。仿真结果表明了所提出的虚拟惯性控制体系在多种场景下的有效性。
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引用次数: 2
Coordinated PI-based frequency deviation control of isolated hybrid microgrid: An online multi-agent tuning approach via reinforcement learning 基于协调pi的孤立混合微电网频率偏差控制:一种基于强化学习的在线多智能体调谐方法
Pub Date : 2022-10-10 DOI: 10.1109/ISGT-Europe54678.2022.9960311
K. Nosrati, A. Tepljakov, E. Petlenkov, Y. Levron, V. Skiparev, J. Belikov
Numerous remote area applications welcome standalone renewable energy power generation systems or isolated microgrids (MGs). Due to the nature of solar and wind energy, the frequency deviation control (FDC) in hybrid MGs has become more complicated and critical than the conventional grid for power quality purposes. By using a coordination control strategy between a double-layered capacitor and a fuel cell, our mission here is to design a FDC system based on the PI controller which is tuned by an artificial neural network (ANN) in a multi-agent structure. To achieve this aim, a reinforcement learning technique is applied to train the ANN-based tuners. The performance of the proposed FDC system has been verified under different conditions by using real data to demonstrate the stability and robustness of the proposed controller.
许多偏远地区的应用欢迎独立的可再生能源发电系统或孤立的微电网(mg)。由于太阳能和风能的特性,与传统电网相比,混合电网中的频率偏差控制(FDC)变得更加复杂和关键。利用双层电容器与燃料电池之间的协调控制策略,设计了一个基于PI控制器的多智能体结构的FDC系统,该控制器由人工神经网络(ANN)进行调谐。为了实现这一目标,采用强化学习技术来训练基于人工神经网络的调谐器。用实际数据验证了所提FDC系统在不同条件下的性能,证明了所提控制器的稳定性和鲁棒性。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
2022 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe (ISGT-Europe)
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